Regional Economic System Research Articles

Прикладные аспекты преодоления экзогенных кризисов в изолированных экономических системах (на примере экономики Камчатского края)

The article considers peculiarities of the course of economic crises caused by exogenous factors in the isolated regional economic systems. Analysis of the socio-economic situation in the Kamchatka territory was carried out at the end of 2022 in the context of sanctions pressure from the unfriendly countries. The features and factors of the economic crisis of 2022, their impact on the regional economic system have been identified. The results of implementation of anti-crisis measures in the Kamchatka territory and their impact on the indicators of socio-economic development are presented. Strategic priorities for development of the region's economy for the period up to 2035 have been identified.

Природный газ в экономике России: состояние и использование

The article discusses the concept and composition of natural gas, its significance, localization, production and consumption in regional economic systems on the territory of the Russian Federation. The role of the gas industry in national economy is presented, the classification of natural gas applications and possible forms of its use as a final product is presented, the problems of optimal strategy planning and tactics for the development of the entire Russian gas complex are actualized. The subject of the study is the current state of the natural gas market, regional aspects of its consumption. In the course of studying the current state and use of natural gas in the Russian economy, we applied theoretical research methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization. Possible growth points, the development of production infrastructure, logistics and the use of natural gas in the territory of the Russian Federation were discovered. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded, that scientifically based forecasting of future demand for natural gas, which has consumer value, contributes to more efficient infrastructure planning.

ПРОБЛЕМЫ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ В РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ СИСТЕМЕ

The article identifies the problems of innovative development in the regional economic system, which consist in an insufficient level of investment in innovative projects, insufficient interaction between scientific institutions and business, a low level of qualification of employees in the regions, the lack of a system of state support for innovation in the regions. The author analyzes and suggests a solution to the identified problems of innovative development in order to increase the level of development of regions, for example, by creating favorable conditions for attracting investment in innovation, developing interaction between scientific institutions and enterprises, improving the education system and professional development of employees, as well as creating a system of state support for innovation in the regions.

Стратегия адаптации управления бизнес-структурами к кризисным условиям на основе компромисса

Introduction. The current macroeconomic instability contributes to the development of scientific and theoretical foundations for the notion of business structure adaptation to external challenges. An entity of economic activity should be considered both as an element of a multi-faceted regional and industry production system and as a relatively isolated structure with its own organizational behavior and associations with other various entities. Business structure adaptation means behavioral changes determined by the ongoing qualitative systemic changes that significantly affect the key performance parameters. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to develop the conceptual framework for a compromise based adaptation strategy. Materials and Methods. Methodologically, the study refers to scientific and theoretical approaches to management adaptation for regional economic systems and business structures. Modeling of economic and managerial processes and statistics analysis are the key methods of this study. Rosstat’s official data was used as the information database for the study. Results. The paper describes various types of government support in large cities. These measures were aimed at reducing the number of closed down small and medium-sized companies and compensating for the damage they suffered. The study also looked at the factors and conditions that specify the interaction of large and small businesses in the regional economic system, as well as the features of their organizational behavior in regulating financial and economic obligations with the authorities. Conclusion. The research is academically novel in the development of the notion of a compromise based adaptation strategy for business structures in crisis, taking into account the trends in organizational behavior of large, small and medium-sized businesses, authorities, and industry management, which are being driven by joint activities typical for the current events in Russia.

Theoretical Aspects of Hybrid Approaches to Project Management and Operations in Regional Economic Systems

Theoretical Aspects of Hybrid Approaches to Project Management and Operations in Regional Economic Systems

Концепція маркетингу територіальних ринкових систем

The article is aimed at studying the scientific issues related to the acceleration of economic develop-ment of the spatial economy; determining the degree of influence of innovations on the nature of the territorial organization of economic activity; provision of a theoretical basis for the formation of zones of innovative growth of individual territories (regions). The main goal is to identify the features and contradictions of the current state of the system of territorial organization of marketing activities and to accelerate the pace of socioeconomic development of a particular territory on this basis. The carried out systematization of literature sources on the subject of the study shows that modern economic science pays insufficient attention to the studies on the nature and impact of the marketing component, in its broadest sense, both on the quality of the system of territorial organization itself and on the dy-namics of economic development. This is directly the reason for its unconditional relevance. The issues of spreading the diffusion of the marketing component of spatial development was studied from the viewpoint of presenting and positioning a separate territory (region) as a subject of economic relations, as a multifunctional and multi-aspectual economic system, and not as a place of concentration of means of production and labor strictly. The further development, symbiosis of the theory of regionalistics, in particular the spatial organization of production, with the theory and practice of innovative en-trepreneurship is the substantiation of the feasibility of creating and spreading territorial poles of inno-vative growth. It is proved that effective marketing activity in a particular economic space of activity should be based on the functional properties of the forms of spatial organization of production, on the one hand, and the location of productive forces, on the other. The article reflects the authors’ vision of the modern conception of marketing of territorial market systems in relation to their spatial organiza-tion. The advantages of the network model of organization (clustering) of the territorial (regional) eco-nomic system are revealed. The theory of clustering as one of the modern forms of organization of economic activity in terms of a certain territory has been further developed.

Forecast of electricity consumption in Yakutia – Strategizing Horizon 2032

The paper presents the results of strategizing the development of the electric power industry on the territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in accordance with the scenarios of the development of the fuel and energy complex until 2032. The purpose of the research was to build electricity balances of the Yakutia for a long-term period taking into account the level of uncertainty. Scenarios for the development of the electric power industry have been developed using modeling methods considering the existing programs and schemes for the development of the electric power industry of the Yakutia. The assessment of the required capacity and electricity by 2032 was carried out on the basis of an assessment of the volume of prospective electricity consumption in accordance with the updated forecast of socio-economic development of the Yakutia until 2032. When forecasting individual indicators at the municipal level, disaggregation was carried out, considering the location of electric power facilities. The electricity balances in the forecast model are used to reflect the prospective consumption volumes and possible (potential) volumes of electricity production (generation) at the “available” capacity. In the proposed scenarios of electricity consumption and production, it can be noted that there is no tendency to reduce the electrical capacity of the domestic, regional product. The obtained research results can be used in regional economic management systems.

Analysis of demographic processes of population settlement in the regions of Kazakhstan

Today in Kazakhstan there is inequality in the level and quality of life of the population, which is due to differences in natural conditions and resources, the specifics of settlement and the nature of the economic development of the territory, and geographical location. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current demographic situation, the system of conditions, factors and indicators of population reproduction and settlement in the regions of Kazakhstan. The study examines the problems of settlement, regional demography and migration in Kazakhstan, as well as disproportions in population density and fragmentation of space in different regions. The research work explores the possibility of solving these issues through modern trends and principles of effective development of regional economic systems. The research methodology is based on the position of methodological generalization and system analysis. The methodological basis of the study is a generalization of classical and modern theories of population distribution by region, theoretical developments of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of balanced territorial development, actual placement, population reproduction, increasing the competitiveness and sustainability of regions in the context of globalization and Industry 4.0. The study revealed that in the Republic of Kazakhstan, since 2013, significant changes have been taking place in the demographic situation, especially in the context of increasing internal migration processes in certain regions. These demographic and migration changes have a direct impact on the socio-economic well-being of regions, in particular by increasing the flow of human capital abroad. In addition, the spontaneous development of migration processes aggravates the imbalance of labor resources, which may cause additional social and economic problems in the future. The authors define rational population settlement as the main factor in managing and planning the economic development of the region.

Model for assessing risks and threats to socio-economic development of the region and their impact on economic growth

Modern conditions of functioning of economic systems of various (macro-, meso- and micro) levels set new tasks, risks and threats to the state, which require their solution, minimization, prevention or leveling of consequences. The purpose of this study is to consider the reaction of economies and state authorities to the current digital transformation of regional economic systems. The study of conditions that positively or negatively affect the meso-economic space of the country will help to establish the most significant of the factors that determine the ability to internalize the potential of current changes and strengthen their own competitive positions with their help. Also, this study helps to identify the “pain” points of the regions, which reflect the problems in the adaptation of the country’s entities to digital dynamics, as well as to determine the directions of their solution and/or minimize the damage from the possible consequences of the implementation of threats. This, in turn, will create opportunities for regional authorities and other economic entities to adjust and coordinate their joint efforts to achieve the necessary indicators of economic growth of the regional economy. Achievement of the necessary values of indicators, in particular, will testify to the effective functioning of economic and institutional aspects of economic management.

Methodological design of implementation of financial decentralization in the practice of regional development modernization

The article examines the relationship between the process of financial decentralization and the stability of the development function of regional economic systems based on the interdependence of these components of social transformation. After all, the motivational determinism of local finances activates the process of creating new jobs through the formation of the investment attractiveness of a particular region, the innovative progress of broad segments of the population, and the coordination of business, society, and subnational public authorities. The article reveals that the revival of the economy at the spatial level should be based primarily on the activation of innovative activities in the production and infrastructure sectors. Despite the decentralization of power functions, institutional bottlenecks, and the challenges and threats of decentralization, we believe that inclusiveness is quite high and is not conditioned by state regulation. The article states that the strengthening of the role of territorial communities gives rise to the need to reassess the place and function of each region in the coordinate system of the economic space, which must make institutional decisions that provide conditions for further development. Decentralization opens huge opportunities for the development of clusters of agro-industrial parks but provides an inclusive way for the development of the spatial economy, leveling the existing asymmetry and ensuring decent working and living conditions for the rural population. Proof of this is the EU agro-industrial complex, which convincingly confirms that land management within the framework of the Common Agricultural Policy of the third millennium means much more than food security and export growth, as this cannot be achieved without the simultaneous inclusiveness of sustainable development. A sound strategy for the development of a single national land community through the creation of industrial complexes and the integration of regional economic systems will allow us to move away from budgetary materialism to a paradigmatic strategy of financing spatial development and economic accumulation.

Особливості розвитку регіональних економічних систем на засадах цифровізації в умовах повоєнного відновлення

The study of the development of digitalization of regional economic systems in the context of military aggression and post-war recovery of territories is an urgent and important task for the State today. The European vector of digital technology development, which Ukraine has chosen and is implementing, despite the difficulties, has allowed to significantly improve the development of the digital sector in our country. A study of the state of digital transformation of the regions of Ukraine in the pre-war period was carried out using the Digital Transformation Index, which made it possible to identify the leading and outsider regions in the development of digital content and to identify the strengths and weaknesses for each region as part of the calculation of the relevant sub-indices. First of all, such innovations in digital technologies concern the public sector, which, based on the development of software products (such as Diia), has allowed society to significantly improve and speed up the processes of obtaining a certain list of public services online. Development of the software product Hromada 4.0. for local self-government bodies, has allowed the introduction of new digital technologies in them to ensure equal access of the population to the necessary public services. The main focus of this program is digital solutions to improve municipal governance, increase cybersecurity of data. The development of the «EU4Digital: Supporting the Digital Economy and Society in the Eastern Partnership» program has improved the lives of the population by stimulating economic growth, creating new jobs, supporting small and medium-sized businesses by taking advantage of the benefits of the EU Digital Single Market for Ukraine. The study of the development of digitalization of regional economic systems allowed to identify four areas of obstacles (institutional, infrastructural, ecosystem, and e-government) that hinder this development. Six directions for the development of regional economic systems on the basis of digitalization are proposed, which will increase access to public services for more segments of the population, that should simplify the procedure for obtaining such services and reduce the level of bureaucracy in our country.

Assessment of the level and structure of stress in tax revenues of the federal and regional budgets

Relevance. In recent years, the Russian economy has faced the global challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic and unprecedented sanctions. Understanding how the tax systems of Russian regions respond to these external shocks is crucial for identifying critical stress sources affecting budgets at various levels. Research objective. This study aims to assess and compare tax revenue stress across the federal districts of the Russian Federation, considering different levels of the budget system, and to identify the underlying sources of this stress. Data and methods. The study relies on official data from the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation on tax revenues to federal and regional budgets in the federal districts. The analysis covers monthly data from January 2013 to December 2022. The stress index was calculated by measuring the difference between the moving standard deviation and the mean of the annual tax revenue growth rate, with a lag of 1 month. The methodology for decomposing the sources of tax revenue stress was also tested. Results. Over-time assessments of stress indices for tax revenues to federal and regional budgets were obtained for the Russian Federation and its federal districts. The varying levels, dynamics, and budgetary distribution of tax revenue stress across federal districts are explained by differences in the structure, growth rates, and volatility of various taxes, as well as their correlations in these districts. Decomposition of federal and regional tax stress showed the unique role of mineral extraction tax and profit tax as stress amplifiers during crises, while in stable periods, they contribute significantly to stress reduction. The study also establishes the distinct roles of federal districts in intensifying or alleviating overall tax revenue stress during pandemic and sanctions shocks, as well as periods of relative stability. Conclusions. This research demonstrates the importance of assessing and identifying sources of tax revenue stress in regions. Such insights help identify vulnerabilities and reserves for enhancing the resilience of regional and federal budgets through the diversification of regional economic systems and adjustments to tax system rules in response to changing external conditions.

Development Trends and Dynamics of Industrial Specialization in Russian Regions

Relevance. The study of the industrial structure of regional economies has gained relevance amid shifting geopolitics and unprecedented sanctions, prompting the need for economic restructuring, product/sector substitution, and the exploration of new growth opportunities at national and regional levels. Research objective. This study evaluates the dynamics of industrial specializations in Russian regions and their role in ensuring stable regional economic development. The hypothesis is that there is a direct link between the resilience of the regional economic system and its industrial specializations. Here, resilience refers to the territory's ability to minimize the negative impacts of external shocks and threats and restore its economic level during a specified adaptation period. Data and method. The focus of this study is industrially developed regions whose economies rely predominantly on manufacturing. The study uses Rosstat data on shipped goods, performed works, and services from 2019 to 2022. Data cleansing involves removing the inflationary component using producer price indices. The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index is used for the sectors in the "C. Manufacturing" category of OKVED2 (All-Russian Classifier of Economic Activities). Results. The study identifies regional variations in industrial specialization levels and progression, categorizing regions into diversified and specialized. We found the transformation of the economic structure in the majority of the examined regions and identified the "new" and "departed" sectors of industrial specialization. Resilience to crises is analyzed, revealing three groups of regions based on their resilience levels. Key industries driving regional development are also identified. Conclusions. Analysis of industrially developed regions uncovers unique structural transformations, offering valuable insights for regional policymakers. Future research avenues may involve refining socio-economic profiles based on industrial specialization and formulating government measures to support industrial development.

НАПРЯМИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНО-ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ ДЕТЕРМІНАНТ РЕГІОНАЛЬНИХ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ СИСТЕМ В УМОВАХ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ КРЕАТИВНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

The article substantiates the directions of formation of intellectual and innovative determinants of the development of regional economic systems in the conditions of the formation of the creative economy as one of the directions of the formation of the post-industrial society. The author's point of view is proven, that under the intellectual and innovative development of regional economic systems in the conditions of the formation of a creative economy, it is necessary to see a set of accumulated abilities, knowledge, competences, information, intellectual resources that are able to create added value, increase economic efficiency, including through adoption creative solutions and contribute to increasing the competitiveness of regions. The priority directions for the development of intellectual capital should take into account the unique features and latent opportunities inherent in each region and contribute to the achievement of the set goals. In order to simplify and increase the effectiveness of the formation and development of intellectual and innovative determinants, it is proposed to single out such areas as socioeconomic, scientific-technical and organizational-legal. It has been proven that the activation of intellectual and innovative determinants of regional economic systems in the strategy and development programs of regions should include: the formation of relevant competences and directions of the strategy of regional intellectual and innovative development; implementation of successful global practice taking into account existing opportunities; improvement of institutional support and legal support for the formation of a single vector of development of regional economic systems in the conditions of the formation of a creative economy; formation of management potential taking into account the principles of the creation of a creative economy; formation of directions for attracting investment resources and financial support for the intellectual and innovative component; stimulation of research work; increasing the synergy and density of relationships between the production sphere and the scientific and educational sector. The main trends in promoting the development of regional economic systems in the conditions of the creative economy due to intellectual and innovative determinants are outlined.

РОЗРОБКА НАУКОВО-МЕТОДИЧНОГО ІНСТРУМЕНТАРІЮ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ДИНАМІКИ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНИМ РОЗВИТКОМ РЕГІОНУ

The article offers a model of assessment of dynamics of indicators of efficiency of management of economic development of a region on the basis of its innovation potential, which includes the following restrictions: resource base, necessary for formation of innovation potential; degree of development of potentials of a region, which form innovation potential of activity (financial, production and technological, scientific and technical, organisational and managerial, personnel potentials, etc. The assessment indicators are grouped into two groups: indicators of quality of innovation activity; indicators of efficiency of management of innovative technologies; indicators of innovation activity; indicators of efficiency of management of innovative technologies; indicators of innovation activity of the region; quality indicators. Given that innovation potential can be considered as a certain indicator of the regional economic system, it can be said that it sufficiently characterises the degree of influence on this system in order to achieve the optimal composition and mode of functioning of the structural and functional components of this system. The innovation potential allows for the transformation of the regional economic system and its transfer to a new state in order to meet existing or new needs. The innovation potential determines the ability of any system to change, namely to improve its characteristics. In the proposed model for assessing the effectiveness of management of economic development of a region based on its innovative potential, the choice of indicators is justified by the fact that the result of management efficiency in the region is the production of innovative products and technologies. The higher the degree of their market commercialisation, the higher the efficiency of management of the development of innovation potential and, ultimately, the higher the efficiency of development of the potential itself. The effectiveness of innovation potential development management is an increase in the dynamics of innovation processes, which is a reflection of the innovation activity of the subject of innovation activity in the region.

ПОТЕНЦИАЛ СИСТЕМНОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫХ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ

The potential for systemic development of the region is not only a national but also a global perspective. On the one hand, it depends on the resources that are already at the disposal of the country today, on the other hand, on the opportunities and potential that are opening up for Russia as part of the structural restructuring of the world economy. The latter means that the country itself can become a global player capable of influencing global processes, including in the economic sphere. At the same time, it is also an “emergency reserve” for Russia. This means that the development of the region should not only be aimed at ensuring the stability and security of Russia, but should also be based on the potential for sustainable development of the whole world. In addition, Russia should be interested in the development of all regions. The problematic aspects of the systemic development of regional economic systems are: low level of infrastructure and transport accessibility; underdevelopment of the production base and low volume of production; low level of qualification of labor resources; lack of investment and financial support; insufficient number of scientific research and innovative projects; lack of government support and lack of economic incentives; underdevelopment of the labor market, high unemployment and population migration to more developed regions; environmental problems and insufficient development of natural resources and many other factors. Modern economic research pays much attention to the study of methodological aspects of ensuring the sustainable development of the region and increasing their innovation and investment activity. At the same time, the severity of the problems will not decrease and requires the development of theoretical and methodological mechanisms to overcome them.

ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ВНЕШНЕЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬЮ РЕГИОНА В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫХ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ

The purpose of the study is to study the specifics of state management of foreign economic activity of the region in the context of digital transformation of regional economic systems of the Russian Federation. In order to obtain the most accurate and reliable results in the study of the problem, a comprehensive analysis of statistical data reflecting various aspects of the foreign economic activity of the regions is carried out. The experience of the North Caucasus Federal District, which demonstrated negative trends in foreign trade, is analyzed. Four new directions of state management of foreign economic activity of the region, emerging in the context of digital transfor- mation of the economy, have been identified.

ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РОСТА В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ МЕЖРЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЦИИ

the article examines the factors for ensuring economic growth in the Russian Federation at the present stage of development, in the context of worsening interregional differentiation. Considering the economic system as a whole, the authors noted that its sustainable and progressive development is impossible without solving the problems of socio-economic differentiation of Russian regions; an analysis was carried out and presented on a set of indicators characterizing the state of regional economic systems based on the author’s scoring methodology. An assessment is made of the ongoing state policy of regional development in the Russian Federation, on the basis of which appropriate generalizations are made and directions for its improvement are proposed in order to ensure economic growth.

Tourism Development in Border Regions of Russia: Methodological Foundations of Typology and its Approbation

Peripheral Russian border regions traditionally lag behind in a pronounced differentiation in the development of regions. The search for ways to level differences is associated with options for diversifying the economy, including the development of tourism and the study of the specifics of its development in the border area, which is the reason for the relevance of the study. For a country in which more than half of all regions are border regions and the border is the longest in the world, the border itself is in a state of transformation, and the role of the border factor is only increasing, the study of the influence of the border factor on economic systems, including tourism, is a particularly relevant scientific and practical task. Border regions of Russia were the objects of the research. The purpose of the study is related to the development of a methodological approach to the typology of the border areas of Russia in the context of unlocking the tourism potential. The testing of this approach was carried out on a set of pre-Covid data, helping to test the hypothesis that tourism systems in border regions develop in connection with additional incentives created by the border. However, this positive impact may not manifest itself equally in all parts of the border. The authors substantiated and carried out a typology of border regions according to the peculiarities of tourism development. The typology was made using the cluster analysis method. As a result, the types of border regions were determined according to the parameters of the influence of the border position on the development of tourism. The approach to typology proposed in the paper contributes to the development of the theories of management of the spatial organization of regional economic systems. From a practical point of view, the proposed methodology and the results of typology take into account the knowledge of various aspects of border regions, help identify development incentives, make adjustments to the budgetary policy of border regions, and become the basis for developing management and investment decisions.

Типологизация региональных систем России в связи с процессами декарбонизации экономики

The Paris Agreement on climate change was adopted on December 12, 2015 by 197 states. Despite mutual sanctions between Russia and a group of countries led by the United States, the agree-ment remains in force. Since sanctions negatively affect the dynamics of the global economy, they cannot be perpetually imposed. Therefore, the state should be ready for any changes in foreign economic relations, including the lifting of sanctions and, in particular, fulfilment of the requirements of the Paris Agreement. To decarbonise the economy, regions have to take effective action and thoroughly assess the future work. The influence of the emission factor in each region is determined by the scale and structure of the econ-omy. The study presents a typology of regions based on the scale of production, functional localisation, vol-ume and structure of exports to non-CIS countries, volume and structure of exports by economic sectors subject to environmental taxation by the European Union and members of the Paris Agreement. Industrial regions, being major exporters of fuel and energy, chemistry and petrochemistry, metals, agricultural pro-duction, are more dependent on decarbonisation. Economically underdeveloped regions, such as Dagestan, Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Kalmykia, Karachay-Cherkessia, Tyva, Chechnya and Jewish Autonomous Oblast, do not actively participate in the international division of labour and, consequently, do not depend on decarbonisation processes. Thus, the territorial differentiation of Russian regional systems should be considered when implementing socio-economic strategies, which take into account decarbonisation pro-cesses. Introduction of international hydrocarbon regulation by the European Union and transition to envi-ronmentally friendly technologies for the production of goods and services will require the territorial and structural transformation of regional economic systems.