Abdominal Fat Reduction Research Articles

Effect of an exercise programme for reducing abdominal fat on overactive bladder symptoms in young overweight women.

The effect of exercise in relation to overweight and overactive bladder (OAB) in young women has not been sufficiently supported by studies. The objective of our study was to reduce symptoms of OAB through a 3-month exercise programme in young overweight women with OAB. The sample consisted of 70 women (mean age 26.7 ± 4.8years), 36 being treated and 34 in the control group. We used a body composition analyser with the assessment of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) (kg), body fat mass (BFM) (kg), body fat percentage (BFP) (%), visceral fat area (VFA) (cm²/level) and the waist/hip circumference index (WHR). OAB symptoms were evaluated using a voiding diary, the overactive bladder questionnaire (OAB-q) and the Patient Perception of Intensity of Urgency Scale (PPIUS). The intervention was a programme for the reduction of abdominal fat (PRAF), with elements of aerobic training, strengthening of the abdominal muscles and stretching. In the OAB symptoms assessed through the voiding diary (number of voidings per 24h, nocturia, mean voided volume) as well as in the OAB-q and PPIUS scales after training, significant differences were reported in favour of the treatment group [number of voidings per 24h: treatment vs. control group, baseline 9.1 ± 0.3 vs. 8.6 ± 0.3, final 6.9 ± 0.2 vs. 8.1 ± 0.2, p < 0.0001; mean voided volume per 24h (ml): treatment vs. control group, baseline 154.2 ± 9.1 vs. 162.2 ± 9.3, final 201.3 ± 9.3 vs. 164.1 ± 9.6, p < 0.0001] with a large effect size (ES). In the body composition analysis after training, significant differences were also reported in favour of the treatment group in the reduction of body mass index (BMI), BFP and VFA (p < 0.0001), with a large ES. Body composition analysis confirmed a reduction of BMI, body weight, body fat percentage, visceral abdominal fat, the WHR index and waist circumference in favour of the treatment group after the 12-week PRAF exercise programme. A reduction in OAB symptoms was also objectively confirmed following the PRAF exercise programme.

P.119Analysis of the structural and metabolic consequences of McArdle disease using the murine model

McArdle disease is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by the absence of the muscle glycogen phosphorylase, which leads to impairment of glycogen breakdown. The McArdle mouse, a model heavily affected by glycogen accumulation and exercise intolerance, was used to characterize disease progression at three different ages. The molecular and histopathological consequences of the disease were analyzed in five different hind-limb muscles (soleus, extensor digitorum longus, tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius and quadriceps) of young (8-week-old), adult (35-week-old) and old (70-week-old) mice. We observed progressive muscle degeneration, fibrosis and inflammation process that was not associated with an increase in muscle glycogen content during aging. Additionally, this progressive degeneration varied among muscle and fiber types. The lack of glycogen content increase was associated with the inactivation of glycogen synthase and not with compensatory expression of the Pygl and/or Pygb genes in mature muscle. Furthermore, the molecular interconnection between skeletal muscle-liver and adipose tissue was assessed in these mice in order to determine whether there was an upregulation of the oxidative metabolism during disease progression as McArdle mice presented a clear reduction in abdominal fat and liver glycogen content. In this regard, mitochondrial content and activity were assessed in both oxidative and glycolytic muscles as oxidative fibers (specially IIa fibers) presented more structural damage caused by higher glycogen accumulation than glycolytic fibers (IIx and IIx/IIb fibers). Lower levels of mitochondrial content and activity were found in the skeletal muscle of McA mice with respect to their wild-type counterparts.

The impact of different intensities of exercise on body weight reduction and overactive bladder symptoms- randomised trial

Objectivesto investigate the effect of a 3-month exercise programme with two different intensities on the reduction of body weight and body fat percentage in overweight women with overactive bladder symptoms (OAB). Study Designrandomised controlled study. The sample consisted of 77 overweight women with OAB symptoms, with an average age of 26.2 years. Body mass index (BMI) measurements confirmed if women were overweight. Participants were split into two groups, as follows: Group 1 (programme with high intensity) (n = 39) and group 2 (programme with low intensity) (n = 38). For evaluation of body composition, we used Bioelectric impedance analysis with assessment of body fat percentage (BFP) and visceral fat area (VFA). OAB symptoms were evaluated using a voiding diary, an overactive bladder questionnaire (OAB-q) and the Patient Perception of Intensity of Urgency Scale (PPIUS). The intervention was a Programme for Reduction of Abdominal Fat, aimed at reducing abdominal fat with elements of aerobic training, strengthening of the surface and deep abdominal muscles and stretching. ResultsGroup 1 lost body weight and showed a reduction in Body Fat Percentage (BFP) of more than 5%, whereas group 2 did not. Significant differences in OAB symptoms (p < 0.01) were recorded after training in favour of group 1 (number of voiding per 24 h changed from 8.92 ± 1.7 to 6.87 ± 0.40, OAB-q SS from 11.36 ± 8.57 to 1.46 ± 3.4). In the body composition assessment, significant differences (p < 0.001) were recorded after training in favour of group 1, in terms of BMI, BFP, WFA and body weight reduction. ConclusionThe high intensity exercise programme for reducing abdominal fat (PRAF) significantly reduces overweight and mild symptoms of OAB after 12 weeks.

Effect of dietary supplementation of Moringa oleifera leaf meal on the carcass characteristics and meat quality of broiler chickens

A research was conducted with four weeks old mixed sex Arbor Acres strain of broiler chickens (n = 200) to study the effect of equi-protein replacement of soybean meal (SBM) with Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MLM) on carcass characteristics and meat quality potentials of broiler finishers. Five experimental diets were formulated in which the dietary SBM was partially replaced with MLM at 0, 12.50, 25, 37.50, and 50% graded levels to form T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. Each treatment was allotted 40 birds with 10 birds per replicate to make up 4 replicates in a treatment. The experiment lasted for 28 days during which feed and water were offered without restrictions. At the end of the feeding trial, 2 birds per replicate were sacrificed after initial mechanical stunning to assess carcass and organ characteristics, skin and shank pigmentation and palatability of cooked meat. The weight of broiler prime cuts such as the thigh, breast and drum stick were significantly (p&lt;0.05) affected by the dietary treatments. Abdominal fat pad reduced significantly (p&lt;0.05) with increased level of MLM supplementations in broilers’ diets. No significant (p&gt;0.05) difference in the values recorded for cooking loss, however, in thaw loss, breast and drumstick recorded the highest (p&lt;0.05) values of 15.48±1.81 and 4.05±0.78 in T1 respectively. Skin and shank pigmentation scores increased (p&lt;0.05) with increased levels of dietary MLM but the general acceptability scores of boiled chicken meat revealed no significant (p&gt;0.05) difference. The present results indicate that MLM replacing SBM in broiler diets can improve significantly (p&lt;0.05) carcass yield and abdominal fat reduction. Skin and shank colouration improved (p&lt;0.05) and no adverse effect was observed in various internal organs compared with birds on the control diet.

PPARG and FTO polymorphism can modulate the outcomes of a central European diet and a Mediterranean diet in centrally obese postmenopausal women

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that polymorphism of genes with the biggest effects on body mass (FTO and PPARG) can affect the results of dieting in centrally obese postmenopausal women. A total of 144 volunteers were randomized to a 16-week intervention with two hypocaloric diets: either a Mediterranean diet (MED) moderate in fat (37% total energy as fat) or the Central European diet (CED) moderate in carbohydrates (55% total energy as carbohydrates). The associations between FTO and PPARG polymorphism on the baseline body mass, body composition, blood pressure, lipid and non-lipid parameters, and their changes after the trial were analyzed. None of the examined baseline outcomes differed in the rs9939609 FTO subgroups; abdominal fat was higher in the minor (G) allele carriers of the PPARG rs1801282. After the intervention, in the CED group, the PPARG G allele carriers showed greater reductions in weight (−6.58 ± 0.61 vs −9.58 ± 0.83; P < .01), lean mass (−0.38 ± 0.29 vs −1.79 ± 0.38; P < .05) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (−0.46 ± 0.77 vs −5.25 ± 1.49; P < .01) than the CC homozygotes, and the TT individuals of the rs9939609 FTO had greater reductions in diastolic blood pressure (−9.03 ± 1.78 vs. −7.58 ± 1.50; P < .05). In the MED group, greater reductions in abdominal fat were observed in the G allele carriers than in the CC homozygotes (−3.31 ± 0.26 vs. −4.23 ± 0.41; P < .05). PPARG and FTO polymorphism may affect the outcomes of the diets aimed at weight reduction in postmenopausal women.

Coffee Abundant in Chlorogenic Acids Reduces Abdominal Fat in Overweight Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial.

The components of roasted or green coffee beans that promote abdominal fat reduction are not clear. We investigated the effects of daily consumption of coffee enriched in chlorogenic acids (CGA) on abdominal fat area in a randomized, double-blind, parallel controlled trial. Healthy, overweight men and women (n = 150, body mass index (BMI) ≥25 to <30 kg/m2) were randomly allocated to high-CGA (369 mg CGA/serving) or control (35 mg CGA/serving) coffee groups. Instant coffee was consumed once daily for 12 weeks, with four-week pre- and post-observation periods. Abdominal fat area and anthropometric measurements were analyzed at baseline and at four, eight, and 12 weeks, and 142 subjects completed the trial. Visceral fat area (VFA), total abdominal fat area (TFA), body weight, and waist circumference significantly decreased in the CGA group compared with the control group, with a group × time interaction (p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.025, and p = 0.001, respectively). Changes in VFA and TFA from baseline to 12 weeks were significantly greater in the CGA group than in the control group (−9.0 ± 13.9 cm2 vs. −1.0 ± 14.3 cm2, p < 0.001; −13.8 ± 22.9 cm2 vs. −2.0 ± 16.2 cm2, p < 0.001). No severe adverse events occurred. Consumption of high-CGA coffee for 12 weeks by overweight adults might lower VFA, TFA, BMI, and waist circumference.

Increased Diet Quality is Associated with Long-Term Reduction of Abdominal and Pericardial Fat.

Objective.We aimed to study the longitudinal associations between genetic risk, change in diet quality, and change in visceral adipose tissue (ΔVAT), abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (ΔSAT), and pericardial adipose tissue (ΔPAT).Methods.We analyzed 1,677 Framingham Heart Study participants who had ectopic fat depots measured using computed tomography. We quantified diet quality using a Mediterranean-style diet score (MDS) and genetic risk by depot-specific genetic risk scores (GRSs).Results.Per standard deviation improvement in MDS, there was 50 cm3 (95% CI: 14, 86; p=0.007) less fat accumulation in VAT; 52 cm3 (95% CI: 12, 92; p=0.01) less fat accumulation in SAT; and 1.3 cm3 (95% CI: 0.1, 2.4; p=0.04) less fat accumulation in PAT. No association was observed between GRSs and ΔVAT or ΔSAT. One standard deviation increase in the PAT GRS was associated with 1.2 cm3 (95% CI: 0.1, 2.3; p=0.03) increase in ΔPAT. In participants with higher PAT GRS, those with ΔMDS ≥0 had a favorable change in PAT compared to the counterparts with ΔMDS <0 (p=0.008).Conclusions.Longitudinal improvements in diet quality are associated with less ectopic fat accumulation. Our study suggests that diet quality may play a critical role in improving ectopic adiposity profiles.

Comparing Time Efficiency of Sprint vs. High-Intensity Interval Training in Reducing Abdominal Visceral Fat in Obese Young Women: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Introduction: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an emerging lifestyle intervention strategy for controlling obesity. HIIT consisted of brief all-out supramaximal sprint intervals was termed as sprint interval training (SIT). This study was designed to examine the time-efficient characteristics of SIT in reducing abdominal visceral fat.Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the specific adaptations of SIT (80 × 6 s all-out cycle sprints interspersed with 9 s passive recovery) with those resulting from a HIIT regimen with training volume relatively higher (repeated 4 min bouts of cycling at 90% O2max alternated with 3 min rest, until the work of 400KJ was achieved), and with those of nonexercising control counterparts (CON). Forty-six obese young women (body fat percentage ≥30) received either SIT (n = 16), HIIT (n = 16), or no training (n = 14), 3–4 sessions per week, for 12 weeks. The abdominal visceral fat area (AVFA) and abdominal subcutaneous fat area (ASFA) of the participants were measured through computed tomography scans pre-intervention and post-intervention. Total fat mass and the fat mass of the android, gynoid, and trunk regions were assessed through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.Results: Following the intervention, abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat were reduced markedly (p < 0.05). The reduction in AVFA (−6.31, −9.7 cm2) was not different between SIT and HIIT (p > 0.05), while the reduction in ASFA (−17.4, −40.7 cm2) in SIT was less than that in HIIT (p < 0.05). Less reduction in the fat mass of the trunk (−1.2, −2.0 kg) region was also found in SIT, while the reductions in fat percentage (−1.9%, −2.0%), total fat mass (−2.0, −2.8 kg), and fat mass of the android (−0.2, −0.2 kg), and gynoid (−0.4, −0.3 kg) regions did not differ between the two regimes (p > 0.05). In contrast, the increase in O2max was significant greater following the SIT than HIIT (p < 0.01). No variable changed in CON.Conclusion: Such findings suggest that the lower training load and exercise time commitments of the SIT regime could optimize the time-efficiency advantage of the traditional HIIT, facilitating the abdominal visceral fat reduction in obese young women.

Subcutaneous infiltration of carbon dioxide (carboxytherapy) for abdominal fat reduction: A randomized clinical trial

Subcutaneous infiltration of carbon dioxide (carboxytherapy) for abdominal fat reduction: A randomized clinical trial

White- and Brown-Rice Supplementation Improves Insulin Tolerance, Brown Fat Activation, Energy Expenditure, and Changes the Gut Microflora in Diet-Induced Obesity

Increased consumption of white rice (WR) with parallel decreased use of brown rice (BR) have been associated with increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), suggesting WR may elevate the risk of T2DM. To test whether WR or BR have differential effects on glucose metabolism in diet-induced obesity, C57BL/6 mice were fed 6 different diets: control diet (CD, 10%), high fat diet (HFD, 46%) and CD and HFD with either WR or BR. Diets with WR or BR were controlled with comparable carbohydrate and protein contents. After 18 weeks, the median weights of HFD mice were greater (36%) than those on CD. Surprisingly, adding WR or BR to HFD decreased weight gains equally by 53% with parallel reduction of abdominal, visceral, subcutaneous, and total fat vs. HFD. Activity and food intake did not change among mice on HFD. However, HFD decreased heat, VO2, and VCO2 production vs. CD which were normalized by adding WR or BR, per indirect calorimetry with metabolic cages. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test on HFD were improved by either WR or BR, although mice on BR+HFD exhibited greater improvements than mice on WR+HFD (P&amp;lt;0.05). Adding WR or BR to HFD decreased HFD-induced elevations of plasma leptin and MCP-1 levels. HFD decreased brown fat tissue mass and markers, UCP-1 and PGC1α vs. CD mice which improved when WR or BR was added to HFD. Gut microbiota composition, assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing and metagenomic analysis, showed clear differences between HFD vs. CD or vs. the addition of BR or WR. The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes was increased significantly in HFD vs. CD diet, which has been associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome, but decreased by the addition of WR (63%) or BR (81%). Thus, BR and, surprisingly, WR may activate BAT, increase energy expenditure to reduce body weight and improve insulin sensitivity while on HFD, possibly by altering gut microbiome, indicating that common substances may exist in BR and WR to lower the risks for T2DM. Disclosure H. Yokomizo: None. A. Ishikado: Employee; Self; Sunstar Inc.. Employee; Spouse/Partner; Sunstar Inc.. T. Shinjo: None. K. Park: None. Y. Maeda: None. I. Wu: None. D.M. Pober: None. S. Devkota: None. M. Matsumoto: Employee; Self; Sunstar Inc.. A. Kostic: None. G.L. King: Research Support; Self; Sanofi-Aventis.

Randomized Trial Of Amino Acid Mixture Combined With Physical Activity Promotion In Overweight Adults

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of arginine, alanine, and phenylalanine mixture (A-mix) ingestion at 1,500 mg/day in combination with the promotion of physical activity for abdominal fat reduction in overweight adults. METHODS: A placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group, randomized trial for 12 weeks combined with a 4-week follow-up period was conducted at a single center in Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan, between December 2016 and May 2017. The data were examined between June and August 2017. The study participants were 200 overweight adults within the age of 20-64 years old. The participants were randomly assigned to the A-mix or a placebo group, and were administered 500-mL test beverage containing 1,500 mg or 0 mg of A-mix, respectively, for 12 weeks. All participants endeavored to maintain a physically active lifestyle between week 0 and week 12 through monthly sessions of physical activity. The primary endpoints were the 12-week changes in the abdominal total, subcutaneous, and visceral fat areas, as assessed by computed tomography. RESULTS: Of the 200 enrolled participants, 199 (99%) accomplished the 12-week intervention and 4-week follow-up period. The per-protocol-based analysis for 194 participants demonstrated that the abdominal total fat area decreased significantly in the A-mix group compared with that of the placebo group (difference, 10.0 cm2; 95% confidence interval, 0.4-19.6 cm2; P = 0.041). Comparable outcomes were acquired for the abdominal subcutaneous fat area (difference, 7.4 cm2; 95% confidence interval, 0.1-14.7 cm2; P = 0.047). No study-related unfavorable events occurred. CONCLUSIONS: A-mix supplementation in combination with physical activity promotion facilitated abdominal fat reduction in overweight adults. This trial was based on a collaborative research agreement between the University of Tsukuba Faculty of Medicine and Meiji Co., Ltd. K.U., C.S., and S.I. are employees of Meiji Co., Ltd.

Subcutaneous infiltration of carbon dioxide (carboxytherapy) for abdominal fat reduction: A randomized clinical trial

Noninvasive fat removal is preferred because of decreased downtime and lower perceived risk. It is important to seek new noninvasive fat removal treatments that are both safe and efficacious. To assess the extent to which carboxytherapy, which is the insufflation of carbon dioxide gas into subcutaneous fat, results in reduction of fat volume. In this randomized, sham-controlled, split-body study, adults (body mass index, 22-29kg/m2) were randomized to receive 5 weekly infusions of 1000cm3 of CO2 to 1 side of the abdomen, and 5 sham treatments to the contralateral side. The primary outcome measures were ultrasound measurement of fat layer thickness and total circumference before and after treatment. A total of 16 participants completed the study. Ultrasound measurement indicated less fat volume on the side treated with carboxytherapy 1week after the last treatment (P=.011), but the lower fat volume was not maintained at 28weeks. Total circumference decreased nominally but not significantly at week 5 compared with baseline (P=.0697). Participant body weights did not change over the entire course of the study (P=1.00). Limitations included modest sample size and some sources of error in the measurement of circumference and fat layer. Carboxytherapy provides a transient decrease in subcutaneous fat that may not persist. Treatment is well tolerated.

Randomized trial of amino acid mixture combined with physical activity promotion for abdominal fat reduction in overweight adults.

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of arginine, alanine, and phenylalanine mixture (A-mix) ingestion at 1,500 mg/day in combination with the promotion of physical activity for abdominal fat reduction in overweight adults.MethodsA placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group, randomized trial for 12 weeks combined with a 4-week follow-up period was conducted at a single center in Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan, between December 2016 and May 2017. Data were analyzed between June and August 2017. The study participants were 200 overweight adults within the age range of 20–64 years. The participants were randomly assigned to the A-mix group (n=100) or a placebo group (n=100) and were administered 500 mL of test beverage containing 1,500 or 0 mg of A-mix, respectively, for 12 weeks. All participants maintained a physically active lifestyle between week 0 and week 12 through monthly sessions of physical activity. The primary outcomes were the 12-week changes in the abdominal total, subcutaneous, and visceral fat areas, as assessed by computed tomography.ResultsOf the 200 enrolled participants, 199 (99%) accomplished the 12-week intervention and 4-week follow-up period. The per-protocol-based analysis for 194 participants demonstrated that the abdominal total fat area decreased significantly in the A-mix group compared with that in the placebo group (difference, 10.0 cm2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.4–19.6 cm2; P=0.041). Comparable outcomes were obtained for the abdominal subcutaneous fat area (difference, 7.4 cm2; 95% CI: 0.1–14.7 cm2; P=0.047). No study-related unfavorable events occurred.ConclusionA-mix supplementation in combination with physical activity promotion facilitated abdominal fat reduction in overweight adults.

Clinical study to evaluate the performance of a noninvasive focused ultrasound device for thigh fat and circumference reduction compared to control.

An FDA-cleared focused ultrasound device (UltraShape, Syneron Candela® , Yokneam, Israel) for noninvasive abdominal fat reduction produces localized mechanical cellular membrane disruption in adipocytes. This study seeks to determine the safety and efficacy of this device for use on the thighs. Fourteen women aged 33-60 were selected to receive 3 biweekly treatments to one thigh with the other thigh serving as an internal control. The subjects had a BMI range of 18-30kg/m2 and a weight range of 54-83kg. After the third treatment, patients were followed at 4, 8, and 16weeks. Fat thickness was measured by both caliper and ultrasound. In addition, thigh circumference and the patient's weight were measured. Pain, edema, erythema, and adverse events as well as investigator and patient overall satisfaction were recorded at all visits. In comparison with the control, there was a statistically significant average reduction in fat thickness measured by calipers at all time points with a 22.20% (P=.0165) improvement in 16weeks. By ultrasound, there was a 19.23% (4.03mm P=.0051) reduction in fat thickness at 16weeks with statistically significant improvement at the other follow-up visits. At 16weeks, thigh circumference improved, on average, 2.8cm (P=.0059) at the midline. 90.0% of the subjects were satisfied with the results at 16weeks, and the investigator was 100% satisfied. No adverse events were reported; no edema was observed in any subject. All subjects experienced mild erythema. All reported zero pain on a 0-10 scale. Focused ultrasound is safe, effective, and well tolerated to improve the circumference and fat thickness of the thighs without significant side effects. There were no significant adverse events. Investigators and subjects were highly satisfied with the results.

Abdominal Fat Reduction through Cryolipolysis

Although several studies showed the efficacy and safety from this procedure, the comparative assessment of adipose tissue by cryolipolysis has not been studied until now. Therefore we investigated the quantitative change of cross sectional areas of abdominal SAT (subcutaneous adipose tissue) and VAT (visceral adipose tissue) following cryolipolysis. A prospective study for twelve subjects with a single session of cryolipolysis on abdomen was performed. We assessed for their height, weight, and waist circumferences, body contours by photographs, and the cross sectional areas of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues were measured at umbilicus level by computerized tomography for 2 months. The cross sectional areas in SAT reduced from 243.3 ± 24.7 to 238.5 ± 40.7 cm2 at 2 months post-treatment. Those of VAT reduced from 141.3 ± 46.4 to 125.1 ± 42.8 cm2 at 2 months post-treatment. Cross sectional areas of VAT, and waist circumferences were significantly reduced by 16.2 cm2, 4.1 cm respectively. Additionally visual improvement without unexpected adverse events was noted. In conclusion a single session cryolipolysis demonstrated to reduce visceral adipose tissue as well as waist circumferences tissue for 2 months. Further controlled study would be needed to evaluate for reduction of visceral adipose tissue by cryolipolysis.

Potential Effects of Micro-Current Stimulation for Reduction of Abdominal Fat and Weight Loss: Clinical Study

Potential Effects of Micro-Current Stimulation for Reduction of Abdominal Fat and Weight Loss: Clinical Study

Impact of Abdominal Subcutaneous Fat Reduction on Glycemic Control in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: The effect on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) when adipose tissue is removed is controversial. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of the abdominoplasty and bariatric surgery on glycemic control in patients with T2DM. Methods: Patients with T2DM undergoing abdominoplasty for cosmesis were studied (n = 25). Subjects were 36.9 ± 1.3 years with a preoperative body mass index (BMI) of 40.6 ± 0.5 kg/m2 and mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 7.4% ± 0.2%. Fifteen matched patients undergoing bariatric surgery were selected as a comparator group. Weight, BMI, waist circumference (WC), random blood glucose (RBG), and HbA1c were evaluated at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months postsurgery. Results: By 12 months, abdominoplasty reduced weight by 5.6 ± 0.3 kg p < 0.01), and HbA1c was reduced to 6.8% ± 0.3% (p < 0.01). After 12 months, bariatric surgery reduced BMI from 42.2 ± 1 kg/m2 to 26.6 ± 0.4 kg/m2 (p < 0.01). HbA1c reduced from 7.9% ± 0.4% to 5.5% ± 0.2% (p < 0.01). WC was similar between both groups at 3 months, although HbA1c reductions were superior after bariatric surgery. Conclusions: Reducing subcutaneous adipose tissue with abdominoplasty results in a small improvement in glycemic control in patients with T2DM. Despite equivalent WC at 3 months, bariatric surgery outperformed abdominoplasty on all metabolic parameters then and thereafter.

NÍVEIS DE INCLUSÃO DA TORTA DA SEMENTE DE CUPUAÇU NA DIETA DE FRANGOS CAIPIRAS CRIADOS NA AMAZÔNIA OCIDENTAL

O experimento foi realizado com o intuito de avaliar os efeitos da inclusão da torta da semente de cupuaçu (TSC) nas dietas de frangos de linhagem caipira. O delineamento foi o inteiramente casualizado e foram utilizados 300 pintainhos de corte, sendo que os níveis de inclusão foram de 0, 5, 10, 15 e 20%, de TSC nas rações. Cada tratamento possuía seis repetições com 10 aves. Foram analisados os níveis de inclusões da TSC nos períodos de 1-14, 1-28, 1-42, 1-56 e 1-70 dias de criação, em relação ao desempenho zootécnico (consumo de ração, peso vivo, conversão alimentar, eficiência alimentar e viabilidade dos frangos). Foi analisado também o rendimento de carcaça e a margem bruta relativa (MBR). A utilização da TSC na dieta dos frangos reduziu o consumo de ração e, consequentemente, o peso vivo, piorando a conversão alimentar, reduzindo a eficiência alimentar da ração e a viabilidade dos frangos. Não houve influência da inclusão da TSC sobre o rendimento de carcaça de machos, porém houve aumento no rendimento de moela vazia, intestinos e redução da gordura abdominal. Houve também redução na MBR, conforme os níveis crescentes de inclusão da TSC.

Wpływ fal elektromagnetycznych i ultradźwiękowych na redukcję tkanki tłuszczowej u kobiet w wieku 25–45 lat oceniany za pomocą impedancji bioelektrycznej

Wstęp: Nadmiernie rozwinięta tkanka tłuszczowa jest poważnym problemem zdrowotnym, ale również bardzo istotnym defektem estetycznym. Kosmetologia jako dziedzina nauk o zdrowiu może wspomagać wszelkie działania mające nacelu poprawę stanu zdrowia i jakości życia.Celem pracy była ocena redukcji tkanki tłuszczowej tułowia u kobiet w wieku 25–45 lat po zastosowaniu fal ultradźwiękowych (U) o częstotliwości 1 MHz i fal elektromagnetycznych o częstotliwości 1 MHz.Materiały i metody: Badaniem objęto 60 zdrowych kobiet w wieku 25–45 lat z nadmiernie rozwiniętą tkanką tłuszczową w obrębie powłok brzusznych, kwalifikowanych do badań na podstawie zawartości tkanki tłuszczowej powyżej 29%, oznaczonej za pomocą impedancji bioelektrycznej.Wyniki: Po upływie 30 dni od zakończenia serii 10 zabiegów w grupie RF (fale radiowe) obserwowano obniżenie zawartości tłuszczu o 1,7% w odniesieniu do stanu przed rozpoczęciem badania, w grupie RF/U (łącznie fale radiowe iultradźwiękowe) o 2,2%, natomiast w grupie U wartość tego parametru obniżyła się tylko o 0,6%.Wnioski: Najkorzystniejsze oddziaływanie na redukcję zawartości tłuszczu tułowia wywarły zastosowane łącznie obydwa bodźce fizykalne (fale radiowe i ultradźwiękowe). Obniżenie zawartości tłuszczu obserwowano bezpośrednio pozakończeniu zabiegów, jak i po upływie kolejnych 30 dni. Zwięzła wersja rozprawy doktorskiej przyjętej przez Radę Wydziału Nauk o Zdrowiu Pomorskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Szczecinie. Promotor prof. dr hab. n. med. Stanisława Bielecka-Grzela. Oryginał obejmuje: 90 stron, 27 rycin, 24 tabele i 97 pozycji piśmiennictwa.

Dose-ranging pilot randomized trial of amino acid mixture combined with physical activity promotion for reducing abdominal fat in overweight adults.

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the effective dose of an amino acid mixture comprising arginine, alanine, and phenylalanine combined with physical activity promotion in reducing abdominal fat among overweight adults.MethodsA 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging, pilot trial was conducted in Mito, Japan, from January through April 2016, and the data were analyzed from May through November 2016. The study participants were 35 overweight adults, aged 20–64 years, with no regular exercise habit. Participants were randomly assigned to high-dose (3,000 mg/d, n=9), medium-dose (1,500 mg/d, n=9), low-dose (750 mg/d, n=8), or placebo (0 mg/d, n=9) groups, and the test beverage containing the amino acid mixture or placebo was administered for 12 weeks. All participants maintained a physically active lifestyle during the study period through monthly physical activity promotion sessions and smartphone-based self-monitoring with wearable trackers. Primary outcomes were changes in abdominal total, subcutaneous, and visceral fat areas, assessed by computed tomography.ResultsOf the 35 enrolled participants, 32 completed the 12-week follow-up visit. The intention-to-treat analysis revealed that the changes in abdominal total fat area were −14.6 cm2 (95% confidence interval [CI], −39.6 cm2 to 10.4 cm2), −25.3 cm2 (95% CI, −71.0 cm2 to 20.3 cm2), −23.2 cm2 (95% CI, −48.0 cm2 to 1.6 cm2), and −12.5 cm2 (95% CI, −29.1 cm2 to 4.0 cm2) in the high-dose, medium-dose, low-dose, and placebo groups, respectively. Similar results were obtained for visceral and subcutaneous fat areas. No study-related adverse events were reported.ConclusionCompared with placebo, a medium or low dose of the amino acid mixture may facilitate abdominal fat reduction among overweight adults. A larger randomized trial with sufficient statistical power should be implemented to validate the effectiveness of this supplement.