Government Regulation Research Articles

Fatwā on The Ruling of Hajj Without Taṣrīh; The Case of Indonesian Hajj Pilgrims in 2024

Compliance with government regulations and religious fatwas is essential to ensure the legality and safety of the hajj pilgrimage. However, performing hajj without a taṣrīh (official visa) has become a significant issue, particularly for Indonesian pilgrims with long waiting periods for official visas. This study examines the perspectives of religious scholars and fatwā institutions on the validity of hajj without taṣrīh factors that contribute to non-compliance and policy recommendations for Indonesian and Saudi authorities to address these violations. Using a qualitative case study approach, the research includes direct observation, in-depth interviews, and thematic analysis to explore the reasons and experiences of unauthorized pilgrims while depicting the perspectives of religious authorities and community leaders. Findings reveal that taṣrīh violations involve various actors, including individual pilgrims, public officials, and religious leaders like kiai, who use their influence to facilitate unauthorized hajj. Conflicting fatwas from authorities such as Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, and Hay'ah Kibār al-ʻUlamā’ add complexity to the issue. This study highlights the need for harmonized fatwā issuance and enhanced education on the implications of unauthorized hajj. Policy recommendations aim to improve compliance, align Sharia law with government regulations, and ensure a safe, orderly pilgrimage.

Climate resilient urban regeneration and SDG 11 – stakeholders’ view on pathways and digital infrastructures

ABSTRACT Urban areas grapple with escalating challenges due to climate change, rapid urbanisation, and shifting demographics. Collaborative efforts and innovative applications of big earth data analytics and digital infrastructures are imperative in tackling the issues facing cities and advancing SDG 11. Modernising urban infrastructure is essential, coupled with a focus on people-centric urban regeneration to enhance the well-being of city residents. Urban resilience, encompassing diverse social, economic, environmental, and governance facets, lies at the core of this mission. A resilient city can endure and recover from disruptions, be they natural disasters or human-made crises. Stakeholder engagement, bridging top-down and bottom-up approaches, is pivotal in fostering the use of earth data to promote sustainability and urban resilience. A literature review and on-going research underscores digital infrastructure's potential in fortifying resilient, sustainable cities. Insights from an international forum on ‘Digital Infrastructure for Climate Resilience’ held in Melbourne, Australia in 2023 inform this perspective. Big earth data analytics combined with Urban Digital Twin technologies, emerge as potent tools for urban stakeholders and decision-makers. Despite challenges, opportunities abound to leverage data and digital platforms to bolster sustainable urban development. Effective leadership, government regulations, standards, and cross-sector collaboration are essential for realising this potential.

Pertimbangan Hukum Hakim dalam Memutus Perkara Sertifikat Hak Milik antara Pengadilan PTUN Pontianak dan PTTUN Jakarta

This study aims to explore variations in legal considerations taken by judges when handling the same case in the Pontianak PTUN Decision Number 25/G/2020/PTUN.PTK and Jakarta PTTUN Number 106/B/2021/PT.TUN.JKT. The method used in this study is normative, focusing on assessing the quality of legal norms based on the principles of justice, benefit, and legal certainty. The findings of the study indicate that differences in the resolution of this case were triggered by variations in the judges' interpretation of legal facts, especially regarding the deadline for filing a lawsuit in accordance with Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997. Pontianak PTUN rejected the lawsuit because it considered the deadline had passed, while Jakarta PTTUN overturned the decision by stating that there was an error in calculating the time. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of consistency in the application of the law, in order to prevent uncertainty and provide justice for the parties involved in the case.

Unveiling Illegal Marriages in Aceh: Examining the Role of Unofficial Qadi

In Acehnese communities, particularly in Bayu Village, illegal marriages conducted by unofficial qadi have been identified. These marriages are often carried out in secrecy, making it difficult to verify whether they meet the pillars and conditions of marriage according to Islamic law. The study aimed to examine the practice of illegal marriages conducted by the community of Bayu Village, Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam Province, from the perspective of Islamic family law. The research employed an empirical legal research method using a qualitative descriptive approach. The findings found out several cases of illegal marriages performed by unofficial qadi in Bayu Village. Couples intending to marry are required to fulfill specific conditions set by the qadi, including providing identity cards (KTP) of the prospective spouses, passport-sized photographs of the couple, witnesses, a dowry (mahr), and a guardian (wali) from the bride’s side. The prevalence of illegal marriages is from the community's limited understanding of the importance of marriage registration. From the perspective of Islamic family law, marriages conducted with unofficial qadi in Bayu Village constitute a deviation from religious principles, a violation of government regulations, and have negative implications for the community.

Penegakan Sanksi Disiplin Berat terhadap Pegawai Negeri Sipil di Lingkungan Kementerian Perhubungan

This study is a non-dogmatic study or empirical study, where law is the embodiment of the symbolic meanings of social actors which are seen in the interactions between them. The aim of the research is to find out the procedures for applying heavy disciplinary sanctions to civil servants in accordance with Government Regulation Number 94 of 2021 and to find out the application of heavy disciplinary sanctions to civil servants within the Ministry of Transportation. Based on Government Regulation Number 94 of 2021 concerning Civil Servant Discipline, severe disciplinary penalties are divided into three categories: First, demotion to a lower level position for 12 months, Second, release from position to acting position for 12 months, and Third, honorable dismissal not at his own request as a Civil Servant. The procedures for imposing heavy disciplinary sanctions are contained in BKN Regulation Number 6 of 2020, which includes: forming an inspection team, summons, examination, determining heavy disciplinary penalties and delivering decisions on heavy disciplinary penalties. The research results show that the Ministry of Transportation has implemented severe disciplinary sanctions in accordance with applicable regulations, namely Government Regulation Number 94 of 2021 concerning Civil Servant Discipline. The Ministry of Transportation has also implemented the stages that have been mandated in the legal regulations that serve as guidelines for its implementation, namely State Civil Service Agency Regulation Number 6 of 2022. The factors that hinder the implementation of heavy disciplinary sanctions include officials suspected of committing serious disciplinary violations, not being temporarily released. from his position, the immediate superior has not played an active role in handling disciplinary violations, Submitting Decrees on Severe Disciplinary Punishments which do not comply with the provisions.

Shaping the perception of Sustainable Fashion: Power Intervention as Metaphor of Social Media Discourse (Power - government power)

Social media and government regulations play critical roles in promoting sustainability, but both confront substantial hurdles. Platforms like Instagram and TikTok democratise sustainability talks, yet also face challenges such as greenwashing and consumerism. Governments can incentivise sustainable activities through legislation, but they frequently meet criticism from economic interests and challenges in international cooperation. This study looks at how social media and government interventions influence popular perceptions of sustainable fashion. The study investigates how government organisations disseminate sustainability themes using discourse analysis, interviews with designers, lawmakers, and influencers, as well as content analysis of government and fashion-related posts. The findings suggest that while government programs shape public discourse by portraying sustainable fashion as a societal responsibility, scepticism regarding the genuineness of these messages reveals a trust gap. Governments use social media to influence public opinion through eco-labeling, sustainability certifications, and collaborations with environmentally aware individuals, however greenwashing remains a challenge. Influencers use channels like Instagram and TikTok to fight scepticism by delivering honest, emotional stories that make sustainability more relevant. The study emphasises the importance of transparency in government messaging and proposes that visual content might help make sustainability more accessible to the general population. It provides vital insights on how the government and social media may work together to promote sustainable fashion, as well as recommendations for future eco-friendly garment sector promotion initiatives.

PROCEDURE FOR TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT RELATIONS IN THE PANCASILA INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS CONCEPT

In the Pancasila Industrial Relations concept, the rights and responsibilities of employers and workers in a work relationship are balanced. This balance is achieved not based on considerations of strength (overall influence), but based on feelings of justice and honor. In addition, Pancasila Industrial Relations believes that company results achieved through cooperation between workers and entrepreneurs must be enjoyed equally by taking into account the sacrifices made by each individual. When a work stoppage occurs, this method is also assisted through a component that is a marker of Pancasila standards in legal guidelines through Law Number 2 of 2004 concerning Settlement of Industrial Relations Problems. This research employed normative juridical research methods Referring to Government Regulation Number 35 of 2021 concerning Specific Time Work Agreements, Outsourcing, Working Time and Rest Time and Termination of Employment Relations, if there is termination of employment in accordance with the reasons for Termination of Employment, then the formulation of the amount of rights that the worker has at the time of termination of employment work adjusted to the reason for termination of employment. As the government's response to the difficulties and dynamics of competency and productivity-based employment relationships, this regulation was promulgated to provide guidelines for ending employment relationships because it is very necessary in efforts to protect rights and government assistance in fulfilling the welfare of workers/employees both during work, especially after the end of work friendships

Sertifikasi Halal Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Produk Halal (BPJPH) dalam Perspektif Yuridis

The Halal Product Guarantee Administering Body (BPJPH) is an official institution that has been authorized based on the mandate of Law no. 30 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Guarantees. BPJPH has high authority in implementing halal certification. Halal certification is mandatory for halal business actors in Indonesia. This research aims to find out how the halal certification process is carried out by BPJPH and the reasons behind why BPJPH implements regulations like this. The research method used is qualitative with a juridical or normative legal approach. This research is included in library research or library research by reviewing literature that is appropriate to the research object. The data sources used are the Halal Product Guarantee Law (UU JPH) and its derivatives and the official BPJPH account which is normative and can be accessed by the public. The research results show that halal certification by BPJPH is carried out in two ways, namely independently/regularly and self-declare. Each has a different halal certification flow. The legal basis for implementing halal certification by BPJPH is Law no. 30 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Guarantees, Government Regulation Number 31 of 2019 concerning Implementation of Halal Product Guarantees, Minister of Religion Regulation Number 26 of 2019 concerning Procedures for Halal Certification, and BPJPH Regulation Number 61 of 2022 concerning SOPs for Halal Certificate Application Services at BPJPH.

Analysis implementation system control internal government in Indonesia

Law No. 1 of 2004 concerning the Treasury of the State shall preserve the President as the Head of Government regulating and organizing the Government's Internal Control System in Indonesia. In 2008, the Government of Indonesia issued Government Regulation Number 60 of 2008 concerning the Government's Internal Control System to implement the provisions of Article 58 paragraph (2) in Law Number 1 of 2004. The internal control system adopted in Indonesia was adopted from the concept of internal control was made by the 1992 Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Since the enactment of Government Regulation Number 60 of 2008 counted for 10 years the regulation has come into force. However, the policy contained in Government Regulation Number 60 Year 2008 has not been fully implemented in government governance in Indonesia. This can be seen from the results of the government internal control system maturity evaluation conducted by BPKP until March 2018 which shows the maturity level of SPIP which is still far from the target with the majority of Institutions still below level 3 or far from level 5 (optimum level) and weaknesses of the Internal Control System The government found by the Supreme Audit Agency in the examination of 2015-2017. Factors that can hinder the implementation of the government's internal control system in Indonesia include: (a) Weakness in terms of content and context of the Policy, (b) Absence of sanctions, (c) Inadequate judgment (d) Errors in translating orders, (e) Management neglect, (f) Collusion.

Beyond Profit: How to Create Value in Business by Integrating ESG and Sustainability Accounting

This study aims to explore the integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) investment with sustainable accounting practices to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in order to instill important values ​​in sustainable business. This study is a qualitative study using a case study method at PT Pupuk Kalimantan Timur (PKT) and its subsidiary, PT Kaltim Industrial Estate (KIE). Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews. The findings of this study reveal that a proactive approach to ESG adoption is a strategic corporate initiative that emphasizes corporate governance compliance with government regulations, ethical business practices, and fraud prevention. In addition, this study explores insights into the decision-making process related to ESG projects through budget considerations for ESG implementation. The results of this study also indicate that there is an important role for management in adopting ESG practices as a company's commitment to long-term environmental management. The implications of this study are for sustainable development, especially in the fertilizer industry, through the role of an integrated ESG strategy that will ultimately increase corporate profitability, preserve the environment and support the improvement of community welfare. This research contributes to the practical development of sustainability accounting on how industries can integrate sustainable business with environmental responsibility through ESG initiatives to achieve the SDGs.

Does Digital Financial Literacy Matter for Current and Future Saving Behavior among Rural SME Entrepreneurs? Government Regulations Awareness as a Moderator

Digital financial literacy (DFL) is a game changer in a digital environment. This study examines the impact of DFL on saving behavior among rural small and medium enterprise (SME) entrepreneurs in a developing country. It also explores the effect of government regulations awareness on the association between current and future saving behavior. The study examined rural SME entrepreneurs in Uganda who engaged in financial transactions through mobile phones and retail financial agents. The study employed purposive and snowball sampling procedures to identify rural SME entrepreneurs. Data from 215 rural SMEs entrepreneurs was obtained and analyzed using structural equation modelling and Hayes PROCESS macro. The results indicated that knowledge of digital financial services and products, digital financial risks and control, and consumer rights and reporting procedures significantly impact SME entrepreneurs’ current saving behavior. The current saving behavior has a significant positive impact on future saving foresight. Government regulations awareness significantly impacts the indirect path of DFL on future saving foresight via current saving. This study provides insights for academicians, policymakers, owners of rural SMEs, policymakers, and financial institutions’ top and middle-level managers interested in improving the financial situation of rural SMEs in developing countries. The originality of this study is established in rural SMEs entrepreneurs' awareness of government regulations in a digital environment that moderates the association between current and future saving behavior with DFL as a primary construct.

Badan Usaha Milik Desa: Strategi Penguatan Status Hukum untuk Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Desa Batetangnga

Although Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) play an important role as drivers of the local economy, the regulations governing their legal status remain unclear, as shown in Government Regulation No. 43/2014 and Ministry of Village Regulation No. 4 of 2015. This uncertainty has led to public doubts about the legitimacy and accountability of BUMDes, thereby reducing public trust. This research focuses on the ambiguity of the legal status of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in Batetangnga Village and its impact on management transparency and accountability. A qualitative research approach is used to explore the views and perceptions of the Batetangnga Village community and BUMDes managers regarding the legal status and management of BUMDes. Data were collected through interviews and participatory observation, then analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. The results indicate that weaknesses in the legal status of BUMDes lead to ambiguity in the roles and responsibilities of managers and hinder transparency, especially in financial aspects of Batetangnga BUMDes. This aligns with Institutional Theory, which states that legal uncertainty reduces incentives for agents (managers) to report activities transparently to the owners (village community). Furthermore, this research finds that weaknesses in legal status hinder BUMDes's ability to establish partnerships with external parties and limit flexibility in managing village assets, impacting Village Original Revenue (PADesa). This study recommends strengthening the legal status of BUMDes to enhance transparency, accountability, and public trust. Thus, BUMDes can optimally fulfill its role as an economic driver that contributes to the welfare of village communities.

ANALISIS YURIDIS PELAKSANAAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KORBAN TERORISME DITINJAU DALAM PERSPEKTIF KEADILAN DISTRIBUTIF

Bom Bali I is one of the terrorist incidents that occurred in Indonesia. Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (Perppu) Number 1 of 2002 and Perppu Number 2 of 2002, which relate to the enactment of Perppu Number 1 of 2002, were subsequently issued as a result of the terrorist incident known as the Bali Bombing. The Minister in Charge of Political, Legal, and Security Matters asked the House of Representatives to amend Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (Perppu) Number 1 of 2002 into Law Number 15 of 2003, but terrorist attacks persisted until President Joko Widodo changed it into Law Number 5 of 2018 concerning the Amendment of the Previous Law. Terrorism causes significant losses, so the government is responsible for protecting victims and fulfilling their rights among which is by offering compensation. Chapter VI of Law Number 5 of 2018 on Law Number 15 of 2003 Amendments regulates the protection of terrorism victims, including information on the payment of compensation of damages to terrorist victims, ranging from economic losses, disabilities, to death. This research uses the Normative Juridical method by analyzing laws, legal documents, and other materials related to the implementation of compensation. Regulations governing the rights of victims have begun to take into consideration the protection of terrorist victims' rights. The government established the National Counter-Terrorism Agency and the Witness and Victim Protection Agency to protect and defend the rights of terrorist victims as intermediaries. The amount of terrorist compensation is also decided by the extent of the victim's loss; in this instance victims' rights terrorism crimes are fulfilled through the interdependence of justice, legal protection, and legal certainty.

A Study on the Pathways of Red Gene Transmission Through Fine Art Works

President Xi Jinping emphasized the need for systematic protection of intangible cultural heritage to better meet the growing spiritual and cultural needs of the people and promote cultural confidence and self-reliance. Red fine art works, as historical relics preserved and formed by the Communist Party of China over time, play a pivotal role in guiding young students to develop a correct understanding of history, oppose historical nihilism, foster patriotism, and establish socialist core values. Therefore, exploring the pathways of transmitting red genes through fine art works is of paramount importance. Taking the Xiuzhou farmer paintings as an example, this study explores the origins and inheritors of these paintings, delves into the depiction of societal changes reflected within them, and examines their role in the transmission of red genes. The research highlights the importance of farmers in Chinas development and the necessity of preserving intangible cultural heritage. To address issues such as the challenges of craftsmanship inheritance, difficulties in training and mentoring, potential declines in quality, and sales bottlenecks faced by farmer paintings, several strategies are proposed: Strengthening governmental guidance and regulation to promote the market-oriented development of the red-themed farmer painting industry. Actively organizing Xiuzhou Farmer Paintings + Red Party History promotional and exhibition events to foster cultural and tourism integration, develop a unique red farmer painting brand, and expand their reach through e-commerce platforms. Launching Red Farmer Paintings in Schools initiatives to subtly integrate them into primary and secondary school labor education through hands-on experiences. Hosting competitions and activities centered on farmer paintings to appreciate the charm and essence of red genes. Providing robust support for inheritors to pursue dynamic heritage practices and empowering red farmer paintings with technological advancements for intelligent development. Focusing on the international exchange of farmer paintings, using platforms like universities and Confucius Institutes to share the century-old history of the Party depicted in farmer paintings with international students and friends, thereby achieving global dissemination.

Enhancing sustainable performance with green construction based on local wisdom through implementation strategy as a mediating variable

+This research examines the integration of local wisdom-based green construction practices and their influence on sustainable performance through implementation strategies in the Indonesian construction industry. It focuses on ten construction projects in Bali. The main problem faced is the lack of understanding of the effectiveness of local wisdom-based green construction practices in improving sustainable performance in developing countries. Using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method, data was collected from 200 engineers involved in green construction projects. Results show that local wisdom-based green construction practices significantly influence sustainable performance, both directly (path coefficient 0.290) and indirectly through the mediation of implementation strategies (indirect effect 0.575). The research model shows high explanatory power with R-squared values of 0.802 for Implementation Strategy and 0.831 for Sustainable Performance. These findings indicate that integrating local wisdom in green construction practices when mediated by an effective implementation strategy, can significantly improve the sustainable performance of construction projects. Sustainable waste management was identified as the dominant indicator (loading factor 0.936) of local wisdom-based green construction. In contrast, alignment with government policies and regulations (loading factor 0.925) became critical in the implementation strategy. The results of this study can be applied by project developers, construction managers, and policymakers in designing more effective implementation strategies for integrating local wisdom into green construction practices, considering customizations based on variations in cultural and geographical contexts

Research on Factors Influencing the Willingness of Enterprises in Greater Bay Area to Participate in Food Safety Certification

Based on the discussion and analysis of experts in relevant fields, this study hypothesizes the factors that affect the willingness of enterprises in the Greater Bay Area to participate in food safety certification. From government support and regulation, consumer cognition, management of food hygiene certification of cognition, the same industry of food hygiene management level and perceived organizational support the five dimensions above, set up the five dimensions affect the enterprise of food security authentication of the will of structural equation model, and through the SPSS16.0 software, AMOS17.0 software and principal component analysis and structural equation model to empirical research methods of questionnaire survey data. First using the principal component analysis (PCA) to large bay area businesses involved in food safety certification will influence factors of multiple indicators for dimension reduction, refined out of the bay area businesses involved in food safety certification will influence factors of main component, using the structural equation model to the big bay enterprise participation willingness empirically the factors which influence food safety certification. The results show that government support and supervision have a significant positive impact on the willingness of food safety certification. Managers' cognition degree of food hygiene certification has significant positive influence on enterprises' willingness of food safety certification. The level of food hygiene management in the same industry has a significant positive impact on the willingness of food safety certification. The sense of organization support has a significant positive influence on the willingness of food safety certification. The influence of consumers' cognition degree on enterprises' willingness of food safety certification is not significant.

An Empirical Study of the Ideological Component in Russian Economic Science

Ideology plays a significant role in forming economic theories and models, although its influence is often underestimated or denied. In economics, the desire for objectivity prevails. However, historically, economic theories often bear the imprint of certain ideological attitudes. In this paper, the authors analyzed the ideological component of Russian economic science from 1992 to 2023. The total sample consisted of 134,124 scientific publications divided by year. As a hypothesis, we identified five economic ideologies: neoliberalism, socialism, dirigisme, special path and environmentalism. In this work, we classified economic scientific articles based on their ideological coloring using vector representations of texts (embeddings) obtained using the SciRus-tiny model and the LSTM neural network, which acts as a classifier. The accuracy of the model on cross-validation was 77.45%. The array of scientific articles was classified by ideology in the following proportions: dirigisme – 29.86%, environmentalism – 18.85%, special path – 16.60%, neoliberalism – 14.53%, socialism – 12.16% and 8.00% of articles remained unallocated. Our hypothesis was confirmed during the machine analysis of article texts since the smallest number of texts was undetermined during the classification. Further, the authors analyzed the representation of bigrams and trigrams. As a result, bigrams and trigrams found in each ideological group were determined, and the first ten were identified in prevalence for each ideological group separately. Using factor analysis (principal component analysis), we identified ten key micro-themes in each period (1992–1997, 1998– 2002, 2003–2007, 2008–2012, 2013–2017, 2018–2023). Based on the interpretation of the obtained factor loadings of the principal components in each group and the correlation of the bi- and trigrams identified for each ideology, we analyzed how different ideologies manifest themselves and what scientific problems they are associated with. The analysis showed that the most discussed issues in the articles were the problems of government regulation, the labor market, and industrial development throughout the entire period.

The Dynamics of Financial Instability of Organizations During Institutional Reforms: the Case of Uzbekistan

The study considers the dynamics of financial instability of organizations in Uzbekistan before and after the large-scale institutional reforms of 2017, applying Hyman Minsky’s financial instability hypothesis. The novelty of this work lies in several aspects. For the first time, the level of financial instability of organizations in Uzbekistan was analyzed using Minsky’s hypothesis. Minsky’s hypothesis has not previously been applied to a country with a high level of state involvement in the economy. Furthermore, it is the first time that the impact of institutional reforms on the financial stability of organizations in Uzbekistan has been examined. The analysis was conducted based on data from 52 large organizations across various sectors of the economy, using three indices: the Nishi Index, the Beshenov and Rozmainsky Index, and the Mulligan Index. The study revealed that companies with state participation are more likely to become Ponzi firms, as they are less concerned about debt due to government support. Since 2014, the number of Ponzi firms has increased, reaching its peak in 2017 when large-scale institutional reforms began. This corresponds to the logic of prolonged economic expansion and state "backing." After the reforms began, the number of Ponzi firms decreased as companies became more cautious about taking on loans due to the reduction of state support. The most financially unstable sector was found to be the energy sector, where electricity and gas tariffs often did not cover real costs. This is due to government regulation of tariffs and subsidies, which limits investments in modernization. On the contrary, the construction and transportation sectors were the most stable. The construction industry has shown steady growth, while the transportation sector benefits from the country’s strategic location, providing stable income from international freight transport.

Paradox of Sustainable Growth: The Interplay Between Small and Medium Enterprises and Non‐governmental Organizations and Government Helix

ABSTRACTSmall and medium enterprises (SMEs) are the effective economic engines of most developing countries. Unfortunately, due to resource constraints, the failure rate of SMEs is relatively high, prompting scholars and practitioners to explore potential solutions. Here, the collaboration between SMEs and non‐government organizations (NGOs), supported and guided by governments, can play a strategic role in overcoming resource constraints and promoting sustainable growth. Islamic NGOs can provide Sharia‐based financial support, capacity building, and mentorship to SMEs, especially those owned by Muslim entrepreneurs. Therefore, the goal of this study is to establish a conceptual framework for strategic collaboration between SMEs, conventional NGOs, Islamic NGOs, and governments, with the aim of promoting sustainable growth. A rigorous PICO‐based SLR identified 112 relevant articles. In‐depth analysis using thematic and content approaches, alongside the ADO framework, ensured a robust foundation for the proposed conceptual model. The implementation of methodical procedures further enhanced the rigor of the analysis, ensuring both reliability and validity. The study has devised a strategic collaboration paradigm for the sustainable growth of SMEs, considering the functions of both conventional and Islamic NGOs. This paradigm encompasses innovative financial options, technology transfer, and innovation, value sharing in the supply chain, capacity building and skill development, as well as stakeholder engagement. The results also highlight how important it is for government regulations and policies to be effective from a Helix viewpoint in order to guarantee the long‐term success of SMEs. Additionally, the obtained model has the potential to advance SDG 13 (climate action) and SDG 17 (partnerships for the goals) by fostering cross‐sector collaborations among SMEs and other important stakeholders.

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Consumer Buying Behavior of Organic Products in Surkhet Valley, Nepal

Purpose: This study investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on consumer buying behavior of organic products in Surkhet Valley, Nepal. It explores how various factors, including the pandemic phase, perceived health risk, income loss, governmental regulations, and media influence, have shaped purchasing patterns during the pandemic. Methodology: A survey was conducted among 400 organic product consumers from Surkhet Valley, using a convenience sampling technique. Data collection took place between June and July 2024 and analysis was performed using Smart PLS software to test relationships and hypotheses. Cronbach’s Alpha was employed to assess validity and reliability. Findings: Results show that pandemic phases, perceived health risks, and media influence significantly affected consumer behavior. Economic hardship and government regulations also played roles in limiting access to organic products. Consumers perceived organic products as safer during early pandemic phases but reverted to previous buying habits over time. Limitations/ Implications: The study is limited to Surkhet Valley and convenience sampling, which may limit generalizability. Nevertheless, these insights are valuable for businesses and policymakers seeking to adapt strategies for the organic product market in post-pandemic settings, promoting resilience and sustainability.