In the transition to a post-industrial society, the innovative sector of the economy plays a crucial role, which is one of the leading factors of economic growth.In the near future, the priority task for each country and the entire world community should be to ensure balanced socio-economic and innovative development on the basis of purposeful institutional transformations. This problem has a special theoretical and practical significance for Ukrainian society, which is going through a difficult period of transition to a new system of socio-economic and innovative relations. All this together emphasizes the relevance of research on the problems of regulating the economic, social and innovative development of Ukrainian regions based on the formation of a range of priority and strategic goals based on the concepts of innovative regional development. This article attempts to reveal the essence and content of these phenomena, assessing the results of reforming the domestic economy on the basis of institutional transformations, illustrating these processes through the analysis of the relationship of institutional change with economic and innovative development of Ukraine. The analysis of structural changes taking place in the economy opens opportunities for substantiation of approaches to the disclosure of limitations and deviations in socio-economic and innovative development. Structural changes that may yield negative results in the near future are associated with a reduction in the number of innovative enterprises, a decrease in the number of advanced technologies used in industry, which has a very negative impact on the innovative position of the state in the world. Thus, overcoming the crisis is largely determined by the innovative capacity of the state and its regions at the global level. The innovative efficiency of the economy depends to a large extent on how such interaction is organized within the framework of the formation and institutionalization of the system of knowledge creation and innovative development, as well as on what technologies are used. At the same time, innovation efficiency is due to structural reforms that can revive the economy and ensure a sustainable increase in its competitiveness in the long run, taking into account all national characteristics.