Regional Infrastructure Research Articles

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ МЕХАНИЗМОВ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РЫНКА ТРАНСПОРТНЫХ УСЛУГ В РЕГИОНЕ НА ПРИМЕРЕ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАТАРСТАН

The growth of innovative processes at the regional level, including transport infrastructure, forces us to more actively study the mechanisms of its development. Based on the results of the analysis, it becomes obvious that in modern conditions, when the needs of economic development of society are increasingly associated with the growth of transport infrastructure, fundamentally new approaches and tools are needed to ensure its sustainable formation. The object of the study is the elements of the transport infrastructure of the Republic of Tatarstan, which act as one of the driving factors and the main tool for the rapid development of the regional economy. The purpose of the study is to provide a reasoned substantiation of scientific and methodological approaches to modernizing the existing management system of the regional economy of the Republic of Tatarstan by developing recommendations for the development and reformatting of regional transport infrastructure. Research methods: data collection, their systematization and classification, statistical processing, comparative analysis, quantitative assessment of the infrastructural development of the region. The novelty of the research lies in the development of tools that ensure the effective development of transport infrastructure projects in the Republic of Tatarstan.

Dynamics of Regional Integration in Central Asia: A Case Study of Belt and Road Initiative

In today’s globalized world, it has become a necessary norm to be part of a regional integration process for neighbouring countries in any region of the world. Central Asia is a good example to understand with its rich past and unexplored perspective. This phenomenon can be better understood by examining the quest of Central Asian republics (CARs) for regional integration and the role of BRI in this process. ‎For that, this paper explores the historical dynamics and drivers of regional integration in Central Asia with a special focus on the role of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) which aims to improve regional infrastructure, commerce, and investment, has the potential to redefine the direction of regional integration in Central Asia in the face of shifting global power dynamics. Furthermore, Liberal Intergovernmental theory helps explain the Central Asian Republics’ core actions and the impact of their domestic policies providing a details view of what drives regional integration in Central Asia. The study explores the historical dynamics and drivers of regional integration in Central Asia, focusing on the role of the BRI in reshaping these dynamics at domestic and external levels, using qualitative and thematic analysis of secondary sources.

THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL TOURISM

This article focuses on the challenges of developing regional tourism infrastructure. The article also defines the essence of the concept of "regional tourism infrastructure" and its importance in the development of the region, its content and development problems. Based on the studied materials, conclusions and practical recommendations are given for improving tourism infrastructure in the region.

The contribution of enterprises, universities, and research institutes to regional innovation efficiency in China

ABSTRACT This study estimated the contribution of three innovation entities – enterprises, universities, and research institutes – to regional innovation performance and investigated the impact of several exogenous environmental variables on regional innovation efficiency. Stochastic frontier models were employed, and the sample consisted of panel data from 30 provinces and municipalities in China between 2010 and 2021. The results demonstrated that the three innovation entities contributed to regional innovation performance; however, the elastic coefficients of universities and enterprises were higher than those of research institutes, suggesting that China did not shift from a research institute- to enterprise-centered innovation system. The impact of several exogenous environmental variables, such as regional openness, government support, and information infrastructure, on innovation performance varied across regions.

Sustainable prevention infrastructure in the healthcare system: Developments in The Netherlands

Introduction: There is increasing attention to (disease) prevention within healthcare. However, in OECD countries only around 1% of health expenditure is spent on prevention. In the Netherlands different parties are responsible for organizing prevention. As a consequence, embedding preventive activities into the Dutch healthcare system lags behind. Especially for people with health risks, such as overweight children or frail older people. In order to move towards sustainable organized prevention, it is necessary that organizations start working together. In recent years several policy interventions have been introduced to stimulate cross-sector collaboration and the transition towards sustainable prevention infrastructure in the healthcare system. The aim of this study is to learn more form this transition.
 Who is it for? Researchers, policymakers, collaborative prevention networks.
 Methods: This longitudinal qualitative study was conducted among collaborative networks working together on integrating prevention, care and welfare to build a prevention infrastructure. Interviews were held with representatives of municipalities, health insurers, municipality health services and program managers. Two to five interviews per network were conducted during a five year study period. In total 88 semi-structured interviews were held. Networks were followed over time to gain insight into experiences with cross-sectoral collaboration. And to explore the changes in perceived barriers and facilitators associated with collaborating on implementing a prevention infrastructure.
 Key findings: Barriers for implementing a prevention infrastructure are unknown (cost-)effectiveness and differences in organization culture between municipalities and health insurers. Growing awareness of the urgency of prevention and acknowledgement of mutual responsibilities can be seen as a facilitator. As well as national policy interventions concerning a regional prevention infrastructure and a intervention-oriented approach. Preconditions for cross-sector collaboration became more specific over time, commitment and trust provide the basis, followed by low-threshold contact and having a shared goal. Clearness about legal responsibilities is important for stakeholders in order to work together to organize prevention. The discussion on appropriate funding played a major role over the years.
 Conclusions/Learning: This study shows that collaboration regarding prevention is becoming more and more common. The relationship between key stakeholders, like municipalities and health insurers, is generally more strengthened than five years ago. They have better understanding of each other’s interests and expectations. In addition, they started to consider prevention more as their mutual responsibility in recent years. It was found to be important for the government to regularly collect from stakeholders what they need, in order to continuously improve national public health policy. 
 Next steps: Policies regarding prevention infrastructure continues to evolve, in order to further stimulate collaboration between stakeholder. Developments in this area will continue to be monitored in the coming years.
 Keywords: Prevention, health policy, healthcare system, cross-sector collaboration, longitudinal qualitative research, collaborative networks.

Оценка динамики развития инфраструктуры автомобильного транспорта регионов Арктики

This article presents the results of approbation of the author’s methodology of complex assessment of regional transport infrastructure development, which allows to determine the level of transport provision of territories in two independent structural blocks: social and production components of transport infrastructure development. The object of the study was chosen as the infrastructure of the motor transport complex of the regions whose territories are fully belonging to the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation – the Murmansk Oblast, the Nenets, Yamalo-Nenets and Chukotka Autonomous Okrugs. As estimation parameters on the social component were used the index of transport network density per 10 thousand people, complex index of transport provision of territories (Engel’s coefficient), coefficient of transport mobility of the population; as estimation parameters on the production component were used the indexes of transport network density relative to economic entities of the region and complex indexes of transport provision of production, taking into account the production of the re-gion.

Kapasitas Inovasi Program Dana Pembangunan Wilayah Kelurahan dalam Mendukung Percepatan dan Pemerataan Pembangunan Daerah

The Subdistrict Regional Development Fund Program (DPWK) is an innovation from the Cilegon Municipality Government which aims to improve the administrative function of subdistrict government in providing services to the community, encourage accelerated and equitable regional development and encourage the acceleration of regional poverty reduction. The aim of this research is to determine the innovation capacity of the Village Regional Development Fund Program (DPWK) in supporting accelerated and equitable development in Cilegon Municipality. This research method uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observation and documentation. The research results show that the Subdistrict Regional Development Fund Program has been running well, although there are still several problems such as limited community empowerment programs and only prioritizing regional infrastructure development programs and the low collaborative capacity of program implementers. Because the Cilegon Municipality government is paying more attention to community empowerment programs, intensive communication with the implementers of the Village Regional Development Fund (DPWK) program in Cilegon Municipality in creating ideal collaboration and prioritizing regional infrastructure development programs

Flood Disaster Adaptation In Mentawai District Based On Local Wisdom: Comparative Study Of Disaster-Friendly Houses (Uma)

In the last decade, the intensity and quality of disaster threats in the Islands Mentawai have been the tallest. Experience has given birth to local wisdom in adapting to natural disasters, especially flood problems. One of the local pearls of wisdom possessed by the Mentawai people to adapt to floods is disaster-friendly houses ( Uma ). So this article was constructed to examine Uma's axiology in dealing with floods. The research method used is a qualitative approach, where data collection techniques use interviews and observation. In-depth interviews were conducted with two different community groups, namely the elite group and the lay community group consisting of 3 elite groups; traditional leaders, religious leaders, community leaders, and 20 general public groups. Data validation was carried out using triangulation techniques and analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and concluding/verification. Research findings show that Uma has strong adaptive and mitigating powers in dealing with flood disasters. Uma can be compared to the construction of developed countries such as Japan, the Netherlands, and England in adapting to flood risks. Increasingly complex climatic conditions, together with the consequences of inappropriate tourism expansion and weak land use management, have led to an increase in the frequency and severity of flooding in the Mentawais – saltwater intrusion, temperature changes, weather changes, and landslides. The Mentawai region is increasingly vulnerable to the risk of saltwater intrusion, which affects the ability to supply clean water and develop regional infrastructure. Rainfall combined with higher tides has caused an increase in the extent of flooding, especially in the lowland areas of Mentawai Regency Keywords : Flood Disaster Adaptation ; Uma ; Local wisdom ; Mentawai

Transformation of the historical heritage and spatial perception of Ilūkste

The development plan of the Upper Daugava Region (2022-2027) identifies Ilūkste as a potentially strong development centre of regional importance. The plan is designed to improve the quality of roads of regional importance infrastructure development and tourism in the Ilūkste area. This document encourages the initiation of serious cultural landscape research for Ilūkste. The scale of the existing Daugavpils development, the visibility and proximity of the city do not weaken and create strong competition for Ilūkste, but on the contrary - strengthen the revival of Ilūkste as a historic centre alongside a large-scale settlement. That means that on opposite banks of the Daugava there are two different urban spaces with different cultural and historical layers and scales. The preservation of cultural heritage is increasingly being discussed in the forums of the European Union, highlighting the values that are being lost in warfare and in the wastefulness of national economic policies. The problem of heritage conservation is also present in areas where there is no war, but where mistakes have been made due to the ineptitude of the political authorities. This is also true of the Latvian Awakening in the 1990s, when, after the occupation, "business as usual" still continued. With the collapse of collectivisation and the development of private enterprise, no attention was paid to the concepts of landscape, viewpoints, silhouettes, landmarks, climaxes, etc. The smaller the scale of the cultural landscape, the deeper the cracks of neglect that are left in the cultural landscape. The small town of Ilūkste is one example in Latvia. The loss of the intrinsic spatiality of a historic small town risks transforming not only the perception of place and people at a local level, but also at a regional and national level, thereby changing the character and uniqueness of a nation's living space. Natural and man-made elements are constantly changing, seeking to adapt. Biological processes, economic and political power, generational change, rapid technological development can all influence the development of an area. As one changes, another is subjected to change, resulting in a complete or partial transformation. This is most evident in small towns, which have long been subject to political change and the outflow of the younger generation to the metropolises. Historical space is thus also surrounded by indifference and neglect. The current municipality of Ilūkste has energetically set to work to recover the historic identity of the settlement, conscious of both the revival of the former Jesuit church and convent and the dismantling or renovation of aesthetically poor-quality buildings.

Relations, territories, and politics of infrastructural regionalism

ABSTRACT In this afterword to the special issue on ‘Water, Governance, and the Dynamics of Infrastructural Regionalism’, I reflect on three achievements of regional infrastructures that are common to all the articles. First, I discuss the relational ontologies and epistemologies that the authors use to characterise the multifaceted connections between humans and non-humans, as well as the imaginaries that inform the framings of regional infrastructure. I then discuss the territorialising achievements of infrastructuring and regionalising processes that involve the aligning of hydrological and jurisdictional boundaries, the hybridisation of ways of knowing, and the establishing of formal and informal relationships to address fragmented conditions. Finally, I summarise the varying forms of contested and consensual politics that are rife with power dynamics and social inequalities. I conclude by suggesting some future directions for infrastructural regionalism scholarship.

Принципы и методы исследования структуры метагеосистем для проектирования паломническо-туристского кластера

Introduction. The article characterizes the spatio-temporal structure of metageosystems of the pilgrimage-tourist cluster “Sanaksar – Temnikov”, located in the center of the Russian Plain, in the zone of interaction of forest-steppe and forest geosystems. Materials and methods. Thestructuring of information within the framework of thestudy is based on the simultaneous use of a natural sequence of involving interrelated principles: genetic, historical, systemic, territorial-structural. The object of study was investigated from the perspective of a geosystem approach, the structure and components of metageosystems were analyzed as spatial formations of different levels of organization, naturally functioning. Research results and discussion. A detailed description of the geosystem model of the tourist cluster “Sanaksar – Temnikov” is given. It has been proven that the sustainable development of metageosystems should be based on multifactor information support, in which the most important condition for the effective economic development of landscapes is realized through the formation of a regional spatial data infrastructure. Based on the analysis of the archaeological map of the Republic of Mordovia, patterns of development of cultural landscapes are identified. The characteristics of the processes and features of the economic development of geosystems and the formation of cultural heritage have been formed. Conclusion. The organization of a pilgrimage and tourism cluster places high demands on information support. Solving the problem of forecasting and monitoring the development of metageosystems for making management decisions is possible using methods and algorithms for processing and analyzing spatial data, designing and implementing project-oriented geoportal systems for distributing spatial data.

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

This research will focus on CSR which is the obligation of the company to be responsible in terms of development and social around the company, where each company must provide CSR funds from the company's profits to help the development around the company operates, this is expected to be a solution to the problem of social and environmental development, in some developed countries CSR takes a broader role by reaching out to partners for regional infrastructure development, this has not been touched in the rules of legislation in Indonesia, therefore it is very interesting to study more deeply the opportunities and future layout. The purpose of this study is to look at the possibilities and analyze the opportunities and challenges that need to be resolved to make CSR actively involved in regional infrastructure development. This research method is normative juridical, where it is done by analyzing the relevant legal rules in order to understand the subject matter in the rules of the game so that a solution can be found to the problem at hand .From the analysis conducted, it can be concluded that CSR has been running as mandated by the law, but those aspects to be able to make CSR a development partner still have empty space that must be regulated with certainty and measured by the rules of the law.
 

UJI MULTIKOLINEARITAS: PENGARUH PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR TERHADAP PENGURANGAN TINGKAT PENGANGGURAN DI KAB. SIDOARJO

Economic growth is an indicator of the success of economic development, characterized by the process of increasing output per capita in the long term. Efforts to accelerate regional development can be done by increasing economic growth. Efficiency in economic activities must be accompanied by adequate infrastructure, especially road and electricity infrastructure, so that it will encourage a sustainable increase in regional potential, where the development of infrastructure in Indonesia is currently progressing quite rapidly in Indonesia, both in national and regional infrastructure development. One of the areas that is developing rapidly in the infrastructure development process is Kab. Sidoarjo. District growth. Sidoarjo from 2010 to 2020 has not yet met the target in terms of development, there is still a lot of infrastructure that has not been improved, however, in the development of infrastructure development which will start in 2021, there will be a lot of development in infrastructure starting in the District. Sidoarjo, starting from road concreting to fulfilling public facilities carried out by the District Public Works and Spatial Planning Department. Sidoarjo. In infrastructure development in Kab. Sidoarjo can have a significant influence on economic growth which is used in economic growth and in infrastructure development, of course absorbing local energy which is used to fulfill work requirements in the district. Sidoarjo.

“Smart” Tourism as an Innovative Direction of Tourism Development

The article discusses smart tourism as one of the areas of smart specialization. Under the leadership of the Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure of Georgia, the “Smart Specialization” program has been developed, which is the basis for strengthening the innovative potential of the regions. When implementing this component, it becomes possible to identify the strengths of a particular region and their targeted development. As a result of active cooperation with the relevant structures of the European Union, Imereti was chosen as a pilot region. The article mentions the role of smart tourism in the context of smart specialization of Imereti, first of all, it can be smart tourism, artificial intelligence in tourism, smart destination, the use of various communication and IT technologies. The article discusses the importance of smart cities, smart destinations, artificial intelligence, and the 5G network in the development of smart tourism. “Smart” tourism determines the prospects for the development of the industry. However, the study of this complex phenomenon is currently in its infancy. It should be noted that a comparative and comprehensive study of the experience of smart tourism will undoubtedly become one of the main directions of this research in the world. Keywords: Smart Tourism, Smart Specialization, Smart Destination.

How Does Digital Finance Promote Regional Economic Growth?

The development of digital finance has important practical significance for regional economic growth. This article is based on the Digital Inclusive Finance Index developed by Peking University to study the impact of digital finance on economic growth in various regions of China, and uses the internet penetration rate at each provincial level as a tool variable to alleviate endogeneity issues in the model. Research has found that digital finance has a significant promoting effect on regional economic growth, and all three dimensions of digital finance have a positive impact on economic growth; Digital finance has shown some differences in the eastern, central, and western regions of China, with overall positive impacts, but its impact on economic growth in the eastern region is greater. This article provides an empirical basis for the development of digital finance in China, and provides a robustness analysis of digital finance promoting regional economic growth. Based on the current situation of digital finance development in China and the conclusions drawn in this article, it is believed that the construction of regional financial infrastructure should be accelerated, and the government should provide more financial resources for the central and western regions of China to narrow regional disparities, In order to better achieve the driving effect of digital finance on economic growth and regional coordinated development.

Северный завоз как триггер развития транспорта Арк­тической зоны Якутии и Дальнего Востока в целом

The paper analyzes the scheme for organizing the northern delivery of goods to Yakutia, identifies the main problems of the development of regional transport infrastructure, and proves that the northern delivery improvement by the development of water transport will allow the formation of a railway — river transport corridor (Skovorodino — Yakutsk — Tiksi). The Yakutsk transit meridian railway-river corridor will solve many logistical problems of northern delivery by redirecting part of the cargo from the Northern Sea Route to the south of the region and backwards. As a result, the spatial configuration of the transport network of the Sakha Republic will be able to “complete” the transport infrastructure of the Far Eastern Federal District by integrating the Yakutsk railway and river corridor as a western segment into the structure of the promising Great Far Eastern Transport Ring. The measure will expand significantly the prospects for the development of Yakutia and the Far East as a whole, and the logistics potential of the emerging transport ring in the future will complement favorably the Northern Sea Route, reducing the total distance of cargo delivery by 3—3.5 thousand km.

Transforming Care for Older Adults Living with Complex Health Conditions in Ontario Post-Covid: Conference Proceedings and Recommendations.

The virtual conference 'Transforming Care: Supporting Older Adults Post-COVID in Ontario' was held in October 2021. It was organized by Specialized Geriatric Services (SGS) East and held over three half-days. The guiding themes included: The Need, The Innovation, and The Transformation. Over 500 participants heard from ~50 clinicians, researchers, administrators, older adults, care partners, and community partners. The pandemic uncovered and exacerbated existing issues and pushed us to explore new ways to support older adults living with complex health conditions. The following key priorities were identified: older adults and their care partners call for personalized care experiences, and a lifespan approach to care delivery; aging in the community remains the most common preference; an integrated community care system that supports aging at-home should be prioritized; care delivery by SGS interprofessional teams and specialists is paramount to providing comprehensive care; building health human resource capacity should be a system priority; and promising innovations should be scaled and spread. Evidence shows that we cannot return to status-quo; post-pandemic planning of both who we serve and how we serve needs to be anchored in system renewal, not just recovery. Renewal means integrating lessons learned during the pandemic into the redesign of our systems of care. Investments in innovative, upstream strategies that support home and community-based care, and target health promotion and prevention are necessary. The provincial and regional infrastructure of SGS has the expertise and capacity to assist Ontario Health Teams in responding to the evolving health and social needs of this population.

One Map Policy: Digital Administration Methods as an Effort to Solve Land Overlaps in Indonesia

Only now has Indonesia's land use problem been partially found to be a bright spot. Moreover, the government created the map that gave rise to this issue. Therefore, holding the One Map Policy in government policies is necessary to realize good land governance. This research aims to determine how effective the One Map Policy is in solving land problems and realizing good spatial governance to provide welfare to the people. This research is written using normative juridical methods, using literature studies that examine a problem from a legal point of view and look for data in reading materials. So, the One Map Policy is one of the alternatives and essential policies to resolve overlapping land uses in the community. The government has made a One Map Policy to give each institution or ministry a synchronization information map theme. So that there is overlap in land use, there is No cause of conflict between interests and loss to society. Making the One Map Policy is vital because of the benefits of designing a room with Scale, quickly resolving conflict, overlapping overlap, using land, and speeding up regional development programs and infrastructure implementation.

Nias Islands expansion urgency through top-down strategy in Indo-Pacific and the Indian Ocean

The expansion of Nias Islands Province is the desire of the political community. However, until now, the expansion effort has not received central government approval. Threats to the region can come from a variety of sources and forms, including internal conflicts, transnational conflicts, and military threats. This research aims to analyze the urgency of the expansion of Nias Islands through a top-down strategy, considering national threats and strategic factors. The research method used was an analytical descriptive approach with a qualitative type of research. Data were obtained through interviews and observations, as well as primary and secondary data relevant to the expansion of Nias Islands Province. The results show the urgency of the expansion of Nias Islands involving a top-down strategy by considering threat factors and national strategic policies. The relevance of the formation of Nias Islands Province can be seen from geographical, geopolitical, and demographic factors. The readiness of this region to become a New Autonomous Region (DOB) is reflected in agreements between regional heads, infrastructure availability, and financial support during the transition. The central government needs to understand that the expansion of Nias Islands is not only a local need but also a strategic step in maintaining national security and stability.

Evolution Pattern and Spatial Mismatch of Urban Greenspace and Its Impact Mechanism: Evidence from Parkland of Hunan Province

Planners need to fully understand the quantity of land supply and its matching relationship with population demand, as these are prerequisites for urban greenspace planning. Most papers have focused on single cities and parks, with little attention paid to comparative analysis between multiple cities on a macro scale, ignoring the influence of spatial effects and leading to a lack of basis for regional green infrastructure planning. This paper selected 102 cities in Hunan province as case studies to comprehensively conduct empirical research using the spatial mismatch model and the geographically weighted regression method. The urban parkland in Hunan province are characterized by significant spatial heterogeneity and correlation, and the mismatch between land supply and population demand should not be ignored, with oversupply and undersupply co-existing. The urban parkland and its mismatch with population are influenced by a number of factors, and each factor has a stronger influence on the latter than the former. Different factors vary widely in the nature and intensity of their effects, and the dynamics are more complex. Economic development, financial capacity, and air quality are key factors, with the former having a negative impact and the latter having opposite (positive) effects. We suggest that when the government allocates land resources and targets for urban parks, it should formulate a differentiated allocation plan based on the supply and demand conditions of each city; besides, it should also place emphasis on regional integration and coordination and support mutual cooperation.