Sumatra Region Research Articles

Unifikasi Kalender Rasydhul Qiblah Harian Wilayah Sumatera Barat

Part of one of the obligatory conditions that must be fulfilled when Muslims perform the prayer service is facing the face and all members of the body towards the Qibla. The main problem with Qibla's direction is the long distance between the Kaaba and the mosque as a place of worship for Muslims. West Sumatra is an area thick with religious nuances, there are many mosques as places of worship for Muslims. So, the Qibla direction of the mosque must be accurate with the Kaaba. One method that can be used is to use the sun's shadow reflected by an object. The utilization of sunlight in determining the Qibla direction with this model is known as Rashdul Qiblah. This paper examines the importance of the unification of the Rasydhul Qiblah calendar with the central point of the district capital and the center of the regional capital of West Sumatra. The validity of the rashdul qiblah calendar at the center of the regency capital in the West Sumatra region can be used by the districts within it. This type of research is field research using a descriptive-analytical model. The results of a study of areas located in the center of the district capital of West Sumatra show that the timing of the implementation of the rashdul qiblah for the districts covering the center of the district capital has a time difference that can still be tolerated.

Penerapan Metode K-Means Clustering pada Hasil Produksi Beras di Wilayah Sumatera Utara

This research aims to apply the method K-Means Clustering on rice production results in the region North Sumatra. K-Means Clustering is a data analysis technique that is useful for grouping data into several groups based on similar characteristics. This research uses rice production data from several districts/cities in North Sumatra as samples. The K Means method is used to group these regions into several clusters based on rice production they. The research results show that the K Means Clustering method can be used for identification rice production patterns in the North Sumatra region. The hope is, research results can be a valuable contribution, provide recommendations, and support initiatives for the North Sumatra provincial government in improving rice production throughout the region, with the aim of ensuring a more stable food supply for the community.

Analysis of Regional Financial Capacity in Sumatera-Indonesia

The objectives of this research are: (1) To analyze the financial capability of the Regency/city in the region of southern Sumatra and (2) the compare of financial capability of the district/parent city with the expansion in the region of Sumatra. This research is a quantitative study with a sample of district/parent city and expansion in the region of Sumbagsel. The data analysis methods used are analysis of financial ratios and descriptive analysis. The results show The District/parent city and District/city expansion has a ratio of self-reliance, degree of fiscal decentralization and a fluency index of routine capabilities, were.

PENDIDIKAN ISLAMICPRENEURSHIP DAN KONEKSINYA DENGAN NIAT PRAKTIK WIRAUSAHA ISLAMI MAHASISWA PTKIN WILAYAH SUMATERA

The level of entrepreneurship in a country is an important assessment of economic growth and social welfare. Even though Indonesia has achieved an entrepreneurship ratio of 3.47%, the figure is still behind neighboring countries. Economic stability also depends on the number of entrepreneurs exceeding 14% of the population. Higher education has a key role in creating entrepreneurs who are skilled and responsive to the competitive labor market. However, the implementation of entrepreneurship education has not been evenly distributed. In Indonesia, Islamic Religious Universities (PTKI) have the potential to advance Islamicpreneurship. This study explores the influence of PTKI Islamicpreneurship education on students' entrepreneurial intentions using the TPB approach. This research highlights the importance of developing Islamicpreneurship at PTKI Indonesia as a significant contribution in promoting Islamic business ethics and sustainable economic growth. This study chose a survey-based quantitative approach involving 150 PTKI students in the Sumatra Region. Data collection was carried out online and the data collected was analyzed using the Structurak Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square technique. The research results show that Islamicpreneurship education has a positive effect on the attitudes and social norms of PTKI students. A positive attitude motivates them to become entrepreneurs in accordance with Islamic values, such as justice and blessing. Social norms influence their intentions to start Islamic entrepreneurship, with positive social pressure from peers and the community. However, perceived behavioral control did not have a significant impact on entrepreneurial intentions. Practical recommendations for Islamic Religious Universities (PTKI) and the Indonesian Ministry of Religion include strengthening the curriculum with Islamicpreneurship material, training with Islamic business practitioners, developing Islamic business projects, research, establishing an Islamicpreneurship Study Center, and financial support. The Indonesian Ministry of Religion must also support PTKI collaboration with industry and monitor Islamicpreneurship programs. Implementation of these recommendations will strengthen Islamic education in Indonesia and provide broad benefits.

Efforts to Maintain the Existence of Tepak Dance at Sang Putri Sriwijaya Studio

Tepak dance is one of the traditional arts originating from the South Sumatra region, especially the city of Palembang, which is one of the artistic treasures in the city of Palembang. This dance is a traditional South Sumatran dance created by Mrs. Sukaina Rojak and Mrs. Tina Hajigong in 1945. The origin of the formation of this tepak dance is taken from the Tanggai Dance movement and also the Gending Sriwijaya Dance, in terms of the movement it is the same but in terms of the lyrics of the song it is different, as time goes by the Tepak Dance undergoes changes or reforms, namely in terms of different floor patterns. The Tanggai dance does not stand up, while the Tepak dance has a standing movement, namely when the Stupa and Borobudur are doing the movement, they stand up and form a straight line. The purpose of this study is to find out and describe efforts to preserve the Tepak Dance in the city of Palembang. The method used in this research is Qualitative Description, with the object of this research is Tepak Dance and the informant in this study is Aunt Lina Muchtar, data collection was carried out by researchers through observation, interviews and documentation. Based on the findings of this study, Palembang residents know about Tepak Dance and its business or existence. Because, until now the Tepak Dance is still often performed at various events since today. Artists and studios have participated in the development of the Tepak dance, including the Sang Putri Palembang studio, and have contributed to the continued existence of the Tepak dance.

Identification of Moho Discontinuity Depth and Subduction Slab in Bengkulu and South Sumatra Region using Receiver Function Method: A Preliminary Result

Bengkulu and South Sumatra regions are areas with high seismic activity due to faults and subduction zones. This study aims to analyze the depth of the Moho discontinuity layer and subduction slab under 4 BMKG seismic stations that form a perpendicular line of trench in the Bengkulu and South Sumatra areas. The distribution of stations used are Enggano Station (EGSI) in the front arc islands, Manna Station (MNAI) in the front arc basin, Pagar Alam Station (PKSI) in the volcanic-arc zone, and Lahat Station (LHSI) in the proto-volcanic zone. We selected teleseismic earthquake data with a distance of 30°-90° from the stations and magnitudes above 6 (M>6). For the identification of Moho and slab depths, we used analysis of receiver functions with iterative time domain deconvolution and migration of receiver functions with the AK-135 velocity model. The Oceanic Moho layer and the subduction slab under the EGSI Station were identified at depths of 34 km and 23 km respectively, under the MNAI Station the Moho layer and the subduction slab were identified at a depth of 18 km and 87 km respectively, under the PKSI Station the Moho layer and the subduction slab were identified at a depth of 34 km and 129 km respectively, and under the LHSI Station the Moho layer and subduction slab were identified at depths of 35 km and 175 km respectively.

Antioxidant Activity and Amino Acid Profile of "Dadih" from Various Regions in West Sumatra, Indonesia

Dadih or curd is a traditional product typical of West Sumatra which is made through natural fermentation using the lactobacillus plantarum bacteria in bamboo. Each region in West Sumatra makes curd in various ways that affect its quality. This study aims to determine the amino acid profile and antioxidant activity of curd from various regions in West Sumatra. The study was conducted by testing curd from 4 main curd center regions, namely Bukittinggi, Payakumbuh, Batusangkar and Alahan Panjang. Certain tests were applied to assess the protein content using the Kjedahl method, amino acids content using the HPLC method and antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. The test results showed that curd from Payakumbuh had a higher protein and amino acid content compared to other regions. Furthermore, such curd had the highest level of antioxidant activity towards free radicals compared to other regions, with an IC50 value of 95.11 ± 0.40 mg/kg, which was included in the strong category. There was a significant relationship between amino acid content and antioxidant activity of curd. It can be concluded that curd from Payakumbuh had the best amino acid content and antioxidant activity compared to other regions in West Sumatra.

INTERNALIZATION OF RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL VALUES AS CAREER GUIDANCE CONTENT FOR URBAN AND RURAL MUSLIM STUDENTS’

The career development tasks of urban and rural Muslim students tend to experience obstacles, especially when they are in the final semester of college. This situation and condition needs to be addressed responsively by educators and managers of career development centers in every Islamic university in particular. Various approaches have been taken in an effort to facilitate student career development, but the limited content of career guidance has not maximized religious and cultural values systematically and comprehensively. The purpose of this study is to describe the career guidance model and examine cultural values and religion in several PTKI in the Sumatra region. The method in this research uses a qualitative approach and is analyzed using descriptive methods and content analysis. The process of collecting data through interviews and analyzing data triangulation by comparing some field findings to expert informants. The results of this study found several religious and cultural values that can be used as content or discussion themes in the career guidance process. The results of this study found that religious values related to career or one's success are listed in QS Al-Ahzab: 70, At-Taubah: 105, An-Nahl: 78, HR. Ahmad Ibnu Abid Dunya, Ath-Thabrani, & Al-Baihaqi, HR Tirmidzi and Al- Hakim. Some cultural values that can be the content of career guidance are related to the values of honesty, enthusiasm for learning, hard work, adaptation, and understanding of human weaknesses and strengths.

Sulam Project: Tuberculosis (TB) Health Education for Primary School Students as a community service collaboration between the Department of Biology FMIPA UNP and UPSI Malaysia

Tuberculosis (TB) is a global issue that is a priority in both Indonesia and Malaysia. Since being designated by WHO at 1993 as a global public health threat, Tuberculosis (TB) has become one of the top 10 leading causes of death worldwide. Recently, the number of Tuberculosis (TB) patients in Indonesia has increased, especially paediatric TB cases. In addition, Tuberculosis (TB) cases also increased in Malaysia. For the West Sumatra region, the highest number of TB patients is in Padang City. Since Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease that can affect anyone including children, the school environment as one of the places where children gather and interact has the opportunity to be a place for the spread of TB cases as well as having an important role in preventing TB transmission. However, in reality, the role of schools in early prevention efforts related to Tuberculosis (TB) disease in children, especially elementary school students, is still not optimal. In line with this, Tuberculosis (TB) disease is closely related to the human respiratory system which is one of the topics discussed in the human anatomy and physiology course in the MBKM activity between the Department of Biology FMIPA UNP and the Department of Biology UPSI. Therefore, it is necessary to make preventive efforts in the form of Tuberculosis prevention education. The results of community service are that several stages of community service activities have been carried out regarding Tuberculosis (TB) prevention education for elementary school students, namely the students involved are enthusiastic about the activities held, then pre-service biology teacher are also actively engaged in preparing and carrying out this activity and students' knowledge related to general knowledge, symptoms, their relationship with the respiratory system and prevention efforts are classified as good.

STUDI TERJEMAH AL QURAN KAWASAN ASIA TENGGARA

Translation of the Quran is an important topic to be studied academically as the transfer of language from the source language to the target language is not an easy task. Translation must also take into account the culture, social conditions, and language used to render the language of the Quran into a language understandable by the people in the Southeast Asian region. The purpose of this research is to enhance the understanding and accessibility of the language of the Quran in the Southeast Asian region. Through this study, it is revealed that the translation of the Quran originated from the Malay region of Sumatra and later spread throughout Southeast Asia through various Quranic scholars who studied the Quran in the Arabian Peninsula, the place where the Quran was revealed.

Trends and determinants of early initiation of breastfeeding in Indonesia: A multivariate decomposition analysis.

Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) is key to reducing neonatal morbidity and mortality, however, little is known about the determinants of the trends of EIBF prevalence in Indonesia. This study aims to assess the contributing factors to the changes in the prevalence of EIBF between 2007 and 2017. We analysed data from the 2007, 2012, and 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Surveys to estimate the trends in EIBF. A multivariate logistic decomposition model was fitted to examine variables associated with changes in the percentage of EIBF from 2007 to 2017. The contributing factors to changes in EIBF prevalence were categorized into either compositional or behavioural changes, with each of them divided into portions or percentages of contribution (pct) of the independent variables. The former refers to the changes in the distribution of samples, while the latter refers to the changes in the behavioural responses toward EIBF in both surveys. All analyses accounted for the complex study design and potential confounding factors. An increase in the prevalence of EIBF from 49.9% to 56.5% was recorded between 2012 and 2017, with an overall increase of 16.9 percentage points from 2007 to 2017. At the aggregate level, the compositional differences did not significantly contribute to the changes in the percentage of EIBF, while 98.3pct (p < 0.001) was associated with changes in mothers' behavioural response towards EIBF. The composition changes in the geographical region of Sumatra, and caesarean delivery negatively contributed to the changes in EIBF prevalence with -0.6pct and -14.2pct, respectively. However, the compositional differences in those living in Kalimantan & Sulawesi, first-time mothers, and small-born infants positively contributed to the change. Behaviour changes in mothers with higher education (8.8pct), from higher income households (-17.5pct), and those residing in Sumatra (-8.2pct) and Kalimantan & Sulawesi (-10.2pct) significantly contributed to the upward trend in EIBF prevalence. Almost half of the newborns experienced delayed breastfeeding initiation despite the improvement in the prevalence of EIBF. Therefore, further research and interventions on behaviour change in mother's attitudes towards EIBF, especially among those undergoing caesarean delivery, living in Kalimantan or Sulawesi, and from wealthier households, are recommended to close this gap.

Critical Factors for Evaluating the Police Human Resources Performance: the Case of South Sumatra Regional Police Office

Objective: This study aims to analyze the effect of compliance as a determinant variable of Police member performance in addition to specialist education and development, workload, and work experience. Theoretical reference: This research requires a basic performance theory that will serve as a grand theory that explains how member education and development, workload, and work experience play a role in controlling member compliance, so as to improve performance. The performance intended in this study is individual performance, namely the performance of members of the National Police in the form of work results based on standards set in the National Police Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2018 concerning Performance Appraisal for Members of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia with a Performance Management System. Method: This research method uses a quantitative approach through surveys. The population is police members in the South Sumatra Police work unit which amounted to 6,743 with a research sample of 378 consisting of 85 leadership elements, the remaining 293 were police members. Analytical techniques using the structural equation model (SEM) approach. Results and Conclusions: The results showed that there was an influence between Education and Specialist Development, workload, and experience on the compliance of South Sumatra Regional Police Members. Specialist Education and Development, workload, and compliance affect performance, while work experience has no effect. Education and development of specialists, workload, and work experience affected member compliance by 88.4%, the remaining 11.6% were influenced by other variables not studied in the study. Search Implications: An understanding of the relationship between workload and compliance can assist policing in planning and managing member workloads more effectively. These efforts can be made to ensure that the workload of police officers can be managed without compromising compliance. Originality/value: Research that specifically shows the relationship between compliance and performance in the context of South Sumatra Regional Police may provide new insights, especially if this relationship can be interpreted or applied differently from previous research.

Exploring Factors Affecting Physical Health Perception Through Sports Participation: A PLS-SEM Approach

This study aims to test models related to the influence of self-leadership, social relationships, and sports skill orientation on perceived physical health through sports participation. Data analysis was analyzed using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method by determining content validity, Average Variance Extracted (AVE), Inner Model, and Hypothesis testing. 1,351 volunteers participated in this study. They are from 18 regions in West Sumatra. Data collection techniques in this study used survey techniques through google forms and circulated via WhatsApp social media. The results showed: 1) relationship has a significant effect on physical health perception (t-count&gt; t-table) =13.437&gt; 1.966. 2) Self-leadership has no significant effect on physical health perception (t-count &lt; t-table) = 0.189 &gt; 1.966. 3) Self Leadership has a significant effect on relationships (t-count&gt; t-table) =20.598&gt; 1.966. 4) Self Leadership has a significant effect on skill orientation (t-count&gt; t-table) = 65.769&gt; 1.966. 5) Skill Orientation has a significant effect on Physical Health Perception (t-count&gt; t-table) =3.387&gt; 1.966. 6) Skill Orientation has no significant effect on Relationship (t-count &lt; t-table) =1.065 &gt; 1.966. Thus, self-leadership does not directly influence physical health but affects social relationships and exercise skill orientation. These two variables directly affect people's perception of being physically healthy. The results of this study can be helpful for designing more effective strategies for improving perceptions of physical health through developing self-leadership, strengthening social relationships, and improving exercise skill orientation. Keywords: Self Leadership, Social Relationship, Sport Skill, Perception of Physical Health

Pempek Palembang: history, food making tradition, and ethnic identity

Pempek is one of the renowned dishes from Palembang, famous throughout Indonesia, particularly in South Sumatra. Crafted from a blend of ground fish meat, tapioca, water, and seasonings, this dish is typically served with Cuko sauce. The resulting flavor is a harmonious combination of saltiness, spiciness, and umami, thereby making Pempek an exquisite culinary creation. Pempek holds a significant place in the cultural, historical, geographical, and lifestyle identity of Palembang and has also endured through time. Therefore, this study explained the origin and development of the traditional food, Pempek, and its influence on society, ultimately shaping it as a Palembang identity. A historical approach was utilized in the study, which involved several stages, such as heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and narration (historiography). The result showed that the production of Pempek depended on the availability of raw materials in the South Sumatra region, such as fish, sago, and brown sugar. Its history was traced back to the Srivijaya Inscription (682 AD) and the Sultanate of Palembang, a cultural hub that introduced various foods, including Pempek. The Nginum culture supported the development of Pempek distinct flavor and aroma, making it a daily staple. In the early twentieth century, Pempek started to be produced on a limited basis for sale, eventually becoming a widespread industry. The archives from various government and private sector events showed that Pempek has become increasingly famous in Indonesia and around the world over the last 20 years. This growth can be attributed to the fact that Pempek is a significant souvenir for migrants, a symbol of Palembang City, and has a positive impact on the local economy. Therefore, future studies need to explore developments in the production of Pempek and its impact on the economy of South Sumatra.

Fungsi Anggaran Sebagai Alat Perencanaan Dan Pengendalian Pada Birorena Polda Sumut

In this journal the author analyzes the crucial role of the budget as the main tool in planning and control at the North Sumatra Regional Police Bureau (North Sumatra). This research covers budget allocation, budget integration in the planning process, as well as implemented budget control strategies. The research results show that the North Sumatra Regional Police Bureau effectively uses the budget as a guide for the smooth running of activities, programs and projects that support the North Sumatra Regional Police's strategic objectives. The budget also functions as a control instrument that allows monitoring of expenditure and identifying deviations for taking corrective action. Good coordination between the Bureaurena and other units in the North Sumatra Regional Police strengthens the effectiveness of budget use. In its discussion, this journal provides recommendations for improvement, including increasing the efficiency of the planning process, strengthening coordination between units, and implementing more innovative budget control strategies. The conclusion highlights the importance of viewing the budget not just as an administrative tool, but also as a catalyst for achieving overall organizational goals. This journal provides practical insights for similar organizations in improving their management budgets to achieve more optimal performance.

Koreografi Tari Rancak Sumatera Di Sanggar Silodang Production Kota Padang

The purpose of this study was to explain the choreography of Sumatran Rancak Dance at Sanggar Silodang Production Kota Padang. The type of research used is qualitative research with descriptive methods of analysis. This research instrument is the researcher himself and is assisted by supporting instruments such as stationery and cameras. Data were collected through literature study, observation, interviews, and documentation. The steps of analyzing data are data collection, data reduction, data presentation and data verification. The results showed that the choreography process carried out by choreographers has stages such as ideas / themes, exploration, improvisation, and composition. So from the process carried out by the choreographer produces the following aspects of form: motion, space design, time design, power design, upper design, dramatic design, floor design, group composition, equipment, and music. Sumatran Rancak dance has several types of movements consisting of movement developments from the regions of Aceh, Medan, Riau, and West Sumatra which are worked on by choreographers with the concept of entertainment. The costumes used have been created and modified using bludru brackets, metered songket, shoulder tokah, shoulder scarves, belts, and complete accessories for female dancers. As for male dancers, they wear satin, galembong, batik deta, and silodang cloth. Sumatran Rancak dance uses the plate property at the end of this dance with a plate size of 5.

Supply Chain Analysis of Traditional Fish Catches of Bagan Deli City Medan and Bagan Percut of Deli Serdang District

Traditional fishermen are fishermen who catch fish in waters which are traditional fishing rights that have been used for generations by local culture and wisdom. Fish is a marine product that is easily damaged or perishable, and this is due to enzymatic activity in the fish's body and the activity of microorganisms due to wrong handling. The cities of Medan and Deli Serdang are areas that have good potential for marine products. Enjoying fish products from the sea by consumers, fish distribution was carried out at Belawan Port, precisely at Belawan Ocean Fisheries Port and Fish Auction Place Bagan Percut, Deli Serdang. This study looks at the supply chain or supply chain for traditional fishermen in the North Sumatra region, especially in Medan City and Deli Serdang Regency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research. The results of the study found that the supply chain of most fishermen caught in Bagan Deli through agents and distributors of fish was then brought to the market or auction place. There are also fishermen in Bagan Deli who directly sell their catch at the local market where the fishing group is located, namely the Bagan Deli and Belawan Traditional Markets. Meanwhile, Bagan Percut of Deli Serdang Regency shows that the role of fish agents and distributors in the supply chain of capture fishermen is very influential. Through these fish agents and distributors, distribution channels can be determined based on the amount or amount of fish caught.

Police Intelligence in Resolving Land Conflicts: Case Study of Land Conflict Resolution for the Construction of the Great Mosque in South Solok

Land conflict is something that is quite normal in Indonesia. In this case, land conflicts in the West Sumatra region occur quite often, because the existence of ulayat land is legally recognized by the state, and is included in Regional Regulations. The land conflict for the construction of the grand mosque in South Solok district has a complicated nature, where the problem which initially only involved the Regional Government and Kerinci Mitra Plantation widened to involve many parties including 2 (two) large mass organizations; to the indigenous people of the Rantau XII Koto Tribe Group who claim to have customary land in the area and make problems even more complicated which have the potential for horizontal conflict to emerge in the South Solok area. This research aims to see the role of police intelligence in resolving land conflicts with a case study of resolving land conflicts over the construction of a grand mosque in the South Solok district. The research method in this journal is a type of qualitative research that refers to a case study of land conflicts over the construction of the South Solok Grand Mosque. Interviews and document studies are used as data for analysis and decision-making. This research found that Police Intelligence has an important role in resolving conflicts in the context of maintaining security and order in society. In resolving land conflicts, police intelligence can act as a liaison between land owners, local communities, legal authorities, and other related parties. By facilitating dialogue, negotiation, or mediation, police intelligence can help reach a solution that is acceptable to all parties involved (win-win solution).

Fostering Student Spirituality through Eschatological Understanding in the Frame of Christian Education

The lives of the younger generation continue to be attacked by the spirit of an increasingly secular and immoral era, and especially students. This study aims to provide an eschatological picture that boils down to ethical and moral values required to foster student spirituality. This study used a quantitative approach with instruments in the form of a questionnaire. Respondents were students of a state religious institute in the Sumatra region, with a sample size of 100 people being utilized. The data was analyzed using simple linear regression. From field tests, it was found that understanding values in eschatology affects students' spirituality by 74.3%, while 25.7% is influenced by other factors. The Apostle Paul's eschatology influenced his ethical actions and he was obedient to God, living according to God's will, living a life pleasing to God, and doing holy things with the hope of living forever with God in His eternal Kingdom. Spirituality, is a multifaceted quality involving a deep search for answers to life’s “big questions” and of course the end-times and eschatology are the greatest issue for Christians and critical aspects to learn about if spirituality is to be enhanced in students.

Pengaruh Pendapatan Asli Daerah, Dana Alokasi Umum Dan Kinerja Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Terhadap Belanja Modal: Studi Kasus Pada Kabupaten Dan Kota Di Wilayah Sumatera Selatan

This study aims to determine the effect of Local Own Revenue, General Allocation Funds and Regional Government Financial Performance on Capital Expenditures in districts and cities in the South Sumatra region. The object of this research is the district and city governments in the South Sumatra region, totaling 17 local governments and the research years from 2015 to 2019. The data used are secondary data and the research sample is a saturated sample because all research objects are sampled. The analysis technique uses multiple regression and the data is processed using SPSS software. The results showed that based on the simultaneous test, the variables of Regional Original Income, General Allocation Funds and Regional Government Financial Performance had a significant effect on capital expenditure. Based on the partial test, the variables of Regional Own-Owned Income and Regional Government Financial Performance as measured by the Level of Regional Wealth have a significant effect on Capital Expenditures while the General Allocation Fund variable has no significant effect on Capital Expenditures.