Reduce Blood Sugar Levels Research Articles

Momordica charantia nanoparticles potentiate insulin release and modulate antioxidant gene expression in pancreas of diabetic rats

BackgroundGreen synthesis of nanoparticles with medicinal plants has inherent potential in the management of diabetes mellitus. This study synthesized Momordica charantia nanoparticles using silver nitrate to investigate the antidiabetic properties of this extract and the synthesized nanoparticles in vivo.ResultsThe M. charantia nanoparticles used were synthesized biologically under ambient conditions from methanolic leaf extract of M. charantia using 1 mM concentration of aqueous silver nitrate and characterized using spectroscopic methods, FTIR and scanning electron microscopy. In vivo, the antidiabetic activity of M. charantia nanoparticle was assessed in streptozotocin-induced (65 mg/kg) rats. Rats were treated with M. charantia nanoparticle (50 mg/kg), aqueous leaf extract (100 mg/kg) metformin (100 mg/kg) and silver nitrate nanoparticle (10 mg/kg) for 21 days. Following treatment, rats were killed for biochemical analysis. Also, reverse transcript-polymerase chain reaction analyses of Takeda-G-protein-receptor-5, glucagon-like peptide-1, Insulin, superoxide dismutase, catalase and Nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) - were carried out in the pancreas. A significant reduction in blood sugar levels was noted in rats treated with M. charantia nanoparticles. A reduction (p < 0.05) of pancreas alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase was observed when compared with diabetic untreated rats. M. charantia nanoparticles significantly increase the antioxidant enzymes in diabetic rats when compared with diabetic untreated rats. The decrease in the level of triglyceride, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein was observed when compared with diabetic control rats and also a significant increase in the expression of Takeda-G-protein-receptor-5, glucagon-like peptide-1, insulin, superoxide dismutase, catalase and NFE2-related factor 2 genes was observed when compared with diabetic untreated rats.ConclusionsMomordica charantia nanoparticles exhibited potential antidiabetic activity in the rat model of diabetes and thus may serve as a therapeutic agent that could be developed for medical applications in the future.

Study of Water- and Organic-Soluble Extracts from Trichosanthes on Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

This study investigates the effects of the water-soluble and organic-soluble Trichosanthes extracts on the hyperglycemic condition in streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats. The blood glucose levels, body weights, water intake, and urine volumes of rats in different experimental groups were monitored throughout the experiment, and the results obtained indicate that the two extracts can effectively reduce blood sugar levels, increase body weights, and improve water intake and urine volumes in diabetic rats. Based on blood biochemical analyses, the two extracts play an important role in regulating the diabetes-induced lipid metabolism disorder, increasing the levels of insulin and C-peptide, and alleviating the symptoms of diabetes. The variation in the liver glycogen contents of the water-soluble fraction and ethanol fraction groups suggests that the mechanisms underlying the hypoglycemic effects of the two extracts are different. Indeed, the water-soluble fraction alleviates diabetes symptoms in rats mainly by antioxidative activity, unlike the ethanol fraction.

Spiritual Spiritual Therapy (Dhikr) can Decrease Blood Sugar Levels in Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU): A Study Literature

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder of the distribution of glucose that cannot produce and utilize the hormone insulin optimally so that it can cause an increase in blood glucose levels that exceed normal limits. Dhikr therapy can provide a relaxing effect and calm the soul which can affect the production of the hormone cortisol so that it can reduce blood glucose levels. The purpose of the study was to determine spiritual dhikr therapy to reduce blood sugar levels in diabetes mellitus patients in the Intensive Care Unit Room. This research is a literature review research by analyzing and comparing several articles through searches on journal sites such as Google Scholar and PubMed using the keywords Spiritual therapy of dhikr, blood sugar, diabetes mellitus and in 2016-2021. The result of this literature review is that spiritual remembrance therapy is efficient to reduce blood sugar levels in diabetes mellitus patients who are treated in the Intensive Care Unit. The conclusion of this study is that Spiritual dhikr therapy is a form of intervention that can be carried out by families or nurses as stimulation to patients who can help reduce blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes mellitus. Based on the results, it can be found that the spiritual dhikr therapy intervention can effectively reduce blood sugar levels in patients and it is recommended for type 2 DM patients to use spiritual therapies such as dhikr to lower blood sugar levels.

Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Physical Exercise on Decrease Blood Sugar Levels in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a major health problem worldwide, the number of sufferers is expected to increase rapidly every year. Handling to achieve controlled sugar levels requires the integration of drugs, diet and physical exercise. This study aimed to analyze the effect of physical exercise on reducing blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Method : This study uses the PRISMA flowchart to perform the meta-analysis. The article review process took place between 2017 and 2022 with PICO as follows, Population: type-2 diabetes mellitus sufferers. Intervention: physical exercise. Comparison: not doing physical exercise. Outcome: decrease in blood sugar levels, articles collected using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The articles obtained will be filtered using the stages according to the PRISMA flow diagram. The analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.3. Results: A total of 9 articles reviewed in the meta-analysis showed that physical exercise reduced blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with statistical significance (SMD= -0.44; 95% CI= -0.84 to -0.05; p= 0.030). Conclusion: Physical exercise lowers blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.. Keywords: physical exercise, diabetes mellitus type 2, decrease in blood sugar levels. Correspondence: Tri Nyantosani Widyawardani. District Health Office of Klaten, Central Java. Jl. Pemuda Nomor 313, Mlinjon, Tonggalan, Central Klaten, Central Java, 5741. Email: nyantosani@gmail.com. Mobile: +62811284836. Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2022), 07(02): 119-131 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2021.07.02.04

Antimicrobial and cytotoxic effect of lemon grass and ginger formulation assisted copper-oxide nanoparticles

Background: Copper nanoparticles are widely used as antioxidant, antimicrobial , anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antihepatotoxic agents. Being more biocompatible, eliminates the risk for toxicity, ginger has been shown to help reduce blood sugar levels and help regulate insulin response in people. Lemongrass tea is more effective and helps to maintain optimum levels of insulin and improve the glucose tolerance in the body and also helps in preventing the growth of some bacteria and yeast. Aim: The aim of the study is to identify the antimicrobial and cytotoxic effect of lemon grass and ginger formulation assisted copper-oxide nanoparticles Method: Anti-microbial assay is done by testing the sample with certain main microorganisms and for the Cytotoxic effect, Lethal test is done using brine shrimps. Results: Copper nanoparticles synthesized using lemon grass and ginger extract can act as a potential cytotoxic agent and antimicrobial activity. However, the antimicrobial activity of the extract varied with the different bacterial samples. The cytotoxicity of nano- materials and nanocomposites tested against brine shrimps showed minimal lethality. Copper nanoparticles are previously reported to show potent antibacterial and to show cytotoxic activities in-vivo/in-vitro and our results are in accordance with their results. Conclusion: For the first time it is concluded that lemon-grass and ginger mediated Copper nanoparticles are potent therapeutic agents to be used in biomedical applications both in-vivo/in-vitro. Biologically synthesized copper-oxide nanoparticles show exhibitory diverse therapeutic potential which gains more importance currently.

Self-Management Education to Control Blood Sugar Levels and Hba1c Value for Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Backgroud: Self-care education can be carried out patients with diabetes through the Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) method. The DSME method helps people to perform with type 2 diabetes self-management in managing and treating type 2 diabetes, such as controlling blood sugar levels and HbA1c values. Objective: The purpose of this research is to understand the effect of DSME for reducing blood sugar levels and decreasing HbA1c values ​​in type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: The design of this research is a Pre-Experimental with Pretest-Posttest Group Design with a Pretest-Posttest Group Design, approach which aims to see the use of the DSME method for reducing blood sugar levels and decreasing HbA1c values ​​in type 2 diabetes patients. This research was conducted from July to October 2021. The research location was at the Curup Regional General Hospital, Rejang Lebong Regency. Respondents in this study were 35 patients with type 2 diabetes. The instrument used was the DSME method consisting of 3 instruments, including the theoretical concept of diabetes, care and treatment of diabetes, and complications of diabetes. Results: The results of the study show a significant change in blood sugar levels before and after the DSME. Before being carried out, blood sugar levels were with a Mean±SD of 341.60±157.589; meanwhile, after the intervention, blood sugar levels became 107.97±9.984 with a p:0.001. On the other hand, the HbA1c Value before intervention was Mean±SD 8.4313±2.2610, and after the intervention, the HbA1c value became 6.4553±1.2426 with p=0.001. Conclusion: DSME can be used as an alternative intervention that decreases in blood sugar levels and HbA1c values ​​in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Potential of Natural Honey in Controlling Obesity and its Related Complications.

Honey has a long history of therapeutic properties for multiple diseases, including inflammation and oxidative stress. This review aimed to provide a better understanding and renewed interest in the potential role of honey in obesity control, obesity-related diseases treatment and weight management, with specific reference to its components and the effect of honey overall. There is compelling evidence that honey possesses the desired properties for this purpose, as seen in the in vitro, in silico, in vivo and clinical analyses discussed in this review. This review also highlights the components potentially responsible for the health benefits of honey. Honey and its components reduce blood sugar levels, improve insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism by reducing triglycerides, and reduce total cholesterol and LDL levels while increasing HDL levels that prevent excessive weight gain and reduce the risk of obesity and its complications. Further controlled studies are necessary to validate the role of honey in the management of obesity, both as a preventive and as a therapeutic agent.

Hypoglycemic Effect of Lycopersicon esculentum (Tomato) on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

Diabetes mellitus has been a key degenerative disease affecting the world’s population. Lycopersicon esculentum (Tomato), a fruit consumed by many and known to have certain phytochemicals was used to determine its hypoglycemic effect on alloxan induced diabetic rats. The tomato was dried, pulverized and dissolved in distilled water and administered orally to albino rats in various concentrations according to their body weight. 30 albino rats were divided into 6 groups of 5 rats each. Groups I and II served as normal and diabetic control respectively, while groups III to VI were induced with diabetes and treated with different concentrations of the prepared tomato. After 14 days of treatment with various concentrations of tomato, there was a marked decrease in blood sugar levels at all the study concentrations. The result of the lipid profile a significant increase (p&lt;0.05) in total cholesterol (150.67±7.02 mg/dL), triglyceride (159.33±5.03 mg/dL), LDL-Cholesterol (77.53±1.83 mg/dL) and a decrease in HCL-Cholesterol (51.67±1.00 mg/dL) levels in untreated diabetic rats when compared to the normal control. Upon treatment with 200 mg/kg of tomato, there was a significant decrease (p&lt; 0.05) in the levels of Triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol and an increase in the HDL-cholesterol. These results suggest that tomato may have the ability to reduce blood sugar level and the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Analisis Efektivitas Biaya dan Minimal Biaya Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda Tahun 2019

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder and characterized by hyperglycemia and disorders of the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, proteins. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of Diabetes mellitus patients, the pattern of treatment carried out, and appropriate anti diabetic in terms of cost and effectiveness aspects at Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Regional Hospital Samarinda. The study was conducted retrospectively on medical record records. The results of 115 patients showed that most Diabetes mellitus sufferers were suffered by man with an age range of 56-65 years. The most common use of anti-diabetic in Diabetes mellitus patients is bolus insulin and combination of bolus and basal insulin. Anti-diabetic with minimal cost or the most minimal cost are the cost of using bolus insulin at a cost of Rp 8.865.248,-. The antidiabetics combination of basal and bolus is more effective reducing blood sugar levels while 174,86 mg/dL with an average cost effectiveness ratio (ACER) value of Rp 57.199,22,-.

Effect of 30 Minutes Walking on Decreasing Blood Sugar Levels in Diabetes Mellitus Patients Type 2 in Kwala Mencirim Village

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diabetes Mellitus is a global problem that occurs at this time Diabetes Mellitus sufferers are at risk of experiencing various complications if not properly controlled and can cause death. This study aimed to determine the effect of walking for 30 minutes on reducing blood sugar levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients in Kwala Mencirim Village. This research is a type of quantitative research using a Quasi-experimental research design, with the One Group Pre-post Test Design research design. The research was conducted in Kwala Mencirim Village, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra Province. The time of this research was in May–August 2021. The population of this study were all Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus sufferers in Kwala Mencirim Village, totaling 80. The research sample was 10 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The sampling technique used Purposive Sampling. Data collection was carried out using observation sheets, blood sugar digital devices. Data analysis was performed by paired t-test with Wilcoxon. The results showed an effect of walking 30 minutes on reducing blood sugar levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (p=0.001 &amp;lt;α 0.05) in Kwala Mencirim Village, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra Province. With an average pretest blood sugar level of 220 mg/dl and a post-test of 212 mg/dl. It is recommended for Health Workers to be able to apply 30 minutes of walking therapy to reduce or stabilize Blood Sugar Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients and it is suggested to the public, especially people with Diabetes Mellitus, to more routinely do 30 minutes of walking therapy without drugs.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Keyword: Blood Sugar Levels, Type 2 Diabetes Patients, Walking&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN COOKIES TEPUNG LABU KUNING DAN KEDELAI TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE II

Introduction Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease caused by reduced insulin production from the pancreas and insulin produced is not effective in reducing blood sugar levels. This situation will increase blood glucose levels. Alternative therapy management to control blood glucose by utilizing food ingredients that can help reduce blood sugar levels, one of which is pumpkin flour and soybeans. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving pumpkin flour cookies to a decrease in blood sugar levels in Type 2 DM patients in Palembang Social Health Center. Method is a quasi-experimental research design with a pretest-posttest with control group using a comparison group. The subjects of this study were 76 people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Social Health Center who were willing and fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis uses t-dependent and t-independent tests. Results showed that there was an average difference in the determination of blood sugar levels in the treatment group at 59.89 mg / dl and in the comparison group at 17.89 mg / dl. The t-independent statistical test results obtained p-value &lt;0.05 (0,000), that there was an Effect of Provision of Yellow Pumpkin Flour Cookies and Soybeans on Decreasing Blood Sugar Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Palembang Social Health Center. Conclusion There Is An Effect Of Provision Of Pumpkin Flour Cookies And Soy To Lower Blood Sugar Levels In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Palembang Social Health Center.

PENGARUH REBUSAN DAUN BINAHONG (ANREDERA CARDIFOLIA) TERHADAP KADAR GULA DARAH PADA LANSIA DM TIPE II DI PUSKESMAS KOTA DATAR

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that occurs due to damage to insulin secretion and insulin action which can be measured by looking at blood glucose levels. Binahong leaves contain saponins which have insulin-like activity, can inhibit lipolysis, and increase glucose uptake by adipose cells. This study aims to determine the effect of binahong leaf decoction on blood sugar levels in the elderly with type II diabetes mellitus at Kota Datar Public Health Center. Hamparan Perak Sub distict. This study is a quasi-experimental study with a pre and post test only one group design on 22 elderly people at Kota Datar Public Health Center, Hamparan Perak Sub Distict with binahong leaf decoction and the intervention is carried out for 14 days. The paired-test method is used to analyze the different tests for the effect of binahong leaf decoction on blood sugar levels in the elderly before and after the intervention. The results show that the average blood sugar level of the elderly with type II diabetes before being given binahong leaf decoction iss 182.41 mg / dl with an SD value of 31,304, and the lowest blood sugar level is 89 mg / dl and the highest is 201 mg / dl. The average of blood sugar level in the elderly with type II diabetes mellitus after being given binahong leaf decoction is 151.82 with SD value of 31.304, and the lowest blood sugar level is 89 mg / dl and the highest is 201 mg / dl. There is a significant difference in blood sugar levels in the elderly with type II diabetes mellitus at Kota Datar Public Health Center, Hamparan Perak Sub distict with P value = 0.001 (α &lt;0.05). There is a decrease in blood sugar levels in the elderly with type II diabetes. It is Concluded that giving binahong leaf stew can reduce blood sugar levels in the elderly with type II diabetes mellitus at Kota Datar Community Health Center, Hamparan Perak Sub distict.

Effectiveness of Combination of Tamarind and Saffron as Antidiabetic

&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align="left" valign="top"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;According to the International Diabetes Federation, 537 million people are currently living with diabetes. There are 316 million people with impaired glucose tolerance at high risk, an alarming number expected to reach 783 million people by 2045. Society's tendency to return to nature is a prospective condition for developing research on biodiversity-based plants. Based on the research results, tamarind leaves are rich in flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, and saffron contains the active compounds crocin, crocetin, and precision, which can be candidates for antioxidants that have a significant effect on blood glucose levels. This antidiabetic research includes research live (test animals) by measuring blood glucose levels. The results showed that tamarind leaf extract and saffron were effective as antidiabetics in male mice induced with Streptozotocin. All extract groups tested single doses of EDAJ, ES, and combination doses of EDAJ and ES ((75:25), (50:50) (25:75)) showed the potential to reduce blood sugar levels &amp;gt;50%. The ES group with a single dose of 100:0 showed significant effectiveness in reducing blood sugar levels from the 6th day until the end of the study. These results are then expected to provide information to the public regarding the potency, effective dose, and working mechanism of using tamarind and saffron as antidiabetics so that they can be a solution to improve the quality of life of diabetes patients, control non-communicable diseases and reduce treatment costs&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Keywords: Crocus sativus, Diabetes mellitus, Mus musculus, Saffron, Tamarind leaf&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;

IN VIVO ANTIDIABETIC SCREENING OF KABAU (ARCHIDENDRON BUBALINUM (JACK) I. C NIELSEN) SEEDS

Objective: Study described the screening potential antidiabetic activity of kabau seed extract and fraction.&#x0D; Methods: The powdered crude drugs weighing 1349.32 grams were extracted with a solvent with solvents with escalating polarity by using soxhletation. The solvents used were n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and 96% ethanol. Screening activity using three variations on doses on the three extracts using the glucose test tolerance method, then the alloxan induction and high-fat feed induction testing methods using selected doses, decreasing blood glucose levels using the GOD PAP enzyme and decreasing MDA levels and increased levels of the enzyme SOD. Extracts that have potential antidiabetic activity are fractionated using liquid-solid fractionation; then the fraction is screened for antidiabetic activity using the glucose test tolerance method.&#x0D; Results: Screening for antidiabetic activity on the three extracts using the glucose test tolerance method showed that the ethanol extract at a dose of 250 mg/kg BW. The three extracts were then screened for the next mechanism using the alloxan induction method and high-fat feed induction, the decrease in blood sugar levels by the GOD-PAP method showed a good decrease in the ethanol extract by 202.94±2 mg/dl, the three extracts showed good less significant, in the SOD enzyme method, the ethanol extract gave a good value such as the positive control value. Testing on fraction can decrease in blood sugar; the results showed that the ethanol extract and methanol fraction gave a small AUC 0-150 (32695,3 and 33167,71), where the value was close to the result of the glibenclamide 30238,48.&#x0D; Conclusion: The antidiabetic activity of the extract showed that the ethanol extract was better with the glucose test tolerance method, with alloxan induction animal models and high-fat feed induction. In the methanol fraction derived from 96% ethanol extract, it provides a good reduction in blood sugar levels in the screening method with a glucose test tolerance

Orally Disintegrating Tablet Formulation of Avicennia Fruit Ethanol Extract (Avicennia marina)

The fruit produced from Avicennia tree (in the form of ethanol extract) has the property of reducing blood glucose levels (oral antidiabetic mellitus) with an effective dose of 10 mg / 50 kg human body weight. Most of the elderly with diabetes mellitus in Indonesia are aged 60-74 years (83.3%) who have a decreased ability to swallow drugs. In addition, antidiabetic drugs are expected to be able to produce fast action, so that it can reduce blood sugar levels immediately. Therefore, the Avicennia fruit ethanol extract formulated in the form of Orally Disintegrating Tablet (ODT). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Starch 1500 and Crospovidone as a superdisintegrant in either single or combination use in the Avicennia fruit ethanol extract ODT formulation. The ODT was made by direct compression. There were three formulas that was carried out in this study : FI with 10 mg of Starch 1500, FII with 10 mg of Crospovidone and FIII with a combination of superdisintegrant Starch 1500 and Crospovidone (7 mg and 3 mg). In this study it could be conclued that the best compatible superdisintegrant in ODT for Avicennia fruit ethanol extract was Crospovidone, not combination with Starch 1500.

Preliminary studies of Volten VR4® Kaempferia parviflora herb extracts on blood glucose levels in human type-2 diabetes mellitus and its mineral element analysis

Summary Introduction Volten VR4® capsules containing herb extract of Kaempferia parviflora has been claimed to reduce blood glucose in patients with diabetes. Objectives This preliminary study is conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Volten VR4® on healthy individuals and type-2 diabetes mellitus volunteers. The extracts of 400 mg capsules of Kaempferia parviflora (KP) were used to measure the blood glucose level of 2-hour postprandial. Methods The healthy group consists of 15 young adults aged 20-30 with no history of serious diseases, while the diabetic group includes 12 individuals aged 35-75 diagnosed with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Data were validated through the Willcoxon and Friedman test statistics and error distribution. The investigation was continued to trace the capsules contents of elements using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) techniques. Results It has been shown that KP reducing blood sugar levels has been associated with flavonoids and methoxyflavones components. The result specifically showed that consuming VR4® capsules can significantly reduce blood glucose, either at the state of fasting or postprandially. In the study the content of mineral and heavy metal elements in VR4® capsules has been evaluated. Conclusion Volten VR4® Kaempferia parviflora extract is safe to be consumed at a single dose of 400 mg. The study also has shown that the participants are free from adverse reactions and hypoglycaemia.

Efektifitas pemberian sari kedelai dan formula kedelai terhadap gula darah penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2

Background : Diabetes mellitus is caused by a lack of insulin production in the body or insulin resistance. Soybeans can be used as a functional food to lower blood sugar levels because they have a low glycemic index value, sufficient fiber content, so they can slow down the absorption of food in the body, containing the amino acid arginine which is able to maintain the balance of the insulin hormone. Soybean isoflavones in the form of Genistein and Daidzein are useful for repairing cells, metabolizing glucose and fat, and protecting pancreatic cells.Methods : This type of research is a quasy experiment with a pre-post design with two treatment groups. The study was conducted from August to October 2020. The data collected were blood sugar levels, energy and carbohydrate intake, glycemic index, obesity status, physical activity and genetics. The research stages were: manufacture of soybean juice functional foods and soy formula. Functional food in the treatment group was given for 14 days. Data analysis used t-test dependent and independent statistical tests with a confidence degree of 95% (α 0.05) and continued with multiple linear regression analysis.Result : There is an effect of giving soy formula and soybean juice on blood sugar levels of people with Type 2 diabetes. The mean reduction in blood sugar levels in the group given soy formula was 26.30 mg/dl, while the group given soybean juice was 17.96 mg/dl.Conclution : Soybean formula can reduce blood sugar levels by 8.34 mg / dl greater than soybean juice. Physical activity carried out regularly has a role in reducing blood sugar levels by 33,828 mg / dl. Soybean juice and soy formulas can be used as alternatives to lower blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes.

The effect of Borago officinalis on the signaling pathway of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex, TLR4 and some inflammatory cytokines in type II diabetic patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening condition in which the lungs become severely inflamed, causing the alveoli to constrict or fill with fluid, which prevents the lungs from functioning properly. This disease becomes more dangerous when it occurs in patients with diabetes. Because of the clinical condition of these patients, it is not possible to treat them with usual medicines. One of the best options for treating these people is to use herbs. Borage (Borago officinalis) is a medicinal herb that, in addition to its anti-inflammatory properties, is also able to control blood sugar. Therefore, in the current study, the effect of borage oil was considered on the signaling pathway of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex, TLR4, and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1? and IL-18) in type II diabetic patients with ARDS. For this purpose, 25 diabetic type II patients with ARDS were divided into three groups by ARDS Berlin Definition. Then, after providing the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, they were treated with 30 mg/day borage oil for seven days. The expression of NLRP3 and TLR4 genes (by Real-time PCR technique) and serum levels of IL-1? and IL-18 (by ELISA test) were evaluated before and after treatment with borage oil through blood samples taken from patients. The results showed that serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1? and IL-18), NLRP3 gene, and TLR4 gene were significantly decreased in diabetic type II patients with mild ARDS by treating with borage oil. IL-1? serum level and TLR4 were significantly decreased in diabetic type II patients with moderate ARDS. But there was not any significant decrease or increase in IL-1?, IL-18, NLRP3 gene, and TLR4 gene in diabetic type II patients with severe ARDS after 7 days of treatment with borage oil. According to the obtained results, borage oil can act as a double-edged blade. Thus, in the early and middle stages of ARDS, borage oil can be effective in reducing the inflammasome pathway of inflammation and also reduce blood sugar levels in these diabetic patients. But in the severe stage of ARDS, it not only does not help to treat the ARDS; it also increases systolic and diastolic blood pressure in diabetic patients.

The Effect of Fasting Ramadhan and Diet on Blood Sugar Levels in People With Diabetes Mellitus : A Literature Review

ABSTRACT&#x0D; Diabetes mellitus is a health disorder caused by an increase in blood sugar levels due to insulin resistance. Fasting can be used as a way to control diet, when fasting calories in the body will be reduced and the body will break down glycogen into glucose so that glucose levels can decrease. The purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of Ramadan fasting and eating patterns on blood sugar levels in people with diabetes mellitus. The method used with the literature review is by reviewing several journals about the effect of fasting Ramadan and diet on blood sugar levels in people with diabetes mellitus. The results of this paper show that fasting has a significant effect on reducing blood sugar levels in Diabetes Mellitus patients. Decreased blood sugar levels are also influenced by diet. The conclusion of this writing shows that there is an influence on the decrease in blood sugar levels in people with diabetes mellitus who carry out Ramadan fasting. Then in the relationship between eating patterns, there is a relationship between diet and the incidence of diabetes.

Antidiabetes effect of Noni Fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) on mice with Oral Glucose Tolerance Method and Streptozotocin Induction Method

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a problem that deserves attention because of its increasing prevalence every year. The prevalence of DM based on WHO in 2030 is predicted to reach 366 patients. Epidemiologically, it is estimated that in 2030 the prevalence of DM in Indonesia reaches 21.3 million people. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of glycosides from noni fruit on reducing blood sugar levels in normal rats induced by diabetes by the method of glucose tolerance and induction of streptozotocin (STZ). Antidiabetic effect testing was divided into 8 groups namely 4 groups for oral glucose tolerance test in male mice (positive control group, negative control group, glycoside control group, and normal group), 4 other groups for testing with STZ induction (positive control group, positive control group, negative control, glycoside control group, and normal group). Oral glucose tolerance test results on normal mice showed that glycosides from noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) gave significantly different results with negative controls at minute 30 is 0.036 (p &lt;0.05) and were not significantly different from positive controls (0.462) subsequently at 120 minutes the results showed that the glycoside group was significantly different from the negative group (0.028) and not significantly different from the positive group (0.261). Tests with STZ induction method showed that the decrease in the level of blood sugar induced by the glycoside group was not significantly different (p&gt; 0.05) with the positive group on day 1 (0.056), day 3 (0.168), and day 7(0.141) so that it could be concluded that the glycosides from Noni fruit with a dose of 150mg/kg body weight provides antidiabetic activity.