Reference Source Research Articles

EFFECTIVENESS OF ROSELLA AS AN ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

Rosella flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) can be used in the health sector. Rosella petal extract contains flavonoids such as gossypetin, hibiscetin, sabdaretine, alkaloids, and saponins. Rosella has properties such as an antiseptic, diuretic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and can increase endurance. This paper discusses the anti-inflammatory effect of the rosella plant. The purpose of this article is to describe the effectiveness of rosella plant as an anti-inflammatory. This article collects research results from journals, textbooks, and websites accessed through the National Library of Medicine and Google scholar databases as a method. The reference source inclusion criteria are published in 2012-2022 with topics that are in line with the effectiveness of rosella as an anti-inflammatory. The reference source exclusion criteria were literature published before 2012. A total of 25 references were found, 15 references were selected, and 10 references were excluded. The studies have shown that the content of rosella flower extract is able to inhibit the cyclooxygenase enzyme thereby inhibiting the synthesis of inflammatory mediators, namely leukotrienes and prostaglandins and reducing the number of neutrophils so that it can accelerate the wound healing process, however administration of high doses of rosella extract is less effective as an anti-inflammatory because the levels of flavonoids decreased activity at high extract concentrations.

A High-Efficiency Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting and Management Circuit Based on Full-Bridge Rectification

This paper presents a high-efficiency piezoelectric energy harvesting and management circuit utilizing a full-bridge rectifier (FBR) designed for powering wireless sensor nodes. The circuit comprises a rectifier bridge, a fully CMOS-based reference source, and an energy management system. The rectifier bridge uses a PMOS cross-coupled structure to greatly reduce the conduction voltage drop. The CMOS reference source provides the necessary reference voltage and current. The energy management system delivers a stable 1.8 V to the load and controls its operation in intermittent bursts. Fabricated with a 110 nm CMOS process, the circuit occupies an area of 0.6 mm2, and is housed in a QFN32 package. Test results indicate that under 40 Hz frequency and 4 g acceleration vibrations, the chip’s energy extraction power reaches 234 μW, with the load operating every 3 s at a supply voltage of 1.8 V. Thus, this FBR interface circuit efficiently harnesses the energy output from the piezoelectric energy harvester.

Preface: 3rd International Conference on Architecture, Geotechnical Engineering and Construction Technology (AGECT 2024)

The 2024 3rd International Conference on Architecture, Geotechnical Engineering and Construction Technology (AGECT 2024) was held in Barcelona, Spain from August 10-11, 2024. The conference brings together innovative scholars and industry experts in the fields of architecture design, urban planning, building materials, structural engineering, civil engineering, geotechnical engineering, and construction technology into a common forum. The main objective of AGECT 2024 was to promote research and development activities. Another goal is to promote the exchange of scientific information between researchers, engineers, PHDs, students, and practitioners working in the conference and workshop. During the conference, the conference model was divided into three sessions, including oral presentations, keynote speeches, and online Q&A discussion. In the first part, some scholars, whose submissions were selected as the excellent papers, were given about 8-15 minutes to perform their oral presentations one by one. Then in the second part, keynote speakers were each allocated 30-40 minutes to hold their speeches. We would like to acknowledge all of those who supported AGECT 2024. The help and contribution of each individual and institution was instrumental in the success of the conference. In particular, we would like to thank the organizing committee for its valuable inputs in shaping the conference program and reviewing the submitted papers. We are sure that the proceedings will serve as an important research source of references and knowledge, which will lead to not only scientific and engineering findings but also new products and technologies. With best regards, Conference Organizing Chair Barcelona, Spain

Perspektif Fiqih Minoritas Yusuf Al-Qardhawi Dalam Penentuan Awal Waktu Salat Di Daerah Kutub

This study discusses the determination of the beginning of prayer times in polar regions that do not experience day and night changes as other regions normally do. The discussion will use the theory of thought from Yusuf Al-Qardhawi about minority fiqh. This study uses a library method with reference sources from books, scriptures, or articles related to the theme discussed. Furthermore, it is analyzed with qualitative data to find a complete understanding. The results are that the existing problems are in line with religious teachings and existing social realities. So with the existence of minority fiqh, it can provide a relevant legal perspective. With this discovery, it is hoped that it can contribute to minority fiqh that is by the social and cultural context that exists in Muslim minorities wherever they are.

Transformation of Adults as Transformational Learners

Thesis. The aim of this study is to investigate at the ground level how transformational learning within the framework of adult education (andragogy) occurs in the lives of adults who experience this process. The research was designed as a qualitative study based on phenomenological approach and carried out with eight adult participants from Izmir-Turkey, Bratislava-Slovakia, Cersak-Slovenia and Lecce-Italy. Concept. Transformational learning is a process that enables individuals to question their feelings, thoughts and frames of reference and to gain a new perspective as a result of these questions. The research examined the stages and conceptual framework of this process based on Mezirow's transformational learning theory. Semi-structured interviews with participants were aimed at understanding how this learning process was triggered and how it was experienced. Results and Conclusion. According to findings adults went through a transformation process in line with the theoretical information obtained in the literature, experienced a dilemma before the transformation, gained a new perspective by criticizing the sources of feelings, thoughts and references they had in their previous lives, benefited from the experiences of people who went through this process, developed critical thinking skills, mostly made a plan, acquired new knowledge and skills, new roles according to their experiences, and it is understood that they have adopted a new worldview. The obtained data will contribute to the development of adult learning programs, the contribution of adult learning institutions to educational activities, researchers who will conduct research on adult learning and the literature in more detailed examination of transformational learning in adult learning.

About el2d2m on Line 4 of the E-45 Köžeelig-Xovu Inscription

For a more accurate interpretation of the Yenisei Inscriptions, Uyghur texts are as important a source of reference as the Khaganate Inscriptions. Especially in the analysis of words that do not appear in the inscriptions or are rare, the vocabulary of Uyghur can be a determining factor. For instance, in this article, I will focus on the word M𐌗Le el2d2m, which occurs in the E-45 Köžeelig-Xovu inscription but has been interpreted in different ways since its first publication. In order to read and interpret the word correctly, it will be reconsidered together with its examples in Old Uyghur texts.

Towards an environmental quality standard (EQS) for lithium in fresh water

Lithium (Li), because of its widespread and increasing use in Li-ion batteries, is an element of vital importance to the energy transition away from fossil fuels and toward clean, renewable energy (green energy). Extraction and refining operations, as well as utilisation in a growing number of applications, are expanding and thus increasing the environmental releases of Li. In order to evaluate consequences of such releases, and to risk assess the accumulation of Li in aquatic ecosystems, environmental quality standards (EQS) are needed so that measured concentrations can be evaluated. Satisfactory EQS for Li are yet to be established and therefore derivation of Predicted No Effect Concentrations (PNECs), or interim EQS, are vital for environmental protection. This study compiled Li freshwater ecotoxicology data from global literature, screened and evaluated it, and then employed it to derive PNECs for short term exposures (i.e. concentrations unlikely to cause harm if their duration is short) and PNECs for standard condition exposures (i.e. concentrations unlikely to cause harm if their duration is continuous) in freshwater ecosystems. The generated dataset comprised 194 individual ecotox endpoints from 31 reference sources, spanning 28 species from 10 separate taxonomic groups (broad organism types). The derived PNECs recommended for consideration in environmental regulation are 0.622 mg/L for short term exposures and 15.2 μg/L for standard condition exposures, but with potential adjustment for site specific water conditions incorporating water hardness, dissolved organic carbon concentration and pH.

Folklore on Kayori: An Oral Tradition about Natural Disasters in Central Sulawesi

The characteristics of Indonesian society are firmly attached to the image of expressing language orally, which has been done since long ago and has survived until now. Folk beliefs and imagination are the main essences of cultured human life when creating stories. Although the current situation signifies a modern life, the researcher argued that folklore is an oral tradition still relevant to life’s context substantially and functionally, as on kayori from Central Sulawesi. This research aimed to revitalise kayori as folklore in Central Sulawesi, an oral tradition about natural disasters. The researcher generated knowledge in this research qualitatively as a method that included a literature review study. The researcher collected and used reference sources related to the variables of this study. The research showed that kayoriis a folklore that affirms oral tradition as an art to express the function of learning and remembering the messages in poems and sounds. The messages of kayori have implications for practical actions for the community regarding natural disaster mitigation related to disaster policy, ethics, religiosity, and ecological values. In the end, the verbal art of kayoriremained a part of the futuristic world because it provided knowledge on humanitarian and environmental aspects related to natural disasters in the contemporary era.

A millisecond pulsar position determined to 0.2 mas precision with VLBI

Precise millisecond pulsar (MSP) positions determined with very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) hold the key to building the connection between the kinematic and dynamic reference frames respectively used for VLBI and pulsar timing. A frame connection would provide an important pathway to examining the planetary ephemerides used in pulsar timing, and would potentially enhance the sensitivities of the pulsar timing arrays used to detect stochastic gravitational-wave background in the nano-Hz regime. We aim to significantly improve the precision of the VLBI-based MSP position (from $ at present) by reducing the two dominant components in the positional uncertainty --- the propagation-related uncertainty and the uncertainty resulting from the frequency-dependent core shifts of the reference sources. We introduce a new differential astrometry strategy called PINPT (Phase-screen Interpolation plus frequeNcy-dePendent core shifT correction; pronounced ``pinpoint''), which entails the use of multiple calibrators observed at several widely separated frequencies. The strategy allows determination of the core shift and mitigates the impact of residual delay in the atmosphere. We implemented the strategy on an MSP that is well constrained astrometrically with VLBI and pulsar timing. Using the PINPT strategy, we determined core shifts for four AGNs around and derived a VLBI-based pulsar position with uncertainties of 0.17\,mas and 0.32\,mas in Right Ascension and Declination, respectively, approaching the uncertainty level of the best-determined timing-based MSP positions. Additionally, incorporating the new observations into historical ones, we refined the pulsar proper motion and the parallax-based distance to the $ level and the subparsec level, respectively. The realization of the PINPT strategy promises a factor-of-five positional precision enhancement (over conventional VLBI astrometry) for all kinds of compact radio sources observed at $ including most fast radio bursts.

Health Advice from Instagram Influencers on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Their Strategies to Establish and Manipulate Credibility

ABSTRACTIndividuals with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) turn to Instagram influencers as an alternative or complementary PCOS information source to their physicians. However, the ambiguous qualifications of influencers, and contradicting claims regarding how to manage PCOS, make it difficult to identify credible sources. Using a directed qualitative content analysis, we examined the range of strategies that 10 Instagram PCOS influencers used to signal credibility. We found that influencers utilized a range of pseudo‐credibility strategies. Another key contribution of the study is a description of how PCOS influencers reference sources to signal credibility. We also found that Instagram PCOS influencers discuss what it means to be healthy with PCOS, and we describe how they contribute to a wider cultural participation in healthism. The findings build upon the source credibility literature to identify novel credibility cues used by influencers as social media platforms evolve, and further, reveal the underlying healthism‐centric discourse of PCOS influencers.

The potential of Batu Urip cultural heritage site for nature-based physical activities and learning assist-ed by digital media for children

Cultural heritage sites and nature-based environments offer significant potential for educational tourism and experiential physical learning, particularly for children. Batu Urip, as a Cultural Heritage Village, has extensive historical heritage and local traditions. The aim of this research is how to design the Batu Urip cultural heritage site as a historical digital media for nature-based physical activities and learning. The research method used is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data sources supporting this research include interviews, field observations, and reference sources such as scientific journals and books. History digital media for nature-based physical activities and learning will increase children’s enthusiasm for learning history through this digital history applied at the education level. In addition, local history will elevated because it has been digitally modified. In addition, children’s excitement is not only in learning but also in being able to take the good values contained therein. Based on data analysis, it is shown that Batu Urip Cultural Heritage Village has an excellent opportunity to become a means of learning local history at the educational level. The digitalization design of the Batu Urip site can be developed through nature-based physical learning on historical digital knowledge, which can add enormous knowledge and insight. Children will understand better and think more creatively with the presence of high-value local History in their environment. Keywords: Batu Urip cultural, Heritage site, Nature-based outing class, Digital media

Evaluation of Lithium-ion Batteries in Electric Vehicles

Growing awareness of climate change concerns and the environmental impacts of fossil fuel vehicles has heightened interest in electric vehicles (EVs). Therefore, EVs represent a significant component of sustainable transportation solutions. Additionally, with advancements in battery technology, EVs now have longer ranges and are offered at more competitive prices. With their notable features such as high energy density, lightness, low maintenance requirement, and long life, lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) appear to be the most suitable battery option for EVs. Nevertheless, current LiB technology faces battery costs, energy storage capacity, charging times, and safety issues. In this context, it is clear that future research and development will focus on improving the efficiency of LiB technology and making these batteries more sustainable, reliable, and economical. This study aims to provide an evaluation of the LiBs used in the automotive sector by examining the historical development, basics of operational principles, various geometric types, cost evaluation, and their advantages and disadvantages. By covering these aspects, the study seeks to offer a comprehensive assessment of the LiBs employed in the automotive industry, spanning from their historical evolution to their presentday utilization. The study also intends to serve as a reference source for researchers planning to conduct studies on LiBs in EVs by providing fundamental concepts and evaluations related to these batteries.

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF ONE LUNG VENTILATION DURING THORACIC SURGERY COMPARING THE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF LOW AND HIGH TIDAL VOLUME

Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications are common and highly morbid, particularly in thoracic surgery patients. Previous reports have demonstrated that protective ventilation can improve postoperative pulmonary function and reduce the incidence of complications, but the precise definition of protective ventilation remains elusive. The aim: The aim of this study to show about one lung ventilation during thoracic surgery comparing the safety and efficacy of low and high tidal volume. Methods: By the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020, this study was able to show that it met all of the requirements. This search approach, publications that came out between 2014 and 2024 were taken into account. Several different online reference sources, like Pubmed, SagePub, and Sciencedirect were used to do this. It was decided not to take into account review pieces, works that had already been published, or works that were only half done. Result: Eight publications were found to be directly related to our ongoing systematic examination after a rigorous three-level screening approach. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis of the complete text was conducted, and additional scrutiny was given to these articles. Conclusion: Low tidal volumes (defined as less than 10 mL/kg) decreases pneumonia and the need for postoperative ventilatory support (invasive and non‐invasive).

Analysis of the mass survey data reliability (using the example of smoking prevalence in Russia estimates)

Survey-based estimates of smoking prevalence in Russia, given by various quite respectable organizations for the same period, range from less than 20% to more than 50%. This scatter cannot be explained by differences in the conceptualization of the indicator (who is considered a smoker) and significantly affects the overall picture of smoking in Russia and the assessment of the success of anti-tobacco policy. This raises questions about the reliability of the relevant survey data. It can be solved in at least two ways: by analyzing and eliminating discrepancy factors or by choosing one of the studies as a reference with a thorough check of the reliability of its data. The article substantiates the choice of the second path and the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS) as a reference. To check its reliability, three criteria were used: analysis of critical publications about research errors, methodological triangulation (comparison with data from other methods) and analysis of correlation with the consequences of smoking. All three criteria showed a high level of reliability of the RLMS data. The hypothesis about the research error put forward in critical publications does not find empirical confirmation. Comparison with other supposedly reliable data (both survey and non-survey) shows discrepancies below the margin of statistical error. The correlation of RLMS data on smoking with mortality from diseases of the circulatory system turns out to be extremely high. Therefore, it is advisable to consider the RLMS as a reference source of data on the prevalence of smoking in Russia, and indicators from other surveys that differ significantly from it as potentially questionable in their methodological decisions.

Study on the correlation between shear wave elastography and MRI grading of meniscal degeneration

BackgroundShear Wave Elastography (SWE) offers quantitative insights into the hardness and elasticity characteristics of tissues. The objective of this study is to investigate the correlation between SWE of the menisci and MRI-assessed degenerative changes in the menisci, with the aim of providing novel reference source for improving non-invasive evaluation of meniscal degenerative alterations.MethodsThe participants in this study were selected from patients who underwent knee joint MRI scans at our hospital from February 2023 to February 2024. The anterior horns of both the medial and lateral menisci were evaluated using SWE technique. The differences in elastic values of meniscus among different MRI grades were compared. The correlation between elastic values and MRI grades, as well as various parameters, was analyzed. Using MRI Grade 3 as the gold standard, the optimal cutoff value for meniscal tear was determined. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was employed to evaluate the reliability of repeated measurements performed by the same observer.ResultsA total of 104 female participants were enrolled in this study, with 152 lateral menisci (LM) and 144 medial menisci (MM) assessed. For the male group, 83 individuals were included, with 147 LM and 145 MM evaluated. The results demonstrated statistically significant differences in the elasticity values of the menisci at the same anatomical sites across different MRI grades (P < 0.001). Within the same grade, the MM had higher elasticity values than the LM, showing a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). The elasticity values of the menisci were higher in males compared to females. There were statistically significant positive correlations between the elasticity values of the menisci and age, BMI, and MRI grade. The ICC for repeated measurements within the observer demonstrated good reliability (> 0.79).ConclusionsThe meniscal elasticity values measured by SWE exhibit a significant positive correlation with the grades of degeneration assessed by MRI. Furthermore, the elasticity values of the meniscus are found to increase with advancing age and elevated BMI.

Diagnosis Based on Population Data versus Personalized Data: The Evolving Paradigm in Laboratory Medicine.

The diagnosis of diseases is a complex process involving the integration of multiple parameters obtained from various sources, including laboratory findings. The interpretation of laboratory data is inherently comparative, necessitating reliable references for accurate assessment. Different types of references, such as reference intervals, decision limits, action limits, and reference change values, are essential tools in the interpretation of laboratory data. Although these references are used to interpret individual laboratory data, they are typically derived from population data, which raises concerns about their reliability and consequently the accuracy of interpretation of individuals' laboratory data. The accuracy of diagnosis is critical to all subsequent steps in medical practice, making the estimate of reliable references a priority. For more precise interpretation, references should ideally be derived from an individual's own data rather than from population averages. This manuscript summarizes the current sources of references used in laboratory data interpretation, examines the references themselves, and discusses the transition from population-based laboratory medicine to personalized laboratory medicine.

Sol-gel synthesis of LaFeO3 perovskite oxide for distinct ridges detection of level II and III latent fingerprints

Latent fingerprints are considered a primary source of best reference for personal identification in criminal investigations. However, poor resolution, less background hindrance, and sensitivity over fingerprint ridges are often problems in fingerprint development. To address these issues, special care is required by developing new fluorescence materials. As a result, this effort was made to synthesize lanthanum ferrite (LaFeO3) fluorescent nano perovskite oxide by the sol–gel method using glycine as fuel, to detect three (I, II, and III) levels of fingerprints. In addition, the absorption spectrum was recorded in a dispersed medium, and dual peaks at 329 and 406 nm in visible regions were obtained, followed by the photoluminescence spectra that showed a broad peak at 527 nm with chromaticity coordinates. Powder X-ray diffraction confirms the synthesized LaFeO3 orthorhombic phase with a crystallite size of 54 nm, and the morphology of LaFeO3 was found to be highly monodisperse. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed that La has + 3 with Fe + 3 oxidation states, and Infrared spectroscopic techniques revealed all functional groups were present uniformly. The powder dusting method was applied on various porous and non-porous surfaces, revealing distinct ridges of fingerprints without background hindrance and with precise sensitivity; this proves LaFeO3 is suitable for forensic science.

Installation of reference source of low currents for calibration of electrometers

Installation of reference source of low currents for calibration of electrometers

XÂY DỰNG VÀ SỬ DỤNG TÀI LIỆU TỰ HỌC CHO SINH VIÊN NGÀNH GIÁO DỤC TIỂU HỌC RÈN LUYỆN NĂNG LỰC DẠY HỌC TÍCH HỢP

This study aims to build self-study materials to guide pre-service primary teachers to design integrated topics and apply them in teaching science. Thereby, we aim to contribute to the formation and development of integrated teaching capacity in the current context of program renewal. The article presents the principles and process of document development, introduces the content of the document, and demonstrates how to use materials to support learners in developing their cognitive abilities and the ability to design integrated lessons in Science at the Primary level. To assess the content, form, meaning, feasibility, and practicality of the document, the article uses the content analysis method through a questionnaire consisting of 5 open questions to process data for opinions of 8 experts and uses descriptive statistics for 56 teachers and 17 4th year learners via a questionnaire consisting of 17 closed questions employing 5-level Likert scale. The material is highly appreciated for its scientificity, feasibility, content, form, and meaning and can be used by students as a reference source in developing subject-teaching competence integrated into teaching Science in primary schools

Study on the Effect of Liquefiable Overburden Foundations of Rockfill Dams Based on a Pore Pressure Model

China’s southwestern region boasts abundant hydropower resources. However, the area is prone to frequent strong earthquakes. The areas surrounding dam sites typically have deep overburden, and the liquefaction of saturated sand foundations by earthquakes poses significant safety risks to the construction of high dams in the southwest. The effects of liquefaction and reinforcing measures on the foundations of rockfill dams on liquefiable overburden under seismic action are currently the subject of somewhat unsystematic investigations. The paper utilizes the total stress and effective stress methods, based on the equivalent linear model, to perform numerical simulations on the overburden foundations of rockfill dams. The study explores how factors such as dam height, overburden thickness, liquefiable layer depth, liquefiable layer thickness, ground motion intensity, and seismic wave characteristics affect the liquefaction of the overburden foundations. Additionally, it examines how rockfill dams impact the dynamic response, considering the liquefaction effects in the overburden. The results show that although the total stress method, which ignores the cumulative evolution of pore pressure during liquefaction, can reveal the basic response trend of the dam, its results in predicting the acceleration response are significantly biased compared to those of the effective stress method, which comprehensively considers the cumulative changes in liquefaction pore pressure. Specifically, when the effect of soil liquefaction is considered, the predicted acceleration response is reduced compared to that when liquefaction is not considered, with the reduction ranging from 4% to 30%; with increases in the thickness and burial depth of the liquefiable layer, the effective stress method considering liquefaction significantly reduces the predicted peak acceleration; the effect of liquefiable soil on the attenuation of the speed response is more sensitive to the low-frequency portion of the seismic wave. The study’s findings are a significant source of reference for the planning and building of rockfill dams on liquefiable overburden.