Recovery Group Research Articles

The rate of change in clinical indicators can predict the progression of hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic preliver failure.

The objective of this study was to investigate the predictors and predictive model construction of the progression of HBV-Pre.Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), a total of 133 patients with HBV-Pre.ACLF was divided into the progressive group (52 patients) and the recovery group (81 patients) according to whether they progressed to ACLF or not. The clinical parameters N%, L%, PLT, ALT, TBiL, ALB, Cre, Na, NH3, CRP, AFP, prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR), FIB, and their rate of change at baseline were analyzed in the 2 groups. The independent risk factors for HBV-Pre.ACLF progression was found by univariate and multivariate analyses, and a predictive model was constructed. The clinical parameters ALB, FIB, Na, combined alprostadil treatment and MELD, and MELD-Na scores at baseline were significantly different between the 2 groups (P <.05), while ALT, TBiL, Cre, CHE, NH3, N%, L%, PLT, INR, and PT were not significantly different (P >.05). The change rates of Na, CHE, PT, FIB, CRP, Cre, PLT, and the ratio after to before of N% were significantly different between the 2 groups (P <.05), while the change rates of ALT, TBIL, NH3, AFP, L%, and the ratio after to before of INR were not significantly different between the 2 groups (P >.05). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that baseline ALB, Na, FIB, combined alprostadil therapy and the rate of change of Na and PLT were protective factors for disease progression, and the rate of change of PT, CRP, and the ratio after to before of N% were independent risk factors for disease progression. The novel model was LogitP = -6.051 + 4.049×ΔPT + 0.626×ΔCRP + 4.527×the ratio after to before N% and its area under the curve was 0.944 (95% confidence interval: 0.900-0.988) predicting progression of HBV-Pre.ACLF, and the best cutoff value was -0.22. The patients with a higher logitP score (> -0.22) had an increased risk for progression to ACLF (P <.05). The novel model logitP shows good predictive value for the disease progression of HBV-Pre.ACLF.

Impact of Cyclophosphamide on Testis and Sexual Glands of Adult Albino Rats and Probable Recovery After Drug Withdrawal: A Histological and Immunohistochemical study

Background: Cyclophosphamide is a chemotherapy and an immune-suppressive drug which is used for treatment of malignant and immune –related disease. The current work was conducted to evaluate the histological structure of the male gonad and sexual glands during treatment and after discontinuation of cyclophosphamide. Material and Methods: Thirty male albino- rats were classified into three groups. The first one was treated by normal saline, the second and third groups received cyclophosphamide 150 mg/kg intra peritoneal every two days for one week. The third group regarded as recovery group and divided into two subgroups with one- or two-months’ recovery period. At the accomplishment of the work, blood was drowning for hormonal analysis (testosterone) then the animals were sacrificed. The testis, prostate and seminal vesicle were removed and prepare for histological and immunohistochemical staining. Results: The cyclophosphamide treated group (GII) showed reduction of serum testosterone level, the testicular and sexual glands sections revealed atrophic and degenerative changes of their lining epithelium with reduction of their function and changes of their Ki67 expression which indicate abnormal proliferative pattern of the cells. However, the histopathological changes of treated group showed no improvement after one or even two months of drug withdrawal. Conclusion: The present study pointed out the risk of infertility and gonadal toxicity during cyclophosphamide treatment which may be permanent even after termination of the treatment.

Tissue oxidative stress and expression of chicken UCP and ANT mRNA in laying hens exposed to acute cold stress

ABSTRACT 1. Exposure to stress alters normal homoeostasis and, hence, the antioxidant defence system. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of acute cold temperature on the antioxidant defence system in hens. 2. Hy-line grey commercial layers (80 40-week-old) were randomly assigned to one of eight groups. In groups 1 to 5, hens were exposed to low temperature at −8.68°C (cool stressed) for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h, respectively. In groups 6 and 7, post 10 h cool stressed, hens were quickly transferred to room at 21°C to recovery for 2 h and 4h, respectively. In treatment groups 6 and 7, post 10 h cool stressed, hens were quickly transferred to room at 21°C for 2 h and 4 h, respectively. Group 8 was the control, where hens were housed under regular condition at 21°C as controls. 3. Antioxidant enzymes (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA), in skeletal muscle, the kidney, liver and pancreas were measured. The transcription of avUCP and ANT mRNA was tested by RT-PCR. 4. The T-AOC activity was increased in the skeletal muscle of hens cold stressed for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h and the 2 h recovery groups compared with control hens (p < 0.05). The GPx activity was increased in the liver and skeletal muscle after cold stress 4 h and in the pancreas of cold stress 2 h compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Antioxidant SOD activity was increased in the kidney after cold stress 6 h and in the liver after cold stress 10 h compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Measured MDA activity was increased in the pancreas after 2 h cold stress (p < 0.05). 5. UCP mRNA expression level was increased in the pectoral muscle for 2 h and 4 h recovery groups compared with the control hens (p < 0.05) and avian uncoupling protein (UPC), adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) expression level was increased in the leg muscle of hens cold stress for 2, 6, 8 h and recovery 2 and 4 h. 6. The observed changes in the antioxidant defence system were tissue specific. Increments in levels of ANT (leg muscle) and UCP (pectoral and leg muscle) mRNA expression may be involved in the regulation of thermogenesis in skeletal muscle.

Peer-led recovery groups for people with psychosis in South Africa (PRIZE): Results of a randomized controlled feasibility trial.

The aims of this feasibility trial were to assess the acceptability and feasibility of peer-led recovery groups for people with psychosis in a low-resource South African setting, to assess the feasibility of trial methods, and to determine key parameters in preparation for a definitive trial. The design was an individually randomised feasibility trial comparing recovery groups in addition to treatment as usual (TAU) with TAU alone. Ninety-two isiXhosa-speaking people with psychosis and forty-seven linked caregivers were recruited from primary care clinics and randomly allocated to trial arms in a 1:1 allocation ratio. TAU comprised anti-psychotic medication delivered in primary care. The intervention arm comprised six recovery groups including service users and caregivers. Two-hour recovery group sessions were delivered weekly in a 2-month auxiliary social worker (ASW)-led phase, then a 3-month peer-led phase. To explore acceptability and feasibility, a mixed methods process evaluation included 25 in-depth interviews and 2 focus group discussions at 5months with service users, caregivers and implementers, and quantitative data collection including attendance and facilitator competence. To explore potential effectiveness, quantitative outcome data (functioning, relapse, unmet needs, personal recovery, stigma, health service use, medication adherence and caregiver burden) were collected at baseline, 2months and 5months post randomisation. Trial registration: PACTR202202482587686. Qualitative interviews revealed that recovery groups were broadly acceptable with most participants finding groups to be an enjoyable opportunity for social interaction, and joint problem-solving. Peer facilitation was a positive experience; however a minority of participants did not value expertise by lived experience to the same degree as expertise of professional facilitators. Attendance was moderate in the ASW-led phase (participants attended 59% sessions on average) and decreased in the peer-led phase (41% on average). Participants desired a greater focus on productive activities and financial security. Recovery groups appeared to positively impact on relapse. Relapse occurred in 1 (2.2%) of 46 participants in the recovery group arm compared to 8 (17.4%) of 46 participants in the control arm (risk difference -0.15 [95% CI: -0.26; -0.05]). Recovery groups also impacted on the number of days in the last month totally unable to work (mean 1.4days recovery groups vs 7.7days control; adjusted mean difference -6.3 [95%CI: -12.2; -0.3]). There were no effects on other outcomes. Peer-led recovery groups for people with psychosis in South Africa are potentially acceptable, feasible and effective. A larger trial, incorporating amendments such as increased support for peer facilitators, is needed to demonstrate intervention effectiveness definitively.

Incidence and risk factors of prolonged recovery during procedural sedation in pediatrics.

Sedation-related adverse events not only referred to a cause for morbidity and mortality but also included events that could disrupt routine procedures and thus lead to reduced procedural efficiency or quality. To date, no literature is available to predict the risk factors associated with prolonged recovery in pediatric patients during procedural sedation. Thus, we retrospectively analyzed the two-year sedation data to explore the above questions. Pediatric patients who underwent procedural sedation between January 2022 and January 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to sedation duration <120 min (Non-prolonged recovery group); or ≧ 120 min (Prolonged recovery group). The primary outcome was the incidence of prolonged recovery. Risk factors associated with prolonged recovery were assessed. A total of 30,003 patients were identified; 854 (2.8%) developed prolonged recovery during procedural sedation. By multivariate regression, a higher body weight (OR 1.03, 95%CI 1.01-1.05), outpatients (OR 1.31, 95%CI 1.07-1.59), patients with sedation history (OR 1.25, 95%CI 1.07-1.44), and patients received chloral hydrate (OR 1.47, 95%CI 1.06-2.03), were associated with increased odds of the prolonged recovery with the initial sedative(s). Monitoring time needs to be extended in patients with sedation history, those with heavier weights, outpatients, and those who received chloral hydrate.

Analysis of risk factors and construction of nomogram model for arthroscopic single-row rivet repair

BackgroundThe factors influencing the clinical outcome of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair are not fully understood.PurposeTo explore the factors related to the postoperative outcome of arthroscopic single-row rivet rotator cuff repair in patients with rotator cuff injury and to construct the related nomogram risk prediction model.Methods207 patients with rotator cuff injury who underwent arthroscopic single-row rivet rotator cuff repair were reviewed. The differences of preoperative and postoperative Visual Analogue Score (VAS) scores and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) scores were analyzed and compared. The postoperative UCLA score of 29 points was taken as the critical point, and the patients were divided into good recovery group and poor recovery group, and binary logstic regression analysis was performed. According to the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis, the correlation nomogram model was constructed, and the calibration chart was used, AUC, C-index. The accuracy, discrimination and clinical value of the prediction model were evaluated by decision curve analysis. Finally, internal validation is performed using self-random sampling.ResultsThe mean follow-up time was 29.92 ± 17.20 months. There were significant differences in VAS score and UCLA score between preoperative and final follow-up (p < 0.05); multivariate regression analysis showed: Combined frozen shoulder (OR = 3.890, 95% CI: 1.544 ∼ 9.800), massive rotator cuff tear (OR = 3.809, 95%CI: 1.218 ∼ 11.908), More rivets number (OR = 2.118, 95%CI: 1.386 ∼ 3.237), lower preoperative UCLA score (OR = 0.831, 95%CI: 0.704–0.981) were adverse factors for the postoperative effect of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Use these factors to build a nomogram. The nomogram showed good discriminant and predictive power, with AUC of 0.849 and C-index of 0.900 (95% CI: 0.845 ∼ 0.955), and the corrected C index was as high as 0.836 in internal validation. Decision curve analysis also showed that the nomogram could be used clinically when intervention was performed at a threshold of 2%∼91%.ConclusionCombined frozen shoulders, massive rotator cuff tears, and increased number of rivets during surgery were all factors associated with poor outcome after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, while higher preoperative UCLA scores were factors associated with good outcome after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. This study provides clinicians with a new and relatively accurate nomogram model.

Exploring the genetic expression of Sdf1, Foxc1 and histologic changes following mandibular advancement and recovery phase in Wistar rats.

PurposeThis study evaluated the impact of mandibular advancement on Sdf1 and Foxc1 gene expression in the mandibular condylar cartilage of young Wistar rats. By examining the changes that occur during a unique one-month recovery period, it highlights the critical role of gene expression and condylar adaptation during the recovery phase. The analysis focused on whether, during the recovery period, reversal changes occur when functional appliances are removed and whether genetic expression important for condyle growth and adaptation downregulates. Material and MethodsThe study involved 30 male Wistar rats divided into 2 control groups Appliance Control and Recovery Control groups, and 2 experimental groups, the Appliance group with mandibular advancement bite-jumping appliance for 30 days, and the Recovery group with appliance for 30 days followed by a 30-day recovery. Molecular analysis of condylar cartilage using real-time RT-PCR and histological assessments was conducted. ResultsSignificant genetic expression alterations were noted in both the experimental groups for Sdf1 (p < 0.05) and Foxc1 (p < 0.05). According to histological investigations, significant alterations with an increase in the proliferative and hypertrophic layer in condylar cartilage were seen. ConclusionMandibular advancement bite-jumping appliances induce proliferative and hypertrophic layer changes in mandibular condylar cartilage, shown by elevated Foxc1 levels and decreased Sdf1 levels. Post-appliance removal, persistent gene expression reveals a true joint stimulation.

The trajectories and associations of sleep disturbance symptoms with suicidal ideation in adolescents: A three-wave longitudinal study

BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the developmental trajectories of sleep disturbance symptoms and examine whether specific trajectory memberships of sleep disturbance symptoms could prospectively predict suicidal ideation (SI) among a large sample of Chinese adolescents over one year. MethodsA three-wave longitudinal study was conducted from April 2021 to June 2022, with a sample of 19,095 adolescents from Shenzhen in Guangdong Province, China (51.2% males; mean age = 12.4 ± 1.6 years at baseline). Socio-demographics (at baseline), SI, sleep disturbance symptoms (at each assessment), depressive symptoms (at the last follow-up), and negative life events (at two follow-ups) were assessed. Data were analyzed employing Growth Mixture Modeling and binary logistic regressions. ResultsThe Growth Mixture Modeling identified four trajectories of sleep disturbance symptoms over one year: resistant group (76.2%), delayed-dysfunction group (8.8%), recovery group (7.4%), and chronic-dysfunction group (7.6%). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that adolescents in the group of delayed-dysfunction (OR = 2.86, 95% CI = 2.51-3.27) and chronic-dysfunction (OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.84-2.47) exhibited higher risks of developing SI compared to those in the resistant group, even after controlling for socio-demographics, negative life events, depressive symptoms, and baseline SI. ConclusionsThese findings underscore the importance of identifying individuals at higher risks of sleep disturbance and providing personalized and effective mental health services to reduce the incidence of SI.

Factors predicting slow visual recovery following microkeratome-assisted myopic LASIK.

To identify factors predicting slow visual recovery following myopic microkeratome assisted insitu keratomileusis (LASIK). Retrospective study. This study included consecutive patients who underwent microkeratome-assisted myopic LASIK between January 2005 and December 2019 at Care Vision Laser Center, Tel Aviv, Israel. Patients were divided into three groups according to whether they experienced normal recovery of visual acuity (1 week visit), slow visual recovery (1 month visit) or very slow recovery (>1 month). Normal visual recovery was defined as achieving an efficacy index of 0.9 or greater. Efficacy index was calculated as postoperative uncorrected visual acuity/preoperative best corrected visual acuity. A comparison of baseline and intraoperative parameters was performed. Overall, 10 439 eyes were included. Mean age was 30.8 ± 8.7 years and 47.1% were females. The slower visual recovery groups (slow 11.4%, n = 1191; very slow 8.4%, n = 875) were of older age (p < 0.001), steeper preoperative steep keratometry (p = 0.002) and larger refractive astigmatism (p < 0.001). In binary logistic regression older age (p < 0.001), female gender (p = 0.001), larger astigmatism (p < 0.001) and high myopia (p < 0.001) remained significant predictors of slow visual recovery. Slow visual recovery was observed in 19.8% of patients following myopic LASIK. Older age, female gender, larger astigmatism and high myopia were associated with slow visual recovery. Patients may be advised accordingly.

Factors Predicting Slow Visual Recovery Following Myopic Photorefractive Keratectomy.

To identify factors predicting slow visual recovery following photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). This retrospective study included consecutive patients who underwent PRK between January 2005 and December 2019 at Care Vision Laser Center, Tel Aviv, Israel. Myopic patients were divided into 2 groups according to whether they experienced normal recovery of visual acuity (within 60 days) or slow visual recovery (>60 days). Visual recovery was defined as achieving an efficacy index of 0.9 or greater. Efficacy index was calculated as postoperative uncorrected visual acuity/preoperative best corrected visual acuity. A comparison of baseline and intraoperative parameters was performed. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify potential predictors of slow visual recovery. Overall, 4868 eyes were included. The mean age was 25.9 ± 7.7 years, and 53.9% were male. The slow visual recovery group (39.3%, n = 1911/4868) was older (P < 0.001) and had greater refractive astigmatism (P < 0.001) with a larger proportion of recent contact lens wearers (P = 0.002). The slow recovery group had larger optic zone treatments (P < 0.001), alcohol-assisted PRK (vs. transepithelial PRK) (P < 0.001), and greater maximum ablation depth (P < 0.001). In binary logistic regression, older age (P < 0.001), higher refractive astigmatism (P = 0.01), recent contact lens wear (P = 0.01), greater optic zone treatment (P = 0.001), and alcohol-assisted PRK (P < 0.001) remained significant predictors of slow visual recovery. Slow visual recovery was observed in ∼40% of patients following myopic PRK. Older age, greater refractive astigmatism, recent contact lens wear, greater optic zone treatment, and alcohol-assisted PRK were associated with slow visual recovery.

Differences in brain structure and cognitive performance between patients with long-COVID and those with normal recovery

BackgroundThe pathophysiology of protracted symptoms after COVID-19 is unclear. This study aimed to determine if long-COVID is associated with differences in baseline characteristics, markers of white matter diffusivity in the brain, and lower scores on objective cognitive testing. MethodsIndividuals who experienced COVID-19 symptoms for more than 60 days post-infection (long-COVID) (n = 56) were compared to individuals who recovered from COVID-19 within 60 days of infection (normal recovery) (n = 35). Information regarding physical and mental health, and COVID-19 illness was collected. The National Institute of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery was administered. Participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Tract-based spatial statistics were used to perform a whole-brain voxel-wise analysis on standard DTI metrics (fractional anisotropy, axial diffusivity, mean diffusivity, radial diffusivity), controlling for age and sex. NIH Toolbox Age-Adjusted Fluid Cognition Scores were used to compare long-COVID and normal recovery groups, covarying for Age-Adjusted Crystallized Cognition Scores and years of education. False discovery rate correction was applied for multiple comparisons. ResultsThere were no significant differences in age, sex, or history of neurovascular risk factors between the groups. The long-COVID group had significantly (p < 0.05) lower mean diffusivity than the normal recovery group across multiple white matter regions, including the internal capsule, anterior and superior corona radiata, corpus callosum, superior fronto-occiptal fasciculus, and posterior thalamic radiation. However, the effect sizes of these differences were small (all β<|0.3|) and no significant differences were found for the other DTI metrics. Fluid cognition composite scores did not differ significantly between the long-COVID and normal recovery groups (p > 0.05). ConclusionsDifferences in diffusivity between long-COVID and normal recovery groups were found on only one DTI metric. This could represent subtle areas of pathology such as gliosis or edema, but the small effect sizes and non-specific nature of the diffusion indices make pathological inference difficult. Although long-COVID patients reported many neuropsychiatric symptoms, significant differences in objective cognitive performance were not found.

Comparison of free vs. liposomal naringenin in white adipose tissue browning in C57BL/6j mice

Naringenin may play a role in browning by increasing thermogenic gene expression. In this study, we encapsulated naringenin using a liposomal formulation and examined the effects of both free and liposomal naringenin on white adipose tissue browning in C57BL6/J mice. In the first phase of the study, naringenin was encapsulated by the liposome method, which is biocompatible and biodegradable. The physical and chemical properties of liposomal naringenin were tested. In the second phase, a total of 48 six-week-old mice were divided into two main groups: prevention and recovery. Each main group was divided into four subgroups: nano-naringenin, void, free-naringenin, and control. The prevention group received a high-fat diet for 10 weeks along with weekly intravenous injections of 20 µM naringenin. On the other hand, the recovery group was first subjected to a high-fat diet for 10 weeks, followed by an additional 10 weeks of the same diet, along with weekly intravenous injections of 20 µM naringenin. Body weight was measured once per week, and brown adipose tissue, inguinal white adipose tissue, and serum samples were collected from each mouse. The mean particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential values of liposomal naringenin were ∼207 nm, 0.35, and −27 mV, respectively. The encapsulation and loading efficiencies of liposomal naringenin were 94.6 and 19.2%, respectively. Liposomal naringenin exhibited sustained-release behavior, while free naringenin showed a burst-release profile. Liposomal naringenin showed the best physical stability in light and at 4 °C, while free naringenin was more chemically stable in light and at 4 and 22 °C. Free and liposomal naringenin did not significantly reduce weight gain. In the prevention group, liposomal naringenin increased PRDM16 gene expression in inguinal white adipose tissue 4.29 times more than free naringenin (p = 0.010). However, neither formulation significantly altered the expression levels of other browning or adipogenesis markers in the tissues. The results suggest that free naringenin can be efficiently encapsulated in biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticles. Further research is needed to better understand the physiological effects of liposomal naringenin.

Identifying biochemical changes in the kidney using proton nuclear magnetic resonance in an adenine diet chronic kidney disease mouse model.

This study aimed to investigate the metabolic changes in the kidneys in a murine adenine-diet model of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Kidney fibrosis is the common pathological manifestation across CKD aetiologies. Sustained inflammation and fibrosis cause changes in preferred energy metabolic pathways in the cells of the kidney. Kidney cortical tissue from mice receiving a control or adenine-supplemented diet for 8weeks (late inflammation and fibrosis) and 12 weeks (8weeks of treatment followed by 4weeks recovery) were analysed by 2D-correlated nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and compared with histopathology and biomarkers of kidney damage. Tissue metabolite and lipid levels were assessed using the MestreNova software. Expression of genes related to inflammation, fibrosis, and metabolism were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Animals showed indicators of severely impaired kidney function at 8 and 12 weeks. Significantly increased fibrosis was present at 8weeks but not in the recovery group suggesting some reversal of fibrosis and amelioration of inflammation. At 8weeks, metabolites associated with glycolysis were increased, while lipid signatures were decreased. Genes involved in fatty acid oxidation were decreased at 8weeks but not 12 weeks while genes associated with glycolysis were significantly increased at 8weeks but not at 12 weeks. In this murine model of CKD, kidney fibrosis was associated with the accumulation of triglyceride and free lactate. There was an up-regulation of glycolytic enzymes and down-regulation of lipolytic enzymes. These metabolic changes reflect the energy demands associated with progressive kidney disease where there is a switch from fatty acid oxidation to that of glycolysis.

Five percent CO2 inhalation alleviates hippocampal glutamate and water homeostasis disturbance, neuronal damage, and learning‐memory impairment in sleep‐deprived rats

AbstractBackgroundSleep deprivation causes hippocampal injury, manifesting as neuronal damage and learning‐memory impairment. These negative effects may be associated with disturbance of hippocampal glutamate and water homeostasis, which induces excessive neuronal excitability. Five percent CO2 inhalation has been shown to suppress neuronal excitability. Here, we aimed to investigate whether 5% CO2 inhalation facilitates the recovery of hippocampal glutamate and water homeostasis, neuron morphology, and learning‐memory ability in sleep‐deprived rats.MethodsThirty‐six Sprague‐Dawley female rats were randomly divided into three groups including normal sleep (Group 1, NS, n = 12), sleep deprivation followed by sleep recovery (Group 2, SD+SR, n = 12), sleep deprivation followed by sleep recovery and 5% CO2 inhalation (Group 3, SD+SR+CO2, n = 12) by random number table. Each group was divided into two subgroups (n = 6 each subgroup) for different experiments randomly by random number table.ResultsWe found that 5% CO2 inhalation facilitated the recovery of hippocampal glutamate concentration (7.549 ± 0.310, 8.716 ± 0.463, and 7.493 ± 0.281 mmol/L at Days 1, 3, and 5 in Group 3, F2, 15 = 22.06, p &lt; 0.0001) and hippocampal apparent diffusion coefficient mean value (8.210 ± 0.274, 7.685 ± 0.171, 8.265 ± 0.269 at Days 1, 3, and 5 in Group 3, F2, 15 = 10.45, p = 0.0014), enhanced expression level of astrocyte‐specific membrane protein glutamate transporter‐1, promoted the polarized distribution of aquaporin 4, reduced hippocampal neuronal damage and improved learning‐memory ability in sleep‐deprived rats.ConclusionThis study showed that 5% CO2 inhalation can serve as a novel strategy for alleviating sleep deprivation‐induced hippocampal injury.

Transcriptome, histology, and enzyme activities analysis of liver in Phoxinus lagowskii to the low temperature stress and recovery

Assessing the response and resilience of fish to low temperatures over different time scales can provide valuable insights into their mechanisms of adaptation to cold conditions. Farmed Amur minnows (Phoxinus lagowskii) frequently encounter low temperatures, especially during winter. However, the specific responses of P. lagowskii to low-temperature stress remain largely unexplored. In this study, we examined serum glucose and cortisol levels, histological changes, enzymes associated with phosphate and carbohydrate metabolism, triglyceride levels, and liver transcriptomics under various conditions: control (CK), short-term cold exposure (6 days, SC), prolonged cold exposure (14 days, PC), and recovery (RY) from cold exposure at 2 °C. Liver vacuolation was observed during short-term cold exposure. Additionally, we analyzed the enzymatic activity related to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in serum and liver. Liver transcriptomic data revealed that the PPAR signaling pathway and autophagy-related genes were enriched during short-term cold exposure. Carbohydrate metabolism-related pathways, including the AMPK and MAPK signaling pathways, were significantly enriched after prolonged cold exposure. Metabolic pathways such as fat digestion and absorption, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism were significantly enriched in the recovery group. Rapid warming after prolonged cold stress allowed P. lagowskii to recover quickly. These findings suggest that P. lagowskii has a strong adaptive capacity for energy metabolism during prolonged cold exposure and the ability to recover rapidly from cold stress. A comprehensive examination of the histological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of P. lagowskii to low temperatures is crucial for developing effective strategies for cultivating this species in challenging environments.

Lead Acetate Provokes Poor Sperm Quality and Reduced Sperm Concentration in Male Wistars Rats

Background: Lead acetate, a toxic heavy metal, adversely affects male reproductive health in both humans and animals. However, its specific impact on sperm quality and concentration in Wistar rats remains understudied. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effects of lead acetate on sperm quality and concentration in male Wistar rats, assessing motility, viability, total sperm count, and morphology. Additionally, it evaluated whether a recovery period could mitigate these adverse effects. Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of 10 each: Control (1 mL/kg BW distilled water), Lead Acetate (60 mg/kg BW orally for 28 days), and Recovery (28 days lead acetate followed by 28 days distilled water). Sperm samples were assessed for various parameters. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA with significance set at P &lt; 0.05, using GraphPad Prism 8. Results: The lead acetate-exposed group (Group 2) showed significantly reduced sperm motility, viability, and total sperm count compared to the control group (Group 1). Additionally, Group 2 exhibited a higher incidence of sperm head abnormalities (P &lt; 0.05). The recovery group (Group 3) demonstrated some improvement in sperm parameters compared to Group 2, but these improvements were not statistically significant. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that exposure to lead acetate has a substantial negative impact on the capacity of sperm to move, survive, and reproduce in male Wistar rats.

Effect of collaborative nursing method based on RAM model on postoperative functional reconstruction, soft tissue pain and living quality in patients with femoral trochanter fracture

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of collaborative nursing based on Roy Adaptive Mode (RAM) on postoperative functional reconstruction, soft tissue pain and quality of life in patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture.MethodsA retrospective matched control method was used in this study. A total of 96 patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture admitted to our hospital from July 2018 to September 2021 were selected. According to different nursing methods, the patients were divided into a collaborative group and a routine group, with 48 cases in each group. Patients in both groups were treated with intramedullary nail surgery. The routine group was given routine perioperative nursing intervention, and the collaborative group was given collaborative nursing intervention on this basis. The hip function recovery and quality of life before and after the intervention were compared between the two groups. The preoperative and postoperative pain degree, and the perioperative complications of the two groups were recorded. Logistic multivariate regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the recovery of hip joint function in patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture after operation, thereby constructing a risk prediction model. ROC curve was used to analyze the clinical value of influencing factors in predicting postoperative hip function recovery in patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture.ResultsHarris score each dimension after intervention in the collaborative group was obviously higher than that of before intervention and the conventional group (P < 0.05). After intervention, the excellent and good rate of hip joint function the collaborative group was 83.33%, which was significantly higher than 60.42% in the routine group (P < 0.05). Postoperative VAS scores each time point in the collaborative group was obviously lower than that in the routine group (P < 0.05). After intervention, the scores of physiological function, physiological role, body pain and general health in the collaborative group were significantly higher than those in the routine group (P < 0.05). The incidence of complications in the collaborative group was 6.25%, which was significantly lower than 22.92% in the routine group (P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in age, preoperative ASA grade, internal fixation method, osteoporosis grade and perioperative nursing methods between the excellent hip recovery group and the poor hip recovery group (P < 0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that age, preoperative ASA grade, internal fixation method and osteoporosis grade were the risk factors affecting the recovery of hip joint function after operation, and perioperative nursing method was the protective factor (P < 0.05). Among the influencing factors, the internal fixation method and the grade of osteoporosis had certain clinical value in predicting the recovery of hip joint function in patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture after operation.ConclusionThe RAM model-based collaborative nursing method may effectively restore the hip joint function of patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture after operation, and may reduce the perioperative pain degree of patients, improve the quality of life of patients and reduce the incidence of complications, which can be popularized and applied in clinical practice. In addition, there are many factors influencing the recovery of hip joint function in patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture after operation, and targeted measures should be taken according to the influencing factors to improve the effect of intramedullary nail treatment.

Role of Doppler Trasonography in Predicting Recovery From Early Allograft Dysfunction in Liver Postoperative Patients

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to observe the recovery of liver function in patients with early allograft dysfunction (EAD) at one month postoperatively and explore whether early postoperative ultrasonic hemodynamic parameters can predict this outcome. MethodsPatients with EAD postoperatively, who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in our hospital from December 2012 to June 2021, were retrospectively collected. Based on the recovery of liver function within one month, patients were divided into two groups: the recovery group (FR-1M) and the non-recovery group (Non-FR-1M). Ultrasonic hemodynamic parameters within the first seven days postoperatively were compared between the two groups. ResultsAmong the 254 EAD patients included in this study, 158 (62%) patients recovered their liver function within one month. Of the 96 (38%) patients who did not recover, The RI of the non-FR-1M group was significantly lower than that of the FR-1M group on postoperative day 6 (POD6) and POD7. In the high resistance interval (RI all > 0.7), Group FR-1M represents a significant proportion (29/3, ratio 12/1), while in the low resistance interval (RI < 0.5 at least once), Group non-FR-1M accounts for a relatively high proportion (12/27, ratio 5/11). In the middle resistance interval (more than 1 time ≤ 0.7 and all ≥ 0.5), the proportions of the two groups are balanced (85/88, ratio 1/1). ConclusionLiver function typically recovers within 1 month in most patients with EAD. The high resistance state of the hepatic artery in the early postoperative period is illustrative an important role in its recovery. Low-resistance state is most unfavorable for the recovery of liver function.

Identification of Time-Series Pattern Marker in Its Application to Mortality Analysis of Pneumonia Patients in Intensive Care Unit.

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are a significant source of big data used to track health variables over time. The analysis of EHR data can uncover medical markers or risk factors, aiding in the diagnosis and monitoring of diseases. We introduce a novel method for identifying markers with various temporal trend patterns, including monotonic and fluctuating trends, using machine learning models such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). By applying our method to pneumonia patients in the intensive care unit using the MIMIC-III dataset, we identified markers exhibiting both monotonic and fluctuating trends. Specifically, monotonic markers such as red cell distribution width, urea nitrogen, creatinine, calcium, morphine sulfate, bicarbonate, sodium, troponin T, albumin, and prothrombin time were more frequently observed in the mortality group compared to the recovery group throughout the 10-day period before discharge. Conversely, fluctuating trend markers such as dextrose in sterile water, polystyrene sulfonate, free calcium, and glucose were more frequently observed in the mortality group as the discharge date approached. Our study presents a method for detecting time-series pattern markers in EHR data that respond differently according to disease progression. These markers can contribute to monitoring disease progression and enable stage-specific treatment, thereby advancing precision medicine.

Pre-operative spinal cord perfusion quantified by DSC MRI as a predictor of post-operative prognosis in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

This study aims to investigate the potential of preoperative blood supply condition measured by dynamic susceptibility contract (DSC) MRI in prediction of postoperative outcomes for patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). Thirty-nine patients (Age: 61 ± 7, male: 23, female: 16) with CSM who underwent laminoplasty were enrolled. All patients received DSC MRI before the operation. Five parameters include Enhance, rEnhance, full width at half maxima (FWHM), Slope1 and Slope2 in DSC MRI, were calculated at all the compressed spinal cord segments. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) scores. Patients were divided into two groups based on mJOA recovery rate of 5years: good recovery (> 50%) or poor recovery (≤ 50%). The difference between two groups were compared. The value of DSC MRI to CSM was evaluated by logistic and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. There were 26 patients in good recovery group and 13 patients in poor recovery group. The baseline characteristics, including age, gender, preoperative mJOA score, and smoking status showed no significant difference between the two groups (all p > 0.05). The FWHM was significantly higher in the poor recovery group (9.77 ± 2.78) compared to the good recovery group (6.64 ± 1.65) (p = 0.002). Logistic regression analysis indicated that an increased FWHM was a significant risk factor for poor prognosis recovery (p = 0.013, OR = 0.392, 95%CI: 0.187-0.822). The AUC of FWHM for ROC was 0.843 (95% CI: 0.710-0.975) with a p value of 0.001. In addition, an FWHM greater than 5.87, with a sensitivity of 92.3% and specificity of 69.2%, was found to be an independent risk factor for poor postoperative recovery in patients with CSM. In this study, we successfully quantified the spinal cord blood supply condition by DSC MRI technique. We found that an increase in FWHM was an independent risk factor for poor postoperative recovery in CSM patients. Specifically, patients with FWHM > 5.87 have a poor postoperative recovery.