Ukraine In Recent Years Research Articles

FACTORS OF IMPACT ON FINANCIAL SECURITY OF HOUSEHOLDS IN CONDITIONS OF PANDEMIC CRISIS

Today, households are the basis of the state's economic system, an important source of investment resources, a key factor in the formation of effective demand, which is the key to the successful operation of economic entities and the formation of state and local budgets. At the same time, during the pandemic crisis, many households found themselves in a difficult situation due to rising unemployment, declining incomes, and the emergence of additional medical expenses. Therefore, the financial security issues of households have become particularly relevant and require immediate solutions both at the level of the household and the state as a whole. The purpose of this work is to study the essence of financial security of the household and the factors that affect it, the development of modern theoretical and methodological approaches to assessing the level of financial security of households and finding effective ways to ensure it. The article analyzed the general situation of households in Ukraine in recent years and found that their number is gradually declining due to general negative demographic processes and the loss of part of the territory. The analysis of recent research and publications on the financial security of households has allowed to systematize the approaches of various authors to the definition of this concept and its content and form their own vision of its essence. The place of the household in the system of relations with other economic entities was determined, which is a prerequisite for its successful functioning and development. As a result of the study, external and internal factors influencing households' financial security in the current conditions of the pandemic crisis were identified. A dynamic analysis of the nominal GDP per household, the ratio of deposit rates, and inflation over the past few years. According to the leading rating agencies, the quality of life of the population of Ukraine was analyzed. The internal factors influencing the financial security of households were also studied, such as level of education, financial literacy, qualification, the level of economic activity of the household, the level of rational use of resources. As a result, it was determined that most of the factors considered hurt the financial security of households, which has increased in a pandemic.

Сучасні підходи до оцінювання енергоефективності національної економіки

The article notes that energy efficiency cannot simply be a vague and ambiguous concept that does not have accurate assessment methods. It should have clear measurements and evaluation methods. When the question arises as to measuring or evaluating, the lack of a clear definition of energy efficiency can cause the results to differ and it will be difficult to compare them depending on the needs or objectives. So the need to develop an accurate and unified definition of energy efficiency, as well as its classification and development of measurement methods is highlighted. It is emphasized that highly developed countries of the world have significant experience in achieving a high level of energy efficiency of national economies, but they also do not currently have developed a unified system of energy efficiency indicators at the national level, methods for their assessment and analysis. The energy intensity of GDP is almost the only universal instrument by which international and regional comparisons of energy efficiency levels of national economies are possible. It is shown that in recent years in Ukraine there has been a clear tendency to reduce the energy intensity of the national economy in almost all spheres. The State Agency on Energy Efficiency and Energy Saving of Ukraine has developed tables of primary data and a methodology for calculating energy efficiency indicators of the Ukrainian economy. Primary data and calculation indicators are formed by such sectors as industry, transport, housing, agriculture, services. The article shows that recent methods for evaluating energy efficiency based on modeling the efficiency limit, namely, DEA and SFA models, have become a popular tool for evaluating energy efficiency. Despite a number of its advantages, the DEA method does not take into account statistical noise. In contrast to DEA models, SFA models use the Shepard distance function to determine the energy efficiency index and take into account statistical noise.

ОСНОВНІ ШЛЯХИ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ У СФЕРІ ЕКОНОМІКИ

The article examines the issues of digitalization of public administration in the field of economics. It is shown that the structure of public administration can be considered as a closed information circuit, information processing which requires modern technical and software solutions. ICT allows for the rapid collection, processing, analysis of data, transfer between different levels of management and, thus, facilitate the adoption of sound management decisions and their implementation in public life. Information in the digital circuit of public administration not only circulates within it, but also is transmitted to the external economic environment, thus providing three-way electronic communication – between government agencies, public organizations and private entities. The paper analyzes the state of digitalization of the Government of Ukraine in recent years (2012 – 2020) according to the EGDI index, which indicates the readiness of gove It was found that if in previous years the index of Ukraine reached the level of EGDI as “high”, it is only due to such a component as the human capital index. The analysis conducted in the article showed that other components of EGDI – the index of online services and the index of telecommunications infrastructure of Ukraine – are characterized by positive dynamics, which allows us to speak about the active role of the state in the development of these directions. However, if we compare them with the average values of these indices in the European region, we can observe a constant lag of our country in this regard, and the most critical situation is observed in the development of telecommunications infrastructure.rnment agencies to provide services to the population based on the use of ICT. The state of digitalization of the government has been assessed according to another indicator – the EPI e-participation index. For Ukraine, this index has been growing steadily since 2012, and in 2020 Ukraine rose to the level of “very high EPI” (0,8095). It is established that for Ukraine the successful digitalization of public administration in Ukraine, the spread of digital literacy among the population will bring improvements in all spheres of public life and contribute to further political and socio-economic development of the country.

PECULIARITIES OF APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT APPROACH IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

The article reveals the essence of the project approach as one of the most effective mechanisms for improving efficiency in public administration. The essence, features of projects and their application in the public sphere are determined. The development of the project approach in recent years in Ukraine is analyzed.

Достатність освітнього потенціалу для забезпечення кадрових потреб розвитку ІТ-сфери та відновлення на цьому підґрунті економіки України

The main reasons that determine the relevance of the development of the IT sector in Ukraine in recent years are reflected. The state of staffing for the development of the IT sector in the country is analyzed, the main reasons for the shortage of personnel are listed. The job search services and their involvement in covering the staffing needs in the IT field in Ukraine are characterized. The structure of candidates' applications for vacant positions by job categories was analyzed according to the work.ua service. The structure of employers' applications for vacant positions by job categories was analyzed according to the work.ua service. A comparison was made of the level of remuneration of specialists offered by employers in the context of professions within the category of IT, computers, the Internet according to the work.ua service. The distribution of applicants for higher education in Ukraine in 12 branches of knowledge "Information Technology" within the framework of specialties by educational levels and the number of educational institutions in which IT specialists are trained is analyzed. The distribution of the number of higher educational institutions that train IT specialists in Ukraine in the context of the cities of Ukraine is estimated. The potential opportunities are analyzed and effective tools are identified to increase the volume of labor supply of competent IT specialists in the Ukrainian labor market.

Study of the state and prospects of digital development in Ukraine

The article describes the strengthening of European and international influences on the digital transformation in Ukraine, emphasizes the priorities of the national policy of digital transformations and digital development in the conditions of war including the need to develop the single digital market with the European Union and a structure for bringing Ukraine’s digital sector closer to the European one. In view of the fact that the appropriate legal framework for digital development affects the scale and pace of digital transformations in the country, the introduction and using of digital technologies, we have analyzed and characterized the regulatory and legal support for digital development and digital transformation of Ukraine in recent years, as well as the functions of the relevant structures, such as the Committee on Digital Transformation and the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine. The state of digital society development during the «covid-2019» pandemic has been revealed. It was emphasized that the pandemic has simultaneously become a catalyst for digital change and transformation and revealed the difficulties in digital transformations related to data privacy and cyber security issues, lack of budget and resources. In the article, the authors single out the main obstacles to digital development in Ukraine for 2019–2021, among which the lack of funds for digital transformations is the most significant. Based on statistical data, an analysis of the funding for the digital transformations in Ukraine in 2020–2021 has been carried out according to priority areas including the National program for Informatization, the Internet access in rural areas, digitalization, the development of administrative services and the expansion of Centers for the provision of administrative services, the development of priority projects in the IT-sphere and IT education. The priority areas of the digital reconstruction and development of Ukraine for 2022–2025 have been analyzed, such as the development of digital economy, the restoration of digital infrastructure, the restoration and development of the Centers for the provision of administrative services, state information resources in cloud technologies, the development of public electronic registers, etc. The expected funding volume for the areas of digital reconstruction and development of Ukraine for 2022–2025 have been given; the largest planed measures and the amount of expenditures within every area of digital reconstruction and development of Ukraine for 2022–2025 have been highlighted.

FINANCING THE SOCIAL SERVICES OF UKRAINE AT THE PRESENT STAGE IN THE CONTEXT OF BALANCED DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRITORIES

Annotation.
 Introduction. The article investigates the main problems in the field of social protection of the population in Ukraine that require an immediate solution. The theoretical approach to the financial support of the social sphere is considered. The reasons for the negative impact on the implementation of budget policy in the social protection system are investigated. The financing of social protection and social security, health and education from state and local budgets of Ukraine is analyzed. Changes in the system of social protection through the transformation of financing of the social protection system are determined.
 The purpose of the article. It is worth exploring the financial support of social services in Ukraine in recent years. It is also worth offering possible ways to counteract the underfunding of the social sphere from the budgets of different levels.
 Results. Formation of national social security in the system of public finance management should be carried out on the basis of the system of fiscal norms and to be focused; to ensure effective forms of supporting various social groups that require social protection; transition to cash provision of welfare; Personal assistance to the state is included in income of individuals and families. Taking into account that wages are still the main source of income in Ukraine, it is necessary to increase its share in income, paying special attention to minimal hourly remuneration.
 Conclusions. The main reason for the negative impact on the implementation of fiscal policy in the social security system is mainly reflected in the implementation of the budget expenditures approved by the state. In addition, during the research process, we have found that in the state budget of Ukraine, social security expenditures and social insurance funds have increased more than doubled over the past five years, indicating the lack of funds in this area.

Main trends of development of the restaurant industry of Ukraine in modern conditions

Restaurant business – one of the few activities that became popular in ancient times, despite the rapid development, this activity has not lost its popularity to this day. For two centuries, experts have been studying the problems of identifying success factors in the restaurant industry. But a professional chef and an incomparable menu, stylish design and excellent service - all this in itself is not yet able to ensure high occupancy of the restaurant. One of the main criteria for the success of catering establishments - location in a place with heavy traffic, new formats, modern solutions in order to stand out in the market and win the loyalty of its audience. The article highlights the main trends in the development of the restaurant industry of Ukraine in modern conditions and conditions of activity during the pandemic COVID-19. The indicators of the development of the restaurant industry of Ukraine in recent years, as well as the impact of quarantine restrictions due to the pandemic COVID-19 on the quantitative indicators of the development of the restaurant services market are analyzed. The subject of the study is the analysis of the current state and trends in the restaurant industry of Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to identify trends and prospects for the restaurant industry development of Ukraine in modern conditions. General scientific research methods are used: system, descriptive, comparative and structural-logical analysis. The study obtained the following results: identified the main trends in the restaurant industry of Ukraine and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their formation. Conclusions: the expediency of changing the format of restaurants after quarantine restrictions and the use of innovations in cooking, design, which include creative cuisine, high-tech style, catering service, etc.

PALEOGEOGRAPHIC RESEARCHES IN THE INSTITUTE OF GEOGRAPHY OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE AND MODERN APPLIED DIRECTIONS OF THEIR USE

Study of the history of nature in the past are in the main directions of modern world scientific trends. In the sector of paleogeography of the Institute of Geography of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine traditionally develop fundamental and applied aspects related to the study of late Cenozoic sediments. The subject of the works is related to the research of the history and stages of development of nature and its components on the territory of Ukraine in the Pliocene, Pleistocene and Holocene, as well as the reproduction of natural living conditions of ancient man. The publication focuses on the main directions and scientific results, achieved by the scientists of the Sector Paleogeography of the Institute of Geography of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in recent years. In particular, the issue of the impact of global Pleistocene events on the state and evolution of the main components of nature of the territory of Ukraine has been studied; paleogeographic preconditions that contributed to the formation of certain types of sedimentary Cenozoic minerals in Ukraine are outlined; the main natural factors of the paleogeographic environment that influenced changes in human living conditions in Ukraine in the Pleistocene and Holocene are considered; changes in Pleistocene and Holocene soils in key areas of modern Ukraine have been reconstructed. Promising areas of investigation have been identified and an assessment of the possible applied use of the results of paleogeographic research has been made. Thus, the results of paleogeographic research, as well as professional services of paleogeographers can be used: to assess current climate change based on paleogeographic data; for geological additional research and rational use of the subsoil of Ukraine; to develop popular scientific and educational information on the paleogeographical features of the development of nature reserves and geological sites with tourist and recreational potential; to assess the current state and dynamics of spatio-temporal changes in environmental conditions based on paleogeographic analysis of the content of various substances in soils; during geoarchaeological, paleontological, soil research, etc. Key words: paleogeographical research; climate changes; minerals formation; stratigraphy; human living conditions.

Public Law and Administration under Conditions of Hybrid Warfare (The Experience of Ukraine)

Events that took place in Ukraine in 2014 transparently demonstrated the maladjustment of the national legal and administrative system to the challenges of hybrid warfare in times of peace. Although it took into account the possibility of direct military threats, it proved not to be ready for withstanding unconventional pressure. This state of affairs significantly weakened the state’s ability to resist and led to a number of dramatic political miscalculations, organizational failures, and acute social problems. The subsequent update of the national public law and administrative system made it possible to improve the situation, but at the same time it revealed a number of pressing issues related to the need to strike a balance between the state’s commitment to ensure the protection of human rights and the necessity to protect national security. In this sense the experience of Ukraine is instructive for many countries of the world, especially for those that are the target of the geopolitical ambitions of the modern Russia. The paper discusses the public law of Ukraine in recent years with the view of highlighting some key problems of legal regulation, as well as identifying some promising ways to develop public administration so that it is capable of effectively coping with the threats of hybrid warfare.

Constitutional and legal basis of ensuring information security in Ukraine

Abstract. It is substantiated that information security is considered on the same level with such integral features of statehood as sovereignty and territorial integrity. The information sphere is referred to in other articles of the Basic Law, in particular, Art. Art. 31 32, 34, 50 in the context of providing constitutional guarantees of the right to secrecy of correspondence, telephone conversations, telegraph and other correspondence; protection from invasion of privacy; protection against illegal dissemination of confidential information, judicial protection of the right to refute inaccurate information and the right to demand its seizure in this regard; the right to freely collect, store, use and disseminate information orally, in writing or otherwise ? at their discretion; the right to free access to information on the state of the environment, the quality of food and household items, as well as the right to disseminate it. It is established that the Constitution of Ukraine has become the main legal basis for further rule-making in the information sphere. However, this rule-making, along with certain positives in the development of the information field, freedom and protection of information, has not shown the necessary effectiveness in the information war. The main thing is that this rule-making did not ensure the implementation of Art. 17 of the Constitution, which places information security among several important functions of the state, such as the protection of sovereignty and territorial integrity. Accordingly, the failure to ensure information security has led to the loss of part of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of our state The purpose of the article is to study some constitutional forms of implementation of the state information security policy of Ukraine. The author concludes that in general, despite some disorder, inconsistency and inconsistency of Ukrainian legislation in the information sphere, the information legislation of Ukraine in recent years has been revised and transformed by new challenges and threats in the face of military aggression. Certain legal acts have been adopted for a short period and expire in 2020. Therefore, given the fact that Ukraine is in a state of hybrid war, in which information security is the most attacked and, at the same time, the most vulnerable, there is an objective need to develop a basic law - the Information Code, which would include a separate section on information security or adoption of a special Law of Ukraine "On Information Security of Ukraine", which will be able to regulate the basic principles of state policy aimed at protecting the information security of man, society and the state from external and internal threats Key words: information security, access to information, transparency, e-government, government agencies, official information.

Criminological legislation of Ukraine in the field of road safety

The level of road safety in Ukraine cannot be estimated as high. According to the reports of the Patrol Police, in Ukraine in recent years, on average, 3.5 thousand people die from road accidents every year.
 An increase in the level of road transport safety determines the development of a theoretical basis for legislation to ensure the prevention of offenses, primarily criminal ones. The criminological legislation in the field of road safety can be such a theoretical basis.
 The legislation, the norms of which are aimed at ensuring road safety, is significantly branchy and widely held in norms of laws of different legal force, forming, on the one hand, a large layer of legal norms, and on the other, laying the foundations for the prevention of offenses in this area.
 Criminological legislation in the field of road safety is a separate structural element of the criminological legislation of Ukraine. The subject of legal regulation in this case is public relations in the field of regulation of the prophylaxis and prevention of offenses (both administrative and criminal) in the provision of road traffic.
 According to their functional purpose, the norms of the criminological legislation of Ukraine in the field of road safety can be divided into conceptual, programmatic, regulatory and preventive ones.
 Conceptual norms include the norms through which the system of views and constructive ideas of the state about the road safety improving is revealed. The program norms of criminological legislation in the field of road safety include the provisions of documents aimed at the implementation of conceptual norms. Regulatory norms are the norms of legislation aimed at observing the rules, norms and standards for the operation of transport, ensuring the rules for organizing road safety and other prescriptions that determine the rules for road users. Preventive provisions include the norms of administrative and criminal legislation that determine responsibility for violations in the field of road safety and transport operation, thereby performing prophylactic and preventive functions.

Key Aspects of the Impact of Industry 4.0 on the Economic Security of the State

Any revolution is a result when the old causal relationships can no longer work in accordance with the previous algorithm. The fourth industrial revolution or Industry 4.0 is no exception. However, it should be noted that this revolution has its own specifics. We can say that the main factor of the industrial revolution is applied research, which entails the development of science in this area. To understand the security challenges facing Industry 4.0, we need to understand what this fourth industrial revolution is and what are some of its main characteristics that are causing these challenges. The purpose of the article is to identify the key aspects of the impact of Industry 4.0 on ensuring the economic security of the state. It has been determined that today it is impossible to imagine the world without the technologies that Industry 4.0 has brought to our world. The main aspects of industrial revolutions are characterized. It is established that the term "fourth industrial revolution" or "Industry 4.0." was used by German scientists in 2011 to develop a high-tech and innovative strategy for the German government. Its influence cannot but be assessed on the system of economic security of the state and its components. It has been proven that the development of information and communication technologies, the Internet, e-business and e-commerce has led to significant changes in the business environment. It has been established that not only the appearance of Industry 4.0 can boast of a negative impact on the social security of the state, but also the fact that with its arrival a large number of new professions and types of activities appeared that simply did not exist. That is, as a result, there are reductions in one area of activity and the need for others. In the future, more attention should be paid to the analysis of the economic security of the state in the conditions of Industry 4.0 and to determine what is happening exactly on the example of Ukraine in recent years

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ЖИВОПИСУ У ПОСТМОДЕРНІСТСЬКОМУ ВИМІРІ

The purpose of the study is to identify the postmodernism principles' influence on formation of the distinctive features of Ukrainian painting in the XXIstсentury. Methodology. The research uses a culturological approach to consider postmodernism as a creative method and factor that influences the activities of Ukrainian artists. Formal-stylistic analysis is applied to clarify the connection between creative practices and the principles of postmodernism and to determine their features as well.Results.The analysis of Ukrainian artists' painting practice of the XXI century in the context of the postmodern worldview was carried out. The study focuses on postmodernism as a factor in the development of various artistic styles. The artistic and stylistic features of painting over recent years in Ukraine were analyzed. There was revealed the natural influence of postmodernist principles on domestic painting, characterized by the features of postmodernism, which is manifested in a variety of areas (conceptualism, transavant-garde, contemporary, etc.) and syncretism in art. Although the latest painting practices are integrating into European culture and tend to the Western European tradition, Ukrainian art still saves its distinguishing features. It was found that a feature of Ukrainian postmodernism is the conceptualization of painting, the introduction of deep content into a new format of painting and the synthesis of traditional fine art and new technologies. Scientific novelty lies in the identification of the main distinctive features and patterns of Ukrainian postmodern painting development. The practical significance. Presented results aid to trace postmodernism as a factor of influence on the peculiarities of the formation of new directions in Ukrainian painting practices, which can be used as a theoretical basis for further art criticism analysis of contemporary painting.

Вплив чинників на управління безпекою валютного ринку в Україні

The article analyzes the principles of development and security management of the foreign exchange market of Ukraine. Substantiates the influence of factors on the functioning of the foreign exchange market such as: improvement of the regulatory framework; monetary policy on the stabilization of the floating exchange rate regime; lending to the National Bank of Ukraine within the current 18-month stand-by program from the International Monetary Fund; replenishment of the market currency through the purchase and sale of government bonds; the influence of international and domestic factors on the liberalization of the foreign exchange market in Ukraine; receipt of a share of currency more than 10% of the population working abroad; restoring the confidence of individuals and entrepreneurs in the national currency. The structure and analysis of the process and dynamics of the foreign exchange market of Ukraine are characterized. The author evaluates the security management of currency regulation of the floating exchange rate regime, which directly affects the state of the foreign exchange market (Fig. 1). The state of exchange rate regulation and its impact on the foreign exchange market on the basis of personal observation during 2015-2021 are studied. The main advantage of this article is the clarification of the elements of the mechanism of currency regulation, which is due to the negative impact of a wide range of external and internal factors on the tools (Fig. 2). This mechanism is a powerful lever of state management of economic security and regulation of foreign exchange market liberalization in the context of a significant deterioration of the crisis situation in Ukraine in recent years. The main areas of security management of the mechanism of functioning of the foreign exchange market of Ukraine are the following. The first is optimization of the procedure of foreign exchange interventions of the NBU – schedule, parameters of interventions. This will increase the transparency and predictability of NBU operations in the foreign exchange market. NBU managers should abandon discriminatory approach to ensure all banks have equal access to interventions. The second is increasing of the digitization and disclosure of communication policies with actors. Its deterioration is due to negative comments addressed to banks regarding speculative actions on exchange rate formation, non-compliance with the requirements of the NBU in lending, security management and customer distrust. The third is strengthening of the reserve requirements for bank security management in order to reduce the excessive liquidity of the banking system.

Hypomenstrual syndrome in adolescent girls as a result of reproductive dysfunction in their mothers

In recent years in Ukraine and in the world there has been a clear tendency towards deterioration in the indicators of the somatic health of children and adolescents, that is negatively affects the processes of reproductive health formation and it state in the future. Concern for adolescent girl's health, including their reproductive system, forms an enormous contribution to the society future. That's why big attention is paid to the formation and saving reproductive health of adolescent girls. The period of sexual development is defining in a woman's life and is considered a key moment on the path of reproductive maturity. Today it has been established that the reproductive health formation is influenced by environmental, socio-economic factors and the presence of somatic diseases. Despite the fact that the pathogenetic mechanisms of the reproductive system formation are extremely complex and sensitive to the effects of negative factors, the appearance of destructive factors at this time can disrupt the physiological chain of functioning of the hormonal mechanisms which regulate the reproductive system. Disorders of the menstrual cycle is one of the most common pathological conditions, combining pathogenetically different diseases, which are manifested by a violation of the menstrual duration and frequency, amount of menstrual flow. According to domestic literature, hypomenstrual syndrome (oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea) is in the first place among menstrual dysfunctions in adolescent girls in the structure of gynecological morbidity and is up to 45%. Menstrual irregularities that occur during adolescence often persist into the future, causing infertility, obstetric pathology, perinatal loss and other reproductive health problems during childbearing years. The problem of the menstrual cycle formation has been little studied, but it is socially significant, very relevant and requires further study.Thus, girls with menstrual disorders constitute a group of increased risk of gynecological diseases in women of reproductive age, since many chronic diseases of adults are a protracted pathology of adolescents. Therefore, adolescent girls should be examined and treated by a specialist in pediatric and adolescent gynecology, pediatric endocrinologist, pediatrician and family doctor.

Methodical principles of analysis of the concept of “organizational and economic mechanism of public-private partnership”

Introduction. In recent years in Ukraine, the task of ensuring multi-faceted cooperation between the state and private business has been relevant. The formation of effective principles of realization of public-private partnership determines the need for a detailed study of the essence, characteristics and principles of its organizational and economic mechanism.Goal. The purpose of the article is to reflect and analyze the methodological principles of determining the essence and bases of formation of the organizational and economic mechanism of public-private partnership.Methods. In order to achieve the defined goal, a complex of general scientific methods applied: theoretical generalization - to determine the methodological principles and essence of the organizational and economic mechanism of public-private partnership, a method of scientific abstraction - in the distinguishing components and results of the organizational and efficient mechanism of cooperation between the state and business, abstract-logical Theoretical generalization and formulation of conclusions.Results. During the analysis of the methodological principles of the concept of «organizational and economic mechanism of public-private partnership», the basis of research of the methodology of development of a system of public-private partnerships is determined on the basis of the concept of the organizational and economic mechanism for implementing public-private partnership. The tasks and processes that are most accurate characterize the components of organizational and economic mechanisms and include the formation of corporate strategy, dividend policy, management of management, improvement of the payment system, participation in the Board of Directors, hostile acceptance, receipt of powers of power and bankruptcy. The main tasks of the economic mechanism of which include: ensuring the profitability of the system of establishing a mutually beneficial cooperation of the system elements, which resulted in a single center to provide a balance of horizontal integration and vertical management purposes, as well as optimize internal- system transaction and organizational costs and mutually beneficial cooperation of the elements of the system, which involves the integration of their activities, which increases their potential separately and the system as a whole. It is noted that the result of the functioning of the economic mechanism is to create conditions for highly efficient activity due to effective resource management and achieve the effect of synergy from optimal use both in individual elements and in the scope of the entire system. Discussion. A promising direction of the study arises the need to improve methodological approaches to the definition of the essence and meaningful characteristics of public-private partnership as a new form of intensification of business development in Ukraine.

Тенденції розвитку виборчих технологій в Україні в умовах становлення інформаційного суспільства

The article says that in Ukraine in recent years there has been a rapid development of political technologies, including the electoral ones. This was the result of a profound reform of the political system. In order to gain power, political forces began adopting the experience of other democracies and borrowing technologies that could help them succeed in the election process. Although election technologies are a relatively new phenomenon, they are designed to ensure the most important area of interaction between the state and civil society through the election procedure - the transfer of power to the members of society through the elections. The article says that an important place among other election technologies is occupied by information ones, as they can be an effective tool for managing the consciousness of the masses, therefore the peculiarity of the modern election process is technology and digitalization of preparation methods, organization and conduct of election campaigns. Skillful use of information technology has allowed take the relationship between candidate politicians and potential voters to a new level, transforming them into a partnership. It is mentioned that modern opportunities let address voters directly, but not everyone in general. The efficiency of political slogans increases when they are not addressed to all people at once, but are distributed depending on the target groups of individuals, their interests and needs. The article highlights the statistics on social networks, which have turned into an effective tool for the struggle for voters in 2019 in Ukraine. It is said that the Internet as the means of obtaining information in 2018 for the first time ahead of television. The advantages of information technologies as an effective election tool are given. The expansion of the scope for using information technologies in the political environment is projected, by means of which there will be a systematic communication between the politicians and the electorate.

About one of the modern trends of business digitalization

Introduction. Currently, a business both organizes its sales through social networks and solves various business problems for them, for example, finding employees and business partners, expanding sales markets. Companies that want to grow successfully, to be in demand in the market, must pay close attention to social networks. The purpose of the paper is to study the role of social networks in the functioning of business, establishing and maintaining business communications, and assessing the advantages and disadvantages of different types of business networks. Results. Internet penetration in Ukraine in January 2021 is higher than the world average – 67.6 % or 29.47 million users, and the average growth of Internet users in Ukraine – by 7.3 % or 2 million people. A positive trend in the use of social networks in Ukraine has been observed in recent years also. Thus, their use for business communications in Ukraine is a promising way to establish business contacts. Among the most popular social networks in Ukraine in recent years are Facebook, YouTube and Instagram. If the promotion of goods and services is appropriate through non-professional social networks, it is better to address business issues in professional networks, such as business social networks. Their purpose is to establish business contacts for job search, business partners, meet potential employers, announce vacancies and search for employees, investors, exchange experiences, etc. The disadvantages of using social networks for business are: the ability of attackers to access personal data, depersonalization of contacts etc. Business social networks also include corporate social networks. They help to organize and manage the staff distributed by the corporation's branches with the help of modern forms of business communication. Conclusion. Ukraine is characterized by a higher than the world average, Internet penetration. The same trend is observed in relation to the use of social networks in Ukraine. Although social networks for private use serve as a good platform for advertising and selling goods, from a business point of view, business social networks are the most appropriate for solving business issues and establishing business contacts. Their importance is growing due to the growing globalization of the economy, as well as the need for remote communication, which is due to the danger of the spread of Covid-19.

The role and place of Ukraine in the innovative dimension of Europe

The purpose of the article is to study the indicators of innovative development of Ukraine and determine its place in the innovation dimension among other European countries. The methodological basis of the study is the use of general scientific methods: the method of theoretical generalization and comparison, as well as economic and statistical analysis, which are used to study indicators of innovative development of Ukraine and Europe, as well as modern computer technology for data visualization. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is that the main positive and negative tendencies, as well as perspective directions on the way of innovative development of Ukraine are revealed and its place in the innovation dimension among other European countries is determined. The paper analyzes the trends of innovation development of Ukraine for the period from 2012 to 2019. The study uses data from the Annual European Innovation Scoreboard (EIS) 2020, which publishes indicators of Ukraine and EU member states, as well as several non-European countries. It is established that in the vast majority of innovative areas Ukraine occupies the last positions among the considered countries. However, the analysis of the consolidated index of innovations shows that in recent years in Ukraine there is a tendency to slow growth of this index, and Ukraine belongs to the group of «modest innovators». For an in-depth analysis of the dynamics of innovation dimensions of Ukraine, the following types of indicators are also considered: «framework conditions», «investments», «innovation activities», «impacts». Conclusions. It was found that in the vast majority of innovation areas Ukraine occupies the last positions, but in this area there are some positive changes. In particular, the international competitiveness of the scientific base has improved; the environment in which enterprises operate has become more favorable for innovation; there is an intensification of innovation in the business sector; the links between cooperation between innovation institutions have expanded. The conducted research can be used for the formation and implementation of innovative development strategies of Ukraine, which will increase its rating and international competitiveness. Key words: innovation, innovative development, innovation index, dynamics, tendencies, competitiveness, innovative technologies.