Referential Framework Research Articles

Technological adaptations of early humans at the Lower Pleistocene Nihewan Basin, North China: the case of the bipolar technique

The Nihewan Basin in North China has proved to be a key area for the study of human evolution outside of Africa due to its continuous record of hominin occupation since the Early Pleistocene. Lower Paleolithic lithic assemblages at Nihewan are attributed to the East Asian Mode 1 techno-complex, which is often defined by the widespread use of freehand knapping techniques. However, our ongoing investigation of several early Pleistocene archaeological sites at Nihewan has revealed a higher prevalence of bipolar stone artifacts than previously considered, which may have been underestimated in the past due to the disparity of analytical techniques applied to Early Stone Age assemblages and the poor quality of the Nihewan Basin raw materials. This has constrained the identification of bipolar attributes and their differentiation from freehand knapping products. This study aims to investigate technological and economical differences between the two techniques based on experimental results of chert from the Nihewan Basin, creating a referential framework for the study of bipolar artifacts that we apply, to the Early Pleistocene assemblages of Xiaochangliang and Cenjiawan. Our results not only highlight morphological and technological differences between bipolar and freehand products but also demonstrate that both techniques share significant similarities in terms of dimensions and productivity. Overall, our results help to contextualize the technological flexibility of East Asian Mode 1 assemblages in the Nihewan Basin, where early hominins employed alternative flaking techniques, often in the same assemblage, to overcome constrains imposed by the poor quality of most of the raw materials available.

Anclas de carrera y proyecto de vida en estudiantes de educación superior de la carrera psicología. Un estudio comparativo.

Se presentan resultados de una investigación sobre motivaciones profesionales en cursantes de cuarto y quinto año de la carrera psicología. El marco referencial fue el constructo Ancla de Carrera y el Proyecto de Vida. Se seleccionó una muestra incidental de 46 estudiantes de dos universidades venezolanas (pública y privada), durante el período académico 2018-2019. Para determinar la confiabilidad del instrumento sobre “Anclas de Carrera” se recurrió al estadístico Alpha de Crombach, el cual arrojó un alpha igual a 0,80, lo que indica una alta confiabilidad. Las Anclas de Carrera se relacionaron con los Proyectos de Vida de estos estudiantes. Los resultados arrojaron como la principal y determinante “Ancla de Carrera” el “Servicio”, asociada al interés de ayudar a otros, alcanzar la realización moral y prestar servicio social desinteresadamente. El “Ancla de Carrera” menos valorada por ambos grupos fue “Gerencial”, lo cual pareciera indicar que los participantes no mostraron interés significativo por desarrollar una carrera ascendente o exitosa dentro de una organización, liderar a personas u ocupar puestos de poder. En referencia al Proyecto de Vida, los estudiantes manifestaron interés en trabajar para ayudar a otros. La Psicología Clínica fue el área más elegida para los estudios de postgrado y ejercicio profesional.

When personal is interpersonal. Organizing interaction with deictically open personal constructions in Finnish everyday conversation

We investigate the role of two Finnish deictically open personal constructions, zero person and open second person singular, in the organization of everyday face-to-face interaction. Combining corpus-linguistic methods with approaches derived from interactional linguistics and conversation analysis, we explore the distribution of the zero person and open second person singular in conversational data and analyze their interactional contribution in local contexts of use. The focus is on two conversations in which the absolute frequency of the focus constructions is high. In these conversations, zero person and open second person singular are distributed relatively unevenly; yet the two constructions often occur in similar contexts, as well as within the same sequences. Despite certain similarities, zero person and open second person singular have different interactional functions: zero person is typically used to share a personal experience to which the speaker has primary access, or to discuss a topic at a very general level, while the open second person singular portrays the experience or state of affairs being talked about as mutually accessible. We conclude that both zero person and open second person singular are employed to negotiate the referential framework, and thus to manage interpersonal relationships in turns-at-talk.

Professional profile of the distance education expert

The purpose studio is to present a referential framework focused on defining what is the professional profile of distance education expert, a specialist in higher education. For this, a qualitative-descriptive methodology will be used, based on literature scientific review, as well as empirical studies. To achieve, first the perspective of the field in the current labor market will be described. Second, the most common activities will be defined. Third, an interview process will be presented to fill the position. Fourth, the prospective of the field of work will be determined. Finally, the final considerations of this document will be outlined.

Marco de Trabajo para Gestión de Procesos de Negocio (BPM). Caso de una Empresa de Servicios

El trabajo presenta una propuesta para incorporar el marco de trabajo BPM, en la empresa de servicios ETAPA EP de la ciudad de Cuenca - Ecuador. Para ello se propone un marco de referencia por parte de los autores que contempla los siguientes pasos: se parte de la revisión de un marco teórico y conceptual; se aborda el marco referencial, de la organización, partiendo de la descripción sobre visión, misión, aspectos estratégicos, mapa de proceso. Se elige el área funcional específica en donde se ejecutará para procesos críticos en importancia, el modelo de procesos con notación BPMN haciendo uso del software Bizagi. Se confecciona para los procesos un esquema de indicadores, se elabora un cubo de datos en excel (datamart), y se despliega el valor de los KPI, con la herramienta de software Power BI por intermedio de un tablero de comandos; al final se levantan las conclusiones.

Informing, Reinforcing, and Referencing: Chinese Male Consumers’ Interpretation of Luxury Advertising and Luxury Brands’ Presence on Chinese Social Media

With China’s rapid economic growth, an exponential increasing number of Chinese consumers become major spenders on luxury goods across the globe. The majority of previous studies are dedicated to understanding Chinese female consumers and their luxury consumption. Yet, the investigation about Chinese young male consumers is insufficient. Thus, drawing upon consumer culture theory, the current study examined the Chinese young male consumers’ perception toward luxury brands’ social media advertising. A total of three studies have been employed including a qualitative in-depth interview, a traditional content analysis, and a data-mining topic modeling approach. Results revealed that (a) luxury brands’ social media advertising served three functions including informing (delivering information about the products), reinforcing (the reiteration of the meanings and values of luxury brands), and referencing (the referential framework for brand research and purpose); and (b) although luxury brand social media advertising appealed to both genders, it did not satisfy male consumers’ symbolic and cultural needs. Findings suggest possible perceptional gaps between luxury brand social media advertising and Chinese male consumers’ perception. Theoretical contributions as well as managerial suggestions were further discussed in the study.

Distinguishing the taphonomic signature of wolves from humans and other predators on small prey assemblages

The study of human subsistence strategies in prehistoric hunter-gatherer communities is essential to understanding the evolution of human behaviour. An important topic of interest is the expansion of dietary breadth, resulting in the procurement of a larger number of small game species. However, to make accurate interpretations of human subsistence, the correct identification of the agents responsible for archaeofaunal assemblages is crucial, and actualistic studies that establish the taphonomic signature of the different predators are indispensable. Despite being one of the most ubiquitous carnivores in prehistoric archaeological sites, the role of wolves (Canis lupus) as agents responsible for small-prey accumulations has never been examined. The aims of this study are to analyse the taphonomic patterns left by wolves on rabbit remains and to put forward a series of criteria that can help distinguish assemblages produced by this carnivore from those accumulated by people or by other predators. Our results reveal that wolves ingest and consume the whole rabbit carcass, with the consequence that all rabbit remains accumulated by wolves come from the scats. The referential framework provided in this study will make it possible to discriminate wolves as agents of fossil rabbit accumulations.

Tech-innovation and spillovers on corporate-defensiveness: Evidence from the Lisbon startup ecosystem (LSE)

Startups innovativeness is in the spotlight of the media due to their ability to alter social regimes across industries. Prior innovation has devoted particular attention to them, leveraging the advancement of other interdisciplinary fields, and emphasising a clear connection between innovation and business strategies realisation. Prior literature addressing the effects of disruptive innovation on competition dynamics have disproportionately focused on big firms. This gap constituted a starting point for focusing on the startups side and deliver a contribution transforming into the modelling (and testing) of a defensiveness referential framework (DRF) accounting defensive classification (PAPEH matrix) and innovation-responsiveness (boomerang model). A case research design is intertwined with archival data from four databases allowed the creation of a contrived dataset for testing the defensiveness phenomenon on 179 tech-startups, and further empirical validation by data triangulation with external secondary sources. Results unveiled a tendency of startups to implement either a pure entrepreneurial model or a hybrid defensiveness model. Fundamental differences were also encountered between the traditional tech-startups of the Lisbon Hub and digital Big Bang disruptors (DBBD).

Critical Success Factors for Big Data: A Systematic Literature Review

During the last few decades, many organizations have started recognizing the benefits of Big Data (BD) to drive their digital transformation and to gain faster insights from faster data. Making smart data-driven decisions will help the organizations to ride the waves toward invaluable investments. The successful implementation of Big Data projects depends on their alignment with the current organizational, technological, and analytical aspects. Identifying the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for Big Data is fundamental to overcome the challenges surrounding Big Data Analytics (BDA) and implementation. In recent years, the investigations related to identifying the CSFs of Big Data and Big Data Analytics expanded on a large scale trying to address the limitations in existing publications and contribute to the body of knowledge. This paper aims to provide more understanding about the existing CSFs for Big Data Analytics and implementation and contributes to the body of knowledge by answering three research questions: 1) How many studies have investigated on Big Data CSFs for analytics and implementation?, 2) What are the existing CSFs for Big Data Analytics, and 3) What are the categories of Big Data Analytics CSFs?. By conducting a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) for the available studies related to Big Data CSFs in the last twelve years (2007-2019), a final list of sixteen (16) related articles was extracted and analyzed to identify the Big Data Analytics CSFs and their categories. Based on the descriptive qualitative content analysis method for the selected literature, this SLR paper identifies 74 CSFs for Big Data and proposes a classification schema and framework in terms of 5 categories, namely Organization, Technology, People, Data Management, and Governance. The findings of this paper could be used as a referential framework for a successful strategy and implementation of Big Data by formulating more effective data-driven decisions. Future work will investigate the priority of the Big Data CSFs and their categories toward developing a conceptual framework for assessing the success of Big Data projects.

Analysis of public procurement of translation services from the point of view of issues and solutions in the actual procurement practice in Montenegro

Abstract A number of issues faced by contracting authorities in the procedure of public procurement of services for translation of the acquis result from the lack of an overall coordination system for the translation project. One of the key elements for a well-balanced and efficient system is to properly plan the needs for translation services. Translation is an extraordinary skill. The skill to communicate reflections, feelings, facts from one language to another. If the job has been well done by a translator, the reader of the translation (prospective tenderer) must have the impression that the text of the documentation was originally written or spoken in his own language. As far as translation of tender documentation is concerned, the tenderer/reader of the translation should not have any doubts about the meaning of the message he receives. Moreover: it is not enough only to understand the message. Any message conveyed using unusual expressions, unnatural sentences, even if understood, is annoying and irritating to the prospective tenderer, who, due to this, may even be repelled by the tender documentation itself. In a good translation, in other words, the intervention of the translator should not be noticeable, and this actually constitutes the translator’s skill. Therefore, clearly defined conditions, criteria, deadlines, clear description of the job to be performed etc. are an important segment in defining the quality-based selection of the translator. The purpose of this paper is to address the most important aspects in the public procurement procedure the contracting authorities and tenderers are dealing with, in terms of the procedural aspects of procurement, which should result in a referential framework for requirements concerning the quality and supervision of the quality of translation services.

Planeamiento Estratégico Prospectivo: Métodos MACTOR y SMIC

Los autores, Quintero y Hamann, plasman su amplio conocimiento sobre planeación y prospectiva estratégica a lo largo del texto. Asimismo, en esta obra resalta la experiencia en docencia universitaria en el campo amplio de la administración, puesto que el libro parte de una premisa pedagógica y tiene un alto valor lúdico. En cuanto a su composición, consta de cinco capítulos. En éstos, se presenta un marco referencial, el instructivo de aplicación de los métodos MACTOR y SMIC, el modelamiento de macroentornos y de organizaciones individualizadas, el proceso de análisis prospectivo en espectros sociales u organizacionales y la implementación del análisis prospectivo como plan de negocios de una empresa. Además, se adjunta un anexo con 19 formatos para elaborar herramientas de recolección de datos que faciliten la consecución de un estudio fundamentado en la escuela francesa de prospectiva.

Analysis of the process of technology transfer in public research institutions

Purpose Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa, the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation), owned by the Brazilian Government, is one of the most efficient agencies for promoting sustainable tropical agriculture in the world. However, although information is available, farmers do not always put the technologies and knowledge into practice. There is a large difference between the average productivity of farmers and crop or herd potential. Thus, this paper aims to describe and analyze the process of technology transfer of the Embrapa Agrobiology Unit. Design/methodology/approach The study reviewed the classical and diffusionist models of technology transfer (TT) in Brazilian agriculture and the role of the government in innovation. This was based on documentary research and structured interviews with four employees, supported by a structured roadmap composed of four categories for analysis: the role of TT; the organizational structure of the area; the TT strategies; and the ways of delivery, methods and tools of TT. By a qualitative approach, the results were treated through content analysis. Findings The results indicated that the area of TT at Embrapa went through a recent restructuring, which included the interchange and collective construction of knowledge (ICC) in its TT process, to turn entrepreneurship into reality. The company is dedicated to bringing knowledge to the most important people: farmers. This has been done through a participatory TT model, which has involved multiplier agents from the research stage to the transfer stage. Research limitations/implications Some limitations were found, among them, the fact that only internal members of Embrapa were interviewed, limiting the view of the TTICC staff and without knowing the multiplier agents’ opinion and other actors involved in the process. In addition, it is a qualitative research that is subject to the interpretation of the researcher. Practical implications This study contributed to reflections about the TT process and how it can be used by different actors, along with the role of the State in innovation. Social implications In addition to contributing to the development of products, processes and technologies for the economic, social and environmental development of Brazil, Embrapa has been outstanding in generating knowledge for the advancement of science. Its results have had impacts not only nationally but also worldwide. Embrapa has played a key role in Brazilian agriculture as well as in livestock, mainly, in supporting governmental projects and in the implementation of public policies. Originality/value The aim of this study was achieved, as there was a possibility of describing and analyzing the technology transfer process at Embrapa Agrobiology Unit, located in the city of Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro. It is concluded that Embrapa has been committed to involving the farmer in the process of interchange, collective construction of knowledge and technology transfer. The farmer has become the focus of this process, reducing the development of “shelf” researches and increasing the participation of the farmer or of the multiplier agent. The importance of studying and knowing the process of technology and knowledge transfer to the public of interest should be highlighted, and especially the reasons why this technology or knowledge are often not adopted by the public. It was possible to identify that Embrapa has noticed the difficulties of farmers and realized that the best way the best way of transforming technological solutions and knowledge into innovation is by involving the farmer in the process of construction and of transfer. Thus, the farmer gives greater credibility to the technology or generated knowledge because this is something that he himself helped build. In the sphere of contemporary institutional knowledge management, Embrapa has had as its main point of departure the demand and the needs of society. For this, it has created means to ensure the participation of different actors because they signal the construction of technological solutions and of innovation and they are the ones who know the real situation. However, this is a recent progress within Embrapa that has evolved and generated results. Thus, research, science and technology institutions must go beyond technology transfer and must ensure the involvement, participation and interaction of the public of interest to promote significant change, social, economic and environmental development and transformation. Embrapa observed this from the referential framework that included technology transfer, interchange and the collective construction of knowledge.

Deseos de futuro, intencionalidades y construcción de territorios. La experiencia de zonas rurales en la región chaqueña argentina

Este trabajo analiza las formas y los mecanismos con que los múltiples actores involucrados en un territorio generan acciones en vistas a construir el futuro. Para poder eludir el uso del concepto de desarrollo como marco referencial, este trabajo moviliza el concepto de acción territorial, por entender que el mismo permite analizar más cabalmente las formas con que múltiples actores, con diversas y a veces contradictorias representaciones acerca del futuro, ponen en marcha iniciativas para construir y gestionar sus territorios. Esta propuesta conceptual y metodológica se pone en práctica en un territorio rural de la región chaqueña, territorio que ha vivido procesos de transformación similares a los de otras regiones del país, y que por lo tanto puede ser considerado un modelo representativo, no sólo de transformaciones territoriales, sino también de mecanismos y formas de construir la acción pública, privada y colectiva en torno a un proyecto de futuro territorial This work analyses the forms and mechanisms with which the multiple actors involved in a territory generate actions in order to build the future. In order to avoid the use of the concept of development as a referential framework, this work mobilizes the concept of territorial action, because it allows us to analyses more fully the ways in which multiple actors, with diverse and sometimes contradictory representations about the future, put into march initiatives to build and manage their territories. This conceptual and methodological proposal is put into practice in a rural area of ​​the Argentinian Chaco, a territory that has undergone processes of transformation similar to those of other regions of the country, and that therefore can be considered a representative model, not only of transformations territorial, but also of representations of the future on the part of their actors and models of intervention by public, private and collective action.

グローバル・サプライチェーン経営における、共通言語の重要性とその普及について

グローバル・サプライチェーン経営における、共通言語の重要性とその普及について

“His cramped and claustrophobic brain”: Confinement and Freedom in John Wray’s Lowboy

This article shows that ambivalence is a major symbolic pattern in John Wray’s 2009 neuronovel Lowboy, and it affects the major aspects of the novel, including the characters’ identities and the narrative structure of the book. Ambivalence may refer either to the split personality of the schizophrenic hero (psychoanalytic approach) or to the structure of the brain (neurologic approach). Especially, ambivalence allows subversion to prevail and transform the main protagonist’s mental confinement into textual freedom. This is shown, first, by an analysis of the referential framework and its major references, space and time. Then the major genres Lowboy borrows from are analyzed: on the one hand, the neuronovel suggests a bildungsroman, on the other, a mystery novel. While Wray borrows conventions from both, he also revisits and revises them, thus asserting the specificity of his novel and his freedom from generic conventions. Eventually, the manipulation of representation will be examined through an analysis of the language of description, particularly the use of incongruous images in the sections where Lowboy is the focal character.

Cultura emprendedora en estudiantes universitario

The objective of this research work was to determine the factors of entrepreneurial culture in university students. The present study was designed with a quantitative approach of descriptive, non-experimental and cross-sectional scope, approached from a review of the literature and based on a theoretical and referential framework. This research work was carried out in the period February-June 2019, whose subjects of study were students of the Veracruzana University of the School of Accounting and Administration and the Technological University of Southeast Veracruz. Among the main findings, it was found that university students do not undertake due to lack of financial resources, they also consider that it is necessary to strengthen academic activities within higher education institutions that help them develop entrepreneurship and innovation skills. The main factors that determine the entrepreneurial culture are creativity, teamwork, initiative, fear of risk.

Tourist Competitiveness, an interpretation for the Pueblo Mágico of Salvatierra, Guanajuato, Mexico

The objective of the research is to make an interpretation of the analytical tourist tourism competition The 2017 Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report of the World Economic Forum, the guide for the execution of Magical Towns and the Model of Tourism Excellence of the state of Guanjuato. The research approach is qualitative, qualitative research seeks subjectivity and explaining and understanding individual and group subjective interactions and meanings. (Álvarez- Gayou, 2012). Interpretive referential framework Hermeneutical Phenomenology, which seeks to discover non-multiple meanings, analyze and describe them (Álvarez-Gayou, 2012). Proposing to establish indicators of tourism competitiveness for the Magical Towns of the State of Guanajuato by means of which the form of the tourism situation can be evaluated in order to detect areas of improvement and generate strategies that increase the tourism competitiveness of said tourist destinations and It translates into a benefit for the Magic Town of Salvatierra and the State of Guanajuato.

Revisión de las etapas de la política pública habitacional en Argentina, desde principios del Siglo XX a la actualidad

La política habitacional argentina puede dividirse en ocho etapas, en las que se produjeron cambios importantes en el uso de suelo residencial, especialmente en los espacios urbanos. El objetivo del ensayo es realizar una revisión de las políticas desde el año 1915 hasta la actualidad, que permitan, además, comprender el marco político y económico del país en cada momento. Para alcanzar el objetivo planteado se analiza bibliografía específica producida por investigadores argentinos y de otros países de América Latina, conocedores del tema. Para quienes estudian las políticas habitacionales, es de suma importancia conocer los escritos de los autores especialistas, lograr una síntesis que explique las etapas y características; paro también tener presente la influencia de los gobiernos de turno, como así de la situación socioeconómica. En el análisis se advierten periodos centrados en la vivienda como derecho social; y en otros en que su adquisición es solo mediante capacidad de pago. Los contenidos se organizan considerando tres apartados principales. En primer lugar, se explican los principales conceptos tales como política pública, vivienda y política habitacional. Seguidamente, y a modo de marco referencial, se presenta una síntesis de la generación de políticas habitacionales en América Latina. El último apartado del ensayo explica la situación en Argentina que abarca un poco más de cien años.

First assessments of the taphonomic behaviour of jaguar (Panthera onca)

In this paper we analyse the taphonomic signatures of captive jaguars (Panthera onca) in order to explore the potential of experimental frameworks to distinguish between different felid agents in carnivore-altered palaeontological and archaeological bone assemblages. Many papers have considered carnivore ecology and the bone altering behaviour of different animals since the development of taphonomic research since the 1980's, as part of the hunter vs scavenging debate to understand early hominin sites. Hyenas have been the most studied carnivore, followed by felids and lastly canids. Within felids, lions and leopards have been the focus of most research, whereas other agents, such as jaguars or tigers are still relatively uncharacterised taphonomically. Here we present the results of an experimental feeding program to assess the nature and extent of alterations that captive jaguars can produce on horse (Equus ferus caballus) appendicular bones. Working with captive animals has some limitations, namely the generally greater extent of alterations on captive-analysed assemblages in relation to their wild counterparts. Despite this issue, we aim to start developing a broader referential framework of felid ethology that includes jaguars, a relevant taphonomic agent for understanding bone assemblages of the European and American Pleistocene.Therefore, in this preliminary study on the taphonomy of jaguars, we aim to show their prowess as bone-altering agent, capable of generating tooth-marks on long limb bone diaphyses and epiphyseal deletion. The taphonomic behaviour of jaguars has not been documented experimentally in any detail so far.

An onshore bathyal record of tectonics and climate cycles at the onset of the Early-Middle Pleistocene Transition in the eastern Mediterranean

Early Pleistocene (Calabrian) clays of the Lindos Bay Formation have been uplifted and are exposed today on the eastern coast of Rhodes (Hellenic forearc, Greece). The hemipelagic origin of these sediments and the excellent preservation of the microfossils they contain, make the Lindos Bay Formation a unique element in the eastern Mediterranean, which has the potential to constitute a paleoclimate referential framework of the region for the Early-Middle Pleistocene Transition (EMPT). In this context, 98 samples were collected in the type locality section of the Lindos Bay Formation. Stable isotope (δ18O, δ13C) analyses were carried out on benthic (Uvigerina peregrina) and planktonic (Globigerina bulloides) foraminifera for the interval between ∼1100 ka and ∼858 ka. We identify and continuously reconstruct the climate cycles that occurred between Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 32 and 21. Counts of planktonic foraminifera were further carried out and allow connecting the conditions occurring locally in the surface waters with the glacial-interglacial cycles during the onset of the EMPT. While (sub)tropical taxa dominate the assemblages, glacials were associated with short-term (<∼10 kyr) influxes of temperate to subpolar species suggesting cooling and/or increasing productivity in the surface waters correlating with the deposition of sapropels in the eastern Mediterranean deep sea. Finally, planktonic/benthic foraminiferal ratios show that the section deposited at upper bathyal depths between ∼450 m and ∼150 m. During the late Early Pleistocene, the eastern coast of Rhodes has locally undergone repeated, transient and possibly very rapid vertical motions which are overprinted on a regional tectonically-forced regressive trend.