Recovery Of Cu Research Articles

One-step synthesis of CDTA coated magnetic nanoparticles for selective removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solution

A novel 1,2-cyclohexylenedinitrilotetraacetic acid (CDTA) modified Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) was synthesized by one-step solvothermal method and used as solid phase extraction (SPE) material to preconcentrate trace copper coupled with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The synthesized adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction with a nanoscale. The optimum conditions for the absorption process were investigated on several commonly tested experimental parameters such as pH of the solution, ultrasound time, sample volume, concentration and volume of elution solution. The influences of some anions and cations on the recoveries of Cu(II) ions were also investigated, and no considerable interference was observed. The maximum adsorption capacity of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles and CDTA modified Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were found to be 27.50mg/g and 78.24mg/g for Cu(II). The developed method was applied to the determination of Cu(II) in tap and lake water samples with recoveries ranging from 96.4% to 99.1%.

Anoxybacillus sp. SO B1–Immobilized Amberlite XAD-16 for Solid-Phase Preconcentration of Cu(II) and Pb(II) and Their Determinations by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

ABSTRACTA new method for the determination of Cu(II) and Pb(II) by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) after preconcentrating on a column containing Anoxybacillus sp. SO B1–immobilized Amberlite XAD-16 was developed. The functional groups of Anoxybacillus sp. SO B1 immobilized on Amberlite XAD-16 were characterized in KBr tablets by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry. Various parameters such as pH, amount of the adsorbent, eluent type and volume, and flow rate of the sample solution were studied. The optimum pH values of quantitative sorption for Cu(II) and Pb(II) were found to be pH 7.0 and 5.0 and Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions could be quantitatively eluted with 5.0 ml of 1.0 mol L−1 HCI and 10.0 ml of 0.25 mol L−1 HNO3, respectively. Recoveries of Cu(II) and Pb(II) were found to be 100.9 ± 1.57% and 100.3 ± 0.49% (N = 5), the limits of detection of Cu(II) and Pb(II) in the determination by FAAS (3 s, N = 10) were found to be 0.8 and 1.6 μg L−1, respectively. The proposed enrichment method was applied for metal ion determination from water samples such as two parts of Tigris River water in Diyarbakır and Elazığ, Lake of Hazar in Elazığ, and tap water in Diyarbakır. Furthermore, the accuracy of the proposed method was verified by studying the analytical recovery and by analyzing certified reference material (NCS-DC 73350 leaves of poplar).

Recovery of Cu and Zn from Complex Sulphide Ore

Complex Sulphide Ores are often found to be a close mutual association with each other and with the nonmetallic gangue. The beneficiation experiments showed that it would be very difficult to recover Cu and Zn from the lean complex Sulphide ores using traditional ore beneficiation methods. In the present work, leaching of complex sulfide ores in sulfuric acid was investigated by the Electro hydrometallurgy process. The lab-scale experiments were conducted to investigate the influences of pulp-density, electrolyte concentration, particle size, current density and time on recovery of Cu and Zn. The leach liquor obtained after electrolysis was subjected to Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy analysis for the recovery of minerals.

Optimization of the leaching conditions of chalcopyrite concentrate using ammonium persulfate in an autoclave system

In this study, the leaching conditions of chalcopyrite concentrate with ammonium persulfate in a pressure reactor system were optimized using a central composite design (CCD). During decomposition of ammonium persulfate, the active oxygen formed can provide a high oxidation potential, acidic medium, and high pressure in a closed vessel for the direct leaching of chalcopyrite, which is a major advantage of this process over other leaching processes. The optimization criteria were defined to maximize copper extraction while minimizing iron extraction. The optimal leaching conditions were determined to be an ammonium persulfate concentration of 210 g/L, a leaching temperature of 388 K, and a reactor fullness ratio of 0.43; experiments were performed together with constant parameters including a leaching time of 180 min, stirring speed of 500 rpm, and liquid/solution ratio of 11 g/L. Under the optimal conditions, the recovery of Cu and Fe was 57.04% and 14.71%, respectively. The proposed quadratic model is in good agreement with the experimental data, exhibiting high correlation coefficients (R2) for the responses of both metals.

Extraction of copper from copper slag: Mineralogical insights, physical beneficiation and bioleaching studies

Copper slag was subjected to in-depth mineralogical characterization by integrated instrumental techniques and evaluated for the efficacy of physical beneficiation and mixed meso-acidophilic bioleaching tests towards recovery of copper. Point-to-point mineral chemistry of the copper slag is discussed in detail to give better insight into the association of copper in slag. Characterization studies of the representative sample revealed the presence of fayalite and magnetite along with metallic copper disseminated within the iron and silicate phases. Physical beneficiation of the feed slag (~0.6% Cu) in a 2 L working volume flotation cell using sodium isopropyl xanthate resulted in Cu beneficiation up to 2–4% and final recovery within 42–46%. On the other hand, a mixed meso-acidophilic bacterial consortium comprised of a group of iron and/or sulfur oxidizing bacteria resulted in enhanced recovery of Cu (~92–96%) from the slag sample. SEM characterization of the bioleached slag residue also showed massive coagulated texture with severe weathered structures. FE-SEM elemental mapping with EDS analysis indicated that the bioleached residues were devoid of copper.

Separation and preconcentration of Cu(II), Pb(II), Zn(II), Fe(III) and Cr(III) ions with coprecipitation method without carrier element and their determination in food and water samples

In this study, Cu(II), Pb(II), Zn(II), Fe(III) and Cr(III) were determined in some food and water samples after development 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP) coprecipitation procedure using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Effects of some analytical parameter including pH, sample volume, reagent amount, centrifuge rate and time, etc. on the presented coprecipitation system were studied for the quantitative recoveries of Cu(II), Pb(II), Zn(II), Fe(III) and Cr(III) ions. The influences of matrix ions were examined. The recovery values for analyte ions were calculated ⩾95%. The relative standard deviation was found 8.0% and the preconcentration factor was found as 25 for all analyte ions. The detection limits (k=3, N=21) were found to be as 0.80μgL−1 Cu(II), 3.08μgL−1 Pb(II), 0.28μgL−1 Zn(II), 0.91μgL−1 Fe(III) and 1.82μgL−1 Cr(III). NIST SRM 1515 Apple leaves and GBW-07605 Tea certified reference materials were used to confirm the accuracy of the method. The simultaneous coprecipitation method was applied to various water and microwave digested food samples.

A novel tetraethylenepentamine functionalized polymeric adsorbent for enhanced removal and selective recovery of heavy metal ions from saline solutions

A novel tetraethylenepentamine functionalized polymeric adsorbent with polymethacrylate–divinylbenzene as the substrate was facilely prepared for the enhanced removal and selective recovery of Cu(ii) and Ni(ii) from saline solutions.

Removal and Recovery of Cu and Pb from Single-Metal and Cu–Pb–Cd–Zn Multimetal Solutions by Modified Pyrite: Fixed-Bed Columns

Modified pyrite (MPy) with submicrometer particle sizes and porous polycrystalline structure, which was obtained by calcining pyrite, was used to remove and recover Cu, Pb, Cd, and Zn from the single- and multimetal fixed-bed columns. Results showed that the removal capacities of Cu and Pb were 77.42 and 73.68 mg/g MPy for single-metal solutions, and they were 30.79 and 10.86 mg/g MPy for the Cu–Pb–Cd–Zn multimetal solution. The Cu and Pb contents in the used MPy collected from the saturation zone of the single- and multimetal sorption columns were 17.4% and 15.37% and 6.8% and 2.5%, respectively, high enough to extract Cu and Pb from the used MPy particles by means of direct extractive metallurgy. This research shows that MPy is able to remove and recover Cu and Pb from wastewater even with the presence of Cd and Zn. Sequential extraction of the metals, XRD, and TEM analyses evidenced that the major mechanism for Cu and Pb removal by MPy was precipitation and dissolution reactions by formation of covellite and galena.

Simultaneous recovery of Ni and Cu from computer-printed circuit boards using bioleaching: Statistical evaluation and optimization

Computer printed circuit boards (CPCBs) have a rich metal content and are produced in high volume, making them an important component of electronic waste. The present study used a pure culture of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans to leach Cu and Ni from CPCBs waste. The adaptation phase began at 1g/l CPCBs powder with 10% inoculation and final pulp density was reached at 20g/l after about 80d. Four effective factors including initial pH, particle size, pulp density, and initial Fe3+ concentration were optimized to achieve maximum simultaneous recovery of Cu and Ni. Their interactions were also identified using central composite design in response surface methodology. The suggested optimal conditions were initial pH 3, initial Fe3+ 8.4g/l, pulp density 20g/l and particle size 95μm. Nearly 100% of Cu and Ni were simultaneously recovered under optimum conditions. Finally, bacterial growth characteristics versus time at optimum conditions were plotted.

Recovery Cu (II) dengan Teknik Ekstraksi Fasa Padat Menggunakan Adsorben Silika dari Abu Sekam Padi - Kitosan

Copper compounds are widely used in modern industry. Many of these compounds are dumped into the surrounding environment. Copper is toxic and able to cause some diseases. The aim of this study is to create solid phase from natural material that applied to the solid phase extraction method as an alternative method to decrease the level of copper from water bodies and able to preconcentrate Cu 2+ ions, reaching the detectable level. Silica from rice husk ash modified with chitosan result in an adsorbent that can improve the adsorption of Cu 2+ . Interaction of Cu 2+ with solid phase silica–chitosan is based on data of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The percentage recovery of Cu 2+ each the Cu 2+ concentration of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 ppm is 55.32%, 54.35% and 71.94%. The adsorbent has ability to adsorb Cu 2+ is 100%.

Sorption recovery of transition metals with dithiooxamidated polysiloxane

Effect of the acidity of the sorption solution on the recovery of Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Ag(I), and Pd(II) ions was studied for dithiooxamidated polysiloxanes with degrees of modification of 0.10 and 0.21. The constant acidity of the solution was maintained with ammonia, acetate, and ammonia-acetate buffer solutions. The optimal sorption conditions of metal ions from individual solutions were found. The distribution coefficients and pairwise selectivity coefficients were calculated for all the ions studied. It was fund on the basis of the selectivity coefficients that introduction of dithiooxamide groups into the structure of polysiloxane yields an effective sorbent for recovery of Pd(II) and Ag(I).

Green Preconcentration of Trace Amounts of Copper from Water and Food Samples onto Novel Organo-Nanoclay Prior to Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.

In this work, the nanoclay was intercalated with acyclovir (9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy) methyl] guanine), the toxicity of which to mammalian cells is very low. We used no organic solvents for preparation of modified clay and desorption of Cu ions from the sorbent. Batch and column methods were used, and sorption of Cu was quantitative (>98%) in the pH range of 7.5 to 10.0. Quantitative desorption occurred with 5.0 mL of 3.0 M HCl, and the amount of Cu(II) was measured by using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. In the initial solution the linear dynamic range and the LOD were 3.0-1000.0 and 0.58 μg/L, respectively. With 500.0 mL of sample, an enrichment factor of 100 was obtained. The RSD was 2.0% (n = 8, concentration = 0.5 mg/L), and the maximum capacity of the sorbent was 45.0 mg/g. The influence of experimental parameters including sample pH, ionic strength, type and volume of the eluent, and interference of some ions on the recoveries of Cu was investigated. The proposed method using a new and easier prepared solid sorbent was applied to the determination of Cu in different real samples with satisfactory results.

Enhancement mechanisms behind exclusive removal and selective recovery of copper from salt solutions with an aminothiazole-functionalized adsorbent

The aminothiazole-functionalized adsorbent (CEAD) could exclusively remove and to selectively recover copper. The adsorption and separation properties of Cu(II) onto CEAD from aqueous media, with or without salts such as NaNO3, Ca(NO3)2 and Ni(NO3)2, were systematically compared by carrying out single, binary and multiple component static and dynamic experiments. In binary systems, the adsorption capacities of Cu(II) were obviously increased by 39.47%, 47.37% and 57.89% with Ni(NO3)2, NaNO3 and Ca(NO3)2, respectively. Besides, simulation study was performed to selectively recover Cu(II) from multi-component aqueous media, with the separation factor of only 54.91 in aqueous media without salts. The separation factor became infinite in the presence of NaNO3 and the enhancement ratio for Cu(II) was raised by 126.31%. Dynamic adsorption could separate Cu(II) and Ni(II) completely and the amount of effluent for pure Ni(II) increased to 127 BV with the help of NaNO3. In the predominant chelating mode simulated by density functional theory calculation, a metal ion coordinated with three nitrogen atoms and formed a chelating complex with two five-membered rings, and Cu(II) showed stronger coordinating ability than Ni(II) did. Meanwhile, anions exerted significant beneficial effects by electrostatic screening, and thus strengthened the exclusive removal and selective recovery of Cu(II).

Solid-phase extraction of copper(II) in water and food samples using silica gel modified with bis(3-aminopropyl)amine and determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.

A simple and selective separation and preconcentration method was developed for the determination of Cu(ll) ions. This method is based on adsorption of Cu(ll) ions from aqueous solution on a bis(3-aminopropyl)amine modified silica gel column and flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination after desorption. Various analytical parameters such as pH, type of eluent solution and its volume, flow rate of sample and eluent, and sample volume were optimized. Effects of some cation, anion, and transition metal ions on the recoveries of Cu(ll) ions were also investigated. Cu(ll) ions were quantitatively recovered at pH 6; 5.0 mL of 2 M HCI was used as the eluent. The preconcentration factor was found to be 150. The LOD was 0.12 microg/L for Cu(ll). The accuracy of the method was confirmed by analysis of Tea Leaves (INCT-TL-1) and Fish Protein (DORM-3) certified reference materials. The optimized method was applied to various water and food samples for the determination of Cu(ll).

Research on the Flotation of Low Grade Copper-Nickle Ore

Effect of grinding fineness and inhibitors on mixed flotation of low copper and nickel were studied and a new nickel inhibitor YS was used in the process of separation of copper and nickel. The results indicated that the high-quality mixed concentrate with the recoveries of Cu and Ni 76% and 65.6% and the grade of Cu and Ni were 4.66% and 4.3%, respectively, was got under the condition of sodium silicate (200 g/t), CMC (200 g/t), copper sulphate200 g/t, amyl xanthate 100 g/t and pine oil 30 g/t with the grinding fineness of-0.074mm80%. Then, Qualified Cu concentrate with the grade26.65% and recovery 55.62%, Qualified Ni concentrate with the grade26.65% and recovery 55.62%, respectively, were got by using the new nickel inhibitor YS in the separation flotation of copper and nickel.

Performance and characterization of calcined colloidal pyrite used for copper removal from aqueous solutions in a fixed bed column

The aim of this study was to investigate the capacity and mechanism of a novel and cost-effective sorbent for copper (Cu) removal and recovery from wastewater. Calcined colloidal pyrite (CCPy) was prepared by calcining natural colloidal pyrite mineral in a N2 atmosphere. Cu2+ removal from aqueous solutions by using iron sulfides was investigated with fixed-bed column experiments. Results show that CCPy was much more efficient in Cu2+ removal than other three iron sulfide sorbents (natural pyrite, colloidal pyrite, and pyrrhotite). When the influent Cu2+ concentration was 1.56mmol/L and Cu2+ breakthrough concentration was 0.0078mmol/L, the throughput volume of the CCPy column was up to 1672 bed volumes (BV); the sorption amount at breakthrough was 84mgCu/g CCPy. The maximum Cu content in the used CCPy sorbent was up to 20%, which is much higher than the grades of industrial Cu ore (0.4–2.8%), indicating that CCPy can be used as an effective sorbent for the recovery of Cu2+ from wastewater. Copper specification analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) show that Cu removal by CCPy was mainly due to the formation of covellite on the CCPy's surface. The CCPy sorbent has advantages over chemical precipitation and other sorbents due to the recovery of Cu from wastewater, cheap raw material for manufacturing this sorbent, and prevention of hazardous sludge generation.

Maize tassel-modified carbon paste electrode for voltammetric determination of Cu(II)

The preparation and application of a practical electrochemical sensor for environmental monitoring and assessment of heavy metal ions in samples is a subject of considerable interest. In this paper, a carbon paste electrode modified with maize tassel for the determination of Cu(II) has been proposed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to study morphology and identify the functional groups on the modified electrode, respectively. First, Cu(II) was adsorbed on the carbon paste electrode surface at open circuit and voltammetric techniques were used to investigate the electrochemical performances of the sensor. The electrochemical sensor showed an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards Cu(II) at pH5.0 and by increasing the amount of maize tassel biomass, a maximum response at 1:2.5 (maize tassel:carbon paste; w/w) was obtained. The electrocatalytic redox current of Cu(II) showed a linear response in the range (1.23μM to 0.4mM) with the correlation coefficient of 0.9980. The limit of detection and current-concentration sensitivity were calculated to be 0.13 (±0.01) μM and 0.012 (±0.001) μA/μM, respectively. The sensor gave good recovery of Cu(II) in the range from 96.0 to 98.0% when applied to water samples.

Synthesis of Commercial Products from Copper Wire-Drawing Waste

Copper powder and copper sulfate pentahydrate were obtained from copper wire-drawing scale. The hydrometallurgical recycling process proposed in this article yields a high-purity copper powder and analytical grade copper sulfate pentahydrate. In the first stage of this process, the copper is dissolved in sulfuric acid media via dismutation of the scale. In the second stage, copper sulfate pentahydrate is precipitated using ethanol. Effects such as pH, reaction times, stirring speed, initial copper concentration, and ethanol/solution volume ratio were studied during the precipitation from solution reaction. The proposed method is technically straightforward and provides efficient recovery of Cu from wire-drawing scale.

Apelin-12 and its structural analog enhance antioxidant defense in experimental myocardial ischemia and reperfusion.

This study investigated the effects of peptide apelin-12 (H-Arg-Pro-Arg-Leu-Ser-His-Lys-Gly-Pro-Met-Pro-Phe-OH, A12) and its novel structural analog (H-(NαMe)Arg-Pro-Arg-Leu-Ser-His-Lys-Gly-Pro-Nle-Pro-Phe-OH, AI) on myocardial antioxidant enzyme activities, lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species formation in ex vivo and in vivo models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Isolated working rat hearts were subjected to global ischemia and reperfusion. Infusion of 140 μM A12 or AI before global ischemia improved cardiac function recovery; increased the activity of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px); decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content in reperfused heart; and reduced the formation of hydroxyl radical adduct of the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide in the myocardial effluent during early reperfusion compared with these indices in control. Anesthetized open-chest rats were subjected to the left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion and coronary reperfusion. Peptide A12 or its analog AI was injected intravenously at the onset of reperfusion at a dose of 0.35 μmol/kg. Treatment with A12 or AI significantly limited infarct size and reduced the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase MB isoenzyme in blood plasma at the end of reperfusion compared with control. These effects were accompanied by complete recovery of Cu,Zn SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities; and decrease in MDA content in the area at risk by the end of reperfusion. The study concluded that C-terminal fragment of native peptide apelin-12 and its synthesized analog is involved in the upregulation of cardiac antioxidant defense systems and attenuation of lipid peroxidation in myocardial I/R injury.

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A simple, reliable and rapid method for preconcentration and modification of Graphene with N,N disalicylideneethylenediamine in order to prepare an effective sorbent for the preconcentration and determination of copper. The sorption capacity of N,N -disalicylideneethylenediamine -modified Graphene was 50 mg.g -1 and the optimum pH for the quantitative recovery of copper was found as 5.3. The optimum flow rate, sorbent amount and sample volume were 1.0 mL.min -1 , 300 mg and 50 mL, respectively. 5 mL of 4 mol.L -1 HNO3 was the most suitable eluent. The recommended method is simple and reliable for the determination of copper without any notable matrix effect and successfully applied to environmental water samples. The limit of detection of the proposed method is 4.6ng per mL. The method was applied to the extraction and recovery of Cu(II) in different water samples. In this method is relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) of 0.7%.