Regional Market Research Articles

Modeling the clearing of intra-provincial power market considering the equivalent value of power supply from outside Guangdong Province under the environment of Southern Regional Market (SRM)

Abstract Focusing on the complex market environment of Guangdong Province, this research pioneers a model for assimilating external power sources into the intra-provincial power market, a critical move to support the region’s high demand for electricity driven by robust economic activities. Our study innovatively tackles the province’s fluctuating power supply and demand by employing a novel power supply equivalence and co-modulation technique, enhancing system modeling efficiency and computational effectiveness. Comparative evaluations demonstrate that our approach significantly reduces the power market’s purchase costs by 15% while safeguarding power supply stability and security. The proposed model presents a breakthrough in optimizing Guangdong’s power market’s economic and reliability aspects, offering a promising pathway for future market clearing practices.

EKONOMICKÉ TRENDY NA GLOBÁLNOM TRHU BIOTECHNOLÓGIÍ

Purpose of the article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the global biotechnology market, highlighting its immense size, rapid growth, and significant contributions to various sectors. It discusses key drivers of growth, current dynamics, key players, expected prospects, regional market distributions, and the role of biotechnology in addressing sustainability challenges. Overall, it emphasizes the promising future of the biotechnology sector and its potential for significant growth and impact on economic value creation and sustainability. Methodology/methods where various sources such as academic papers, industry reports, statistical data, and expert analysis provide an overview of the global biotechnology market. It covers aspects such as market size, growth trends, key players, regional analysis, and prospects. Scientific aim of the article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the global biotechnology market, covering its current size, growth trends, key players, regional dynamics, and prospects. Through data analysis and expert insights, the article aims to shed light on the immense potential of the biotechnology sector and its role in driving economic growth, technological innovation, and sustainability. Findings includes Market Size and Growth as notable advancements in gene technologies have spurred the emergence of new scientific fields like proteomics, genomics, and metabolomics, contributing to the sector's expansion. Then Regional Dynamics in North America, led by the United States, currently dominates the global biotechnology market. However, regions like Europe and Asia-Pacific, particularly India and China, are expected to experience significant growth in the coming years. Conclusions (limits, implications etc.) Biotechnology's potential is to provide sustainable solutions to global challenges, making it a promising sector with significant future growth prospects. The increasing demand for organic agricultural products, advancements in clinical testing, and the development of more effective hybrid plants and animals are expected to drive further growth in the biotechnology market.

Can digital economy foster synergistic increases in green innovation and corporate value? Evidence from China.

The rapid evolution of the digital economy has significantly accelerated progress towards achieving green and sustainable processes, particularly in the field of green production. While existing research has delved into the effects of the digital economy on Green Innovation (GI) and the consequences of digital transformation on Corporate Value (CV), there remains a notable gap in the literature regarding the potential for synergistic enhancements in firms' GI&CV through the ongoing digital revolution. This study utilizes an evolutionary game model and employs system dynamics methods to simulate the dynamic evolution trajectory of the influence of the digital economy on the synergy between GI&CV. Subsequently, it empirically assesses the interconnected synergies between GI&CV using a dataset comprising information from Chinese listed firms spanning from 2011 to 2020, examining the impact of the digital economy on these synergies. Moreover, the study delves into the analysis of the transmission mechanism and conducts an extended investigation to further explore this phenomenon. The findings of this paper including: (1) The digital economy acts as a driving force behind the synergistic enhancement of firm GI&CV. Moreover, this effect is further augmented by governmental environmental regulation and green subsidy policies. (2) Drawing upon the information asymmetry theory and the resource-based theory, the regional marketization level and firms' digital transformation play intermediary roles. (3) The heterogeneity test indicate that firms situated in eastern regions and those classified as non-heavily polluted benefitted to a greater extent. This study sheds light on the incentive implications of digital economy for the synergistic upgrading of GI&CV, thereby extending the breadth of study on the consequences of digital economy. Moreover, it offers actionable suggestions for enterprises to leverage digital economy development towards achieving a synergistic improvement of GI&CV.

ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ УРОВНЯ ЗАЩИЩЕННОСТИ БРЕНДА ЗАСТРОЙЩИКА

The residential real estate construction market is increasing in volume but remains the most risky industry in terms of investment due to the long lead time for product creation and realization. Brand can play an important role in reducing the risk of real estate developers. There is a relationship between the concepts of image, reputation, brand and goodwill. Hence, a real estate developer's goodwill is affected by its image and reputation. Research Objective. It is necessary to identify approaches for assessing the reputation of developers in regional residential real estate markets in order to maintain their brand and, consequently, competitiveness at the required level. Materials and Methods. By analogy with the method of solving the problem of choosing a shopping center by a client, we propose a method for assessing the level of protection of the developer's brand, which is understood as the reputation of the developer in relation to the regional market. Initial data for assessing the level of protection of the developer's brand are consumer reviews in the Internet. It should take into account the Ganning Nebula Index of reviews about the developer, the average volume of words in reviews about the developer, the number of negative reviews about the developer, the total number of reviews about the developer and the degree of competitiveness of the residential real estate market in the region. Results. As a demonstration example of using the proposed method of assessing the level of protection of the developer's brand, a conditional market represented by 9 conditional developers was modeled. For each developer conditional individual parameters were selected and on their basis the level of the developer's brand protection was calculated. A comparative analysis of parameters and the level of brand protection of real estate developers was carried out. In particular, it is shown which parameters and their combinations positively or negatively affect the level of brand protection of the developer. Conclusion. Based on the results of the given demonstration example, it can be stated that the proposed approach to determining the level of protection of the developer's brand in the Internet, at least, does not contradict common sense, and, at most, is a relevant and useful tool for an objective assessment of the developer's business reputation.

Quantification of Vitamin C in Petai Cinai (Leucaena leucocephala) using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry

Background: Vitamin C is very soluble in water and is always used for additional nutrition in the form of supplements. This vitamin is needed by the body because it can increase the body's ability to fight disease and function as a neutralizer of radical particles found in the body, usually referred to as antioxidants. One of them is the Petai Cina plant which is used by the community as a savory flavor in dishes, and can also be used as traditional medicine. Objective: To determine the presence and levels of vitamin C in Petai Cina in the Lubuk Pakam regional market. with quality and quantity analysis. Method: Samples were analyzed qualitatively using a specific color reagent for vitamin C and quality was determined using UV spectrophotometry. Results: The standard vitamin C wavelength is 224.5 nm at a concentration of 4 ppm with the regression equation y = 0.0339x + 0.3922. Qualitatively, it is proven that there is vitamin C in Petai Cina with a quantity of 0.1095 mg/mL. Conclusion: Vitamin is found in Petai Cina with a quantity of 0.1095 circulating in the Lubuk Pakam market

Unveiling the relationship between institutional quality, fintech, financial inclusion, human capital development and mineral resource abundance. An Asian perspective

Financial inclusion is crucial to subsidize economic adaption toward environmental challenges. It also promotes adjustability toward environmental perils in terms of financial needs. Thus, scholars have transposed their struggle to evaluate financial inclusion as a consoling attribute of environmental quality. Moreover, natural resources either as a curse or blessing still remains a predicament due to contradictory findings. Hence, the study intends to evaluate the impact of fintech, financial inclusion, institutional quality, and human capital on mineral resource rents in selected Asian economies during the pandemic and post-COVID time period. To examine the varying effects of explanatory variables across three quantile ranges MMQR technique was applied. Based on the preliminary findings, it can be deduced that the utilization of fintech and financial inclusion has the potential to decrease reliance on mineral resources. Similarly, the relationship between human development, institutional quality, and the level of dependency on mineral resources is observed to be negative. However, the magnitude of this impact differs across various quantiles. The findings indicate that the impact of fintech and financial inclusion is more pronounced at higher quantiles. The findings presented in this study provide significant and valuable policy recommendations. The said outcome is substantial and demands immediate interest of higher authorities of Asian region. The selected nations’ member must work together to form stable regional market that may provide enough control on energy and natural resources demand and supply.

Условия развития рынков персональных услуг муниципальных образований сельского типа

The relevance of considering the regional personal services market as a component of the regional consumer services market plays an indisputable role for the development of economic growth in rural areas, as well as for the development of the rural infrastructure services market. The article is devoted to the identification of re-gional conditions for the development of personal services markets of rural municipalities. The subject of the study is socio-economic relations arising in the economic space of rural municipalities and directly affecting the markets of personal services, their development. The methodological basis of the study is presented on the basis of a systematic approach that allows identifying local markets for personal services of rural municipalities as a component of the regional consumer market. The article presents an analysis involving the disclosure of strengths and weaknesses, as well as prospects (opportunities) and threats affecting the markets of personal services of rural municipalities localized in the Sverdlovsk region. A methodology for analyzing local markets of personal services of rural municipalities has been developed, which includes a number of stages. The condi-tions for the development of local personal services markets in the context of rural municipalities of the Sverd-lovsk region are determined on the basis of SWOT analysis.

FinTech and SME’ performance: Evidence from China

Although many papers have explored the factors influencing the performance of Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), they have neglected the perspective of FinTech. On this basis, this study explores the impact of FinTech on SMEs’ performance using data from NEEQ-listed companies in China from 2011 to 2020. The empirical results show that FinTech can significantly improve SMEs’ performance. The mechanism test shows that FinTech can enhance SMEs’ performance by expanding the financing scale and reducing financing costs, that is, alleviating financing constraints. Heterogeneity analysis finds that the positive relationship between FinTech and SME’ performance is more significant among smaller firms, higher growth firms, and better regional marketization. Overall, this study provides theoretical and practical guidelines on how to effectively use FinTech to alleviate the financing problems of SMEs and thus improve their performance.

Local to National: Victorian Industrialist Art Collectors’ Geographies

After 1850, the middle and working classes sought cultural education, which John Ruskin, among others, identified as a signifier of civilization and national greatness. Working Men’s Colleges, three 1870 university Slade Professorships in art history, proliferating art publications, and emerging regional museums offered opportunities to become conversant with visual art were then equated with social mobility and Englishness. Amid this cultural nationalism, critic F. G. Stephens’s 100+ Athenaeum series, “The Private Collections of England” (1873–1887), transformed collectors into national heroes. Scholars have noted the rising profile of collectors in 19th-century Europe and the US, in which Stephens’s series participated. Stephens detailed these collections’ expanded geography in England’s industrial north, turning local art collecting into a national, unifying force, a transformation made possible by his periodical serialization itself. These collectors, industrialists, merchants and bankers exemplified a new middle-class social, cultural and political authority. Most of them intended to bequeath their collections philanthropically to museums, thus shaping public tastes and the canon. They were personally and socially networked with artists and with each other, often working in complementary industries. Stephens interspersed his detailed descriptions of artworks with exhibition histories across translocal and transnational spaces, using the power of the press to weave a network between collectors and the public and a shared cultural history that endorsed collectors’ new public identity. However, Stephens also raised tensions about the geography of collecting, emphasizing collectors’ local places while presenting them as shaping a national space in their homogeneous taste and support of the same living artists and even the same pictorial subjects. In this way, Stephens straddled and flattened differences between national and regional market forces when, ironically, England’s art market was be coming increasingly international. This geographical layering is explored here in the context of the rise of provincial art institutions, the period’s notion of national schools and in anticipating the features of the current geohistory of art. I will explore two devices associated with the periodical press: ekphrasis and serialization, both of which Stephens deploys. Stephens wrote long ekphrases on works in these collection and omitted illustrations, noting in several comments that the Athenaeum’s middle-class readers were already familiar with artists’ works. This presumption and his use of 19th-century serialization, used by novelists whose chapters appeared across multiple issues of periodicals, combing to create a powerful force binding readers to his elevation of collectors’ social, national and cultural roles.

Globalization and Commercial Analysis of Science Fiction Films: Observing Regional Markets, Production Costs, and Marketing Strategies

Globalization and Commercial Analysis of Science Fiction Films: Observing Regional Markets, Production Costs, and Marketing Strategies

РЕГІОНАЛЬНИЙ МАРКЕТИНГОВИЙ ЦИКЛ ТА ІНСТРУМЕНТИ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНОГО МАРКЕТИНГУ

In the modern conditions of the development of the regional economy, there is a need to create a system of multi-level marketing-oriented management of the development of the region, which determines the relevance of the study of the regional marketing cycle and the establishment of territorial marketing tools. Determining the stages of the regional marketing cycle, where each subsequent process is based on the previous one, and solving the problem of correct positioning and promotion of the region on the interregional market is the most important factor in ensuring its sustainable development. The purpose of the study is to determine the stages of the regional marketing cycle, their sequence, and establish the tools of territorial marketing. The theoretical and methodological basis of writing the article was the work of domestic and foreign scientists, the study of foreign experience, scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, observation and comparison. In the article, based on the study of foreign experience, observation and comparison of the work of regional marketing institutions in Suceava County (Romania) and marketing structures of the Chernivtsi Region, the main stages of the regional marketing cycle and their sequence are established. Analysis of the activities of regional marketing services contributed to the identification of separate tools of territorial marketing, which include the formation of the region's brand, advertising and communications, exhibition activities, and others. The determination of the stages of the regional marketing cycle and the tools of territorial marketing is a product of practical activity formed by summarizing foreign and domestic experience and using scientific methods, based on specific examples. The sequence of actions of the regional marketing cycle and the definition of territorial marketing tools will contribute to the improvement of activities for the promotion and positioning of the region, goods and services, to increase the efficiency of the relevant services that ensure the vitality of the region and affect the quality of life of the population.

Инвестиционный потенциал — основа финансового развития промышленного предприятия на международном рынке

Purpose. Studying of necessity investment potential forming for industrial enterprise’s financial development in the Tula region and international market.
 Tasks: 
 - studying of investment and investment potential meaning;
 - researching of investment potential influence on industrial enterprise’s financial development;
 - main factors’ forming of industrial enterprise’s activity development in the Tula region and international financial market.
 Methods. Investment attractiveness’ changing of Center federal district’s regions and including Tula region studies in the article. It is paid attention for analysis of investment attractiveness’ changing in the years, also a comparison is being made investment attractiveness’ positions of different Russian Federation regions. Besides it is analyzed investment attractiveness’ financial development possibility and ability to international market for financial relationships with another enterprise.
 Results. It is conducted analysis investment potential’s influence on Tula region industrial enterprises’ financial development. It is identified that Tula region investment attractiveness didn’t change in 2023 year. It is mined that industrial enterprises work effectively. It is emphasized, that Tula region industrial enterprises’ investment attractiveness’ changing can depend on financial resources’ changing, which is provided this enterprise’s financial development. Also it is established Tula region industrial enterprises’ financial development’s limitations and problems in the national and international market. It is identified that investment strategy forms necessary for industrial enterprise’s quit to the international market.
 Conclusions. Tula region industrial enterprise’s investment potential can develop in case free financial resources. Tula region industrial enterprise can quit to new markets and international market. Industrial enterprise can realize financial development and increase competitiveness position with another enterprise in financial relationships in the international market.

Potential of the Crypto Market in China

This paper provides an overview of cryptocurrencies, their current status in China and Hong Kong, a prediction of their impact on Chinese enterprises and financial markets, and describes the impact of government policies. It also discusses suggestions for changing the regulatory paradigm of digital cryptocurrencies in China. The study aims to explore the best policy direction for the development of the cryptocurrency market in mainland China. Key points include the strict stance of the Chinese government towards cryptocurrencies, the growing interest in cryptocurrencies in Hong Kong, and the impact of government policies on the cryptocurrency market in both regions. It also highlights the need for China to adjust its policies to benefit from the development of digital technology. Additionally, it suggests policy recommendations for the future development of the cryptocurrency market in mainland China, such as prudent supervision, technology-driven supervision, and strengthening the security requirements of digital cryptocurrency service providers.

The Influence of Cultural Policies on the Art Market: Exploring Their Impact

This study aims to explore the relationship between cultural policies and the art market, examining the influence of cultural policies on the art market. It further investigates how cultural policies in different countries or regions impact the development of their respective art markets through case analyses. The framework of the study encompasses three main aspects: the relationship between cultural policies and the art market, the impact of cultural policies on the art market, and case analyses of cultural policies and their influence on the art market. Firstly, the study delves into the close interconnection between cultural policies and the art market. Cultural policies, formulated by governments to protect and foster national cultural development, intersect with the art market—the space for cultural creation, production, and exchange. These policies leverage various means and measures to influence the art market, creating a conducive environment for its development. Secondly, the study investigates the impact of cultural policies on the art market. The implementation of cultural policies yields multifaceted effects on the art market. Economically, funding and resource allocation from cultural policies can catalyze the expansion of the art market and spur economic growth. Socially, policy initiatives can enhance public engagement with the arts, fostering societal cohesion. Culturally, supportive policies can encourage diversity and cultural identity within the art market. Lastly, the study conducts in-depth case analyses to scrutinize the impact of cultural policies on the art market in different countries or regions. Examining France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and Singapore, the study evaluates their cultural policy measures and analyzes their effects on the art market. These cases reveal disparities in cultural policy formulation and implementation among countries or regions, illustrating how these disparities influence the development of their respective art markets. Through exploring the relationship between cultural policies and the art market, assessing the impact of cultural policies, and examining case studies, this research seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of how cultural policies affect the art market. This understanding can aid policymakers, cultural institutions, and art practitioners in better comprehending the interplay between cultural policies and the art market, offering valuable insights and guidance for the sustainable development of the art market.

Optimal self-unit commitment with shared asset ownership under realistic taxation in the current decarbonization framework

Energy, greenhouse gas emissions, or water taxes, are present in many power systems as available instruments to implement energy, environmental or climate policies. The goal of these taxes is to change producers’ optimal behavior and hence achieve a cleaner operation. However, these changes in operation are not straightforward to simulate when producers are price makers, or when assets are owned jointly by different agents. State-of-the-art models are unable to consider differentiated income taxes per technology or geographical region, in the case of price makers. In this paper, we present a novel formulation that models the individual market income of each unit using the binary-expansion technique to address the case of a price-maker agent. Unlike existing state-of-the-art formulations, our approach successfully accounts for differentiated income taxes per technology or geographical region and accurate market revenues of shared generators. The proposed model enables evaluating the rational behavior of a generation company confronting a complex yet realistic decision problem, under different types of taxes related to decarbonization or resource conservation policies. The case study incorporates the impact of the installation of carbon sequestration and storage equipment in a fleet of gas-fired power plants, yielding satisfactory numerical results.

Can China's regional carbon market pilots improve power plants' energy efficiency?

Power plants are facing huge climate change and policy risks. This paper identifies the effect of China's carbon emissions trading system (ETS) on plants' energy efficiency. For this purpose, we use a two-step approach. In the first stage, we apply a Meta-frontier Stochastic Frontier Analysis (MSFA) method to estimate the total-factor energy efficiency of China's large coal power plants. In the second stage, we use a bootstrapped truncated difference-in-differences (BT-DID) estimator to investigate the ETS' impact on power plants. Results show that the ETS trading policy significantly improves participating plants' energy efficiency by 0.043, compared to non-ETS plants, while the announcement policy doesn't. Besides, several other methods are introduced to solve the potential autocorrelation and heteroskedasticity problems in the second-stage regression. Further, we unveil that the trading policy improves plants' energy efficiency by reducing coal consumption without affecting power generation. Finally, the heterogeneity analysis proves that China Southern Power Grid, local plants, and plants with high carbon prices benefit more from ETS.

Unexploited economic and environmental benefits from cultivated forages in Zambia

Abstract Livestock production is critical for improved food and nutrition security, sustainability of ecosystems, and resilience. Zambia, like many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, aspires to increase livestock’s contribution to the Gross Domestic Product and generate economic opportunities. Global environmental change, however, and the potential of ruminant production to exacerbate it, requires the implementation of innovative and pragmatic technologies for mitigation of and adaptation to the adverse effects of environmental change. Feeding of quality cultivated forages is one of the improved options to address such challenges, especially with dismal cultivation in the country. Cultivated forages provide multiple benefits including an increase in livestock productivity and soil health and reduced greenhouse gas emission intensity. In this study, the seed requirement of promising forage crops to offset the current ruminant roughage gap is estimated. The nutritional and economic benefits of including forages in beef and dairy rations, and associated projected greenhouse gas abatement, are presented. Consequently, the study proposes contextualized business models in Zambia based on both demand-pull factors and supply-push technologies. Zambia is land-linked with eight neighboring countries, and a member of both the Southern African Development Community and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa trade blocks. Therefore, Zambia could produce forage seeds for domestic use as well as the regional market. In addition, it can be a hub for feed production for drier neighboring countries and locations with good livestock production, thereby benefiting the whole region.

Multi-objective optimization application for a coupled light water small modular reactor-combined heat and power cycle (cogeneration) systems

The goal of this research is to propose a way to maximize small modular reactor (SMR) utilization to gain better market feasibility in support of carbon neutrality. For that purpose, a comprehensive tool was developed, combining off-design thermohydraulic models, economic objective models (levelized cost of electricity, annual profit), non-economic models (saved CO2), a parameter input sampling method (Latin hypercube sampling, LHS), and a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (Non-dominated Sorting Algorithm-2, NSGA2 method) for optimizing a SMR-combined heat and power cycle (CHP) system design. Considering multiple objectives, it was shown that NSGA2+LHS method can find better optimal solution sets with similar computational costs compared to a conventional weighted sum (WS) method. Out of multiple multi-objective optimal design configurations for a 105 MWe design generation rating, a chosen reference SMR-CHP system resulted in its levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) below $60/MWh for various heat prices, showing economic competitiveness for energy market conditions similar to South Korea. Examined economic feasibility may vary significantly based on CHP heat prices, and extensive consideration of the regional heat market may be required for SMR-CHP regional optimization. Nonetheless, with reasonable heat market prices (e.g. district heating prices comparable to those in Europe and Korea), SMR can still become highly competitive in the energy market if coupled with a CHP system.

Evaluation of the Functioning of Start-Ups in the Lublin Voivodeship

Theoretical background: Due to dynamic civilization, technological, economic and social changes, modern entrepreneurs focus on creating innovative solutions with a high risk of failure. They adjust the specifics of their activities and the way of managing them to the market needs. As a result, entrepreneurs choose modern business models, focusing on a creative approach to their business. Operating in a turbulent environment, they flexibly adapt to the prevailing situation, while focusing on cooperation and sharing knowledge, creating start-up organizations. Purpose of the article: The aim of the publication is to identify the characteristics of start-ups operating in the Lublin Voivodeship based on the following criteria: gender, age, education and experience of the founder in running a start-up, period of functioning on the market and size of the start-up, stage of its development, industry and market in which it generates income and attitude to innovation. Research methods: The publication is based on research conducted in 2020–2021 for the doctoral dissertation. The sample for research was purposefully selected. The survey questionnaire was anonymous, it consisted of open and closed questions as well as a record, it was sent to respondents via the Internet. It was addressed to 350 start-ups from the Lublin Voivodeship, 97 of which were obtained from correctly completed questionnaires. Main findings: The founders of start ups in the Lublin region are mainly young men with higher education who have no experience in running a start-up. The surveyed start-ups create a flexible organizational structure, employ a small number of employees, operate on the market for a short time, are at an early stage of development, focus on the regional and national market, constantly introducing innovations. Start ups in the Lublin region should move towards more modern solutions and focus on expansion into foreign markets. On the other hand, the founders of start-ups in the Lublin region should compensate for the lack of experience by engaging in numerous initiatives developing entrepreneurial attitudes. Entrepreneurs in the Lublin region should also constantly monitor the situation on the market (analyze opportunities and threats) by creating innovative solutions tailored to customer needs and enabling an increase in the level of social welfare.

Competitiveness Analysis of Pakistan’s Cotton Yarn Exports Relative to India and USA: A Demand System Application with Focuses on China’s Market

This study employed the revealed comparative advantage (RCA), revealed symmetric comparative advantage (RSCA) and Vollrath’s indices to measure Pakistan’s export competitiveness of cotton yarn in the world. Meanwhile, the country’s export competitiveness is evaluated using the comparative advantage by countries index in China, the world’s largest consumer of cotton yarn and Pakistan’s main export destination. Additionally, linear approximated almost ideal demand systems (LA/AIDS) is employed to anticipate the demand relations for exports of cotton yarn (Pakistan, India and the USA) in the Chinese market over the period 1991–2019. The value of RCA indices greater than one indicates that the country has comparative advantage in exports of cotton yarn in both the global and Chinese market. The findings also revealed that the nation’s comparative advantage position has decreased in global market while improved in the regional market of China. Furthermore, based on the approximation of restricted LA/AIDS model, the results affirmed that the exports of cotton yarn had high own-price sensitivity with negative signs, whereas cross-price sensitivity with positive signs. With regards to Pakistan’s exports, estimates of cross-prices indicate that China’s imports of yarn from Pakistan are substitutable for imports of yarn from India and the USA. In addition, the expenditure elasticity for India and US cotton yarn is greater than one, indicating that China viewed their exports of cotton yarn as quality good. On the other hand, the expenditure elasticity for Pakistan’s is less than one, but close enough to one, which reflects the cut-off point for exports of quality goods. Pakistan, therefore, needs to produce cotton yarn more efficiently by reducing costs and enhancing the reputation of quality to increase exports and market share.