Carbon Footprint Reduction Research Articles

Characteristics of Carbon Emissions of a Hospital in Beijing and the Measures to Cut Carbon Emissions Under Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Goals

Healthcare-related carbon emissions are an important contributor to global warming, and "Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality" is a major strategy being implemented in China. In this context, strengthening energy conservation and reducing carbon footprint of hospitals is crucial to help achieve the Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality goals is a problem that hospital managers must consider and address. In this study, a general hospital in Beijing was taken as a case study, and its carbon emissions were calculated from 2019 to 2023 to analyze emission characteristics, identify key factors affecting carbon emissions through multiple linear regression models, evaluate the carbon reduction effects of energy-saving and low-carbon projects or measures implemented by the hospital, and propose measures to be adopted in the future.

Comparative Analysis of the Carbon Footprint Value Resulting from the Selected Mode of Transport, Based on the Example of Transporting Neodymium Magnets

The article presents a sensitivity analysis of the carbon footprint for different modes of transporting neodymium magnets over a selected route, in the context of their environmental impact and sustainable development. Neodymium magnets, widely used in modern technologies such as wind turbines, are essential for renewable energy sources, making the selection of environmentally optimal transportation crucial. The calculations included road, rail, inland waterway, and air transport, using available emission calculators, which allowed for an analysis using averaged emission indicators for each mode of transport. Additionally, a comparative analysis was conducted with the SimaPro program to verify the consistency and accuracy of the results. The findings indicated that rail transport, with access to low-emission infrastructure and a reduced carbon footprint per unit of mass, is the most efficient option for CO2 emissions reduction, whereas air transport, despite its speed, generates the highest emissions per ton of cargo, making it the least environmentally friendly alternative. A t-test analysis was also conducted to statistically validate the results for each transportation option.

Photovoltaic Cells and Scintillators Towards Carbon Footprint Reduction: Advantages and Challenges for Ecological Safety

The main goal of this review paper is to show the advantages and challenges of photovoltaic cells/modules/panels and scintillators towards carbon footprint reduction for ecological safety. Briefly, the various types of solar-driven CO2 conversion processes are shown as a new concept of CO2 reduction. The health toxicity and environmental effects of scintillators, along with risks associated with use and disposal, are presented, taking into consideration inorganic and organic materials. Factors affecting the durability and lifespan of scintillators and the carbon footprint of solar cell production are analysed, considering CO2 emission. Moreover, the technology of recycling photovoltaic modules and scintillators, along with a SWOT analysis of scintillation material toxicity, is presented to find the best solutions for clean technology and ecological safety. Finally, we offer recommendations for the areas where the most significant reductions in CO2 emissions are expected to be implemented in the future of green energy in industry, including ESG strategies.

Expediting decarbonization in energy, waste, and water sector through digitalization in sustainable smart cities (SSC): Case-studies in Malaysia and China based on Industry 5.0 paradigm

This work explores the application of Industry 5.0 principles in smart cities development in Malaysia and China, focusing on digital transformation for sustainable urban development. The study presents case-studies from both the countries, highlighting the implementation strategies, challenges, and outcomes associated with integrating advanced technologies to enhance efficiency, climate resilience, and sustainability. This study aims to develop a data-driven methodology to address the absence of region-specific frameworks for sustainable smart cities (SSCs) and to evaluate their impacts. In Malaysia, the implementation of smart energy management systems that utilize IoT and AI has shown promise in reducing carbon footprints and maximizing resource efficiency. China's focus on smart water management using sensor networks and real-time data analytics provides insights into effective water conservation. Smart waste management systems have increased recycling rates by 20-30%. Progress is crucial for the region's pursuit of SSCs to reach a global investment of USD 2.5 trillion by 2025. This work concludes by discussing the implications of this work in both countries to achieve sustainable urbanization through Industry 5.0 technologies. This work offers recommendations for policymakers, urban planners, and technologists to navigate the complexities of smart city development, while providing a roadmap to leverage digital transformation to achieve decarbonization goals in energy, waste and water sector by 2060.

A study on optical diagnostics and numerical simulation of dual fuel combustion using ammonia and n-heptane

As a zero-carbon fuel, ammonia is considered an ideal alternative for reducing carbon footprints. However, the use of pure ammonia is limited by its poor fuel properties, which can be mitigated by employing a dual fuel approach using high reactivity fuel and ammonia. Nonetheless, the evolution mechanisms of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and unburned ammonia (NH3) remain unclear. In this study, n-heptane was selected as the high-reactivity fuel. The characteristics of the dual fuel approach and the evolution mechanisms of NOx and unburned NH3 were investigated using optical diagnostics and numerical simulations, respectively. The results indicate that the combustion characteristics can be improved by adjusting the direct injection strategy. Unconsumed NH3 remains in the low-temperature regions of the late period of combustion, resulting in unburned NH3 emissions. The consumption of unburned NH3 is governed by the reaction NH3 + OH <=> H2O + NH2. The distribution of N2O is primarily concentrated in low-temperature regions. The generation of N2O is controlled by the reaction NH + NO <=> H + N2O. The improvement of the in-cylinder temperature can suppress the generation of N2O and promote the consumption of NH3, resulting in reduced emissions of both N2O and unburned NH3.

Optimization and Thermodynamic Analysis of CO2 Refrigeration Cycle for Energy Efficiency and Environmental Control

Supermarket applications are significant contributors to greenhouse gas emissions, necessitating efforts to reduce carbon footprints in the food retail sector. Carbon dioxide (R744) is recognized as a viable long-term refrigerant choice due to its favorable properties, including low Global Warming Potential, non-toxicity, non-flammability, affordability, and widespread availability. However, enhancing the energy efficiency of pure CO2 systems in basic architecture units, particularly in warm regions like India, remains a challenge. To address this, modern refrigeration systems must prioritize low energy consumption and high coefficient of performance (COP) while meeting environmental standards. This study investigates different operating conditions to determine the optimal parameter range for maximizing COP and improving the efficiency of conventional CO2 refrigeration configurations. It examines both subcritical and transcritical refrigeration cycles under varying parameters, emphasizing the importance of understanding COP’s relationship with factors such as subcooling, superheating, ambient temperature, and evaporator temperature. The study advises against superheating in CO2 systems but highlights the substantial COP increase with higher degrees of subcooling, leading to enhanced system performance. Additionally, it provides a comprehensive theoretical comparison between advanced pure CO2 supermarket applications and commonly used hydrofluorocarbons-based systems, offering insights into energy efficiency and environmental impacts for informed decision-making in the industry.

Technogenically Disturbed Lands of Coal Mines: Restoration Methods

The issues of human impact on the environment are evident and pose a threat to the health and well-being of future generations. Technogenic disturbances in coal mining sites, such as open pits, excavations, and industrial waste, pose risks to both human health and the environment. Open-pit coal mines not only frequently cause the destruction of natural ecosystems, including landscapes, vegetation, and biodiversity, but they also significantly contribute to greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. Addressing the carbon footprint necessitates not only the use of renewable energy but also the restoration of disturbed landscapes and vegetation, including trees and shrubs. All of this is achieved by implementing biological remediation within technogenically disturbed territories. This process fosters a return of biological balance and establishes favorable conditions for plant and animal life, while at the same time reducing carbon footprint indicators. The biological remediation of areas affected by the mining activities of coal mines can create new economic opportunities. The reclaimed land can be utilized for various purposes such as agriculture, forestry, park development, and tourism, thereby contributing to local economic growth and job creation. When planning measures for land bioremediation, it is essential to analyze all quality indicators of the land. In this case, the selection of technologies such as plants, fertilizers, and microorganisms can effectively restore territories.

Climate Risks and Economic Consequences of Rising Global CO2 Emissions in Aviation, Shipping, and Heavy-Duty Transport

This study examines methods to lessen the environmental consequences of global CO2 emissions from the hard-to-abate transport sector. The paper analyzed historical and projected trends in global CO2 emissions from the hard-to-abate transport industry under two scenarios: the stated policy scenario (STEPS) and the announced pledged scenario (APS). The study covered the historical period from 2010 to 2022 and projected emissions up to 2050. The analysis revealed that the compound annual growth rate (CAAGR) of STEP exceeded that of APS in 2030 and 2050 for challenging emissions from heavy- duty vehicles, aircraft, and shipping when compared to the baseline year of 2022. The aviation industry has a higher CAAGR of 5.3% and 2.5% for 2030 and 2050, respectively, compared to heavy-duty vehicles at 1.6% and 0.9% for 2030 and 2050, respectively, and shipping at 0.7% and 0.9% for 2030 and 2050, respectively, under STEPS. Under the APS scenario, shipping showed a negative CAAGR of -0.8% and -2.8% for 2030 and 2050, respectively, and 0.4% and -1.8% for 2030 and 2050, respectively, for heavy-duty trucks. In comparison, the aviation industry had CAAGRs of 4.5% and 0.8% for 2030 and 2050, respectively. The data shows that the aviation industry is expected to see a far greater CAAGR in emissions than heavy-duty vehicles and shipping in both STEPS and APS scenarios. Targeted efforts are necessary to mitigate the environmental effects of air travel in the upcoming decades. The paper also examined 56 publicly traded international transportation companies and their corresponding carbon emission targets. Only seven companies, or 12.5%, have established goals for reducing emissions from 2023 to 2050; 10 companies, accounting for 17.9%, have committed to achieving carbon neutrality by 2040 to 2060; five corporations, representing 8.9%, have set targets for reducing emission intensity from 2025 to 2034; and 34 global corporations, making up 60.7%, have committed to achieving net zero emissions between 2040 and 2050. Despite some progress in setting emission reduction targets in the air travel industry, many companies still need to set carbon footprint reduction goals.

Artificial Intelligence as a tool for enhancing Building Information Modeling (BIM)

Building Information Modeling (BIM) has revolutionized the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry, transforming how building lifecycle data is managed and visualized. By consolidating physical and functional characteristics into a shared digital model, BIM facilitates collaboration, minimizes rework, and streamlines planning and execution. In sustainability, BIM supports "Green BIM" practices that reduce carbon footprints by enabling energy modeling and lifecycle analysis. However, despite these advances, BIM faces interoperability issues, largely due to proprietary software formats, leading to isolated data silos that impede efficient data exchange across platforms. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into BIM introduces groundbreaking solutions to these challenges. AI enhances BIM through automation of design validation, clash detection, and real-time data analysis, transforming BIM into an adaptive system capable of proactive decision-making. AI applications, including predictive maintenance, generative design, and real-time construction monitoring, promise higher safety standards, reduced errors, and improved lifecycle management. However, AI-enhanced BIM adoption is hampered by technical, ethical, and financial challenges, such as data quality, privacy concerns, and high implementation costs. Addressing these obstacles with standardized data protocols, workforce upskilling, and collaborative frameworks can maximize the potential of AI-driven BIM, advancing sustainability, efficiency, and resilience within the construction industry.

Evaluating the Financial Returns on Investment in Sustainable Enterprise Digitalization Initiatives Using AI Information System

With a focus on sustainability and IT changes, the companies even find an AI based system information system implementation in operations. This study analyzes the financial yield of return on investment (ROI) in the digitalization of leading edge enterprises, as well as finds out how AI information systems could achieve prosperity in both the economic and ecological spheres. The research utilizes a mixed-method methodology, combining the quantitative analysis of business finances from companies that have implemented intelligent environmental activities with qualitative case studies. Credit factors like ROI, NPV (net present value) and IRR (internal rate of return) together with environmental performance parameters are evaluated. Furthermore, by conducting surveys and interviews with trusted experts in the industry, the quantitative data is richer within it giving strategic and operational implications of the current initiatives. A study has been found that companies using AI for sustainability purposes are capable of returning very large financial results, much greater than the ones achieved by other digitalization initiatives. The study demonstrates that AI data systems boost efficiency, cut costs, and enhance market competitiveness. It highlights ecological benefits like reduced carbon footprints, efficient resource use, higher profits, and regulatory compliance. It guides stakeholders on AI investment for future ROI, advocating more AI technology funding. The research calls for an integrative approach that includes financial and sustainability measures to capture value. Incorporating AI in sustainable and eco-based digitalization is crucial for optimal financial and environmental outcomes. The organizations strategically utilizing the loop technology are also believed to have an advantage over others with regards to the current market landscape and will be able to make a balance between profitability and sustainable goals.

Reducing Carbon Footprint in Cooking: A Study on Energy Efficiency and Environmental Impact

The study investigates the potential reduction in carbon emissions during cooking by using air-based insulators and automated flame reduction systems. The primary focus is on minimizing heat losses to the environment and boiling inefficiencies. The study includes simulations data to quantify energy savings and equivalent carbon footprint reduction, both at the household and community levels. The findings support the development of a prototype device aimed at improving cooking efficiency. Design requirements, potential risks, failure modes, and practical implications are discussed. The paper provides a comprehensive analysis, supported by simulations, explanatory drawings, and graphs.

Aerogarden: An aeroponics innovation project linking artificial intelligence and sustainability

Every year, 10.8 to 19.1 billion tonnes of CO2 are emitted through food exports, which accounts for roughly 21% - 37% of the world’s global total emissions. In the urge to expand businesses and ensure availability of all crops throughout the year, the quality of air is being compromised. The demand for crops rises in tandem with population growth and improvements in human well-being. In addition, most of these exported crops lose their nutritional value due to the unhealthy exposure of preservatives and other farming chemicals. There are multiple factors involved in crop production: land, labour, transportation, storage etc. Aeroponics is a relatively new farming system that eradicates numerous problems by using less land and water and requiring minimal labour and nutrients. The aim of this project is to convert the aeroponic farming unit into a 100% carbon-neutral, self-reliant unit called Aerogarden by integrating modern technology like Artificial Intelligence (AI). Every household having an Aerogarden unit can access fresh organic vegetables and microgreens that actually retain their nutritional value. By achieving this goal, non-agricultural nations' dependence on food imports will lessen, which will ultimately result in a reduction in the sector's carbon footprint. By giving people a way to directly support the international movement, the project also aims to support the UN's initiative to achieve the 17 Sustainable Development Goals.

The Use of Plastic Waste as Replacement of Coarse Aggregate in Concrete Industry

Recycling solid waste is one of the most important ways to reduce carbon footprints and put sustainability into practice. This research aims to bridge the gap between the results of previous studies and the effectiveness and sustainability benefits of using plastic waste (PW) in concrete mixes by partially replacing coarse aggregate with PW. Furthermore, we examine the suitability of the concrete produced for use as a construction material. The research methodology is based on studying the physical and mechanical behavior of concrete produced by partially replacing coarse aggregate with 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 12.5% PW. For the conventional concrete–CC mix of 0% PW, the design strength, fcu, was 35 MP, with a slump of 100 mm, using a water–cement ratio of 0.5, a M.A.S of coarse aggregate of 20 mm, and a sand F.M. of 2.2. According to British standards, BS, slump and density tests were carried out for concrete samples produced in their fresh state and strength tests, ultrasonic testing, etc. for concrete samples after hardening. The results indicated that there is no significant difference between the dry density and bulk density of concrete produced at all its age stages, regardless of the percentage of PW that replaces the aggregate. It also indicated that the compressive strength, the flexural strength, and the splitting tensile strength of the produced concrete decrease steadily and significantly when aggregates are replaced by PW by more than 2.5%. It was found that the decrease in compressive strength does not exceed 1% for concrete with 2.5% PW compared to the strength of CC, while the compressive strength of concrete with 5% PW decreases by 24%. The maximum reduction rate of the flexural strength and splitting tensile strength was 40% and 32%, respectively, for concrete at 12.5% PW compared to the strength of CC. Therefore, PW concrete can retain its strength when used in small quantities of up to 2.5% and can be applied in structural works.

Wings of progress: The economic and social impacts of low-cost carriers in the Philippines

Low-cost carriers (LCCs) have become a significant force in the Philippine aviation industry, providing affordable air travel and contributing to regional economic and social development. However, the full extent of their economic, social, environmental, and infrastructural impacts has not been comprehensively studied. This study aims to evaluate the economic and social implications of LCCs in the Philippines, focusing on tourism growth, job creation, business development, and the accessibility and mobility of the population. The study also explores environmental challenges and infrastructural strains caused by the expansion of LCC operations. A mixed-methods approach was employed, incorporating quantitative data analysis of tourism statistics, employment rates, business growth, and regional economic output. Qualitative data were collected through interviews and surveys with stakeholders, including passengers, local businesses, government officials, and environmental agencies. Statistical tools such as regression analysis and chi-square tests were used to determine significance levels in the findings. The results demonstrate that LCCs have contributed significantly to regional economic growth, with a 25% increase in tourist arrivals and a 30% rise in tourism revenue. Social impacts include enhanced travel accessibility, increased cultural exchange, and improved quality of life. However, environmental challenges, such as a 15% increase in carbon emissions, highlight the need for sustainable practices. The study recommends further investment in airport infrastructure, implementation of sustainable aviation practices, and ongoing government support for regional tourism. Future studies should focus on long-term environmental impacts and strategies for reducing carbon footprints.

A comprehensive study of optimizing renewable energy-water-heat integration for isolated islands in Persian Gulf

This study evaluates the technical and economic feasibility of implementing a hybrid renewable energy system (HES) with a reverse osmosis desalination unit to address critical energy and water shortages in the remote islands of Failaka, Larak, and Lavan in the Persian Gulf. The purpose is to provide a sustainable solution for producing fresh water, heat, and electricity in these isolated locations. The analysis identified the optimal system configuration for Failaka Island, achieving the lowest Net Present Cost (NPC) of $1.09 million, a Cost of Energy (COE) of $0.091/kWh, and a Loss of Power Supply Probability (LPSP) of 0.064. This configuration also reached the highest renewable energy fraction at 17.8 %. Additionally, Failaka Island's system produced 20,728 kWh/year of excess electricity, the highest among the islands, and maintained the lowest operating costs at $52,360/year. Environmental analysis showed a significant reduction in carbon footprint, with Failaka using 21.6 % less diesel and 1.4 % less natural gas than Larak Island, and 22.2 % less diesel and 2.1 % less natural gas than Lavan Island. Furthermore, implementing heat recovery reduced CO2 emissions by up to 15.2 % on Lavan Island, enhancing the system's overall sustainability and cost-effectiveness.

Innovative solutions for coastal wetlands pollution: Application of Spartina alterniflora Loisel. - biochar for cadmium removal and carbon sequestration

Coastal wetland ecosystems are extremely fragile, with heavy metal contamination and uncontrolled growth of invasive plants (e.g. Spartina alterniflora Loisel.) could result in threaten the ecological security and resource wastage. In this study, Spartina alterniflora-biochars at two different temperatures (400 and 600 °C), as well as phosphorus-modified biochars (400BC, 600BC, 400PBC, and 600PBC) were produced, and evaluated for their removal capacity in cadmium (Cd)-contaminated sediments. The maximum sorption capacity, as determined by the Langmuir equation, was in the order of 600BC (838.81 mg/g) > 400BC (707.25 mg/g) > 600PBC (581.69 mg/g) > 400PBC (455.82 mg/g) for Cd, with adsorption occurred through single-layer chemical processes. In the Cd removal tests, increasing incubation times led to a significant reduction in bioavailable Cd (from 84.74 mg/kg at 1 h to 34.79 mg/kg at 7 day). There were significantly negative correlation (p < 0.01) and highly linear regression correlation (R2 > 0.81) between bioavailable Cd and three enzymes’ activities (urease, sucrase, and acid phosphatase). Moreover, 63.52%–98.75% of the desorbed Cd can be reabsorbed and fixed in the presence of biochar after 56 d, which effectively reducing the potential for secondary release of heavy metals into the environment. Notably, a comprehensive evaluation through cost-benefit analysis (CBA) and life cycle assessment (LCA) revealed that the biochar system can generate an overall profit of $302.8/tonne and result in a net reduction of CO2 emissions by 1455.479 kg/tonne. The application of biochar could reduce carbon footprints and promote carbon neutrality, and be an effective in-situ remediation strategy for Cd-contaminated coastal wetland.

Controlled Release of Madecassoside and Asiaticoside of Centella asiatica L. Origin from Sustainable Cold-Processed Topical Formulations

Centella asiatica L. extract is a promising natural agent for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. It significantly reduces inflammation due to its immunomodulatory properties, mainly attributed to the presence of pentacyclic triterpenes, namely madecassoside and asiaticoside. Their incorporation into sustainable cold-processed topical formulations, such as emollient-rich emulsions and cosmetic gel containing natural hydrophilic polymers, should inhibit inflammation in atopic skin. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the controlled release of madecassoside and asiaticoside isolated from Centella asiatica L., loaded into topical formulations, namely emollient-rich O/W and W/O emulsions and cosmetic gel, which could support the treatment of atopic dermatitis. The carriers of active substances have been prepared with sustainable emulsifiers, active substances, and emollients obtained by green technologies from food industry wastes. Low-energy methods during the carrier emulsification process were applied to reduce carbon footprints and preserve the valuable properties of the raw materials used. The influence of the Centella asiatica L. extract on the physicochemical properties of the formulations was studied, showing a satisfactory degree of stability of the formulations obtained. Moreover, factors that may influence the mechanism and kinetics of the release of madecassoside and asiaticoside, such as the concentration of the active substance, the pH of the dissolution medium, and the type of the carrier, have been tested and widely discussed.

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 13 Climate Action and Efforts of UK Banks Toward a Low Carbon Economy?

Banks are increasingly motivated to align their business operations with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as this can help them attract investors and build a more loyal customer base in the long run. This paper explores whether major UK banks (HSBC Holdings Plc, Lloyds Banking Group Plc, Barclays Plc, Standard Chartered Plc, and NatWest Group Plc) are increasing their involvement in green banking by transitioning away from fossil fuels. The research gathered expert and policymaker views on decarbonization (reducing carbon footprint) at the Scotland Policy Conference UK in 2022 to support its findings. The results reveal slow progress toward a green banking regime, as the banks continued underwriting fossil fuel IPOs and bond issuances, and funding carbon-intensive industries. Their portfolios primarily consist of fossil fuel projects, with implications for insufficient effort toward meeting UN SDGs related to global climate commitments. The study proposes a policy recommendation: governments should introduce regulations requiring banks to develop a minimum percentage of financial products and services designed to support SDG-related activities, fostering a low-carbon economy.

Challenges and strategies in estimating soil organic carbon for multi-cropping systems: a review

Multi-cropping systems play a crucial role in global agricultural production. Accurately estimating the soil carbon sequestration capacity of multi-cropping systems is of significant importance for enhancing agricultural productivity, mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, and reducing carbon footprint. However, soil carbon cycling is more complex in multi-cropping systems compared with single-cropping systems, and existing assessment methods cannot accurately estimate soil carbon sequestration in multi-cropping systems with high operability. Here, we reviewed the accuracy and efficiency of the three primary global soil carbon assessment methods, including statistical models, process-based models, and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) steady-state method. Our study concludes that it is difficult to simulate the dynamic evolution of soil organic carbon (SOC) using the statistical models, while the well simulation through process-based models demands a large amount of data. Additionally, the IPCC Tier 2 method cannot be directly applied to estimate SOC in multi-cropping systems due to mismatches in parameters and time steps. We suggest modifying the structures and parameters of the IPCC Tier 2 method by revising the inventory unit and redetermining the parameter values, which should efficiently address its bottleneck in estimating SOC for multi-cropping systems. Moreover, long-term experimental observations and multi-model ensemble simulations are beneficial for determining the parameter values to address the data deficiencies in IPCC Tier 2. This study aims to explore pathways for improving the accuracy of SOC estimation in multi-cropping systems and, thus, carbon footprint calculation worldwide.

Integrating Traditional Knowledge and Modern Technologies for Renewable Energy Adoption in Sub-Saharan Africa: Advancing Climate Resilience and Carbon Reduction Strategies

This paper explores the potential of reducing carbon footprints and greenhouse gas emissions in climate-sensitive regions of Sub-Saharan Africa by integrating traditional knowledge with modern renewable energy technologies. Drawing on a mixed-methods approach that combines quantitative energy data and qualitative insights from expert interviews and policy reviews, the study analyzes the implementation of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydro. Data from global organizations, including the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the World Bank, supports the investigation. The findings highlight renewable energy's transformative potential for emissions reduction, energy security, and economic growth, with solar energy demonstrating exceptional promise for rural electrification. Despite its benefits, adoption is hindered by financial constraints, inadequate infrastructure, and regulatory challenges. The study underscores the need for climate resilience strategies such as energy storage integration and grid upgrades to support reliable access to renewable energy. By linking renewable energy with sustainability and resilience theories, the research emphasizes the role of adaptive infrastructure in fostering economic development and environmental health. Key recommendations include improving financing mechanisms, enacting supportive policy frameworks, strengthening regional partnerships, and prioritizing energy storage and grid modernization. This study provides actionable insights for policymakers, energy stakeholders, and development organizations, emphasizing that overcoming barriers to renewable energy adoption is critical for achieving sustainable energy access, reducing emissions, and aligning with global climate goals.