Reformation In Ireland Research Articles

Enforcing Reformation in Ireland and Scotland, 1550-1700

Enforcing Reformation in Ireland and Scotland, 1550-1700

Establishing a ‘train the trainer’ education model for clinical skills development

Demographic trends and service reform present healthcare providers with the challenge of developing appropriate resources to manage increasing numbers of sick and disabled older people. But these changes bring increased opportunities for nursing, and the expansion of the nursing role is crucial as health services strive to meet the changing needs of older people. Against a background of reforms in Ireland and backed by an education and training needs analysis of nursing staff, two stakeholders devised a model of education that would best meet identified demands. This article sets out a model for skill attainment that acknowledges the diversity of care settings and improves the sustainability of training provided. Advantages and disadvantages are discussed, and lessons learned are shared.

Enforcing reformation in Ireland and Scotland, 1550–1700. Edited by Elizabethanne Boran and Crawford Gribben. (St Andrews Studies in Reformation History.) Pp. xi+264. Aldershot–Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2006. £55. 0 7546 5582 2

Enforcing reformation in Ireland and Scotland, 1550–1700. Edited by Elizabethanne Boran and Crawford Gribben. (St Andrews Studies in Reformation History.) Pp. xi+264. Aldershot–Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2006. £55. 0 7546 5582 2

Elizabethanne Boran and Crawford Gribben, eds. Enforcing Reformation in Ireland and Scotland, 1550–1700. St. Andrews Studies in Reformation History. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006. Pp. xi+259. $99.95 (cloth).

Elizabethanne Boran and Crawford Gribben, eds. Enforcing Reformation in Ireland and Scotland, 1550–1700. St. Andrews Studies in Reformation History. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006. Pp. xi+259. $99.95 (cloth). - Volume 46 Issue 3

Enforcing Reformation in Ireland and Scotland, 1550–1700. Edited by Elizabethanne Boran and Crawford Gribben. St. Andrews Studies in Reformation History. Burlington, Vt.: Ashgate, 2006. xii + 267 pp. $99.95 cloth.

Enforcing Reformation in Ireland and Scotland, 1550–1700. Edited by Elizabethanne Boran and Crawford Gribben. St. Andrews Studies in Reformation History. Burlington, Vt.: Ashgate, 2006. xii + 267 pp. $99.95 cloth.

Enforcing Reformation in Ireland and Scotland, 1550-1700

Enforcing Reformation in Ireland and Scotland, 1550-1700

Back to the future: Walter Scott on the politics of radical reform in Ireland and Scotland

During the months after Peterloo, in the midst of widespread political agitation and fears concerning a populist rising in the west of Scotland, Walter Scott seems to have been experiencing a bout of historical deja vu. Reflecting on both the ill‐fated “Friends of Reform” movement in Scotland in 1793 and 1794 (in which the United Irishmen played a key role) and the Irish Rebellion of 1798, Scott saw history repeating itself, as cracks began to appear in the foundation of the stadial progress model that explicitly informed his attempts to give voice to the past elsewhere. The classical liberal position Scott held was of course but another version of the same story told by the radicals: in either case we get a narrative of historical advancement, a cosmopolitan vision whereby interpersonal relationships might increasingly reflect the “natural” human disposition for harmony and sympathetic interconnectedness. The means to attain this goal differed dramatically for Scott and the radical reformers in Scotland and Ireland of course. But in either case, in the interest of achieving greater unity in a time which is ever and always “yet to be,” Scott, like his radical opposition, justifies war and other forms of violence as legitimate means for achieving peace.

Participatory Democracy or Pseudo-Participation? Local Government Reform in Ireland

Since 1996 local government in the Republic of Ireland has undergone extensive reform. One of the central aims of this reform is the enhancement of local and participatory democracy through generating new forms of participation by communities in local authority decision-making processes, and through strengthening the decision-making role of city and county councillors. Drawing on comparisons with current British local government reforms and on key community governance frameworks, this paper questions the validity of this aim, given the ‘top-down’ nature of the reforms, the ongoing weakness of Irish local government vis-à-vis central government, and the increasingly contractual and consumerist approach of the state towards the voluntary and community sector. It argues that the reforms consolidate Irish local government as a system of local administration rather than local democracy, and that they may threaten the development of participatory democracy, rather than facilitate it.

The Christian Brothers and the Second Reformation in Ireland

The Christian Brothers and the Second Reformation in Ireland

The Politics of Food Regulation and Reform in Ireland

Amid a period of increasing political anxiety generated by the BSE crisis, the Irish Government sought to replace a confusing medley of food regulations with a single agency responsible for regulating food from the ‘farm to the fork’. Presented as a radical departure from a regime previously discredited, its remit would be to redefine the relationship between risk assessment, management and communication. In this context, the paper puts forward three principal arguments. First, that while the Minister for Health and Children was keen to extol both the scientific credentials of the agency, and the importance of shifting regulatory responsibility from the Department of Agriculture and Food (DAF) to the Department of Health and Children (DOHC), what remains novel is the manner in which reform has managed to retain political access for influential agri‐business interests. Second, that any reform undertaken should be fully cognisant of the international agreements between the European Union and the World Trade Organisation which extended further a free market in food trade. The agency's institutional architecture therefore was framed with the intention of restoring market confidence without threatening the habitat of those multi‐national companies that occupy this arena. Finally, that the role of science (and risk) in food regulation has altered. Rather than perform the task of sustaining order through responsible government, science now participates in (re)constituting order through the market.

Catholic Reformation in Ireland: The Mission of Rinuccini, 1645-1649, by Tadgh Ó hAnnracháin

<i>Catholic Reformation in Ireland: The Mission of Rinuccini, 1645-1649</i>, by Tadgh Ó hAnnracháin

'From the Slurry to the Curry': The Politics of Food Regulation and Reform in Ireland

'From the Slurry to the Curry': The Politics of Food Regulation and Reform in Ireland

'From the Slurry to the Curry': The Politics of Food Regulation and Reform in Ireland

During the mid 1990s, amid increasing anxiety over food safety, the Irish government and the EU sought to reform food regulation. Prompted by the political fallout over bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), this process would lead to the foundation of the Food Safety Authority of Ireland (FSAI), a body sufficiently innovative to prove an important influence upon the European Food Safety Authority. The FSAI was designed to resurrect public confidence in food regulation. The government argued that it would replicate the USA's Food and Drugs Administration, involve new regulatory relationships and elevate the role of science. On closer inspection, however, rather more exists in the way of continuity than change. Thus, while there has been much emphasis upon the manner in which risk is assessed and communicated, little has changed in how it is managed. This paper argues that such reform has been shaped by developments taking place at an international level between the EU and the WTO. On this level, the measures that are taken to protect food safety are those that have as little impact as possible on free trade. This paper also challenges those who interpret such change as part of the emergence of a risk society. In contrast, this paper contends that reform remains firmly embedded within a political project that favours reducing state regulation. Government, it seems, is no longer willing to assume an all-encompassing role in which it defines food standards and regulates and defends a particular food safety regime. It is a Hayek-inspired vision, where order is restored not through more stringent regulation but through the collection of individually informed choices made by those confronted with hazards. In a subtle but nonetheless crucial fashion, it involves the 'individualisation' of risk, so that government is charged with the task of providing the requisite information upon which individuals can make a scientifically informed judgement.

Review of Sectoral Reforms in Ireland

Sectoral reforms in Ireland have been an important part of the move toward market-based growth but as yet progress has varied among the sectors. Work by the OECD and by other organisations indicates that a range of key regulatory and competition issues remain in many sectors. In this report, we examine selected issues in electricity, gas and professional services, using legal services and pharmacies as case studies.

Attempting to deliver better municipal engineering services in Ireland

This paper puts forward the proposition that recent attempts at local government reforms in Ireland will fail to improve the quality of services delivered to their customers due to the static and limited approach to policy-making of the authorities, which central government has not sought to fundamentally alter in favour of a more radical, customer-oriented approach. The proposed changes to the Irish local government system are compared with recent developments in the United Kingdom, where political upheaval over 20 years ago forced authorities to adopt a more customer-oriented approach based on private sector values.

Attempting to deliver better municipal engineering services in Ireland

This paper puts forward the proposition that recent attempts at local government reforms in Ireland will fail to improve the quality of services delivered to their customers due to the static and limited approach to policy-making of the authorities, which central government has not sought to fundamentally alter in favour of a more radical, customer-oriented approach. The proposed changes to the Irish local government system are compared with recent developments in the United Kingdom, where political upheaval over 20 years ago forced authorities to adopt a more customer-oriented approach based on private sector values.

Surviving the Reformation in Ireland (1534-80): Christopher Bodkin, Archbishop of Tuam, and Roland Burke, Bishop of Clonfert

On the periphery of Roman and English influence in western Ireland, these two bishops balanced external and local authority to remain in office for the first four decades of the reformation. At first, they repulsed claimants with both royal and papal appointments, but they spent the rest of their careers working with representatives of both churches. The support of local magnates mattered most in gaining, holding, and supporting a clergy in their sees; diocesan financial reports reveal varying levels of support tied to political distinctions within the region. Neither their personal faith nor the traditional religious practices in their dioceses show any impact of reforms promulgated by Rome or London. By the end of their lives, religious divisions had hardened and the opportunity for such ambiguity had passed.

Revisionism and the Irish Reformation

The Irish Reformation remains a troubled subject, and not from lack of recent scholarly attention. It has attracted an abundance of high-quality work, but its vexed nature as a topic is illuminated by a long, authoritative essay published in 1998 by Brendan Bradshaw, one of the foremost students of early-modern Irish history. The essay is entitled ‘The English Reformation and identity formation in Ireland and Wales’, as befits the volume in which it appeared: British consciousness and identity: the making of Britain, 1533–1707. But the pageheads of the sixty-nine-page article call it ‘The Reformation in Ireland’, and this is a much more accurate description of its contents, as even its author might agree.Whether denominated ‘The Irish Reformation’ or ‘The Reformation in Ireland’, the event lacks the familiarity of historical chestnuts like the Congress of Vienna or The Thirty-Years War, well-worn, frequently-taught subjects (at least in the old canon of European history) about which there was a modicum of consensus, sufficient at least to allow them to be discussed. But in order for events to be debated, there needs to be agreement that they happened, and in that respect the Irish Reformation is something of a non-starter.

Revisionism and the Irish Reformation A Rejoinder

Karl Bottigheimer succeeds in consigning my study of the ‘English Reformation in Wales and Ireland’ to a genre of outmoded nationalist historiography by means of a distortingly reductionist account of it. In the first place, despite its title and large sections of the analysis, he assures the reader that its concern is simply the Reformation in Ireland. In fact it seeks to address a problem presented by the Reformation as a phase of what is variously called the ‘new British history’ or the ‘history of the Atlantic archipelago’, namely the contrasting outcome of the attempt to extend the state-sponsored reform of religion to the English crown's two Celtic borderland dominions, to Wales, where it succeeded, and to Ireland where it failed. Prima facie that outcome seems puzzling since it faced similar obstacles in both places, a deeply traditionalist society, remote from the intellectual currents that helped prepare the ground for the religious changes in England, and beyond the reach of effective government from the centre. Two questions arise therefore. How were these obstacles overcome in Wales, and since they proved surmountable there why not so in the case of Ireland?Second, Bottigheimer makes my explanation for the Irish outcome seem naively idealistic by representing it as attributing the failure totally to the pastoral zeal with which the Franciscan Observants campaigned against the change, and to the devotion of the Irish to ‘faith and fatherland’.

Decision context and policy effectuation: EU structural reform in Ireland

In 1988 the European Union reformed the allocation of its Structural Funds to effectuate broader participation of local and regional parties and institutions in the Member States. This might affect the corporative and sectoral oriented government structure in Ireland, which was chosen as a test case for this study, with decision issues for plan periods 1988–93 and 1994–99. In this paper we focus on the question whether actors with high effective power do also sustain relatively small utility losses with respect to decision outcomes. This is done in terms of a collective decision model simultaneously involving multiple actors as well as multiple issues, using linear models specifying the basic model variables of collective decision modelling. The results show that effective power does not have a direct effect in isolation, but shows strong effects in specific interaction with other factors, characterising the decision contexts as they evolve over time.