Suppression Of Recombination Research Articles

Hydrophobic 4-(isopropylbenzyl)oxy-substituted metallophthalocyanines as a dopant-free hole selective material for high-performance and moisture-stable perovskite solar cells

Dopant-free hole-transporting materials (HTMs) are necessary to overcome the instability for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) originating from conventional HTMs such as spiro-OMeTAD requiring hygroscopic dopants for future commercialization. Herein, a series of dopant-free HTMs based on peripherally 4-(isopropylbenzyl)oxy-substituted phthalocyanines with different core metals (EG-pZn1, EG-pCu1, and EG-pNi1) are designed and introduced as a hole-transport layer in PSCs for the first time. The introduction of hydrophobic bulky 4-(isopropylbenzyl)oxy moieties to the phthalocyanine structure favors excellent moisture-resistant effect, and good solubility, as well as suppression of charge recombination in PSCs. Three HTMs-based cells afford an impressive efficiency of 17.60% (EG-pNi1), 16.45% (EG-pCu1), and 15.83% (EG-pZn1) with the character of hysteresis-free. More importantly, while EG-pNi1 and EG-pCu1 HTL-based devices can effectively protect perovskite film from moisture which degraded to only 10% of its initial efficiency under humidity level (60–65%) after a period of 20 days, unexpectedly, ∼30% loss of initial efficiency has been observed in EG-pZn1 HTM based devices under the same conditions. Furthermore, EG-pNi1-based devices also show excellent thermal stability, maintaining 95% initial efficiency after aging for 20 days at 85 °C. These results demonstrate the role of peripherally substituted hydrophobic 4-(isopropylbenzyl)oxy group in HTMs on photovoltaic performance and moisture-/thermal-stability of PSCs and its potential in reasonable and effective ways of industrial commercialization of PSCs.

Simultaneous Suppression of p-Doping and Nonradiative Recombination via Barium Incorporation for Highly Efficient Tin Perovskites.

High p-type self-doping and fast nonradiative recombination severely limit the optoelectronic performance of tin perovskites. Employing first-principles calculations, we show that incorporating barium (Ba) into the prototypical tin perovskite CsSnI3 could enable simultaneous suppression of p-doping and nonradiative recombination. Ba acts as an energetically favorable donor and raises the Fermi level. This not only decreases the background hole concentration but also inhibits the formation of I vacancies that are the dominant nonradiative recombination centers, giving rise to an improvement of more than 2 orders of magnitude in carrier lifetime. Moreover, as the facile migration of I ions is basically a process assisted by I vacancies, Ba incorporation also suppresses the diffusion of I ions, which is beneficial to the enhancement of stability. The present study provides a promising strategy for developing high-performance tin perovskites.

Genomic features of meiotic crossovers in diploid potato.

Meiotic recombination plays an important role in genome evolution and crop improvement. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the most important tuber crop in the world, but research about meiotic recombination in potato is limited. Here, we resequenced 2163F2 clones derived from five different genetic backgrounds and identified 41 945 meiotic crossovers. Some recombination suppression in euchromatin regions was associated with large structural variants. We also detected five shared crossover hotspots. The number of crossovers in each F2 individual from the accession Upotato 1 varied from 9 to 27, with an average of 15.5, 78.25% of which were mapped within 5kb of their presumed location. We show that 57.1% of the crossovers occurred in gene regions, with poly-A/T, poly-AG, AT-rich, and CCN repeats enriched in the crossover intervals. The recombination rate is positively related with gene density, SNP density, Class II transposon, and negatively related with GC density, repeat sequence density and Class I transposon. This study deepens our understanding of meiotic crossovers in potato and provides useful information for diploid potato breeding.

Defect and doping concentration study with series and shunt resistance influence on graphene modified perovskite solar cell: A numerical investigation in SCAPS-1D framework

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have the potential to be highly efficient, low-cost next-generation solar cells. By raising open circuit voltage (Voc), the interfacial recombination kinetics can further improve device performance. In this study, we used simulation concept to elucidate the influence of using graphene as a surface passivation material in perovskite solar cells. Graphene works well as an interlayer to promote hole extraction and reduce interfacial recombination. In order to evaluate the effect of graphene in PSCs, the simulation was done in the SCAPS-1D framework to compare the performance of a device with and without graphene. Three interface layers were included to the model: TiO2/MAPbI3, MAPbI3/Graphene, and Graphene/Spiro-OMeTAD, in order to account for the impacts of interface defect density on device performance. The impacts of absorber doping concentration, absorber defect density, ETL doping concentration, HTL doping concentration, series resistance, and shunt resistance were also evaluated for the modelled PSC. Without any optimization, the control device with power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.677% was outperformed by the graphene-modified device with PCE of 20.911%. This difference is mostly due to the lower recombination losses and more effective suppression of interfacial non-radiative recombination. With optimization, the modified graphene-based device has a PCE of 26.667%. This result shows an enhancement of ∼1.28 times over that of the pristine graphene-based device. The outcomes have opened the way for the development of cost-effective and comparable state-of-the-art, high-efficiency perovskite solar cells with graphene interlayer by eliminating defects and managing non-radiative recombination.

Record indoor performance of organic photovoltaics with long-term stability enabled by self-assembled monolayer-based interface management

Though with the advent of the Internet-of-Things state-of-the-art organic photovoltaic (OPV) systems for harnessing indoor light energy have successfully been developed; however, the practical use of OPVs is limited owing to their low power conversion efficiency (PCE) and marginal understanding on the charge dynamics of OPVs under dim indoor lights. Herein, a record-high performance in indoor OPV system is secured by combining a 2-(9 H-carbazol-9-yl) phosphonic acid (2PACz)-processed indium tin oxide (ITO) and a 2PACz-mixed photoactive layer. Charge carrier dynamics of the 2PACz-mixed photoactive layer are systematically investigated to develop efficient indoor OPVs. Spontaneous vertical phase separation of photoreactive layers with 2PACz forms a vertical component distribution and dramatically improves carrier yield-mobility product which yields suppression of trap-assisted recombination and leaking current in the indoor OPVs. Also, phosphonic acid groups-based 2PACz-treated ITO leads to induce a sufficiently large work function owing to a vacuum-level shift, thereby enabling efficient energy-level matching to achieve charge selection enhancement at the hole-selective interface. The champion OPV (∼ 36% PCE under indoor lights) system maintains 95% of its initial efficiency after 1000 h of operation in ambient air. Our findings highlight the tremendous potential of indoor OPVs for simultaneously achieving high efficiency and ambient shelf-lifetime.

Precursor Engineering of Lead Acetate-Based Precursors for High-Open-Circuit Voltage Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells.

Wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskites have great potential for inclusion in efficient tandem solar cells, but large open-circuit voltage losses have limited device performance to date. Here, we show that a high-quality WBG perovskite, FA0.83Cs0.17Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3, with enlarged grain sizes and improved crystallinity can be achieved by incorporating lead chloride (PbCl2) into a lead acetate (PbAc2)-based precursor. The improved film quality resulted in the suppression of nonradiative recombination and a reduction in defect density. Efficient WBG perovskite solar cells (1.66 eV) with an efficiency of 19.3% and a high Voc of 1.22 V were fabricated using a facile one-step spin-coating method without the need for an antisolvent. Notably, the unencapsulated devices retained 90% of their initial power conversion efficiency after storage in a dry box (10% humidity) for 800 h.

Methylammonium halide salt interfacial modification of perovskite quantum dots/triple-cation perovskites enable efficient solar cells

Perovskite solar cells (PeSCs) have been introduced as a new photovoltaic device due to their excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE) and low cost. However, due to the limitations of the perovskite film itself, the existence of defects was inevitable, which seriously affects the number and mobility of carriers in perovskite solar cells, thus restricting PeSCs improved efficiency and stability. Interface passivation to improve the stability of perovskite solar cells is an important and effective strategy. Here, we use methylammonium halide salts (MAX, X = Cl, Br, I) to effectively passivate defects at or near the interface of perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs)/triple-cation perovskite films. The MAI passivation layer increased the open circuit voltage of PeQDs/triple-cation PeSC by 63 mV up to 1.04 V, with a high short-circuit current density of 24.6 mA cm−2 and a PCE of 20.4%, which demonstrated a significant suppression of interfacial recombination.

Development and application of redox active GO supported CeO2/In2O3 nanocomposite for photocatalytic degradation of toxic dyes and electrochemical detection of sulfamaxole

In the current study, we reported the hydrothermal fabrication of graphene oxide supported In2O3/CeO2 ternary nanocomposite for enhanced photodegradation of two dyes and electrochemical sensing of antibiotic, sulfamaxole. The synthesised nanocomposites were characterized by several physical and analytical techniques, confirming the successful anchorage of In2O3/CeO2 on the conjugated network of graphene oxide (GO). The photocatalytic efficiency of the prepared nanocomposite was examined with the degradation of two textile dyes, Congo red (CR) and methylene blue (MB) in presence of visible light. The photocatalytic performance was seen to increase with the decoration of redox active binary nanocomposite on the conjugated network of GO which has showed maximum degradation of 94% in 130 min and 95% in 91 min for CR and MB respectively. Moreover, electrochemical and electroanalytical activity of the composite advocated excellent response towards detection of the sulfa drug, sulfamaxole. The proposed sensor platform exhibited quick response with excellent sensitivity (4.635 µA mM−1 cm−2), efficient charge transfer and a lower detection limit (0.036 µM). Additionally, the sensor system demonstrated excellent stability, good reproducibility and selective performance with little loss in activity. The increased degradation and excellent redox behaviour of composite nanostructure can be ascribed to increased photon absorption, efficient charge transfer across the interfaces and suppression of charge recombination. It is pertinent to mention that current study has paved the way to design multifunctional catalysts for mitigating the contamination legacy of persistent pollutants.

Recombination Hotspots in Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.

Recombination allows for the exchange of genetic material between two parents which plant breeders exploit to make improved cultivars. This recombination is not distributed evenly across the chromosome. Recombination mostly occurs in euchromatic regions of the genome and even then, recombination is focused into clusters of crossovers termed recombination hotspots. Understanding the distribution of these hotspots along with the sequence motifs associated with them may lead to methods that enable breeders to better exploit recombination in breeding. To map recombination hotspots and identify sequence motifs associated with hotspots in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], two bi-parental recombinant inbred lines populations were genotyped with the SoySNP50k Illumina Infinium assay. A total of 451 recombination hotspots were identified in the two populations. Despite being half-sib populations, only 18 hotspots were in common between the two populations. While pericentromeric regions did exhibit extreme suppression of recombination, twenty-seven percent of the detected hotspots were located in the pericentromeric regions of the chromosomes. Two genomic motifs associated with hotspots are similar to human, dog, rice, wheat, drosophila, and arabidopsis. These motifs were a CCN repeat motif and a poly-A motif. Genomic regions spanning other hotspots were significantly enriched with the tourist family of mini-inverted-repeat transposable elements that resides in less than 0.34% of the soybean genome. The characterization of recombination hotspots in these two large soybean bi-parental populations demonstrates that hotspots do occur throughout the soybean genome and are enriched for specific motifs but their locations may not be conserved between different populations.

Titania nanorods array homojunction with sub-stoichiometric TiO2 for enhanced methylene blue photodegradation

TiO2 thin films are known to promote photodegradation of dyes and pollutants in water solution via heterogeneous photocatalysis. This ability is guided by the photoexcitation through photons having energies above the band gap. To improve photocatalytic activity, nanostructures with high surface area can be applied, which can ease molecular adsorption/desorption mechanisms, enhance electronic transfer properties and lower excitation energy. For this purpose, square cross-section TiO2 vertically aligned nanorod (TNR) array configuration has been chosen as a semiconductor substrate. On top of it, a thin layer of sub-stoichiometric TiO2−x has been deposited, aiming at inducing a vacancy doped homojunction between two different oxygen rich/deficient TiO2 layers, possibly leading to lower band gap and enhanced photochemical activity. In principle, promotion of electron and holes separation and suppression of charge recombination could occur. Vertically aligned TNRs have been deposited through a hydrothermal growth in acidic conditions on a pre-seeded glass conducting substrate, optimizing the seeding process through spin coating. Sub-stoichiometric TiO2−x layer (50 nm nominal thickness) has been deposited on top of TNRs via radiofrequency magnetron sputtering at three different stoichiometries, tuning the oxygen partial pressure in sputtering argon atmosphere at 10 %, 15 % and 20 %, respectively. Photocatalytic activity has been investigated in the photodegradation of an aqueous solution of methylene blue, both under UV and simulated solar light irradiation at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, resulting in the degradation of methylene blue target molecule up to 99 % under UV and 85 % under simulated solar irradiation after 6 h. These promising achievements unlock new environmental applications for enhanced dye degradation industrial processes.

Photocatalytic Performances and Antifouling Efficacies of Alternative Marine Coatings Derived from Polymer/Metal Oxides (WO3@TiO2)-Based Composites

This work concerns development of alternative antifouling paints for marine applications using composite metal oxides derived from TiO2 and WO3. Composite metal oxides with a variety of tungsten content were prepared via a sol–gel process using titanium isopropoxide and sodium tungstate dihydrate as the precursors. The crystalline phase, bandgap energy, morphology, surface structure, and electronic states of the synthesized products were then characterized and confirmed by XPS, XRD, UV/Vis spectroscopy, SEM-EDX, and TEM techniques. Photocatalytic performance polymer film loaded with composite metal oxides containing 10% by mole of WO3 (10%WO3@TiO2) was confirmed both under UV irradiation and in the dark. The results are discussed in light of oxygen vacancies and the presence of heterojunctions between the TiO2 and WO3 domains in the composites, which eventually lead to suppression of charges recombination. Finally, antifouling and the antimicrobial efficacy of the polymer film loaded with composite metal oxide particles (10%WO3@TiO2) were evaluated under static marine immersion conditions using Zobell Marine agar. After 30 days, the percentage fouling coverage (16.35%), colonies number (CFU value 12 × 103), and percentage reduction of colonies (92.94%), were obtained, which significantly outperformed those of the control (the bare substrate).

PilE G-Quadruplex Is Recognized and Preferentially Bound but Not Processed by the MutL Endonuclease from Neisseria gonorrhoeae Mismatch Repair Pathway

The human pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae uses a homologous recombination to undergo antigenic variation and avoid an immune response. The surface protein pilin (PilE) is one of the targets for antigenic variation that can be regulated by N. gonorrhoeae mismatch repair (MMR) and a G-quadruplex (G4) located upstream of the pilE promoter. Using bioinformatics tools, we found a correlation between pilE variability and deletion of DNA regions encoding ngMutS or ngMutL proteins, the main participants in N. gonorrhoeae methyl-independent MMR. To understand whether the G4 structure could affect the ngMutL-mediated regulation of pilin antigenic variation, we designed several synthetic pilE G4-containing oligonucleotides, differing in length, and related DNA duplexes. Using CD measurements and biochemical approaches, we have showed that (i) ngMutL preferentially binds to pilE G4 compared to DNA duplex, although the latter is a cognate substrate for ngMutL endonuclease, (ii) protein binding affinity decreases with shortening of quadruplex-containing and duplex ligands, (iii) the G4 structure inhibits ngMutL-induced DNA nicking and modulates cleavage positions; the enzyme does not cleave DNA within G4, but is able to bypass this noncanonical structure. Thus, pilE G4 may regulate the efficiency of pilin antigenic variation by quadruplex binding to ngMutL and suppression of homologous recombination.

High-density linkage maps detail sex-specific regions of suppressed recombination near fusions of polymorphic chromosomes in purebred and hybrid North American Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.).

The North American (NA) Atlantic salmon typically has 27 pairs of chromosomes, whereas the European (EU) subspecies typically has 29. We investigated within-family recombination within three previously identified chromosome rearrangements (Ssa01p/23, Ssa08/29, and Ssa26/28) in NA Atlantic salmon by creating high-density linkage maps using a custom 50K SNP chip developed for the Saint John River aquaculture strain. Linkage maps created for individual purebred and EU hybrid parents in 10 full-sibling families averaged 14 337 SNPs per cross, covering 43 033 SNPs from the 50K SNP chip. Chromosomal translocation Ssa01p/23 was fixed except in one hybrid female map. In contrast, fusion Ssa08/29 was present in maps in 4 out of 10 females and 8 out of 10 males, whereas fusion Ssa26/28 was present in maps in 6 out of 10 females and 8 out of 10 males. The orientation of Ssa08/29 differed from the previous map; the short arm of the metacentric Ssa08 was fused to the centromere of the acrocentric Ssa29. We detected large regions of recombination suppression in female maps at the fusion of Ssa08 to Ssa29. This suppression may reduce the impacts of aneuploidy resulting from pairing of fused and unfused chromosomes, thereby allowing the persistence of chromosomal polymorphisms in this population.

Defect recombination suppression and carrier extraction improvement for efficient CsPbBr3/SnO2 heterojunction photodetectors

Perovskite materials with excellent optical and electronic properties have huge potential in the research field of photodetectors. Constructing heterojunctions and promoting carrier transportation are significant for the development of perovskite-based optoelectronics devices with high performances. Herein, we demonstrated a CsPbBr3/SnO2 heterojunction photodetector and improved the device performances through post-annealing treatment of SnO2 film. The results indicated that the electrical properties of SnO2 films will make an important impact on carrier extraction, especially for type-II heterojunction. As the electrons transfer layer in CsPbBr3/SnO2 type-II heterojunction, defects related to oxygen vacancy should be the key factor to affect carrier concentration, induce carriers’ limitation and recombination rate. Under proper annealing temperature for SnO2 layer, the recombination rate can decrease to 1.37 × 1021 cm3 s and the spectral responsivity will be highly increased. This work can enhance the understanding on the photoresponse of perovskite photodetectors, and will be helpful for the further optimization and design of optoelectronic devices based on the perovskite heterojunction.

Reaction Site Designation by Intramolecular Electric Field in Tröger's-Base-Derived Conjugated Microporous Polymer for Near-Unity Selectivity of CO2 Photoconversion.

To facilitate solar-driven overall CO2 and H2 O convsersion into fuels and O2 , a series of covalent microporous polymers derived from Tröger's base are synthesized featuring flexural backbone and unusual charge-transfer properties. The incorporation of rigid structural twist Tröger's base unit grants the polymers enhanced microporosity and CO2 adsorption/activation capacity. Density function theory calculations and photo-electrochemical analyses reveal that an electric dipole moment (from negative to positive) directed to the Tröger's base unit is formed across two obliquely opposed molecular fragments and induces an intramolecular electric field. The Tröger's base unit located at folding point becomes an electron trap to attract photogenerated electrons in the molecular network, which brings about suppression of carrier recombination and designates the reaction site in synergy with the conjugated network. In response to the discrepancy in reaction pathways across the reaction sites, the product allocation in the catalytic reaction is thereby regulated. Optimally, CMP-nTB achieves the highest photocatalytic CO production of 163.53µmol g-1 h-1 with approximately unity selectivity, along with H2 O oxidation to O2 in the absence of any photosensitizer or co-catalyst. This work provides new insight for developing specialized artificial organic photocatalysts.

The transcribed centromeric gene OsMRPL15 is essential for pollen development in rice.

Centromeres consist of highly repetitive sequences that are challenging to map, clone, and sequence. Active genes exist in centromeric regions, but their biological functions are difficult to explore owing to extreme suppression of recombination in these regions. In this study, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to knock out the transcribed gene Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein L15 (OsMRPL15), located in the centromeric region of rice (Oryza sativa) chromosome 8, resulting in gametophyte sterility. Osmrpl15 pollen was completely sterile, with abnormalities appearing at the tricellular stage including the absence of starch granules and disrupted mitochondrial structure. Loss of OsMRPL15 caused abnormal accumulation of mitoribosomal proteins and large subunit rRNA in pollen mitochondria. Moreover, the biosynthesis of several proteins in mitochondria was defective, and expression of mitochondrial genes was upregulated at the mRNA level. Osmrpl15 pollen contained smaller amounts of intermediates related to starch metabolism than wild-type pollen, while biosynthesis of several amino acids was upregulated, possibly to compensate for defective mitochondrial protein biosynthesis and initiate consumption of carbohydrates necessary for starch biosynthesis. These results provide further insight into how defects in mitoribosome development cause gametophyte male sterility.

Photoionization and Electron–Ion Recombination in Astrophysical Plasmas

Photoionization and its inverse, electron–ion recombination, are key processes that influence many astrophysical plasmas (and gasses), and the diagnostics that we use to analyze the plasmas. In this review we provide a brief overview of the importance of photoionization and recombination in astrophysics. We highlight how the data needed for spectral analyses, and the required accuracy, varies considerably in different astrophysical environments. We then discuss photoionization processes, highlighting resonances in their cross-sections. Next we discuss radiative recombination, and low and high temperature dielectronic recombination. The possible suppression of low temperature dielectronic recombination (LTDR) and high temperature dielectronic recombination (HTDR) due to the radiation field and high densities is discussed. Finally we discuss a few astrophysical examples to highlight photoionization and recombination processes.

Ethylenediamine Vapors‐Assisted Surface Passivation of Perovskite Films for Efficient Inverted Solar Cells

Defects present at the surface or within the bulk of halide perovskites act as a barrier to charge transfer/transport, induce nonradiative recombination thereby limit open‐circuit voltage (VOC), and accelerate degradation in the perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Passivation of these defects at surfaces, interfaces, and grain boundaries to suppress the charge recombination is therefore imperative to improving photovoltaic performance in the PSCs. Herein, a facile posttreatment of perovskite surface by ethylenediamine (EDA) via mixed solvent vapor annealing method is reported. The results show that only a trace amount of EDA causes significant suppression of nonradiative recombination leading to over 100 mV increased VOC and ≈22% improvement in power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the inverted PSCs. The key reasons for this improvement are an upward shift in the Fermi energy level, reduced lattice strain and Urbach energy, and reduction in nonradiative recombination upon EDA passivation. These lead to a PCE exceeding 20% up from 16% for a nonpassivated film. The unencapsulated EDA‐modified PSCs also demonstrate an improved shelf‐life and retain 87% of the initial PCE after 850 h.

Heterochiasmy and Sex Chromosome Evolution in Silene

The evolution of a non-recombining sex-specific region is a key step in sex chromosome evolution. Suppression of recombination between the (proto-) X- and Y-chromosomes in male meiosis creates a non-recombining Y-linked region (NRY), while the X-chromosome continues to recombine in females. Lack of recombination in the NRY defines its main properties-genetic degeneration and accumulation of repetitive DNA, making X and Y chromosomes very different from each other. How and why recombination suppression on sex chromosomes evolves remains controversial. A strong difference in recombination rates between the sexes (heterochiasmy) can facilitate or even cause recombination suppression. In the extreme case-complete lack of recombination in the heterogametic sex (achiasmy)-the entire sex-specific chromosome is automatically non-recombining. In this study, I analyse sex-specific recombination rates in a dioecious plant Silene latifolia (Caryophyllaceae), which evolved separate sexes and sex chromosomes ~11 million years ago. I reconstruct high-density RNAseq-based genetic maps including over five thousand genic markers for the two sexes separately. The comparison of the male and female maps reveals only modest heterochiasmy across the genome, with the exception of the sex chromosomes, where recombination is suppressed in males. This indicates that heterochiasmy likely played only a minor, if any, role in NRY evolution in S. latifolia, as recombination suppression is specific to NRY rather than to the entire genome in males. Other mechanisms such as structural rearrangements and/or epigenetic modifications were likely involved, and comparative genome analysis and genetic mapping in multiple Silene species will help to shed light on the mechanism(s) of recombination suppression that led to the evolution of sex chromosomes.

Efficient Environment‐friendly Lead‐free Tin Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Incorporating 4‐Fluorobenzylammonium Iodide Additives

Development of tin (Sn)‐based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) largely lags behind that of lead counterparts due to fast crystallization process of Sn perovskite and numerous defects in both bulk and surface of Sn perovskite films. Herein, this work reports a facile strategy of introducing 4‐fluorobenzylammonium iodide (FBZAI) as additives into Sn perovskite precursor to synergistically modulate the roles of benzylamine and fluorine in Sn‐based PSCs. Incorporation of FBZAI can increase crystallinity, passivate defects, and inhibit the oxidation of Sn2+, leading to suppression of nonradiative recombination and enhancement of charge transport and collection in devices. As a result, the best‐performing Sn‐based PSC with the FBZAI additive achieves the maximum PCE of 13.85% with the enhanced fill factor of 77.8% and open‐circuit voltage of 0.778 V. Our unencapsulated device exhibits good stability by maintaining 95% of its initial PCE after 160 days of storage.