Recreational Environments Research Articles

Optimal serving strategy for vehicle-to-grid business: service agreement, energy reserve estimation, and profit maximization

To advocate the adoption of electric vehicle (EV) technologies, this paper studies a practical operating paradigm for running a charge park vehicle-to-grid (V2G) service business. The operating paradigm consists of a service agreement and two consecutive day-ahead analyses. Specifically, i) the service agreement underpins the communication pattern between the EV owners and the V2G service operator, ii) day-ahead analysis-I estimates the V2G energy reserve distribution, and iii) day-ahead analysis-II aims to maximize profit by optimizing decision variables for the scheduled day, such as the output period and sale price of the V2G energy. Correspondingly, the contributions of this paper are three-fold. First, the major principles behind the design of a service agreement are highlighted, and a practical service agreement that abides by the principle is formed. Second, for day-ahead analysis-I, this paper proposes a V2G energy reserve modeling method for the rapid estimation of V2G energy reserve distribution, which is applied to a case study of New York City working and recreational environment charge parks. Third, for day-ahead analysis-II, an evaluation framework is proposed, which provides various metrics for characterizing the V2G output capacity. The metrics evaluation and profit maximization methods are presented with theoretical results and are verified also by computer experiments. For example, we show that for the simulated environment with peak time-of-use hours [13:00, 16:00] and V2G output period [13:00, 14:00], the V2G output power threshold 61 kW selected by our method achieves almost the maximum scheduled day profit (true maximum achieved at 60 kW).

Psychological recreation of overcoming failures and achieving success by young rhythmic gymnasts aged 6-8

Background and Study Aim. Performing physical exercises in rhythmic gymnastics requires not only physical ability, but also psychological stability and a suitable recreational environment. The satisfaction of doing gymnastic exercises is an important component of children's success. The aim of this study: to investigate the impact of psychological means of motivation and recreation, including intrinsic and extrinsic factors, on the performance and success of young gymnasts aged 6-8 in rhythmic gymnastics exercises.
 Materials and Methods. A total of 20 girls (employment experience - 2-4 years) aged between 6 and 8 years who were engaged in rhythmic gymnastics at Sports school No. 5 (Kharkiv, Ukraine), participated in this study. The participants were divided into two groups - experimental and control, based on their technical training levels determined by the results of the competition. Each group comprised 10 gymnasts. The research utilized two sets of tests: 1) psychological tests to assess the motivational sphere of gymnasts, including the Sports Motivation Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children; 2) technical training tests, specifically exercises with a hoop. The technical tests were scored by two experienced coaches on a 10-point scale.
 Results. The results of the study showed that the use of psychological training in the training process increased the level of motivation to achieve success. The motivational component of training was found to be closely related to the creation of an appropriate recreational environment, which in turn affected the level of technical performance of "risk" elements with the object among young gymnasts.
 Conclusions. The introduction of techniques and means of psychological preparation for performing complex throwing exercises with objects had a positive effect on increasing the level of motivation to achieve success and overcome failures. This approach helped to improve results when performing complex "risk" elements. The findings suggest that incorporating psychological means of recreation in training programs for young gymnasts can be beneficial for their overall performance and success.

Prediction of Bay-Shaped Shorelines between Detached Breakwaters with Various Gap Spacings

Detached breakwaters are widely used for shore protection. The planforms of tombolos or salients behind structures have also been used to provide a recreational and sustainable coastal environment. In this study, the comprehensive XBeach model was used to numerically simulate the evolution of wave transformation, nearshore current, and morphological changes in tombolo planforms behind detached breakwaters. Given various gap spacings between consecutive breakwaters, the numerical results indicated that both equilibrium bay-shaped shorelines and bottom profiles form in the lee of detached breakwaters after long-term persistent wave action. These equilibrium shorelines and bottom profiles were verified using well-known empirical formulas. Post-wave-action retreat displacement to the initial shoreline was analyzed, and an empirical relationship was proposed for predicting the equilibrium bay-shaped shoreline. By associating the empirical formula with a parabolic bay-shape equation, some actual beaches were evaluated to validate the predictions of equilibrium shorelines behind detached breakwaters. In conclusion, to appropriately plan the layouts of breakwaters, bay-shaped shorelines of tombolo planforms in the lee of detached breakwaters can be predicted at the design stage by using the proposed relationship.

Flow and outdoor adventure recreation: Using flow measures to re-examine motives for participation

Adventure participants have traditionally been viewed as having thrill or risk-seeking motives, and this perception remains despite empirical research suggesting that other motives may drive participation. This study was conducted to extend understanding of participation motives of adventure recreation participants in relation to Csiksentmihalyi’s nine-dimension model of flow and other proposed motivational constructs. Participants (n = 199) who had typically engaged in their adventure recreation activity (i.e., highlining, rock climbing, downhill mountain biking, freefalling, snow sports) regularly, and with considerable competence, took part in this investigation by completing self-report measures of dispositional flow (The Dispositional Flow Scale; DFS-2), state flow (The Short Flow State Scale; SFSS), and participation motives in their adventure recreation environments. Support was observed in confirmatory factor analytic procedures for the factorial validity of DFS-2 and SFSS data obtained from adventure recreation participants. Mean scores from measures on participant experience of flow in adventure recreation were generally found to be significantly higher than previously observed in other physical activity domains, with some differences also being observed among adventure recreation subgroups. Contrary to traditional explanations of adventure recreation participation, risk-seeking was not supported as a key underlying motive by participants in this study. Mastery of one’s adventure recreation activity, perceived connection to one’s activity, and trust in one’s skills, were identified as important participation motives. This study demonstrated that the DFS-2 and SFSS were able to satisfactorily assess flow constructs in adventure recreation, and supported recent research demonstrating flow to be a relevant experience to this setting. The implications of these findings for theory, practice, and future research directions in adventure recreation are discussed.

Protected areas in the Stara planina tourist region – current state and prospects for tourism development

Abstract Bulgaria is a country with an extremely diverse nature. Unlike a number of European countries, Bulgarian nature is relatively well preserved. For the purposes of its protection, a network of protected areas was created, which occupy 5.3% of the country’s territory. Bulgaria also participates in a number of international initiatives, which put about 1/3 of the territory of Bulgaria under protection of the natural environment. According to the Protected areas Act in Bulgaria, 6 categories are distinguished - national parks, natural parks, reserves, maintained reserves, protected localities, natural attractions. Among them, important resources for the development of tourism are national parks, natural parks, protected localities and natural attractions. They represent unique sites for the development of alternative forms of tourism such as ecological, cultural-cognitive, route-cognitive tourism, etc. On the other hand, reserves and maintained reserves prohibit tourism activities. The network of protected areas is unevenly developed throughout the country. It is better represented in the mountainous areas, and in the plain parts of the country it is more limited due to the strong anthropogenic changes and the pressure from various human activities. In connection with the preserved nature, the mountains are preferred sites for tourism. The contribution of the protected areas in this regard is significant. Stara planina tourist region is among the country’s tourist areas with well-defined mountainous characteristics. This is an important prerequisite both for the preservation of nature and for the formation of a suitable environment for recreation and tourism, and the mentioned directions are mutually bound. The purpose of this article is to valorize the protected areas in Stara Planina tourist region and to highlight the possibilities for their current and future use for the development of tourism.

Transgender and Nonbinary College Student Inclusivity in Campus Recreation: Perceptions of North American Staff

In this study of North American campus recreation staff, we examined staff perceptions of transgender and nonbinary student inclusivity, and explored differences in perceived inclusivity based on institutional characteristics, policies, amenities, and staff characteristics. Staff were recruited to participate in an online survey that assessed: institutional characteristics, amenities, and policies; personal characteristics; and, their perception of their campus recreation facilities’ inclusivity of transgender and nonbinary students. Perceived inclusivity was greater at nonreligiously affiliated institutions, and at institutions that had antidiscrimination/antiharassment policies and/or all-gender locker/restrooms within the campus recreation department. Men and heterosexual staff reported greater perceived inclusivity than women and sexual minority staff. In summary, antidiscrimination and antiharassment policies and all-gender locker/rest rooms appear to contribute to creating the perception of a more inclusive campus recreation environment. Continued work on staff awareness/knowledge relating to inclusion of transgender and nonbinary students appears to be necessary, and application of policies that support inclusivity should be a priority.

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ТРЕНІНГОВИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ДЛЯ ПІДЛІТКІВ В УМОВАХ РЕКРЕАЦІЙНО-РОЗВИВАЛЬНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА

Background. The article examines the training technologies use peculiarities in a temporary group in the children's camp recreational and developmental environment and their role in the adolescents' psychological potential development and actualization. Methods. The test "Detecting sociometric status (method of J. Moreno) and the test of emotional intelligence (N. Hall) results are presented. Results. The basis of training technologies is the constructive interaction between a practical psychologist and teenagers' group, which combines competence and transformational approaches. The author's program concept for the adolescents' psychological potential development (authors: T.I. Svatenkova and O.V. Svatenkov) is revealed and the longitudinal study results dedicated to the training technologies implementation in a temporary children's group in a children's camp are highlighted. The personality development in a temporary children's group concept using training technologies in the children's camp recreational and developmental environment conditions, it takes into account the psychosocial, culturalintellectual and neurophysiological aspects of the recreational and leisure process, combining an individual approach to the individual. The recreational and development environment's potential study was conducted in 2017–2022. A comprehensive psychological diagnosis was carried out with children during this period, a training program for the adolescents' psychological potential activation and development was planned, developed and implemented. Combining the recreational and developmental period of the teenagers' stay in the camp with training classes, accordingly coordinated in purpose's terms, tasks and functions, a person-oriented competence approach to working with children and the transformational interaction concept, already at the first stage certain changes in behavior became noticeable, which proved long-term research of sociometric status and emotional intelligence. Conclusions. The study results show the effectiveness of using training technologies with teenagers in the recreational and developmental environment conditions, which is recorded by changes in the teenager' sociometric status and the emotional intelligence development.

Approaches to the development of environmental standards for the content of petroleum hydrocarbons and Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni in soils of Greatest Caucasus

<p>The development of tourism and leisure infrastructure results in a continuous increase of anthropogenic impact on soils of wet and dry subtropics of the Greatest Caucasus. It is very important for the region to preserve the sustainable functions of soils and ecosystems, maintain a comfortable life and recreation environment create environmentally friendly agricultural products. It is conducted studies to determine the limits of resistance of soils in wet and dry sub-tropics to priority pollutants, especially petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni). It was found that the soils of wet and dry subtropics for resistance by Pb, Cr, Cu, and Ni are located as follows: south-ern chernozem > typical sod-carbonate soil ≥ brown typical soil ≥ brown carbonate soil = brown leached soil ≥ leached sod-carbonate soil = yellow soil >acid brown forest soil ≥ acid brown forest podzolized soil. In terms of the degree of resistance to oil pollution, studied soils create certain series: brown carbonate ≥ brown typical = sod-carbonate leached ≥ sod-carbonate typical > southern chernozem ≥ yellow soil ≥ brown leached soil > acid brown forest soil = acid brown forest podzolized soil. Heavy metals by ecotoxicity to the soils of wet and dry subtropics from the following series: Cr> Cu ≥ Ni = Pb. Based on the degradation of ecological functions of soils, we offer regional standards of the maximum permissible content of Pb, Cr, Cu, and Ni for the main soils of wet and dry subtropics.</p>

ADAPTATION OF SPORTS AND LEISURE COMPLEXES NETWORK IN UKRAINIAN CITIES TO CLIMATE CHANGE

The climate change that is taking place all around the world today presents challenges for all inhabitants of the planet, including the citizens of Ukraine. Taking all of these circumstances into consideration, it is necessary to introduce new methods of forming the environment that meet the new conditions. The article examines the influence of climate change on the recreational spaces of Ukrainian cities focusing on the location of sports and leisure complexes and their facilities. The article explores the influence of the temperature and humidity of the recreational environment on the athletes' performance and health. The work identifies and systematizes the positive and negative effects of the climate change on a network of sports and leisure complexes and their athletes. The main implication is that outdoor activities can cause heat stress during periods of high ambient temperature. This indicates that the existing sports and leisure complexes are not adapted to climate change. The paper studies the world's practical ways of adapting the urban environment to climate change paying particular attention to a system for alerting the population about the heat waves and informing the citizens about ways to strengthen their immunity; the creation of green and water infrastructure in cities and suburban areas; systems for objective monitoring of diseases and infectious agents affected by climate change, as well as planning for the prevention of these diseases; ensuring the population's access to clean drinking water and monitoring compliance with the technology of disinfection and purification. The study, premised on this analysis, has provided several proposals for adaptive measures implemented while designing a network of sports and leisure complexes in the architectural and urban planning aspects. It is predicted that such measures will help visitors adapt to climate change. It enables us to develop approaches for forming a future network of sports and leisure, taking into consideration cities' changing climatic conditions.

MODERN MONUMENTAL CERAMIC SCULPTURE IN A RECREATION ENVIRONMENT

The article examines the problems of combining an architectural recreational space and a work of monumental ceramic art. The interrelationship of monumental and decorative forms of decorative art namely, ceramics and architecture, as well as plastic and colorful enrichment of the architectural space for recreational purposes, is highlighted.
 The principles of the interaction of the recreational environment and the monumental-decorative ceramic work are given, such as the creation of the necessary conditions for the separation or interconnection of processes that take place inside or outside buildings, in places of rest, or in other environments. There are three principles of interaction between the recreational environment and the monumental-decorative ceramic work: based on three-dimensional dominants, on spatial dominants, or on the dominance of linear-axial connection. It is noted that a decorative element as a work of art evokes a certain number of ideas, experiences, and thoughts in the viewer. The concept of a work of art has a material expression, but it cannot be reduced to a physical object.

Kampüs Peyzaj Planlaması ve Tasarımının Öğrenci Bakış Açısına Göre Degerlendirilmesi: Uşak Üniversitesi 1 Eylül Kampüsü Örneği

Üniversite kampüsleri eğitim, öğretim ve akademik ihtiyaçların karşılanmasını sağlayan, içerisinde yer alan tüm birimleri ve mekânları öğrenci ve üniversite personeli tarafından sürekli olarak kullanılan sosyal, kültürel ve rekreatif ortamlardır. Başarılı bir kampüs planlama ve tasarım yaklaşımı için kullanıcı görüşlerinin (akademisyenler, idari personel, öğrenciler ve diğer kullanıcılar) tespit edilmesi önemli bir olgudur.Bu çalışmada, Uşak Üniversitesi 1 Eylül Kampüsü peyzaj planlaması ve tasarımının kullanıcı görüşleri doğrultusunda değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya Uşak Üniversitesi’nin farklı bölümlerinde eğitim gören lisans öğrencileri katılmışlardır. Katılımcıların görüşlerinin belirlenebilmesine yönelik 8 adet çoktan seçmeli soru ve 11 adet 5’li Likert soru olmak üzere, 19 soruluk bir anket formu oluşturulmuş ve 436 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. Anketten elde edilen sonuçların değerlendirilmesinde frekans (f), yüzde (%) ve korelasyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, Uşak Üniversitesi 1 Eylül Kampüsü'nün peyzaj planlama ve tasarımı açısından kullanıcı görüşlerinin genel olarak olumlu olduğu; fakat bazı konularda eksikliklerinin olduğu görüşü ortaya çıkmıştır. Araştırmada bu eksiklikler belirlenmiş ve çözüm önerileri getirilmiştir.

Safe week, unsafe weekend? Consumers’ self-reported food safety practices and stomach sickness in cabin environments of varying infrastructure levels

Food poisoning is a threat to health and economy across regions and living standards, with an estimated 600 million cases worldwide every year. In consumer households, water and electricity facilities are key to safe food preparation and storage. However, recreational home environments may be of lower standard and expose dwellers to higher risk of foodborne illness. The aim of this study was to assess risk behaviours in Norwegian cabin kitchens in relation to the level of cabin infrastructure and compared to home practices. Cabin dwellers (N = 339) answered an online questionnaire about infrastructure, appliances, cleaning routines, and food habits at the cabin and at home. Correspondence analysis was used to define three cabin types of low (16%), medium (31%) and high (53%) infrastructure. The cabin types were compared to one another as well as to home in terms of cabin visit frequency and length, kitchen equipment, cleaning practices, food consumption, and incidence of stomach sickness. Consumer practices were evaluated for their impact on potential exposure to foodborne pathogens in light of the food safety situation and recommendations in Norway. Large variations in cabin kitchen equipment were found, where 35% of the respondents did not have running water in the kitchen and 18% did not have a refrigerator. The lack of running water and/or electrical appliances in cabins appeared to lead to adaptive consumer practices regarding hygiene routines (e.g., more hand disinfectant). Food consumption differed from home towards safer choices in all cabin types (e.g., less raw chicken and more canned foods). The estimated incidence rate of stomach sickness was of 4‰ occurrences per day at the cabin. Across cabin types, the incidence rate was 4.0 times larger in low-infrastructure cabins and 3.1 times larger in medium-infrastructure cabins compared to high-infrastructure cabins. The results uncover a need for information campaigns on the elevated risk for foodborne illness in cabin environments and how consumers should change practices to reduce the risk.

Research on the Development Strategy of Forest Health Tourism in Zhejiang Province based on Tourists' Needs

With the improvement of people's living standards and the upgrade of consumers’ need, people pursue healthy travel, consumption, and a livable living environment. Therefore, health tourism has increasingly become a new way of tourism, which is more and more favored and recognized by society. Moreover, the increase in the number of sub-healthy people and the age of population have also prompted people's needs for health tourism. China is vast, and natural recreation environment such as coastal, forests, grasslands, and lakeside provides a solid foundation for the development of different characteristics of health tourism in various places. With rich forest tourism resources, Zhejiang Province has become one of the provinces that nationwide to carry out pilot piloting of forest health tourism. This article analyzes the development status of the Zhejiang forest health tourism and the survey of tourists on the needs of forest health tourism, Which is based on literature research, field survey, and questionnaire surveys. This article finally puts forward reference suggestions on the development of forest health tourism in Zhejiang Province.

Practicing Tribal Sovereignty Through a Tribal Health Policy: Implementation of the Healthy Diné Nation Act on the Navajo Nation.

The Navajo Nation is a large sovereign tribal nation. After several years of grassroots efforts and overcoming an initial presidential veto, the Navajo Nation passed the Healthy Diné Nation Act (HDNA) in 2014 to promote healthy behaviors in Navajo communities. This was the first such policy in the US and in any sovereign tribal nation worldwide. The objective of this study was to describe the process, implementation, and evaluation of the HDNA passage and its 2020 reauthorization and the potential for using existing and tribal-specific data to inform tribal policy making. The HDNA included a 2% tax on unhealthy foods sold on the Navajo Nation and waived a 6% sales tax on healthy foods. HDNA-generated funds were allocated to 110 local communities for wellness projects. No funds were allocated for enforcement or compliance. We assessed HDNA tax revenue and tax-funded wellness projects in 110 chapters over time, by region and community size. The food store environment was assessed for fidelity of HDNA implementation, price changes since pretax levels, and shopper behaviors. HDNA revenue was cross-matched with baseline nutrition behaviors and health status through a Navajo-specific Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey. HDNA revenue decreased modestly annually, and 99% of revenue was disbursed to local chapters, mostly for the built recreational environment, education, equipment, and social events. Stores implemented the 2% tax accurately, and the food store environment improved modestly. Regions with high tax revenue also had high rates of diabetes, but not other chronic conditions. The HDNA was reauthorized in 2020. Sovereign tribal nations can drive their own health policy. Program evaluation can use existing data sources, tailored data collection efforts, and tribal-specific surveys to gain insight into feasibility, implementation, and impact.

Potential Pathogenicity of Aeromonas spp. Recovered in River Water, Soil, and Vegetation from a Natural Recreational Area.

The genus Aeromonas is widely distributed in aquatic environments and is recognized as a potential human pathogen. Some Aeromonas species are able to cause a wide spectrum of diseases, mainly gastroenteritis, skin and soft-tissue infections, bacteremia, and sepsis. Currently, untreated river water is used for irrigation and recreational purposes. In this study, the Aeromonas spp. present in a river recreational environment was investigated by quantifying its presence in water, soil, and vegetation using three techniques: qPCR, plate counting in selective ADA medium, and Most Probable Number, in parallel. The presence of clones in the three types of samples was elucidated through genotyping with the ERIC-PCR technique, whereas the identification of the isolated Aeromonas was carried out by sequencing the rpoD gene. Finally, the pathogenic potential of some of the strains was explored by studying the presence and expression of virulence genes characteristic of the genus, their antimicrobial susceptibility profile, as well as the quantification of their cell damage and intracellular survival in an in vitro macrophages infection model. The results showed the presence of Aeromonas in all samples with the three quantification methods, with Aeromonas popoffii being the most prevalent species. The presence of strains with the same genotype (ERIC-PCR) was also confirmed in different samples. Some of the strains showed a high level of cell damage and intracellular bacterial survival, as well as the presence of various virulence factors. Furthermore, these strains showed resistance to some of the antibiotics tested and used therapeutically in both humans and animals. These results indicate that the presence of Aeromonas in this environment may represent a biosanitary risk that could be a public health problem.

Creating Clarity and Crew Courage: Preventive and Promotive Measures for a Maritime Industry Without Bullying and Harassment

Seafaring shares many characteristics with contemporary working life ashore. However, a major difference is that seafarers can spend up to 12 months aboard a ship that constitutes a work, living and recreational environment. Onboard work includes many stressors that can potentially contribute to workplace bullying and harassment, which in turn can affect safety critical operations. The aim of this study was to identify underlying causes in the organizational and social work environment that can cause workplace bullying and harassment at sea, and to suggest appropriate preventive and promotive strategies and measures. Data were collected mainly through World Café workshops with 56 participants from the Swedish maritime industry. Seafarer occupational health, safety, and wellbeing is largely determined by interdependent factors at micro, meso, and macro levels, where different stakeholders play various roles. Strategies and measures starting at the individual seafarer, and gradually expanding outwards toward the maritime industry are suggested. It is important that a victim of bullying or harassment receives adequate support. Creating crew courage enables employees to both recognize troubling situations and know how to act and respond to a situation. To bridge the gap between policy and practice, the legislative framework needs translating into practical procedures to make sense to the middle manager at the sharp end, with limited knowledge, time, resources, and decision latitude. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of work environment interventions – what works, for whom, and under which circumstances.

Leave No Trace? Ecological and anthropogenic determinants of antibiotic resistant bacteria in a recreational alpine environment

Antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) have been detected in remote environments, but the degree to which their presence is due to anthropogenic contamination remains unclear. Here, anthropogenic and ecological determinants of ARB were characterized in remote and highly visited areas of Rocky Mountain National Park in the United States. Soil and water samples were collected from 29 sites once a month for three months and measured for bacteria resistant to seven antibiotics with flow cytometry. A novel index of the likelihood of human presence (HPI) was generated for estimating human impact on ARB abundance. The HPI accounted for 44% of variation in ARB abundance in water samples (p < 0.0001) and 51% of variation in soil samples (p < 0.00001). Human presence index was illustrated as a reliable predictor of ARB abundance despite a tendency to underpredict at higher levels of human impact. Ecological determinants such as temperature, elevation, slope, and aspect were also found to be significantly associated with ARB abundance. These findings suggest that human presence drives the abundance of ARB in Rocky Mountain National Park, but ecological variables play a significant role in their presence and dispersal.

Acanthamoeba and a bacterial endocytobiont isolated from recreational freshwaters.

The quality of many freshwater environments is impacted by human activities, so that many rivers may represent a vehicle for the transmission of health-related microorganisms. This work aimed to isolate and identify genetically free-living amoeba (FLA) of the genus Acanthamoeba from a recreational river in Salta, Argentina, and isolate, if possible, an endocytobiont. Sampling took place at four points (P1-P4) throughout the river in the winter and the summer seasons. Free-living amoebae and Acanthamoeba were recovered from 20-L water concentrated through an ultrafiltration system. Isolation was performed in agar plates, confirmation of Acanthamoeba genus by PCR, and fellow identification and classification based on their sequence analyses. High concentrations of indicator bacteria were found especially in P2, which is intensively used for recreation. Out of a total of 29 FLA isolations, 9 were identified as Acanthamoeba genotype T4 subtype A, the most frequent genotype found in nature and associated with causing human disease. From an axenic culture of Acanthamoeba spp. (KY751412), a bacterial endocytobiont was isolated, and identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The endocytobiont showed resistance and intermediate resistance to a wide range of widely used antibiotics. Results were in concordance with the cosmopolitan behavior of Acanthamoeba, and showed the importance of studying this group of amoebae and related microorganisms in recreational environments.

LANDSCAPE-ECOLOGICAL BASES OF HUMANIZATION OF ARCHITECTURAL AND TOWN-PLANNING INFRASTRUCTURE OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT

Formulation of the problem. The territory of any city is characterized by two main indicators: the natural basis created in the process of urban planning, planning and construction. The combination of these factors shapes the urban environment. At all stages of development of civilization sought to create a comfortable urban environment for the livelihood of the population primarily taking into account human needs. Purpose of the article is to investigate in the process of urbanization the relief of the assimilated territory is processed in accordance with the needs of a particular stage of city development. Comparison of several sections of the relief of the same urban area allows to establish changes in the composition of the earth's surface that have already occurred: the disappearance of lakes, river flows, ravines, straightening the riverbed, the emergence of a new reservoir, changes in altitudes. An urgent complex urban planning problem today is to determine the prospects for further development and reconstruction of large industrial cities. Ergonomic factor allows, above all, to create a comfortable environment for production activities, as well as a recreational environment in which a person in the process of rest could feel comfortable psychologically and emotionally. Humanization − the humanization of the production environment − is based on ergonomics, taking into account, above all, new technologies and the impact on the city's ecosystem. Conclusions. The dynamic transformation of the city under the influence of various factors was accompanied by a change of approaches to correct the contradictions that arise from the interaction of natural and artificial components of the urban environment with architectural and urban infrastructure. The living environment at each stage of historical development has changed, primarily taking into account its architectural and urban infrastructure, and each stage of historical development has changed the nature of the relationship “city − environment – man”.

Recreation and Alcohol Consumption in Sub-Saharan Africa: Addressing Gender and Age Differences in Urban Areas-Praia, Cabo Verde.

Background: Reducing alcohol consumption and improving urban planning in African cities are public health priorities. The aim of this study was to explore gender and age differences in recreational activity participation and its link with self-reported alcohol consumption in three urban areas of Praia. Methods: A questionnaire was applied to a probabilistic sample of 1912 adults, with a median age of 35.0 (IQR: 26.0–48.8) years, living in informal, transition, and formal areas of the capital of Cabo Verde. Results: More than 80% of the participants reported rarely or never participating in recreational activities. Going daily or weekly to the café was the most reported recreational activity, regardless of the urban area. Participation in recreational activities was higher in men than women, decreasing with age in both cases. Alcohol consumption was significantly higher in men than women (72.4% versus 47.4%, p < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression models showed that going at least once to the bar/nightclub (for men and women) and going to the café (for women) were associated with alcohol consumption. Furthermore, age (for women), in a protective way, and having children (for men) appeared to be associated with alcohol consumption. Conclusions: This study provides new data on the recreational environment in Praia and can contribute to the development of local and national public health policies and interventions in line with several SDGs to reduce alcohol consumption, enhance healthy leisure/recreation practices, and promote better living conditions for its inhabitants.