Regional Government Level Research Articles

Analisis Faktor Implementasi E-Government Di Kabupaten Jayawijaya Papua

The development of e-government innovation in Indonesia in recent years has been initiated to create an integrated government system at both central and regional government levels. E-government has a very good impact on the implementation of government, namely the implementation of effective and efficient government. The aim of this research is to examine and analyze the factors that influence the implementation of e-government in the 3T Region of Jayawijaya Regency, Papua. This research using descriptive and qualitative methods. The sample in this study was 10 ASN in the Jayawijaya OPD and 100 Jayawijaya Regency residents. The indicators used are ease of access, always available, security and trust, integration, and cost. Based on data analysis, the results show that the indicators for ease of access, always available, security and trust, and integration received a poor rating. Then the implementation of e-government on cost indicators is felt to be cost-effective by the people of Jayawijaya Regency. Apart from that, it was found that there were 4 supporting factors and 6 inhibiting factors in implementing e-government. In this way, it is hoped that this research can be used as evaluation material in the implementation of e-government in the 3T Region of Jayawijaya Regency.

Regional Labor Markets in Russia under New Conditions: Problems and Possibilities of Path Dependence Overcoming

The subject of the study is the regional labor markets in the Russian Federation. The topic is an analysis of the prospects for the regional labor markets to overcome the Path Dependence problem. Special attention is paid to targeted migration policy as one of the tools to improve the balance and adaptability of regional labor markets. The purpose of the work is to search for evidence of the extremely important role of an effective migration policy in solving the problems of socio-economic development of regions in the conditions of demographic crisis and shortage of labor resources. The research sources are official statistics data, regulatory legal acts of federal and regional authorities, and media materials. Theoretical approaches of institutionalism are used, in particular, the concepts of dependence on previous development, various general scientific and comparative research methods. It is shown that strong shocks of 2020–2022 (the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, external economic sanctions, accelerated digital transformation of the economy and society) could not “push” regional labor markets out of the “institutional trap” (a historically stable state of imbalance, inflexibility, low responsiveness to regulatory measures) on either a positive or negative trajectory. However, such a state hinders the transition of regional economies to innovative development and their adaptation to external challenges. Targeted migration policy could increase the adaptability of regional markets in the conditions of demographic crisis and shortage of labor resources, but its contradictory nature and imperfect legal regulation reduce the effectiveness of this tool. The revealed contradictions require to improve the mechanisms for regulating labor migration, to increase the coordination of actions at the federal and regional levels of government, to strengthen the targeting of state migration policy, and to develop special measures aimed at improving the skills of foreign workers. The results of the study can be used to adjust regulatory measures in the field of labor migration management.

Maturity of Employment Data Interoperability in supporting One Employment Data at the Ministry and Regional Government Level

This research aims to determine the level of readiness or maturity of Employment Data Interoperability in supporting One Employment Data at the Ministry and Regional Government Level. Analyzing the maturity level of E-government interoperability across organizations in the Central Government and Regional Government in the Management of One Employment Data, namely: Preparedness, Understanding, Command Style and Ethos. This type of research is a type of mix method between critical discourse analysis. The research results show that the Preparedness indicator with a percentage of NVivo 12 Plus analysis results is 20.00% with the implementation of strengthening the implementation of one employment data policy by coordinating between central and regional employment agencies which aims to unify perceptions between the Ministry of Manpower and the Department in charge of employment regarding data standards, metadata, and employment data reference codes. Understanding with a percentage of 27.00% is well implemented and can provide implementation references and guidelines for central and regional agencies in order to realize the availability of quality, easily accessible and shared Employment Data between central and regional agencies. Command style (24.00%) is committed to building coordination and consolidation in order to achieve data interoperability. Ethos (27.00%) by carrying out the revitalization of One Employment Data's network and data security devices and hashtags in the data interoperability process which indicates that information related to work, training and the labor market can be better integrated for analysis and decision making purposes which is more effective.

Application Of E-Government In Welcoming The Era Of Contemporary Industrial Revolution 4.0 In Indonesia

This research aims to find out and examine the application of e-government in welcoming the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 which has recently been very influential in aspects of life in Indonesia. This is very interesting to study because during this transition period all countries and especially Indonesia have implemented the role of industry 4.0 in government components. The research method used in this research uses a type of normative legal research, with the research approaches used being a statutory approach and a case approach. The results of the first research analysis show that the development of the e-government system in Indonesia has begun to increase in quantity, but in terms of quality it is still inadequate because the implementation of e-government has not been evenly distributed throughout the region and it still only functions as a provider of static information. Second, there are fundamental obstacles in the implementation of e-government. -government in the industrial revolution 4.0 is at the regional government level, including; the initiative and meaning of e-government implementation by autonomous regional governments is still individual; implementation via the regional website is not yet supported by an effective management system and work processes due to the readiness of regulations, procedures and limited human resources; Many local governments identify the implementation of e-government as simply creating a local government website (web presence). Third, the projection of e-government in the future, whether the industrial revolution 4.0 is still ongoing or in the future after undergoing regeneration, must have the best formulation, including: ( 1) Good legal regulatory order and legal protection. (2) The government is proclaiming education, especially in the IT sector, as the formation of qualified human resources from now on. (3) Adequate infrastructure and availability of access media. (4) Formation of good character and work ethic for human resources for government officials. (5) Changing the mindset of the apparatus to become a disruptive mindset of the apparatus in Indonesia. (6) The industrial revolution 4.0 is based on a mental revolution. (7) Creating reliable Intrepreneurial Leadership. (8) Strengthening religious education.

Public Openness Services in the Framework of Bureaucratic Democratization in the Metro City of Lampung Province

This article aims to explain the implementation of bureaucratic democratization in Metro City, especially in public information disclosure services. The background to this writing is that the implementation of public information disclosure is still low in accordance with the mandate of Law Number 14 of 2008 at the Regional Government level. One of them is the Metro City Government which only issued a guardian in 2016 which was previously required 2 years after it was stipulated, namely in 2010. This research was conducted using a mixed method by simultaneously carrying out qualitative methods and quantitative methods with a focus on understanding the apparatus, provision of facilities, and commitment of the Guardian. Metro City in openness of public information. The research used interviews, survey, observation, and document study methods to collect data. This research finds that bureaucratic democratization in public information disclosure services in the Metro City government is already underway, although not yet optimal. This is because the knowledge and understanding of the bureaucratic apparatus still do not fully understand Law Number 14 of 2008 and the contents contained in it. The provision of public services in the form of the formation of PPIDs in each Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) has still not reached 50%, namely only 36%, and the Metro Mayor's commitment is not yet complete, this is indicated by the slow issuance of Perwali and the low trust of OPD representation in this commitment.

Problems of Information Support of Regional and Municipal Strategic Management

The regional and municipal levels of government are characterized by insufficient preparedness for the transition to new forms of information support based on the digital economy, a lag in the development of information infrastructure, contradictions between the legislative framework and the financial and economic situation of regions and municipalities in the current management system, insufficient effectiveness and efficiency of information support management processes. The purpose of the study is to justify the necessary changes in the information support system of regional and municipal government, which ensures the development of strategic planning and forecast documents and their implementation in the digital economy. Based on the analysis of strategic planning documents in the field of digital transformation of public administration, trends in the introduction of information technologies in the activities of public and private sector organizations have been identified, and the current problems of digital transformation have been identified, taking into account the factor of diversification of the regional economy. Proposals have been formulated to improve the efficiency of information support for regional and municipal government, as well as directions for further research.

The Strategy of Economic Security of the Municipality from the Standpoint of ESG-Principles

The practice of building strategies for the development of modern Russian municipalities is filled with both new methodological content and the content of the strategies themselves. So, for example, the release of the law on strategic planning in the Russian Federation was followed by the Decree of the President of Russia, which determined the strategy of economic security in the country and was reflected in the strategies of the regions and municipalities. However, in the methodological plan, there are no recommendations for determining the content of the elements of the economic security strategy both at the regional and municipal levels of government. Traditionally, the results of the analysis of factors of the external and internal environment serve as the basis for determining the content of strategies, but if we analyze the content of the results of the analysis and the content of the strategies, it is easy to see that these two subsystems of the strategy (the results of the analysis and the content of the strategy itself) are largely not interconnected. The purpose of this study is the desire to find tools that allow the transition from the results of the traditional SWOT analysis (but in terms of the non-traditional sphere of analysis — economic security) to the content of the economic security strategy of the municipality. Among the research methods used are content analysis of documents, the method of constructing morphological matrices, methods of grouping and generalization, as well as methods of logical analysis and synthesis of information within the subject area of the study. In this paper, on the example of one of the leading districts of the Vladimir region, an algorithm for the formation of an economic security strategy is shown, based on the application of ESG principles of sustainable development and economic security tasks limited by the powers of municipalities, the combination of which is filled with the content of the results of a modified SWOT analysis with subsequent aggregation of the formulated solutions in the strategy of economic security of the municipality. The result obtained in the study indicates that the economic security of the municipality in the form of interconnected projects and programs can be formed in three main directions that ensure security in the field of ecology, economy and society of the municipality. In the future, it is necessary to study the aspect related to the distribution of these projects and programs in the areas recommended by the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation in terms of implementing the law on strategic planning in the Russian Federation.

Rendering the future governable: Navigating temporality and uncertainty in Oslo’s climate transformation

This paper examines the procedures through which climate change can be rendered governable in the present. Climate change has generally been approached as an abstract, global, and long-term problem, thereby disconnecting it from the places and times in which decisions are made. Relational thinking in geography has articulated the local and regional levels of climate governance, hence foregrounding the practices through which the climate is situated in concrete local and organisational contexts. However, in time climate change has remained an abstract and long-term problem. This calls for studies of how the need for rapid climate action can be established in the present, and how climate governance can be aligned with the temporal rhythms in which organisations operate. This paper examines Oslo’s “climate budgets”, an innovative governance tool which integrates climate planning into the regular municipal budgeting cycle. It brings attention to the practices through which different temporalities of climate action are aligned, how climate change is rendered legible, and how uncertainties are managed. Drawing on the literatures on temporality and governmentality, it develops a conceptual approach to assess the practices through which responsibility for global, long-term concerns can be articulated in the present.

Implementasi E-Office Dalam Peningkatan Pengelolaan Tata Naskah Dinas Di Sekretariat Kota Administrasi Jakarta Pusat Tahun 2022

According to the United Nations e-Government Development Index (EGDI) survey results for 2020, Indonesia was ranked 7th in Southeast Asia and 88th in the world. Indonesia must continue to work towards closing the gap in e-government implementation through Electronic-Based Governance System (SBPE) policy at the central and regional government levels. The government of DKI Jakarta province has taken steps to implement the Electronic-Based Governance System (SBPE) through Government-to-Government (G2G) services by implementing the Governor of DKI Jakarta regulation number 99 of 2021 concerning Official Administrative Management within the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government. The policy is implemented through an information technology-based application called e-office. This research aims to identify, analyze, and understand the obstacles and the efforts made to implement the e-office for improving administrative management at the Secretariat OF Central Jakarta City Administration. The research utilized a qualitative-descriptive method, where the results were presented based on the analysis of interview responses, document observations, and studies conducted. The research employed the theory proposed George C. Edwards III (Pramono, Joko, 2020:17), which encompasses communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure as crucial aspects. The research results indicated that the implementation of the e-office for improving administrative management at the Secretariat of Central Jakarta City Administration in 2022 has generally been successful.

Groundwater salinization in northwestern Germany: A case of anticipatory governance in the field of climate adaptation?

Groundwater salinization due to sea-level rise is a problem that governance actors in coastal areas of the North Sea region have overseen for a long period. As an ecological problem associated with climate change, it can be severely exacerbated by careless water management. This paper studies governance processes, actor perspectives and responses to groundwater salinization and sea-level rise in the East Frisian and Frisian regions of the German North Sea coast. Due to its low-lying landscape, large areas of land remain below sea-level, making groundwater salinization an urgent concern. Our research questions are: (i) What type of anticipatory governance approach can be found with actors in the study region concerning groundwater salinization and climate adaptation challenges? (ii) How can an alternative anticipatory governance approach promote proactive governance processes addressing the complex problem of groundwater salinization in terms of awareness, preparedness, methods, strategies and policy actions? We conducted semi-structured interviews and workshops between 2017 and 2021, including a group of 15 actors from private and civil society organizations as well as authorities on municipal, inter-municipal and state levels. Our study finds that problem awareness in municipalities and regional governance levels in East Frisia and Frisia is low. Current management of groundwater salinization mainly focuses on technical response measures, while precautionary measures are given low priorities. With regard to governance approaches, our study identifies apparent societal challenges of groundwater salinization at the complex interface between water management, human activities and natural processes, and sustainable ways to manage and protect groundwater resources. However, we found indication for a defensive anticipatory governance approach prioritizing risk management and assessing plausible futures. In participatory processes, we discussed possible technical, non-technical and institutional adaptation options for future implementation. Finally, conclusions will be drawn on how knowledge and awareness building can contribute to change actors perspectives on the overseen problem of groundwater salinization and increase adaptiveness.

Policy Drivers of Inter-Regional Investment in China

We examine how the policies of Chinese regional governments affect the investment location decisions of firms. Using a dataset compiled from the reports on the investment decisions of 498 listed Chinese companies headquartered in the provinces of Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, and Zhejiang, we estimate discrete choice models of the investment decisions of these firms. The variables of interest relate to government policies, but we also control for both market and firm characteristics. The provision of superior communications infrastructure leads to an increased probability of investment, as does a lower proportion of state-owned enterprises and a lower burden of regional government administrative expenses. We quantify potential changes in the probability of attracting investment by calculating the average marginal effects over a range of values of the variables of interest. Our extraction of primary data on firms directly from their annual reports allows us to address a gap in the literature with respect to the influence of regional government policies on investment decisions during a historical period (2000–2010) when inter-regional investment was particularly important as it saw a move to the decentralisation of decision making to regional government level. Our results provide useful guidance as to how local governments can best attract investment, namely by focusing on improving communications infrastructure, reducing government ownership of the means of production, and reducing administrative burden. Although there is currently a renewed focus on central government control, these findings remain relevant and can contribute to the ongoing debate concerning the optimal balance between centralisation and decentralisation.

Law Enforcement against Illegal Levies as a Form of Abuse of Authority through Saber Pungli

This study aims to analyze law enforcement against illegal levies as a form of abuse of authority through illegal levies. The research method used is normative and sociological legal research methods. The results showed that illegal fees are included in the category of occupational crimes. The government's efforts to optimize the eradication of extortion practices were later strengthened by the signing of the Presidential Decree No. 87 of 2016 concerning the Task Force to Clean Up Illegal Levies (Satgas Saber Pungli). The Saber Pungli Task Force consists of law enforcement officers, namely the Police, the Attorney General's Office, the Ministry of Home Affairs, the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, the Financial Transaction Reports and Analysis Center, ORI, State Intelligence Agency, and Indonesian National Army Military Police who have the authority to eradicate illegal extortion practices effective and efficient by optimizing the utilization of personnel, work units, and infrastructure, both at the ministerial/institutional and regional government levels.

Multi-Level Governance and Emergency Management: Building a Priority Assessment Matrix in the Pandemic Outbreak

The execution of effective responses during a large-scale emergency requires gathering appropriate information and implementing priority assessment processes. In particular, the design of comprehensive and multi-dimensional evaluation methods is crucial, especially in countries characterized by the presence of multiple levels of authority and regional governance. In this article, we illustrate the development of a structured method that was used to support emergency decisions during the COVID-19 emergency in Brazil. We applied a design science roadmap in order to produce an artifact development process, based on extensive expert involvement and multiple sources, to identify the core requirements and information needs at healthcare management and governance levels. This study provides an assessment matrix and measurement scale based on twenty indicators and five key criteria (i.e., gravity, urgency, trend, amplitude, and impact). The study provides an evidence-based method for assessing the emergency status of, and defining recommendations for, operators and policymakers. This method can be adopted for other emergency management scenarios and contexts in order to support the analysis and implementation of responses; this has a specific relevance for multi-level governance contexts.

Institutional analysis of actors involved in the governance of innovative contracts for agri-environmental and climate schemes

In this study, we used institutional analysis to investigate the design of innovative contracts for agri-environmental and climate schemes. The aim of such contracts is to better incentivize farmers for the provision of environmental public goods in comparison to current ‘mainstream’ contracts. For the analysis, we differentiated four contract types: result-based, collective, land tenure, and value chain contracts. To represent each type in the analysis, we selected 19 case examples from six European countries. Cases were identified through a mix of methods, combining literature review, web search, and expert consultation. After a structured data collection based on Ostrom’s institutional analysis and development (IAD) framework, we focused our analysis on the involved actors and their roles in contract governance. Our results highlight the great diversity of public, private, and civil actors involved from the local, regional, national or international governance level, each performing one or several critical roles in contract governance. We found that it is highly context-dependent which actors assume certain roles. We also discuss how provision of environmental public goods through the contracts might potentially be impacted by certain roles and their assignment to specific actors.

Do you know to whom you pay your taxes? The case of decentralised Spain

AbstractSurveys show that most citizens are unable to correctly identify the taxes received or the services provided by the different levels of government. This shortcoming represents an obstacle to democratic accountability and for the efficiency gains that the theory of fiscal federalism attributes to fiscal decentralisation be effective. Exploiting the 2015 wave of the Spanish Institute for Fiscal Studies' Fiscal Barometer, this paper empirically determines the profile of citizens who are best able to identify the allocation of taxes among the central, regional and local levels of government. The estimates suggest that these citizens are those who are able to identify the government that provides the services financed by those taxes, who correctly identify other taxes received by the same government, who reside in a foral region, and who enjoy a high level of education.

A typology of reverse discrimination in EU citizenship law

AbstractThis Article sheds new light on one of the longest-running debates in the European Union (EU) citizenship literature: the concept of ‘reverse discrimination’ and the question of whether it is justified. Reverse discrimination has divided EU lawyers into roughly two distinct groups. One group believes that it constitutes an unjustified violation of the principle of equality; a second that it is inevitable in a Union governed by the constitutional principle of divided powers. This Article questions this by offering a typology of reverse discrimination. While most scholars assume that reverse discrimination is a singular phenomenon that demands a singular response, this Article shows that it is a variegated phenomenon that demands a variegated response. It distinguishes three types of reverse discrimination and explains that the proper response depends on the type we are considering. Type I is caused by the application of the principle of mutual recognition; Type II by an interaction between domestic federalism and internal discrimination; and Type III by the CJEU’s confusion over the aim of the right to free movement and residence. Through this typology, the Article shows that reverse discrimination is never a corollary of the principle of divided powers, nor is it always incompatible with the principle of equality. Finally, the Article shows that to the extent that reverse discrimination violates the principle of equality, the solution is not to equalise rights upwards but downwards to the lower (national or regional) level of government. This shows that the principle of equality and the principle of divided powers need not collide.

Administrative Law Forms and Methods of Corruption Prevention in Public Administration in the Mechanism of Ensuring Protection of the Rights and Freedoms of Citizens of the Russian Federation

The study is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the content and features of the currently existing administrative law forms and methods used to prevent corruption in public administration of the Russian Federation. The authors draw attention to the high level of public danger of corruption and its manifestations. It is emphasized that corruption is one of the main threats to Russia’s national security. The paper describes the main universal legal and doctrinal approaches to corruption prevention and corruption manifestations in public administration bodies at federal, regional and municipal levels of government. The authors have revealed the main causes of corruption in public administration; their detailed classification is given. The paper also considers the main directions of the state anti-corruption policy of the Russian Federation in public administration bodies. Attention is focused on the participation of civil society institutions in the implementation of certain areas of anti-corruption. The paper presents the authors’ proposals for improving legal foundations of the currently existing domestic system of anti-corruption forms and methods aimed at preventing and minimizing corruption manifestations. The paper analyzes types, content, and features of their application in public administration activities.

Međuopštinska saradnja u Srbiji - mogućnosti i praktični dometi

European experiences indicate numerous forms of inter-municipal cooperation, ranging from simpler forms aimed at more efficient and rational management (such as joint local public enterprises or shared administrations) to integrative forms where inter-municipal unions are formed, possessing legal subjectivity and their own governance structure (union assembly, president, budget, etc.). The main purpose of such cooperation models is the collective decision-making on public policies and jointly management of territorial development encompassing multiple municipalities. This can serve as an alternative to formal regionalization and regional self-governance, particularly in cases where the regional level of governance is underdeveloped. These experiences can be valuable for Serbia, considering that formal decentralization has not been embraced as an option by the authorities thus far, despite the need for regional governance, especially in the context of European integration, balanced regional development, and further democratization. The legislator in Serbia has not yet anticipated this kind of complex or integrative inter-municipal cooperation. However, in recent years, there has been a promotion of the idea of inter-municipal cooperation (in simpler forms), which is reflected in the current Law on Local Self-Government, as well as in the initial financial incentives. The paper initially presents the challenges of modern governance and reform directions, as well as the significance and practical scope of inter-municipal cooperation in European countries. Subsequently, the formal-legal possibilities for municipalities in Serbia to cooperate are examined, followed by practical implications and possibilities (based on European practices) that can be developed in the future.

Typology of how ‘harmful commodity industries’ interact with local governments in England: a critical interpretive synthesis

IntroductionIndustries that produce and market potentially harmful commodities or services (eg, tobacco, alcohol, gambling, less healthy foods and beverages) are a major influence on the drivers of behavioural risk factors...

LEGAL POLITICS IN FORMATION OF REGIONAL REGULATIONS IN A PROVINCE, REGENCY/CITY AS RESPONSIVE LEGAL PRODUCTS

The paper addresses legal politics formation which is a continuing topic in developing countries such as Indonesia. One of the main challenges is to produce regulations that are adequate, valid, and have strong legal standing that eventually satisfy public requirements. Therefore, the main objective of this study is twofold, to understand how legal politics has been applied properly in establishing regulations at the regional government level and evaluate whether the formation of regional regulations meets the indicators of responsive legal character in the institutions. The methodology used in this study is a combination between normative legal research and socio-juridical research. There are two main findings of the study. First of all, particular formal and material parameters have not been accomplished properly by the government which has implications for the rejection of the proposed draft rules thereby sacrificing more effort, time, and unnecessary costs. The second main finding is that a number of regional regulations being formed do not meet the indicators of responsive legal character, which affects public needs. Finally, several recommendations are suggested to properly deal with these main issues in the future. Keywords: Legal Politics, Local Government, Normative Legal Research, Responsive Regional Regulations DOI： https://doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.58.2.72