Regencies In Indonesia Research Articles

Economy And Welfare as Local Government Performance During Election Period

<p><strong><em>One of study in Public Management was government performance, and this research conduct to measure local government performance especially during the election period. Performance measurement uses a performance score based on Indonesian Ministry of Home Affairs. The aim is to analyze the economy and welfare on performance during the 2016 Mayor/Regent election period. This study used a sample of 174 cities and regencies in Indonesia during the 2016 election period. The research method is regression based on panel data. The dependent variable is Government Performance and independent variables are the economy (GDP) and the population's welfare. The control variables use total assets and legislative measures. The study results are welfare had significant effect on region performance, economy has no effect on performance. These results explain a change in the leader, either the Mayor/Regent, so that performance measurement provides better effectiveness during the election. The research contribution explains that there is an increase in welfare when the election occurs, reinforced by the interest to win the election to create a good image for the Mayor / Regent to be re-elected.</em></strong></p><p><strong>Keywords: Government Performance, Elections, City, Public Management.</strong></p>

Perbandingan Pengaruh Iklan Rokok terhadap Perilaku Merokok Remaja di Daerah Kota dan Desa Kabupaten Pamekasan

Background: Data shows that smoking behavior in adolescents in Indonesia is a health problem that still deserves to be considered. Data shows that the prevalence of smoking in the population aged 10-18 in 2013-2018 in Indonesia has increased, namely Riskesdas 2013 (7.2%), Riskesdas 2016 (8.8%), and Riskesdas 2018 (9.1%). Pamekasan is one of the regencies in Indonesia that has a teen smoking rate of 25.64% (Riskesdas, 2018) with outdoor cigarette advertisements that are still scattered, especially in urban areas. Purpose: Analyzing the influence of cigarette advertising in Pamekasan Regency, by emphasizing comparisons in urban areas and village areas in Pamekasan Regency.. Method: This study is an observational study. In terms of time, the study was cross-sectional because the data collection, which includes free variables and bound variables, was conducted over a period of time. Sampling through online questionnaires by random methods. Results: There is a significant influence between the role of cigarette advertising on adolescent behavior in urban areas with a value of p = 0.029 (OR 2.718 95% CI 1,110-6,652). There was no influence on adolescents in rural areas. Conclusion: A communication message that can affect adolescent smoking behavior in urban areas is cigarette advertising, regardless of how many times the frequency of exposure.

PERAN PEMUKA AGAMA YANG TERGABUNG DALAM FKUB DALAM MERAWAT TOLERANSI DI KOTA SINGKAWANG

Tolerance between religious communities in Singkawang City can bewell maintained without escape from the role of religious leaders whoare members of the Religious Harmony Forum or FKUB SingkawangCity. The religious leaders are representatives of religious communityorganizations in Singkawang City. Research on the role of religiousleaders in maintaining tolerance in Singkawang City is importantbecause Singkawang City is expected to become a reference for othercities and regencies in Indonesia in building tolerance betweenreligious communities in order to create harmony and peace insociety. The research approach used in this study is a qualitativeapproach with ethnographic methods. The role of religious leaders inmaintaining tolerance in Singakawang City can be done in variousways, (1) Religious leaders in Singkawang City, in maintaining inter-religious harmony, conduct inter-religious dialogue. (2) In increasingtolerance between religious communities in Singkawang City, theefforts made by religious leaders are to transmit peaceful messages oftolerance in accordance with the teachings of the books of eachreligion. (3) In increasing the intensity of communication betweenfollowers of different religions in Singkawang City, religious leaderscan integrate into the community in a socio-cultural context

Sustainable Agricultural Systems Upstream of the Citarum Watershed: Social, Economic and Environmental Implications

The Citarum watershed is Indonesia’s most degraded watershed. This is due to upstream agricultural practices that are harmful to the environment, such as the expansion of vegetable crops into steep areas and the destruction of forest areas. The upstream watershed’s management is critical to the overall watershed’s long-term viability. The purpose of this paper was to examine the characteristics of agriculture upstream of the Citarum watershed, as well as its social, economic, and environmental consequences. The participants in this study were 500 farmers from 22 villages in 14 sub-districts in the administrative areas of Bandung and West Bandung Regencies in Indonesia’s West Java Province. The following were the findings of a quantitative data analysis supplemented with qualitative data: 1. Farmers are typically productive adults with a low level of education (graduated from elementary school) who cultivate the main vegetable commodity using a combination of monoculture and intercropping techniques. 2. Due to financial constraints and a scarcity of land, farmers have been forced to cultivate state-owned forests and plantations using less environmentally friendly agricultural methods. 3. Farmers’ actions have an impact on critical land, river pollution, landslides that cause silting, and the Saguling reservoir’s lifespan. The key to implementing environmentally friendly agricultural practices in the short term is to structure agricultural practices with environmentally friendly technology. Furthermore, long-term sustainable solutions such as increasing human resource capacity, optimizing natural resource management, and utilizing social capital need to be addressed in the future.
 Keywords: scarcity of land, Citarum watershed, sustainable agriculture

Analysis of competitive and comparative advantages of potato production in Indonesia.

Fundamental issues in sustainable development of competitive potato production in Indonesia are production and distribution inefficiencies. This study aims to examine the potato production competitiveness through competitive and comparative analyses as well as evaluating the impacts of government policy on potato production. This study employs Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) to analyse the cross-section data collected from six regencies in Indonesia. Potato production in Indonesia was profitable privately and socially. The highest value of competitive advantage was indicated by PCR value in the dry season in Wonosobo Regency, Central Java Province. The lowest values were found in Bandung Regency. Highest comparative advantage was revealed in Tanah Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province, during the rainy season. Highest comparative advantage was found in Bandung Regency, West Java Province, in the dry season. However, the social profit was lower than the private profit indicating the potato farmers dealt with disincentives due to imperfect market. It implies that increasing domestic potato production will be more profitable rather than import. The policy makers need to evaluate the recent policies on input and output markets as well as the supply chain of potato to cope with imperfect markets in order to increase farmers’ income.

Predicting Sugar Balance as the Impact of Land-Use/Land-Cover Change Dynamics in a Sugarcane Producing Regency in East Java, Indonesia

Lamongan Regency is one of Indonesia’s regencies in Indonesia that contribute to the country’s sugarcane and sugar production. Land-use/land-cover changes (LULC) have happened in various areas, including Lamongan Regency in East Java, Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the impact of land-use/land-cover change (LULCC) in 2007–2031 on the sugar balance in the Lamongan Regency in 2031. The LULC forecast in 2031 was made using R studio using the CLUE-s function in the LULCC package. Following that, the sugar requirements and sugar balance in Lamongan Regency in 2031 were forecasts. The kappa accuracy of the LULC model tested in 2019 was 0.81 when using the CLUE-s model in R studio’s LULCC package. The findings of the LULC prediction in Lamongan Regency for 2031 indicated that there could be significant changes in LULC, resulting in an estimated reduction in 1,687.5 ha sugarcane, influenced by LULC competition for built-up areas. The Built-up areas in Lamongan Regency have exploded in size as a result of population. An increase in built-up areas and a reduction in sugarcane plantations as a result of LULCC are expected to diminish the sugar balance in Lamongan Regency by 10,470.76 tons in 2031 when compared to 2019. The results of this study can be utilized to prevent uncontrolled LULCC in the future to meet sugar needs in Lamongan Regency and at the national level.

Forest and Peatland Fire Severity Assessment at Siak Regency, Riau Province using Sentinel-2 Imagery

Siak Regency, Riau Province is one of the most forest and land fire-prone regencies in Indonesia. Most of the fires occur in peatland areas which contributes to the transboundary haze pollution in the region. Despite limited studies, fire severity assessment is an essential step in post-fire activities to estimate ecological impacts and economic impacts and law enforcement. This study aims to estimate fire severity using Sentinel-2 imagery at Siak Regency, Riau Province. The methods applied Normalized Burn Ratio on Sentinel-2 Imagery as an identification model based on reflectance value for 2019 imagery. The study revealed that burned areas in Siak Regency could be classified into four fire severity classes: low fire severity, moderate-low fire severity, moderate-high fire severity, and high fire severity. High fire severity was found mainly at Sungai Apit and Mempura Districts.

Identification of aquifer zone in the southern part of Sukoharjo Regency using VES method as a means of irrigation of agricultural land

Sukoharjo is one of the regencies in Indonesia that is famous for its agricultural land. Sukoharjo itself has 12 sub districts spread evenly throughout. In recent years, there have been many conflicts of irrigation water shortages for agricultural land. Therefore, research was conducted on the aquifer zone of the southern district of Sukoharjo. The research was conducted by Vertical Electrical Sounding method to determine the structure of soil in order to improve the efficiency of deep groundwater drilling for irrigation. The study used Schlumberger’s configuration with a target zone of deep aquifers for agricultural irrigation. The length of the track used is 275-300 meters. As a result of the study, it is suspected that the aquifer zone in southern Sukoharjo Regency has a depth of about 11.54-83.93 meters below the subsurface. The soil structure in south of Sukoharjo is dominated by sandy clay layers, limestone layers, and sedimentary layers.

Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) Pemetaan Lahan Pertanian dan Komoditas Hasil Panen Di Kabupaten Sidrap Berbasis Web

One of the regencies in Indonesia, whose people are mainly engaged in agriculture is Sidrap (Sidenreng Rappang). However, it is still difficult to monitor and report agricultural products and production by relying on telephone and sms only to send information on agricultural products and production results due to the difficulty of users understanding the computerized systems provided such as using Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Word which are still difficult for some users, then the data sent only in the form of messages that are intended upon arrival to the relevant agency. Based on the above background, this study aims to create an Web-based Geographical Information System. This research method uses field research methods (Field Research) and literature review (Literature Study). 
 The results of this study are a Web-Based Geographical Information System (GIS) Mapping Agricultural Land and Commodities Application in Sidrap Regency, namely this application can make it easier to handle the process of agricultural data collection and production results, with monitoring system data collection and data validation reported by the admin (extension officer).

PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PELAKSANAAN PPKM DARURAT DI KABUPATEN GARUT

The Covid-19 pandemic is increasing throughout Indonesia. Due to this, the handling of covid-19 is very important to do to overcome the spread of the covid-19 virus because if there is no handling of this virus it will endanger public health. As we know COVID-19 can cause mild to severe symptoms. There are about 80% of mild symptoms (runny nose, sore throat, cough, and fever) that do not require special treatment but there are also people who suffer from severe symptoms, such as with pneumonia or difficulty breathing, which usually appear gradually. One of the efforts to deal with COVID-19 is to implement the PPKM (Enforcement of Community Activity Restrictions) policy. None other than the goal is to foster public compliance with health protocols, prevent covid-19, and suppress the spread of COVID-19, so that the tourism and creative economy sector (tourism and creative economy) will bounce back and the economic sector will recover soon. Garut Regency is one of the regencies in Indonesia that also applies this PPKM regulation. This is the background of the author to examine the participation of the people of Garut Regency during the implementation of PPKM in an effort to handle COVID-19. This study aims to find out how the role of the people of Garut Regency and what changes occur during the implementation of PPKM in Garut Regency. The research method used is a literature study by elaborating research that is relevant to the concept of empowering local communities. In one related study, it was stated that community participation in the implementation of emergency PPKM in Garut Regency showed significant results. Therefore, through this program-based idea, we are able to achieve optimal implementation of emergency PPKM so as to increase the health status as high as possible.
 
 Keywords: Covid-19, Community Participation, PPKM, Health protocol

Pelatihan English for Tourism Berbasis Communicative Language Teaching untuk Staf Dinas Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Kudus

Kudus is one of the regencies in Indonesia that has a lot of tourism potential such as nature, pilgrimage, and culinary tourism. The number of domestic and foreign tourists visiting Kudus increases every year. However, this enormous tourism potential is not adequately supported by the tourism human resources. Many staffs of tourism and culture department of Kudus still lack of English for tourism proficiency to interact with foreign tourists. This community service aims at increasing the English for tourism proficiency of the staffs of the tourism and culture department of Kudus through Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) based English training. This training was completed with role play practice in Cigarette museum of Kudus. Through this training, the staffs of tourism and culture department of Kudus can have good English for tourism proficiency that make them able to interact with foreign tourists and in the end increase tourism in Kudus. Kata kunci: English for tourism, pariwisata, communicative language teaching, staf dinas pariwisata dan kebudayaan

Land-use Decisions in Complex Commons: Engaging Multiple Stakeholders through Foresight and Scenario Building in Indonesia.

In the midst of global change uncertainties, Indonesian spatial planning authorities are developing 20-year strategies. However, the lack of collaborative engagement of stakeholders and unclear methodology around using futures studies in addressing land management undermine such plans and affect environmental governance. A crucial question is how to link a future-oriented process with governance transformation processes, particularly related to land-use planning and management. To address this issue, we used a co-elaborative scenario-building approach, referred to as participatory prospective analysis (PPA), to facilitate the creation of local multistakeholder platforms considering future-oriented perspectives. The PPA design combines equally the knowledge of local communities, technical experts and decision-makers, and was applied in a series of sequential multistakeholder workshops in two regencies in Indonesia, followed by public consultations on the main results. In both regencies, participants agreed on a common topic related to spatial planning in their jurisdiction to be explored with a 20-year time horizon. They reached consensus on relevant variables, analyzed their dependence/influence, and developed several plausible yet contrasting scenarios for land management and road maps with guidelines for the implementation of desired outcomes. The PPA approach stimulated stakeholder engagement and ensured that more local voices were not only heard but also duly included in the process. It allowed participants to consider strategies that would otherwise have been less readily accepted by their respective organizations. It showed that it is possible to improve existing spatial planning processes in Indonesia by integrating tools for a more inclusive and long-term future-oriented collaborative approach.

Reducing Maternal Mortality: A Qualitative Study of Health Workers’ Expectation in Urban Area, Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Maternal mortality is a sentinel event used globally to monitor maternal health and the overall quality of reproductive health care. Globally, maternal mortality is mostly due to direct causes; apparently, it is not limited by the setting or geographic region. However, Indonesia has failed to achieve the Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) target for maternal mortality.
 AIM: This study aims to explore health workers' and stakeholders' expectations in maternal health services to reduce maternal mortality in urban areas.
 METHODS: It is qualitative research through naturalistic, conducted in one of the regencies in Indonesia, the urban area with the highest Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in one province by 2019. Data were obtained in the form of information from Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). FGDs were carried out with stakeholders at the Health Service level (n=3), first-level health facilities or public health centres (n=3), and advanced health facilities or hospitals (n=7). Data analysis in this study employed software (Nvivo Release 1.0) to utilise transcripts in coding and categorising.
 RESULTS: The expectations that emerged from health workers' perspectives in the field were an integrated system of collaboration between health facilities, affordability of Hospital with Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric Care (CEmOC) in action for maternal-neonatal referral urgency, and the skilled health workers as a golden opportunity.
 CONCLUSION: Health workers’ expectations can improve the quality of maternal health services in urban areas, thereby reducing the MMR with a system of collaboration between health facilities, the affordability of maternal-neonatal emergency referral facilities, and the availability of Obstetricians who standby.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF INDONESIA’S SUGAR INDUSTRY BASED ON ECONOMIC FRAMEWORK: STOCHASTIC METAFRONTIER ANALYSIS

This study investigates the efficiency of energy use and technology gap in the Indonesian sugar industry and the factors influencing energy efficiency. Using the firm-level data of sugar mills in 42 regencies in Indonesia from 2010 to 2014, this study applies the meta stochastic frontier based on the input distance function. The metafrontier analysis is applied in sugar mills in the East Java province and other provinces in Indonesia. All the data used in this study are the secondary data taken from the Indonesian Central Board of Statistics. The results reveal that there is a large room to save energy consumption in this industry. The mills in East Java provinces have higher energy efficiency, technology gap ratio, and metafrontier energy efficiency compared to the mills in other provinces. According to the metafrontier energy efficiency, energy inefficiencies in both groups come from operational inefficiency and technology gap. The size of the mills and age of the mills have a positive relationship with the energy efficiency of sugar mills and the size of the mills is positively related to the technology gap ratio. Meanwhile, the productivity of labor and the types of ownership do not affect the energy efficiency and technology gap.

An early investigation of spatial correlation between Sentinel-2 based rice growth stages maps with satellite-based precipitation data to support digital agriculture development in Indonesia

Sustainability of rice production is a critical issue to ensure food security and needs to be monitored on time. Therefore, the online monitoring system using Sentinel-2 has been introduced to monitor rice fields in Indonesia. However, the system needs to be coupled with precipitation to improve user usage. In this study, the spatial correlation using Pearson’s correlation analysis and linear regression between the floods and the vegetative stages area of the rice monitoring maps and the precipitation data from CHIRPS was investigated. The analysis was conducted with the two datasets with 439 regencies in Indonesia on a monthly basis from December 2019 until May 2020. The result shows that 96 regencies have a highly positive correlation (r>0.6, p>0.05, n=6) with 57 regencies have a high R2 (R 2 >0.6). Also, there are 83 regencies has a profoundly negative correlation (r≤-0.6, p<0.05, n=6) with 32 regencies with high R2 (R 2 >0.6), On the other hand, there are 79 regencies have medium R2 (0.4≤R 2 <0.6), and 271 regencies have the lowest R2 value (R 2 ≤0.4). These early-stage results show an opportunity to combine two datasets to produce early warning systems or recommended cropping calendar in a timely and accurate manner to the stakeholders or the farmers.

An Overview of KMP. Gorare Route Tanjung Ru-Sadai Belitung, Bangka Belitung Province

Belitung Regency is one of the regencies in Indonesia’s Bangka Belitung Province where river crossing transportation plays a vital role in transportation activities and the region’s economy. The Gorare Ferry Motor Boat is a ro-ro type motor boat serving the Tanjung Ru-Sadai route. This form of transportation is expected to be able to stimulate economic growth in the region’s more remote areas, and the government is therefore providing subsidies to support the programme. Based on productivity data from 2010 to 2013, there was a significant increase in passenger volumes and vehicle productivity. However, the pricing rate does not cover the operating costs of the ship. This study seeks to ascertain when the service will reach breakeven and no longer require subsidies.&#x0D; Keywords: Crossing, Transportation, Role

Application of partitioning around medoids cluster for analysis of stunting in 100 priority regencies in Indonesia

In 2018, Indonesian government set 100 districts as the priority to reduce stunting. In this study, we hypothesize that the 100 determined districts should not be treated on an equal policy, due to some underlying factors that might affect the stunting in those districts. Thus, it is necessary to identify and analyze the grouping of 100 priority districts for stunting interventions in 2018 based on the National Team’s indicators for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction to see the severity of stunting. It is hoped that this clustering could be a reference for the government in determining priority regency groups to reduce stunting rates. Data on 100 districts, represented by eight numerical measurements and six categorical measurements were analyzed using Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) method. Data similarity was measured using Gower distance, which can handle the clustering of mixed data types. We identified five priority district groups which provide meaningful insights. One of the groups has the worst stunting severity condition among other groups, for each indicator; implying the high priority to follow-up by the government. The majority of districts in Papua and East Nusa Tenggara Provinces are districts with poor stunting severity. We also found that poverty, proportion of the population with defecation in latrines, access to clean water and proper sanitation, number of integrated healthcare centers (posyandu) in a village, and number of doctors in each district are important factors that explain the stunting severity.

Tackling practical issues in fraud control: a practice-based study

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a warning sign for fraud studies in developing occupational fraud deterrent, and offer possible solution to deal with it.Design/methodology/approachThis study was conducted in one of regencies in Indonesia. The authors interviewed nine top managers across local agencies and four senior local government internal auditors. The people involved have formal and informal networks with a regent who has been arrested by Indonesia’s Corruption Eradication Commission, because of white-collar crime syndicates, when running governmental systems.FindingsWhile many approaches to fraud mitigation have been proposed, organisations in practice particularly in the public sector find it hard to implement successful methods to understand, detect and prevent fraud. In practice, this occurs due to simplified assumption on or multiplicity of overlapping fraud concepts. There is also a lack of appreciation of impact of organisational dynamics which facilitates fraud. Behavioural and political issues within an organisation need to be addressed when proposing fraud prevention. The study emphasises that it is too naïve to offer internal control as one-size-fits-all fraud prevention. For practitioners, corrupt behaviour tends to be the most challenging part, compared to other fraud schemes such as asset misappropriation and financial statement fraud. In this paper, the authors urge organisation to adapt a more systematic approach, involving across governmental anti-corruption agencies and civil society actors. This may be facilitated through communication among those parties, including a sound whistleblowing system. Then, organisation also should consider preventive measures that go beyond from administrative or technical internal controls.Originality/valueThe results may give new directions for designing fraud prevention.

Empowering Poor-Households Women on Productive Economy Businesses in Indonesia

Self-efficacy has been extensively evaluated, but no studies have investigated the effect of self-efficacy on the self-reliance of women in poor-households economic productivity. This study analyzes self-efficacy as a personal factor, learning processes, and social support as an environmental factor towards the achievement of self-reliance in women from poor-households in productive economy businesses. Despite the dominant logic of this scheme, there is a need for field-based data regarding whether the variable really supports the sustainable empowerment of poor-households women. This study used the quantitative method through the survey technique. The samples of this study included 250 people collected from five regencies in Indonesia by using a multiple-stage random sampling. The data were analyzed with structural equation modeling. The results show that social support has a significant positive impact on the learning process; social support has a direct negative impact on self-efficacy. The learning process has a direct positive influence on self-efficacy, while social support has a non-significant impact on self-reliance. The learning process has a direct influence on self-reliance. Social support and the learning process both have significant positive impact on self-efficacy. Social support, learning process, and self-efficacy simultaneously have a positive impact on self-reliance in productive economic activities.

Risk Behaviors of SMP-SMA-SMK Students

Maladaptive behavior among teenagers, such as increased sexual behavior, smoking, alcoholism, and drugs abuse in big cities also in other regencies in Indonesia and if there is no real intervention it can conduct a decrease on the quality of the younger generation successor of the nation. This research aim on knowing overview of students risk behaviors uses quantitative descriptive method with proportionate random sampling involving 290 respondents. The measuring instrument used was Adolescent Exploratory Behaviour and Risk Rating Scale (AEERS). This study was used by univariate analysis. Result showed that students risk behavior have a low-risk behaviors (62.1%), it is also split in high health risk behavior (59.7%) and low prosocial risk behavior (80.7%). It conclude, students have a low risk behavior, but also have high health-risk behavior and low risk towards prosocial behaviour.