Reduction In Shear Stress Research Articles

APPLYING REGULAR RELIEF ONTO CONICAL SURFACES OF CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE TRANSMISSION TO ENHANCE ITS WEAR RESISTANCE

While investigating the variator transmission of vehicles, the relationship between the technological and service parameters of the working surfaces of conical disks treated by technological methods was established. The service properties are proposed to be enhanced by Regular MicroReliefs (RMRs) created on such surfaces. The optimal technological processing conditions were found, which allow retaining the greatest amount of lubricant. The causes of surface defects, formed on the working surfaces of conical disks of the Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT), are systematized and classified. The wear resistance of such surfaces is proposed to be enhanced by technological methods, in particular, by forming partially RMRs on them. Their application facilitates relaxation processes on the material near to the surface, reduces shear stresses and strains, thus preventing the formation of burrs and extending the life of the conical disks of the CVT. A novel approach for obtaining the toolpaths of the deforming element, based on the so-called “Commis–Voyageur problem” algorithms, is employed in order to research the possibilities for involving that methods in toolpath generation. Dependences between the partial RMR’s formation conditions (deforming forces and feedrate) and microgeometric quality parameters are established. The latter include surface roughness, with a partially RMR applied onto the face surfaces of the test specimen (rotary body). It is found that these microreliefs enhance the ability of oil retaining in plastically deformed traces, formed over the operational surfaces, in comparison with those, that are processed by traditional cutting methods, as turning for example.

Shear stability and resistance design of novel vertically-flexible stiffened steel plate shear walls

Steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) have been widely employed in practical engineering projects. The steel plates inevitably endure axial loads due to the gravitational forces and structural settling. However, vertical pre-compressive loads have detrimental effects on the buckling behavior and shear resistance of the steel plates. Instead of strengthening the SPSWs to resist the vertical loads, a new type of vertically-flexible stiffened steel plate shear wall (VFS-SPSW) is proposed to minimize these adverse effects. The incorporation of hollow steel tube reduces the vertical compressive stiffness of the VFS-SPSW, leading to a decrease in the proportion of axial compressive loads transmitted to the steel plate wall from the boundary frame. Consequently, this feature facilitates the installation of VFS-SPSW without the necessity of awaiting the completion of the upper structure. In this paper, finite element (FE) analysis is conducted to obtain a threshold out-of-plane bending stiffness ratio for the stability of the VFS-SPSW. Subsequently, a formula for threshold out-of-plane bending stiffness ratio is proposed, including parameters of the ratio of torsional to bending stiffness and aspect ratio of the subpanel. Then, the anchoring mechanism of hollow steel tube to the tensile field of the steel plate is investigated. The threshold in-plane anchor stiffness ratio is defined to ensure the full development of the tension field in the steel plate. A formula for predicting this ratio is proposed by theoretical and numerical analysis. Finally, the reduction factor of vertical compressive stiffness for the VFS-SPSW at the threshold in-plane anchor stiffness ratio is calculated. The results indicate that the vertical compressive stiffness of the VFS-SPSW, which meets the threshold stiffness design requirements, can be decreased to below 50% of the traditional stiffened SPSW, while ensuring that the reduction in ultimate shear stress remains within the limit of 5%.

Experimental investigation of a grid plasma jet array in a turbulent boundary layer for skin-friction drag reduction

Toward turbulent skin-friction drag reduction, a novel layout of plasma actuator with a grid anode is devised (grid edge length: L), capable of producing an array of wall-normal plasma jets. The characteristics of this plasma jet array and its interaction with a turbulent boundary layer are investigated experimentally with a particle imaging velocimetry. Results show that the quiescent flow field of the plasma actuator is dominated by a standing vortex ring attached at the inner sides of the square grid, a wall-normal jet flow issued from the grid center, and a downwash flow between adjacent grids. When a tandem array of 11 plasma jets are issued into the cross flow, an equilibrium stage is reached after the third jet. In this stage, the main body of the wall-normal jet bends noticeably to the cross flow, and its leeward side hosts a reverse flow zone, extending downstream to form a slender low-speed wedge (LSW). Two vortical structures are prominent: the streamwise counter-rotating vortex pair residing in the two sides of the jet body, and the arch-shape negative spanwise vortex situated on the LSW root. In the grid-middle plane, the production of turbulence is enhanced across the entire boundary layer, and a second production peak is identified at y+=26. Reduction of the spanwise-averaged wall shear stress is achieved downstream of plasma actuation at x/L≥19.4, and part of the drag reduction fruit earned by ejection is offset by the spanwise transportation of high-velocity fluids toward the middle plane.

Evaluation of the horizontal cyclic shear stress on the enclosed soil in DSM grid-improved ground by numerical simulation

Deep soil mixing (DSM) grids are widely used as effective countermeasures against liquefaction hazards. A simplified two-dimensional, nonlinear, finite element model involving DSM grid-improved ground is proposed to investigate the shear stress responses of the enclosed soil. A numerical model with several approximations of longitudinal walls was carefully validated by a centrifuge model test. The waist-shaped depth distribution of the horizontal cyclic shear stress acting on the enclosed soil (i.e., the “waist effect”) was revealed and well explained according to the characteristics of dynamic soil-grid interactions. Attention should be given to the increasing shear load sustained by the underlain layer, which may lead to an unexpected failure. A mathematical model for the shear stress reduction ratio was proposed based on a comprehensive numerical parametric analysis considering varying geometry and shear modulus of the DSM grid with a reasonable range. The proposed evaluation method, along with conventional liquefaction-triggering analysis, can be utilized for the seismic design of DSM grids in liquefaction mitigation. The previous design methods without considering the “waist effect” underestimate the overall horizontal cyclic shear stress acting on enclosed soil.

High time-resolved studies of stick-slip show similar dilatancy to fast and slow earthquakes.

Fast and slow earthquakes are two modes of energy release by the slip in tectonic fault rupture. Although fast and slow slips were observed in the laboratory stick-slip experiments, due to the sampling rate limitation, the details of the fault thickness variation were poorly understood. Especially, why a single fault would show different modes of slip remains elusive. Herein, we report on ring shear experiments with an ultrahigh sampling rate (10 MHz) that illuminate the different physical processes between fast and slow slip events. We show that the duration of slips ranged from dozens to hundreds of milliseconds. Fast slip events are characterized by continuous large-amplitude AE (acoustic emission) and somewhat intricate variation of the sample thickness: A short compaction pulse during the rapid release of stress is followed by dilation and vibrations of the sample thickness. As the slip ends, the thickness of the sample first recovers by slow compaction and then dilates again before nucleation of the following slip event. In contrast, during slow slip events, the shear stress reduction is accompanied by intermittent bursts of low-amplitude AE and sample dilation. We observed the detailed thickness variation during slips and found that dilation occurs during both fast and slow slips, which is consistent with natural observations of coseismic dilatation. This study may be used to reveal the mechanism of fault slips during fast and slow earthquakes, which explain the potential effect of fast and slow slips on stress redistribution and structural rearrangement in faults.

Improving Bendability of 6000-Series Extruded Aluminum Profiles Using Dies through Shear Stress and Flow-Velocity Reduction

Improving Bendability of 6000-Series Extruded Aluminum Profiles Using Dies through Shear Stress and Flow-Velocity Reduction

Using 2DVD technology to explore droplet characteristic variations of sprinkler irrigation as affected by a maize canopy

Canopy cover influences the water distribution and droplet characteristics of sprinkler irrigation, creating uncertainty in the design optimization of sprinkler irrigation systems. To evaluate the effects of canopy cover on water distribution and droplet characteristics of sprinkler irrigation, the radial distribution of droplet diameters, velocities, impact angles, shear stresses, and kinetic energies were investigated by an indoor experiment using a two-dimensional video disdrometer (2DVD) with Nelson R33LP low-pressure sprinklers at three operating pressures (100, 200, and 300 kPa), three nozzle diameters (4.4, 4.8, and 5.2 mm), and two growing stages of the maize canopy. Additionally, the water application rates were measured by catch-can devices for each treatment. The results show that small droplets passing through the canopy converge into larger-diameter droplets and large droplets passing through the canopy break up into smaller-diameter droplets. The canopy cover significantly affected droplet kinetic energy and velocity and reduced shear stress by 2.48–96.09 %, which could minimize the risk of soil erosion. Meanwhile, an increase in the leaf area index (LAI) reduced the kinetic energy by 0.26–99.00 %. Canopy cover also had an obvious effect on the irrigation uniformity coefficients (CU). The CU without the canopy exhibited a significant linear correlation with the CU with the canopy. When the irrigation CU without the canopy was 62.00 %, the maize canopy at the jointing stage improved it by 16.62 %, and when the CU without the canopy was 88.47 %, the maize canopy cover at the jointing stage reduced it by 4.68 %. An increase in operating pressure improved the uniformity of the sprinkler by 0.57–151.58 % and reduced shear stress by 2.80–95.11 %. An increasing nozzle size increased the application rate and specific power. This study provides technical support for the design of sprinkler irrigation systems.

Thermal performance of microchannel heat sink integrated with porous medium, slip coefficient and phase change material and machine learning approach

In this study, the thermal performance (TP) of the microchannel heat sink (MCHS) under the influence of the slip coefficient on the microchannel wall, the use of porous medium (PM) and phase change material (PCM), and the changes in the geometrical parameters and the shape of the microchannel have been discussed. The flow and energy equations were solved using the finite volume method. The validation of the melting process, slip coefficient, and porous medium with the previous literature demonstrate the high accuracy of the numerical solution, with the difference between the results being <8 %. The results indicate that using a wavy microchannel can improve TP by approximately10.6 % and 5 % compared to smooth and converging microchannels. Additionally, using non-Newtonian fluids with a power characteristic of 0.53 leads to improved TP about 2.8 % by reducing shear stress compared to Newtonian fluids. Furthermore, the presence of slip on the microchannel wall influences the flow pattern, resulting in reduced convection resistance and improved TP about 3.2–3.8 %. The highest TP was observed at a slip coefficient of 0.00001. Incorporating PM in the microchannel (either in the center or around it) can enhance TP by approximately 8–15 % compared to the base state, with greater improvements observed when PM is placed around the microchannel. The type of PM material and the porosity coefficient significantly impact TP. Varying the cross-sectional shape of the microchannel (square, rhombus, and triangle) has a substantial effect on improving TP compared to a circular cross-section, with the highest TP (with a 71 % increase) observed in microchannels with a square cross-section. Lastly, the use of PCM and PM on the active surface leads to a significant TP improvement of over 80 % compared to the base state. Using the Group Method of Data Handling algorithm, thermal resistance was estimated with an R-square value of 0.94 to validate the available data.

Evaluation of seagrass as a nature-based solution for coastal protection in the German Wadden Sea

Global climate change increases the overall risks for coastal flooding and erosion. Meanwhile, nature-based solutions (NbS) are increasingly becoming a focus of coastal protection measures to improve the climate adaptability. In this study, the present and potential future role of seagrass in coastal risk reduction strategies were explored for the highly energetic Wadden Sea area of the German Bight. The methodology in this study combined seagrass coverage data (Zostera marina and Zostera noltei) obtained by field surveys and what-if scenario simulations using the SCHISM unstructured grid model framework, coupling hydrodynamics, waves, sediments, and a seagrass module. The results suggest that the introduction of seagrass meadows locally can reduce both current velocities and significant wave heights in the order of up to 30% in the deeper areas and above 90% in the shallow areas. Reduction in bottom shear stress of a similar relative magnitude significantly reduced sediment mobilisation on the order of 2 g/L in the 95th quantile of bottom layer sediment concentrations. Effectively altering hydromorphodynamic conditions favouring sediment accumulation, seagrass expansion could help tidal flats height growths to keep up with SLR, thus further maintaining the bathymetry-induced tidal dampening and lowering flooding and erosion risks as well the amount of energy at dike infrastructure. The accumulated effect of seagrass under calm weather conditions is considered more important than the increased attenuation in absolute values it provides during extreme conditions. The overall conclusion is that seagrass expansion could be a useful addition to engineered coastal protection measures.

Optimization of functionally graded polycrystalline diamond compact based on residual stress: Numerical simulation and experimental verification

Polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) is composed of a polycrystalline diamond layer with a tungsten carbide substrate, which is commonly used on drill bits. PDC bits are widely used in geological and petroleum drilling. There are frequently issues with failure, such as chipping of teeth during drilling, attributed to the residual stress within the PDC. Residual stresses arise from the difference in material properties between the polycrystalline diamond layer and the tungsten carbide substrate after sintering and cooling. To address the residual stresses inside the PDC, this research work optimized the design of a PDC with a functionally graded structure is reported in this paper. The effect of gradient structural parameters on the residual stresses of the PDC is analyzed using the finite element method. The results show that as the thickness of the gradient structural layer increases, the maximum residual tensile stress gradually decreases and stabilizes. Since the total thickness of the gradient structural layer is fixed, increasing the layer number (decreasing the thickness of the single layer) cannot reduce the maximum tensile stress, but it can minimize the sudden change of axial stress across the interface, thus resulting in less interface cracking. The optimum gradient structure design parameters are obtained and the optimal graded PDC is prepared via fused deposition modeling and sintering technology, resulting in a 62% reduction in maximum shear stress, a 70% decrease in maximum axial stress, and a 40% drop in maximum radial stress compared to conventional PDC. The accuracy of the finite element calculations is demonstrated by the Raman spectroscopy results. This work will provide a reliable guide for the design of functional graded structure PDCs and lay the foundation for their preparation and application.

Fibrin Stiffness Regulates Phenotypic Plasticity of Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells.

The extracellular matrix (ECM)-regulated phenotypic plasticity is crucial for metastatic progression of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). While ECM faithful cell-based models are available for in situ and invasive tumors, such as cell aggregate cultures in reconstituted basement membrane and in collagenous gels, there are no ECM faithful models for metastatic circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Such models are essential to represent the stage of metastasis where clinical relevance and therapeutic opportunities are significant. Here, CTC-like DU4475 TNBC cells are cultured in mechanically tunable 3D fibrin hydrogels. This is motivated, as in circulation fibrin aids CTC survival by forming a protective coating reducing shear stress and immune cell-mediated cytotoxicity and promotes several stages of late metastatic processes at the interface between circulation and tissue. This work shows that fibrin hydrogels support DU4475 cell growth, resulting in spheroid formation. Furthermore, increasing fibrin stiffness from 57 to 175Pa leads to highly motile, actin and tubulin containing cellular protrusions, which are associated with specific cell morphology and gene expression patterns that markedly differ from basement membrane or suspension cultures. Thus, mechanically tunable fibrin gels reveal specific matrix-based regulation of TNBC cell phenotype and offer scaffolds for CTC-like cells with better mechano-biological properties than liquid.

Mechanical, microstructural, and fretting wear behaviour of Al2O3–ZrO2-CNT based bimodal composite coatings

In current work, bimodal thermal barrier coatings (TBC) were deposited via atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) using Al2O3 as matrix, reinforced with 20 wt% of ZrO2 and 4 wt% of carbon nanotubes (CNT) over Inconel 718 substrate. The objective is to study the effect of bimodality and reinforcements on mechanical and tribological behaviour of Al2O3 based thermal barrier coatings (TBC). Al2O3–ZrO2, Al2O3–ZrO2-CNT and micro-Al2O3 coatings named as AZ, AZC and μ-Al2O3, respectively. Presence of partially melted and solid-state sintered nanostructured region (NR) with fully melted and re-solidified microstructured regions (MR) showed bimodal microstructure. Reinforcements leads to enhance nano-hardness and plasticity index from (12.8 GPa, 0.12) for μ-Al2O3 to (14.7 GPa, 0.17) for MR of AZ and (14.1 GPa, 0.17) for AZC, which is attributed to higher amount of α-Al2O3 and t-ZrO2 present after coating deposition. Nanostructured regions reduce shear stress generation under 9.8 N load during fretting wear in AZ (293.8 MPa) and AZC (298.7 MPa), resulting in a more uniform surface and reduced wear rate. Additionally, the higher aspect ratio and lubrication effect of CNTs in AZC generates least energy dissipation (92.9 J) and wear rate (0.9 × 10−6 mm3N−1m−1). SEM and EDS analysis of worn surfaces in coatings and counter body revealed abrasive, adhesive wear is dominant in μ-Al2O3 than AZ and AZC coatings due to presence of larger wear debris and more material transfer from coating to Si3N4 body than AZ and AZC. Overall, the synergistic effect of bimodality and reinforcements leads to improved mechanical property, and reduced energy dissipation and shear stress generation during wear that makes APS-AZC coating a potential material for wear and high temperature environment.

Study of Stress Distribution in L-Shaped Walls with Openings under Intense Seismic Conditions on Various Soil Types

This article contributes to deepening our understanding of the distribution of compression, tension, and shear stress in reinforced concrete mid-rise building shear walls. These L-shaped shear walls include openings that can account for up to 50% of the total wall area. To conduct this study, seismic performance analyses of the buildings were carried out using ABAQUS software on four distinct types of soils, subjecting the buildings to a high-intensity earthquake. Three wall thicknesses were considered: 15 cm, 20 cm, and 25 cm. The analysis results demonstrate that the use of thicker walls proved to be effective in reducing stresses, as expected, while also meeting the strength requirements. Furthermore, increasing the openings up to 30% in the shear walls allowed for a reduction in shear stress. However, it is important to note that the observed stresses varied depending on the type of soil and the percentage of openings in the walls.

Temperature-Dependent Friction-Induced Surface Amorphization Mechanism of Crystal Silicon.

Friction-induced surface amorphization of silicon is one of the most important surface wear and damage forms, changing the material properties and harming the reliability of silicon-based devices. However, knowledge regarding the amorphization mechanisms as well as the effects of temperature is still insufficient, because the experimental measurements of the crystal-amorphous interface structures and evolutions are extremely difficult. In this work, we aim to fully reveal the temperature dependence of silicon amorphization behaviors and relevant mechanisms by using reactive molecular dynamics simulations. We first show that the degree of amorphization is suppressed by the increasing temperature, contrary to our initial expectations. Then, we further revealed that the observed silicon amorphization behaviors are attributed to two independent processes: One is a thermoactivated and shear-driven amorphization process where the theoretical amorphization rate shows an interesting valley-like temperature dependence because of the competition between the increased thermal activation effect and the reduction of shear stress, and another one is a thermoactivated recrystallization process which shows a monotonically increasing trend with temperature. Thus, the observed reduction of amorphization with temperature is mainly due to the recrystallization effect. Additionally, analytical models are proposed in this work to describe both the amorphization and the recrystallization processes. Overall, the present findings provide deep insights into the temperature-dependent amorphization and recrystallization processes of silicon, benefiting the further development of silicon-based devices and technologies.

Turbulent boundary layer over porous media with wall-normal permeability

Porous walls are a widely used passive flow control technique, which shows potential in reducing skin friction and mitigating flow-introduced noise. In the present study, porous media with wall-normal permeability is applied to a flat plate to investigate its interaction with the turbulent boundary layer at the Reynolds number based on friction velocity of Reτ=225. Time-resolved planar and tomographic particle image velocimetry were employed to identify the impact on mean statistics and coherent structures. An overall skin friction reduction of 22% is achieved. The porous wall induces counter-rotating streamwise vortex pairs at the spanwise sides of each pore, leading to momentum transport and the generation of alternative low- and high-speed regions close to the wall. Slip velocity is obtained, associated with the reduction in turbulent fluctuations and Reynolds shear stress. The streamwise velocity streaks and the hairpin vortices are significantly distorted compared with the smooth wall condition due to the downwash and upwash motion, featuring a notable reduction in the number and scale of the coherent structures, in which the skin friction reduction mechanism is related to. The proper orthogonal decomposition analysis returns the most energetic unsteady modes. Although the wall-coherent mode type remains to dominate the production of turbulent fluctuations, the scale and energy content of wall-incoherent modes increase, confirming the modification of the distribution and scale of near-wall turbulent structures.

Shear Behaviour of RC Beams: A Numerical Study

A two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear finite element (FE) model created for reinforced concrete (RC) beams is presented in this paper. The FE model was verified in order to perform further parametric studies on RC beams with and without existing steel shear links. The parameters were tension reinforcement ratio, concrete compression strength, and beam size. Moreover, the accuracy of “Turkish Standards 500: Requirements for design and construction of reinforced concrete structures (TS500)” in terms of predicting the total shear force capacity of RC beams was examined. The FE model properly captured the experimental load capacity, with a mean value of 1.04. The increase in overall shear force capacity caused by the increasing tension reinforcement ratio from 1.79 to 3.33% was 18.3% for RC beams with existing steel shear links, whereas it was 10.6% for RC beams without existing steel shear links. The total shear force capacities of RC beams with and without steel shear links increased once concrete compression was increased from 30 to 70 MPa. An increasing beam size resulted in a reduction in shear stress at failure of 33.8% and 32.7% for RC beams with and without shear links, respectively. TS500 design code gave conservative results in calculating the overall shear force capacity of RC beams.

The variation characteristics of dynamic shear stress reduction coefficient rd in loess tunnel stratum

In the simplified procedure of Seed for liquefying evaluation of free fields, the coefficient rd is the essential parameter, but presently the liquefaction assessment of loess tunnels are not available using this method. In this study, the variation characteristics of rd, which is suitable for the liquefying assessment of loess tunnels, are studied by 3D numerical simulation and analysis. The results reveal: the soils nearby underground structure have higher liquefaction potential than soils far it; the rd increases rapidly as nearing the tunnel excavation contour for distances smaller than the tunnel excavation span B; the formula of rd reveals the tunnels with shallower buried depth are more prone to liquefying than tunnels with larger burial depth h, and it can be used to estimate the liquefaction of loess tunnel; the pore pressure ratio Ru has the similar rule with the coefficient rd.

Assessing the potential of Chios natural mastic for the production of sustainable epoxy composite adhesives

AbstractThe self‐curable epoxidized polymeric fraction of the natural gum “Chios mastic” (Pistacia lentiscus L.) gum is used as a matrix to produce sustainable particulate composite adhesives and further to manufacture lap joints. Olive pit powder and cotton flocks are used as reinforcements, each for a range of contents. Mixed‐modulus‐joint and Nanotube‐coated‐adherend special manufacturing techniques are also applied to further improve shear properties, reduce shear stress concentrations, or increase the adhesive and the adherend cohesion. 2% (w/w) Aluminum and 2% (w/w) olive pit reinforcements achieve an increase in shear strength of 14.19% and 12.26%, respectively, while cotton flocks‐ initially of lower performance as well as pieces of cotton fabric, are used to make joints according to the Nanotube‐coated‐adherend technique achieving an increase in shear strength of 102.1% and 84.91%, respectively. The obtained experimental results demonstrate the potential of the epoxidized polymer fraction of Chios natural mastic to produce useful sustainable particulate epoxy composite adhesives and double‐sided adhesive tapes.

Heat transfer analysis of buoyancy opposing radiated flow of alumina nanoparticles scattered in water-based fluid past a vertical cylinder

Cooling and heating are two critical processes in the transportation and manufacturing industries. Fluid solutions containing metal nanoparticles have higher thermal conductivity than conventional fluids, allowing for more effective cooling. Thus, the current paper is a comparative exploration of the time-independent buoyancy opposing and heat transfer flow of alumina nanoparticles scattered in water as a regular fluid induced via a vertical cylinder with mutual effect of stagnation-point and radiation. Based on some reasonable assumptions, the model of nonlinear equations is developed and then tackled numerically employing the built-in bvp4c MATLAB solver. The impacts of assorted control parameters on gradients are investigated. The outcomes divulge that the aspect of friction factor and heat transport upsurge by incorporating alumina nanoparticles. The involvement of the radiation parameter shows an increasing tendency in the heat transfer rate, resulting in an enhancement in thermal flow efficacy. In addition, the temperature distribution uplifts due to radiation and curvature parameters. It is discerned that the branch of dual outcomes exists in the opposing flow case. Moreover, for higher values of the nanoparticle volume fraction, the reduced shear stress and the reduced heat transfer rate increased respectively by almost 1.30% and 0.0031% for the solution of the first branch, while nearly 1.24%, and 3.13% for the lower branch solution.

Analysis of Sealing Characteristics of Lip Seal Rings for Deep-Sea Separable Pressure Vessels

Deep-sea pressure vessels are specialized pressure vessels designed for automatic deployment from underwater to the surface. These vessels find extensive applications in underwater life-saving and transportation. Their interiors are furnished with a pair of sealing rings, one of which is lip-shaped, and the other is a convex shape, to ensure a dependable seal. With increasing water depth, the sealing rings experience augmented pressure, resulting in a gradual pressing of the rings into the sealing groove. Using ANSYS workbench finite element software, a two-dimensional axisymmetric lip seal finite element model using forces for overall constraint was established, the complete process of progressive pressing into the sealing groove was simulated, and the deformation, contact stress, maximum shear stress, and von Mises stress distribution was also simulated. We also conducted a comparative analysis of lip seals under low and high-water pressure sealing conditions. The findings of the study indicate that when subjected to a combined effect of the installation pre-tightening force and the working water pressure, the lip seal experiences complete compression into the sealing groove at a specific water depth. When subjected to the simultaneous influence of water pressure on the sealing ring material and friction force on the contact surface, two extremes of contact stress manifest in the primary sealing zone of the lip seal. These extremes have the capacity to elevate the contact stress and the effective sealing width, ultimately leading to an improvement in the sealing performance. Concurrently, as the water pressure gradually increases, the inner concave circle of the sealing ring experiences stretching, leading to a reduction in stress concentration, equivalent stress, and shear stress to a considerable extent. This mechanism ensures that the lip-shaped sealing ring retains sufficient strength. This study offers a viable solution for conducting sealing studies on deep-sea separable pressure vessels.