Rebellious Action Research Articles

Katniss Everdeen’s Act of Rebellion in the Hunger Games Movie

This study is about the analysis of Katniss Everdeen’s Act of Rebellion in the Hunger Games Movie. This study aims to answer three research questions about Katniss Everdeen’s rebellious actions. The first is what are the causes of Katniss's rebellious actions? The second is what are the effects of Katniss's rebellious actions? The third is what are the types of Katniss's rebellion? In this study, the writer uses qualitative research. The writer uses the theory of Marxism by Karl Marx in Tsoulfidis (2010) and the theory of Rebellion by Kautilya (1986). The finding shows 3 (three) causes of Katniss’ Rebellion. They are resource imbalance, provocation, and social inequalities as key factors. Regarding the effects of Katniss‘ rebellion, the finding shows 2 (two) effects. They are negative and positive impacts. Regarding the types of Katniss‘ rebellion, the writer found 5 (five) types of Katniss‘ Rebellion. They are Non-violent rebellion, Violent rebellion, social rebellion, Political rebellion, and Ideological rebellion.

Mendamaikan Bughat di Indonesia: Kajian Atas QS. Al-Hujurat [49]: 9 dalam Tafsir Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia

This research analyses the Kementerian Agama (Kemenag) interpretation of the QS. Al-Hujurat [49]: 9, especially in the context of the Indonesian State regarding bughat behaviour, which also occurs in Indonesia. It should be remembered that Indonesia is a democratic country that uses laws as the foundation of the state, regulates rules and imposes sanctions. This research uses qualitative methods with library research and in analyzing the bughat theme specifically, with a thematic interpretation approach to examine how the Indonesian Ministry of Religion interprets the QS. Al-Hujurat [49]: 9, which talks about bughat. Overall, QS. Al-Hujurat [49]: 9 is a clear example of how the Qur’an not only states problems but also provides comprehensive guidelines on how to overcome problems. This surah also reminds us of Muslims’ importance of maintaining unity and brotherhood. This research ultimately resulted in the conclusion that the Indonesian Ministry of Religion's Tafsir guides the government to determine solutions and punishments for bughat groups based on their level of power and influence, including arresting and detaining bughat groups as an effort to bring them back into state order. Moreover, make them aware of the error of their rebellious actions to ensure security and public order and invite them to repent and recognize the legitimate leadership.

Reclaiming the Land of the Snows: Analyzing Chinese Settler Colonialism in Tibet

This work explores the relationship between China and Tibet, and how settler colonialism mediates the strategies used to exert government control over the autonomous region. Revealing the history of Tibet provides a background to understand how the Chinese government leverages methods of political, economic and religious subjugation to carry out their desires. At their confluence, these three strategies expose the hidden genocide that remains in Tibet, and actively contribute to the devastating conditions commonly overlooked by the media. This settler colonial process of expropriation highlights what Patrick Wolfe dubs the logic of elimination, and reveals Tibetan bodies as an enduring part of the occupied land that China seeks to control. With this understanding of Empire, I transition to discuss the deployment of and meaning behind self-immolation, an act commonly used by Tibetan protesters. While acknowledging the disadvantages of self-immolation, I cite Fanon to argue that such a rebellious action momentarily inverts the dynamic between the colonizer and colonized, thereby leaving space to achieve Tibetan liberation. By communicating the gravity of an overlooked situation permeated by settler colonialism, I hope to challenge the common conception of Empire and expand our understanding of decolonial strategies into new global contexts.

The Reactionary Romance of American Slave Revolt: Scripting the Unthinkable in the Archive of the 1811 German Coast Uprising

Enslavers and their allies wrote in terrified, apocalyptic terms about slave revolts, particularly in the late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century US. This essay suggests that by consistently framing slave revolt in these ways, proslavery white Americans constructed and reproduced a dominant, normative narrative about the meaning of Black self-determination, which this essay calls a "reactionary romance." This "romance" deemed Black self-determination an apocalypse-signaling antagonist against which the privileged body politic must continually and violently struggle in order to reproduce itself. It perversely drew on the rebellious actions of Black people as a way to enclose the prospect of Black freedom in a shroud of terror, rendering the suppression of Black self-determination an esteemed civic duty for the American citizen. This essay critically and historically analyzes this romance as it functions in archival documentation of the 1811 German Coast Uprising in southeastern Louisiana, the largest slave revolt in US history. The way that Louisiana planters told the story of the 1811 Uprising weaponized the reactionary romance to compel an expanding American empire (and its citizens) to protect and expand both the social and material structures of plantation slavery and the limits on moral and political imagination that attended these structures.

Art and Rebellion

The aim of this article is to document, contextualise, and theorise the rebellious actions carried out by artists in Slovenia in 2020–2021, and to present these actions as a continuation of the avant-garde movements of the twentieth century. We focus on the diverse actions and protests carried out by a strong alliance of artists, anti-capitalists, anti-fascists, ecological movements, and other civil structures that continue to challenge the oppressive autocratic powers. When art becomes confrontational, it fights for its autonomy and its production can achieve an aesthetic revolutionary potential. So when it demands the impossible, it fights for its space and position and becomes life itself, it becomes avant-garde. We could therefore say that the politics of aesthetics has a way of producing its own politics, proposing to re-arrange politics, re-configure art as a political issue or assert itself as true politics.

Tennis and Socioeconomic Class: The Change in Perception of the Sport

From the 12th century to the early 19th century, a game of tennis was the ideal setting where aristocrats could interact. Individuals who were associated with the sport were categorized as well-refined and upper-class. However, with the rise of individualism and free-market consumerism in the mid-1980s associated with Reaganism and Thatcherism, tennis was made more available and attracted the middle class. As such, the entry of players like Jimmy Connors and John McEnroe revolutionized the game with their rebellious actions, which transformed the etiquette of fine sportsmanship into a tough, aggressive game filled with tantrums and vulgarities and the determination to win and make money above all else. Through the commercialization of tennis, the public’s perception has changed; tennis is no more “a sport for kings”, but a sport for all.

Climate Tragedy

I hypothesize that tragedy is the genre best suited to represent climate catastrophe. Tragedy, I contend, is committed to diagnosing the ideological and material conditions that make for mass, undeserved suffering—conditions of colonization and racialization, for instance, in Greek and modern drama and in modern tragic fiction. Not only does tragedy reveal injurious forms of power, it stages or incites rebellious collective action against them. These features of literary tragedy, I suggest, are non-Aristotelian. Aristotle lodges the source of crisis in individuals, who inadvertently cause their own misfortunes and suffer from them. The literary tragedy that I theorize, however, locates the origins of communal suffering in external agents of death and domination.

Berkeley’s Passive Obedience: the logic of loyalty

ABSTRACT Berkeley argues in Passive Obedience that what he calls morality is based on the divine laws of nature, which God gave us and whose validity is like that of the principles of geometry. One of these laws is the categorical demand for loyalty to the supreme political power. This is to say, rebellious action is strictly impermissible and passive obedience is morally required: we may disobey but only in terms of action omission and then we must accept the penalty or punishment. This paper clarifies the logic of Berkeley’s argument and evaluates the acceptability of his results, especially when he considers possible exceptions in the case of a tyrant, usurper, and mad prince. What should one do? We may ‘sit still and pray for better times’ and think of the day of divine judgement; is this enough when a citizen is under a tyrannical political rule? Can we trust the good will of magistrates, or expect God’s help? Berkeley speaks of your moral duty to supreme power but in the last part of his treatise he also mentions the possibility of two competing princes, or no supreme power.

Integration of Knowledge: A Time Befitting Step

This research aims to demonstrate that in the contemporary world, secular philosophical thought seized not only the Western education system but also that of Muslim World. The Western materialist thoughts are mostly originated from empiricism, rationalism, secularism and many more tenets as such. Hence, their such speculation distanced them from the guidance of Allah (SWT); eventually, many sorts of rebellious actions prevailed in their perceptions, policies of society and state. Conversely, Islamic epistemology is different. It creates connection between all sources of knowledge and revelation. The purpose of this study is to display the moral failure of secular education system and dire necessary of integrated education and its swift expansion, especially for Muslims across the Islamic world. The study has followed the qualitative methodology through an intensive study mainly the secondary data like the previously published original books, articles, periodicals, magazines and online lectures of specialists and experts on integration of knowledge. The findings of the research are installing Islamic worldview in mindset of Muslim students, producing innovative dynamic leadership for each sector, launching same education system and joint research project for OIC member states, nurturing thinking mind of students, making people employable, expanding exchange program, revitalizing higher education and building relationship between universities and industries.

Integration of Knowledge: A Time Befitting Step

This research aims to demonstrate that in the contemporary world, secular philosophical thought seized not only the Western education system but also that of Muslim World. The Western materialist thoughts are mostly originated from empiricism, rationalism, secularism and many more tenets as such. Hence, their such speculation distanced them from the guidance of Allah (SWT); eventually, many sorts of rebellious actions prevailed in their perceptions, policies of society and state. Conversely, Islamic epistemology is different. It creates connection between all sources of knowledge and revelation. The purpose of this study is to display the moral failure of secular education system and dire necessary of integrated education and its swift expansion, especially for Muslims across the Islamic world. The study has followed the qualitative methodology through an intensive study mainly the secondary data like the previously published original books, articles, periodicals, magazines and online lectures of specialists and experts on integration of knowledge. The findings of the research are installing Islamic worldview in mindset of Muslim students, producing innovative dynamic leadership for each sector, launching same education system and joint research project for OIC member states, nurturing thinking mind of students, making people employable, expanding exchange program, revitalizing higher education and building relationship between universities and industries.

Book Review

Book Review

Inequality and inter-group conflicts: experimental evidence

In this paper we experimentally investigate the relationship between inequality and conflicts, the latter taking the shape of rebellious actions. Further, our conflict experiment allows us to study whether lack of coordination or fear of retaliation may refrain individuals from rioting despite their willingness to riot. Our conflict game consists of two-stages. In a first stage, subjects play a proportional rent-seeking game to share a prize. In a second stage, players can coordinate with the other members of their group to reduce (“burn”) the other group members’ payoffs. Our treatments differ in the extent of inequality. Precisely, in the first series of treatments (called symmetric treatments), inequality only arises from different investment behaviors of players in the first stage. In a second series of treatments (called asymmetric treatments), inequality is strongly reinforced by attributing to some subjects (the advantaged group) a larger share of the price than other subjects (the disadvantaged group) for the same amount of effort. While the former refer to inequality of effort the latter is related to exogenous inequality of circumstances (bad luck). We ran these treatments under both partner and stranger matching protocol. Consistent with the assumption of inequality aversion, we observe that disadvantaged groups “burn” significantly more money than advantaged groups in the asymmetric treatment. However, we also observe that the relationship between inequality and conflicts is non-linear since the frequency of conflicts is significantly higher in the symmetric treatment where inequality is moderate compared to the asymmetric treatment where inequality is extreme. Resignation seems to be the main driving force behind this phenomenon. Our findings also shed light on the important role played by coordination.

From Resistance to Rebellion, and Rebellion to Revolution: Notes on Transformation in First Grade

Laslocky, a first grade teacher, reflects on her experiences with child rebellion and resistance throughout a school year and the methods she implemented to handle conflict. Through the rebellious actions of a new student, the dynamic of the classroom was tested. It was only when the children began appreciating differences and making genuine efforts to be kind that a true revolution occurred.

Resistance against corporate misconduct: an analysis of ethical ideologies’ direct and moderating effects on different forms of active rebellion

Consumer resistance against corporate wrongdoing is of growing relevance for business research, as well as for firms and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Considering Fournier’s (1998) classification of consumer resistance, this study focuses on boycotting, negative word-of-mouth (WOM), and protest behavior, and these behavioral patterns can be assigned to the so-called “active rebellion” subtype of consumer resistance. Existing literature has investigated the underlying motives for rebellious actions such as boycotting. However, research offers little insight into the extent to which motivational processes are regulated by individual ethical ideology. To fill this gap in existing research, this study investigates how resistance motives and ethical ideology jointly influence individual willingness to engage in rebellion against unethical firm behavior. Based on a sample of German residents, PLS path analyses reveal direct effects of resistance motives, counterarguments, and ethical ideologies as well as moderating effects of ethical ideologies, which vary across different forms of rebellion. First, the results indicate that relativism (idealism) is more relevant in the context of boycott participation and protest behavior (negative WOM). Second and contrary to previous findings, this study reveals a positive effect of relativism on behavioral intentions. Third, individuals’ ethical ideologies do not moderate the effect of motivation to and arguments against engaging in negative WOM. On the contrary, the empirical analysis reveals significant moderating effects of relativism and idealism with regard to the effects of resistance motives and counterarguments on boycott and protest intention. Directions for future research and practical implications are discussed based on the study results.

The Gap Between Historical Narrative and Historical Facts: A Re-analysis of Li Xiehe’s Political Decisions and Motivations During the Xinhai Revolution (1911)

As one of the leading figures in latter years of the Guangfuhui alliance, Li Xiehe’s devotion to the revolution had a considerable impact on the growth and flourishing of the revolutionary force. During the Xinhai Revolution, his leadership as the Commander-in-Chief and collaborative efforts with Chen Qimei and other military leaders in restoring Shanghai, re-establishing the Restoration Army to assist rebellious actions in Nanjing and Wuhan, as well as their determination to march northward contributed greatly to the collapse of the Qing government. In its founding years of the Republic, Li retreated from the glory of his political success. Instead of winning him the due respect, however, his well-intentioned and humble act went tarnished by his later forced membership of the Chouanhui, a highly controversial topic in the literature. Adopting the relationship between the Tongmenghui and the Guangfuhui as a point of departure, this paper presents a thorough re-analysis of related historical accounts and various preoccupations surrounding Li, and assumed motivations of his political decisions, so as to reconstruct a truthful image of the debated historical figure.

Fuzzy by Tom Angleberger

Reviewed by: Fuzzy by Tom Angleberger April Spisak Angleberger, Tom Fuzzy; by Tom Angleberger and Paul Dellinger. Amulet, 2016 [272p] ISBN 978-1-4197-2122-9 $14.95 Reviewed from galleys R Gr. 4-6 Max knows better than to try to break any rules, because the vice principal at her school is a computer who tallies all irregularities, missed answers, and rebellious actions. Everyone believes they’re really doing better than the VP says, but no one knows for sure that the system really has gone rogue. Then Fuzzy arrives; Fuzzy is an experimental robot who can learn and grow, reprogramming himself to adjust to new scenarios, and he and Max quickly bond after Max is told to help get Fuzzy through his first few days of middle school. Fuzzy is also the one who finally spots some serious injustices in how the VP is running the school and ignoring directives from the principal. While the book will enjoy instant popularity just because of the author’s renown, it will deserve all of the attention it is sure to get. Angleberger and Dellinger hit the perfect mix of funny and contemplative, speculative and realistic. Kids certain that standardized testing is a crummy way to assess their lives, even without a computer making the score worse, will sympathize with the students. Fuzzy, who is brilliant and clumsily affable all at once, creates a further point of connection for readers who will undoubtedly relate to both his initial feelings of being daunted by middle school and his strong sense of justice. Copyright © 2016 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Power Relation In Memoirs Of Geisha And The Dancer

This article aims at comparing the ideas of power relation between themain female character and ―Mother‖ in Arthur Golden‘s Memoirs ofGeisha and Ahmad Tohari‘s The Dancer. These two novels share thesame main female character of traditional entertainers, as a Japanese geisha and a Javanese traditional dancer, respectively. As an entertainer in the traditional sphere, they are bounded with the other women and build close interaction as well as power relation with them who are called ―Mother‖ in the Geisha and ―ronggeng shaman‖ in The Dancer. Thepower relation between them are unique and dynamics. This is analyzed through Foucault‘s theory of power. The result of the analysis shows that the power relation is not stable, and the power practiced by each of them is influenced by the symbolic capital and economic capital they have. The negotiation and contestation come up between the actors in dailypractices as geisha and the mother, as the ―ronggeng‖ and the shaman. As the entertainers, the geisha and ―ronggeng‖ build and shape their body and performance to attract men. This geisha and ronggeng culture reproduce many other cultural product such as ―mizuage‖ in geisha, and ―bukak klambu‖ in ―ronggeng‖ both of which refer to the same thing, selling the woman‘s virginity to the highest bidder. In geisha it is used to benefit the Mother of Okiya and no rebellion of the geisha. On the other hand, Srintil does rebellious action in this ―bukak klambu‖ occasion. There seems to be different message from these two novels, The Dancer is much more questioning the norms covering the ―ronggeng‖ tradition while the Memoirs of Geisha tends to be accepting the geisha tradition as what it is.Keywords: Power Relation; Geisha ; Ronggeng ; Norms

Power Relation In Memoirs Of Geisha And The Dancer

This article aims at comparing the ideas of power relation between themain female character and ―Mother‖ in Arthur Golden‘s Memoirs ofGeisha and Ahmad Tohari‘s The Dancer. These two novels share thesame main female character of traditional entertainers, as a Japanese geisha and a Javanese traditional dancer, respectively. As an entertainer in the traditional sphere, they are bounded with the other women and build close interaction as well as power relation with them who are called ―Mother‖ in the Geisha and ―ronggeng shaman‖ in The Dancer. Thepower relation between them are unique and dynamics. This is analyzed through Foucault‘s theory of power. The result of the analysis shows that the power relation is not stable, and the power practiced by each of them is influenced by the symbolic capital and economic capital they have. The negotiation and contestation come up between the actors in dailypractices as geisha and the mother, as the ―ronggeng‖ and the shaman. As the entertainers, the geisha and ―ronggeng‖ build and shape their body and performance to attract men. This geisha and ronggeng culture reproduce many other cultural product such as ―mizuage‖ in geisha, and ―bukak klambu‖ in ―ronggeng‖ both of which refer to the same thing, selling the woman‘s virginity to the highest bidder. In geisha it is used to benefit the Mother of Okiya and no rebellion of the geisha. On the other hand, Srintil does rebellious action in this ―bukak klambu‖ occasion. There seems to be different message from these two novels, The Dancer is much more questioning the norms covering the ―ronggeng‖ tradition while the Memoirs of Geisha tends to be accepting the geisha tradition as what it is.Keywords: Power Relation; Geisha ; Ronggeng ; Norms

Żydowskie listy do Hansa Franka (1940): sprzeciw czy strategia przetrwania?

W warszawskim Archiwum Akt Nowych zachowało się w zespole tzw. Rządu Generalnego Gubernatorstwa kilkadziesiąt listów i petycji skierowanych między październikiem 1939 a majem 1940 r. przez mieszkańców okupowanych obszarów do nowych niemieckich władz, w tym do generalnego gubernatora Hansa Franka. W zbiorze znajduje się również kilka (prezentowanych w polskim tłumaczeniu) listów wysłanych przez Żydów. O ile polscy, ukraińscy czy rosyjscy nadawcy reprezentowali szeroki wachlarz zawodów i pozycji społecznych, a same petycje zagadnień, o tyle wszystkie listy żydowskie zostały wysłane przez członków elit społecznych, a większość wyrażała sprzeciw wobec nakazu noszenia opasek z gwiazdą Dawida, będącego zarówno praktycznym, jak symbolicznym podkreśleniem społecznego wykluczenia Żydów. Prosząc o zgodę na nienoszenie opaski, autorzy listów powoływali się na służbę w austriackiej lub niemieckiej armii, brak związków z judaizmem etc. Jednak niezależnie od stosowanych argumentów samo wysłanie tych listów można postrzegać jako formę spontanicznego sprzeciwu, określanego przez polskiego historyka i socjologa Marcina Kulę jako „działanie niepokorne”

Jewish Letters to Hans Frank (1940): Opposition or a Survival Strategy?

In Warsaw’s Central Archives of Modern Records, in a collection of documents known as the General Government Administration set, there are dozens of letters and petitions sent between October 1939 and May 1940 by residents of occupied areas to the new German authorities, including the Governor General Hans Frank. In the collection there are also several letters (presented in Polish translation) sent by the Jews. While the Polish, Ukrainian and Russian authors represented a wide range of professions and social positions, and the petition themselves – a variety of issues, all Jewish letters were sent by members of the social elite, and the majority of them voiced their objection to the compulsory armbands with the Star of David, as the order to wear them accentuated the social exclusion of Jews in both practical and symbolic sense. Asking for permission not to wear an armband, the authors of letters referred to their service in the Austrian or German army, their lack of association with Judaism, etc. However, regardless of the arguments, the very act of sending those letters can be seen as a form of spontaneous opposition, described by the Polish historian and sociologist Marcin Kula as “rebellious action”.