Real Technological Process Research Articles

ПОРІВНЯЛЬНИЙ АНАЛІЗ МЕТОДІВ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ МЕТАЛУРГІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ

In modern conditions, modeling of technological processes is one of the most promising methods of conducting research on industrial facilities, which is characterized by a low cost compared to conducting research on real metallurgical units. Modeling, as a research method, is based on the reproduction of a real technological process in a smaller volume, in comparison with a real technological process while observing the scale of similarity. In the global practice of researching metallurgical processes, the following methods of modeling technological processes are used: mathematical modeling; low-temperature physical modeling; high-temperature physical modeling. When studying the metallurgical processes of the steelmaking direction, the most complete data is provided by high-temperature physical modeling. At the same time, it allows to study both permanent technological processes and innovative ones. As for the methods of low-temperature physical modeling, they are somewhat limited in the context of informativeness, but they differ in their low cost. Mathematical modeling is promising for modeling established technological processes and needs some clarification with practical data. An urgent task for modern metallurgical science is the development of methods for increasing the accuracy of the results of low-temperature modeling and bringing them closer to high-temperature modeling while maintaining an acceptable cost of modeling.

Automated system of monitoring professional skills development of food production operators based on a computer simulator

Research is devoted to the development of a computer simulator complex (CSC) to develop the professional skills of food production operators. The structure (conceptual model) of CSC for training of food production operators is developed, the distinctive features of which for solving the problem of professional training of operators is the integration of the simulator, which allows to reproduce real technological processes of food production for training purposes, with the automated information system (AIS) of control over the formation of professional skills in the course of exercise courses on CSC. The sets of parameters that determine: the structure and properties of the technological operation modeled in the exercise on CSC for the generation of individual exercise variants; the actions performed by the trainee in the exercise depending on the features of the simulated technological operation with the use of physical models of real equipment or elements of virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR); evaluation of the process and results of the exercise in the virtual automated training environment CSC are described. The application of CSC in the training process allows to flexibly customize exercises for professional training of operators of different branches of food industry (meat, dairy, bakery, confectionery, etc.), which helps to improve the quality of training results, as well as to reduce the labor intensity of creating and controlling the implementation of training courses in CSC by operators.

Principles of Constructing a HIL Simulation Stand for Debugging Automated Process Control Systems based on the Baget PLC

The problem of constructing a HIL simulation stand for researching a technological process using programmable logic controller (PLC) "Baget" is described in this article. Issues of modeling technological processes are currently extremely relevant, since modeling is a mandatory stage in the automated process control systems development. An adequate model of the technological process allows debugging and verification of automated process control system algorithms without using real equipment, reducing financial costs and the probability of emergency situations. The HIL modeling method involves partial use of real equipment as part of the model. The inclusion of standard components of the original object in the model does not require detailed mathematical model and at the same time provides a more complete correspondence to the original. Due to using a computer from the original object, the stand software operates under conditions close to the real technological process, which improves the quality of the simulation results. The HIL modeling stand includes the following components: control computer of automated process control system; programmable logic controller PLC "Baget"; simulation computer. The stand for the basic element of an automated process control system allows to speed up the process of prototyping and debugging even in the case of complex systems, because it will be easier to build the entire system from correctly functioning elements. Another advantage of this approach is that the stand is not tied to a specific type of technological process or to a narrow area of production — the stand allows the use of ready-made models, the development of new models, and the inclusion of various function libraries. The simplicity of the stand design with this approach is combined with a full range of functionality. By connecting additional software, you can create more complicated and detaild model. This stand is also capable of serving both for debugging PLC algorithms and as a simulator for maintenance personnel of a real control object, because the stand operator can simulate failures and errors of standard equipment, emergency situations at the control object. Using C and JavaScript programming languages for development ensures portability and ease of expanding the capabilities of the modeling software. The development of complex systems based on HIL modeling allows saving resources and effectively solving assigned problems, therefore the proposed approach to building stands will be in demand in the process of developing an automated process control system based on the PLC "Baget".

Zastosowanie metody głównych składowych w kartach kontrolnych procesów wieloparametrowych

The article describes in detail the method of constructing control charts based on principal components. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the application of the method is carried out on simulated data, which are close to the measurement results obtained during the control of a real technological process. The results show that the proposed method is effective for controlling a multi-parameter technological process in the presence of a correlated parameters.

Actual problems of creating digital twins of machine engineering products in terms of durability assessment

The global digitalization of production opens new opportunities for predictive diagnostics of the technical condition of mechanical engineering products. The issues attributed to assessing their technical condition, primarily to the determination of the residual life of mechanical engineering products, are considered. Currently, a class of virtual models, digital twins of the residual life is distinguished. Apart from the functions of monitoring and predicting the stability of structures, they can possess a feedback and control the durability by simulating and optimizing the real technological process, taking into account the possibility of achieving the limit state of the structure. The problems of existing methods of assessing the durability in time and frequency domains are considered in detail from the viewpoint of using the residual resource of structures as the basis of an algorithmic support of digital twins. We also marked the possible variety of obtaining initial data for assessing the durability, namely fatigue diagrams of materials for different types and schemes of loading. The fatigue diagram is greatly affected by the loading process (regular, random or mixed), while in the actual work the non-stationary random loading prevails. The methods used for assessing the durability of non-stationary loading are poorly studied and often resolve into simplification of a non-stationary process. The study is focused on non-stationary loading processes, since the creation of digital twins implies a continuous analysis of the durability of the structure for real operational loads. Other problems that can arise when developing digital twins of structures are also considered and discussed.

Copolymerization of butadiene and styrene under the influence of n-butyllithium

It is known that styrene-butadiene copolymers having an increased content of 1,2-links of butadiene give tires a unique combination of good grip properties and low rolling resistance. Under conditions of severe operation, heat generation, and, therefore, rolling resistance of this rubber turned out to be less than that of polymers with a conventional structure. Compared to other rubbers, SSBR rubber with a high content of carbon black (mire than 50%) is highly economical. Lower heat generation in SSBR tires is a significant advantage over other rubbers and is preferable for long-term safety of the run even in desert conditions. The growing requirements for energy saving, safety of road transport, ecology, as well as a sufficient level of scientific research in the field of ionic polymerization of monomers were prerequisites for the creation of technology for obtaining solution copolymers based on dienes and vinyl aromatic monomers with special properties based on the mathematical model of the isothermal process of copolymerization of styrene and butadiene in an aliphatic solvent on the n-BuLi/mod catalytic system, which includes four chain growth reactions, two chain transfer reactions to a transfer agent, the concentration of which is recalculated. The calculation of the copolymerization constants of styrene and butadiene in hexane in the presence of the tested catalytic system is presented and the parameters of the obtained mathematical model are determined. Compliance with the optimal mode of conducting the polymerization process makes it possible to obtain rubber with specified physical and mechanical properties. The models presented in this paper take into account the most complex mechanisms of the copolymerization process, taking into account the hydrodynamics and heat transfer in the system, as well as the features of the real technological process. For the first time, the universal approach to solving the problem of obtaining SSBR rubber with a predictable set of properties is proposed. Based on mathematical modeling, laboratory experiments and optimization of the copolymerization process, the possibility of directed synthesis of functionalized DSSC rubber with the required physical and mechanical characteristics has appeared.

Influence of PMMA brushes grafted from GO on rheological properties of PMMA/SAN immiscible blend in shear and elongation flow

In real technological processes, both shear and elongational flow is present. The material properties may differ significantly under both types of flow. Hence, they both define the final morphology and thus properties of the materials. In this work, the morphology of immiscible blends containing polymer hybrid particles was related to extensional rheological properties for the first time. The effect of various lengths of polymer brushes grafted from graphene oxide particles (GO) surface was investigated. As a polymer matrix the immiscible blend of poly(methyl methacrylate)/styrene-co-acrylonitrile (PMMA/SAN) was used. Thus the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) brushes grafted from GO (GO-g-PMMA) with various number average molar masses (Mn) of PMMA brushes with respect to chain entanglement limit of freely dispersed PMMA were prepared. The extensional rheological properties were affected by Mn of PMMA brushes, while the rheological properties in shear were unchanged. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the compatibilization effect for short densely grafted brushes with Mn of 10,300 g/mol, as smaller domains were observed. On the contrary, the higher Mn PMMA brushes facilitated coalescence. With increasing length of brushes, the elongational viscosity at low elongation rates (∼< 0.1 s−1) decreased, which facilitated the coalescence. The increase of viscosity at higher elongation rates (∼> 0.1 s−1) was not sufficient enough to cause fiber breakup and thus elongated domains were formed.

Multicriteria evaluation of technological competitiveness in diversification processes. An application to the automotive components industry

AbstractConsidering technological competitiveness in diversification processes as the existence of key technologies that guarantee the current and future effective running of firms in terms of their technological and operational potential, this paper presents a multicriteria approach for its evaluation and provides an index for measuring the technological competitiveness of diversification processes. The application of this multicriteria approach, based on the analytic hierarchy process, in three real technological diversification processes allows (i) the validation of the hierarchical model (five levels and 25 attributes) and the index (73 indicators) proposed for evaluating the technological competitiveness; (ii) the use of this hierarchical model and index to confirm the suitability of the diversification process and to extract knowledge related to the technological and operational potential of the firm; and (iii) the exploitation of this knowledge in order to guarantee the long‐term survival of automotive components industry's firms. The methodology finds the most relevant attributes in the automotive component sector (innovative capacity and activity, good functioning of the management and finance departments). Its practical application determines the firm's suitability for a diversification process, identifies the attributes that require some improvement, and the decision opportunities. After 5 years, the three companies that have been studied showed a behaviour aligned with the values and recommendations of the index developed to assess technological competitiveness. The main limitation lies in the difficulty of studying companies if they change or disappear in the future.

Physicochemical model for reactive sputtering of a sandwich target

A non-isothermal physicochemical model of reactive sputtering is extended in this work. The new version is used in this work to simulate reactive sputtering of a sandwich target with two plates of different metals located on the same axis. The external plate contains cut-outs through which the internal plate is sputtered. The main independent process parameters are the reactive gas flow introduced into the vacuum chamber, the discharge current density, and the total area of cut-outs in the external plate. The physical model of the process is described by a system containing 14 algebraic equations. Only its numerical solution is possible, which allows studying the sputtering process in detail. The model can be used to estimate the conditions that ensure the deposition of a compound film in a real technological process. The model was used to analyze sputtering of a target with internal titanium and external tantalum plates in oxygen. Application of the model in particular cases of sputtering of single targets showed that it is adequate.

СКЛАДАННЯ МАТЕМАТИЧНОЇ МОДЕЛІ ВІБРАЦІЙНОГО СТОЛУ

In this article, a mathematical model is obtained, which combines the design and technological parameters of the technological set of equipment for the concrete goods production (vibrating table), in which the vibrating exciter is fixed on the lever vertically in the center under the plate compactor. This equipment is used for the manufacture of small-sized concrete products. The mathematical model is composedwith the help of Lagrange equations of the second kind, which are the most common method for solving problems about the motion of a mechanical system. Methods of mathematical physics and physical and mathematical modeling by methods of applied mechanics were used in the compilation.To determine the position and describe the free motions of the material bodies that make up the mechanical system under consideration, an orthogonal vi-brational reference system of three coordinate systems was used. Analyzing the kinematic diagram of the vibration table, it is determined that the position in space of all material bodies of the mechanical system, which simulates the specified vibrating table, can be uniquely set by the following independent parameters: Cartesian coordinates, vibration angles and the angle of rotation of debalance.Thus, the mechanical system in question has seven degrees of freedom with seven generalized coordi-nates.As a result, a mathematical model of a vibrating table for concrete products manufacturing in the form of seven second order differential equations system, which describes the vibrating table spatial motion surface, is obtained.The theoretical values of the vibrating table vibrations amplitude at variable lever length were also determined and compared with experi-mental data at the same initial parameters. The difference was 15%, which confirms the adequacy of the created mathematical model to the real technological process on the vibrating table, which is being studied.Analyzing the change in the vibration oscillations amplitude on the vibrating table working surface from the change in the lever length on which the vibrating exciter is fixed, it was found that the lever fixation allows an almost linear increase in the amplitude of vibration oscillations due to an increase in the lever length. This, in turn, makes it possible to reduce energy consumption when compacting the concrete mixture.

Влияние неоднородности температурного поля на перенос паров кремния от зеркала расплава к изделию в ходе высокотемпературного силицирования

We study a modified physical and mathematical model of high-temperature transfer of silicon va-por from the melt mirror to the surface of an absorbing sample of a porous medium that occurs in a rarefied carrier medium under medium vacuum conditions. Carbon fiber of artificial origin acts as a porous medium. The process of gaseous silicon transfer from the melt mirror to the surface of the product was previously studied in the case of a uniform temperature distribution in space. Howev-er, in a real technological process this condition is generally not fulfilled. Thus, this phenomenon needs to be studied in the case of an inhomogeneous temperature distribution. It is shown that, as was the case in the previous study, the physical and mathematical model of transfer allows the de-scription of the process with the help of one nonlinear partial differential equation for the concentration.

Virtual Interface Technology in the Process of Simulation of Complex Functional Modules of Control Systems for Industrial Robots and Multi-Axis Mechatronic Systems

Purpose of research. Development of a tool for debugging intelligent control system algorithms, including the development of a vision system and planning a software trajectory for an industrial robot.Methods. To achieve this goal, a review of existing simulation tools was carried out. A protocol of contactless humanrobot interaction is presented. An algorithm for the recognition of gesture commands based on the difference of three-dimensional binary microblocks and the construction of the skeleton of the human body has been developed. An example of using the ROBOGuid software tool for imitating the motion of an industrial robot in the development and debugging of its own control methods focused on real objects is presented.Results. The use of digital twins of technological equipment to simulate and display real technological processes in a virtual environment, in the context of the formation of a new concept of Industry 4.0 and the sixth technological order, allows improving the main and auxiliary production processes, as well as analyzing, researching and evaluating the economic efficiency of new technological and technical solutions. Simulation allows the development of ergonomic ways of human interaction with mechatronic objects. The solution proposed in the work was tested on the example of working out a complex spatial contour that simulates the milling of a part. Experimental studies of the gesture command recognition algorithm proposed in the work were carried out on the publicly available UCF101 dataset, the results are compared with known approaches to recognizing human actions.Conclusion. The developed interface module was used on the example of working out a complex spatial contour that simulates the milling of a part, and the method of a contactless robot control system has shown its effectiveness and the need to develop this direction.

АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРОЦЕССА ИНДУКЦИОННОЙ ПАЙКИ

The paper has devoted to the research and automation of mathematical modeling of the processof heating the elements of the thin-walled aluminum waveguide path when working out theinduction soldering technological procedure. The paper has reviewed the method of mathematicalmodeling of the induction soldering technological process. In order to develop the technologicalprocess of induction soldering, an instant source of a flat rod heating is used as a mathematicalmodel of waveguide path heating. As part of this work, a functional automated subsystem of mathematicalmodeling of the induction soldering technological process of thin-walled metal waveguidesof cosmic aircraft was designed and implemented. The functionality of the application allowsyou to make an automated construction of the mathematical model of the induction solderingtechnological process with specified parameters, performing calculations of the temperature valuesof the part-components participating in the process of the induction soldering, depending onthe specified sizes, structural-physical and thermodynamic characteristics, the power of the inductorand the position of the flange/couplings relative to the inductor. The obtained software productis an optimal solution for integration with the system that produces the process of controlling theinduction soldering of the waveguide paths of spacecraft as a generator of mathematical models ofthe induction soldering process for machine learning. Comparative researches of the inductionsoldering models have carried out, which builds the mathematical module of the program for theircompliance with the real process in permissible limits. Experiments have conducted on a softwaresystem for controlling the induction soldering process of the waveguide paths, including an inductionheating generator, an inductor, a manipulator, an IPPC-9171G-07BTO industrial computerwith a control console. An experimental verification of the correctness of the selected mathematicalmodel of the induction soldering technological process and the correctness of its implementationin the developed software application has performed. The MSE values of the results of modelingand real technological processes of induction soldering have calculated. As a result of attentiveand model experiments, it has established that the application of the induction heating of theelements of thin-walled aluminum waveguide paths of cosmic aircraft with a sufficiently high accuracysimulates this technological process.

ОСНОВНІ ПОЛОЖЕННЯ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ СТВОРЕННЯ БЕЗПІЛОТНОЇ АВІАЦІЙНОЇ ТРАНСПОРТНОЇ СИСТЕМИ

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles is at an early stage, which is characterized by a significant level of development of unmanned aerial vehicles and their elements, as well as the lack of grounds for the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in real technological processes. The resolution of this contradiction requires the solution of various problems of a conceptual, technical, technological, methodological, organizational, legal and regulatory nature.The use of an unmanned aviation transport system helps to avoid the traditional mistakes that arise during the manned use of aviation technology, eliminating the human factor, helps to accelerate the delivery of goods, reduces the amount of inventory of goods and materials, and increases the productivity and efficiency of transportation.In general, today the use of unmanned aircraft systems in the civilian industry is practically limited to special cases of local applications in favor of solving current industrial or economic problems, mainly through an experimental procedure. Consequently, the market for unmanned aerial systems is expected to grow, which will overcome a number of technical and administrative barriers that restrict the use of unmanned aerial systems in national airspace. It should be noted the increasing spread of unmanned systems in public transport.The purpose of this work was to assess the main provisions of the concept of creating an unmanned aviation transport system from the point of view of aerodynamics, in terms of weight perfection, in terms of strength, in control, in aircraft systems, in electronics, in operational manufacturability, reliability and safety, and to show that such cargo drones will competitive with large manned commercial cargo planes and road transport.This research was motivated by the growing worldwide interest in unmanned cargo aircraft. It focused in particular on improving cargo drones over existing conventional general aviation aircraft, and this should be seen as a preliminary step towards a comprehensive assessment of unmanned cargo transport systems.

Inkjet-printed HF antenna made on PET substrate

PurposeThis paper aims to study planar antenna fabrication in inkjet printing technology. It presents the technological problems connected with the effective deposition of nanoparticle ink on PET substrate via a piezoelectric printhead, as well as the parameters of the fabricated structures. Design/methodology/approachAn antenna model for HF RFID tag was prepared using the tool HyperLynx 3D EM tool on the basis of the results of preliminary studies in the field of inkjet printing. The inkjet printing process was studied by observing the parameters of drops formed by the piezoelectric printhead. The drops of nanoparticle ink were deposited on heated PET substrate which was treated and untreated. After recognizing the morphology conditions simple structures were printed and their profiles were measured. In the next step, antenna structures were printed on untreated PET using an anti-spread strategy. The morphology of the antenna element was observed and defects caused by the various drop parameters were analyzed. The impedance of fabricated antennas was measured and linked to the technological parameters in the discussion section of this paper. The influence of the ageing processes on the antenna properties was finally investigated. FindingsThe results indicate the possibility of inkjet printing the antennas on untreated PET. The antenna parameters are sufficiently repeatable, but the ink deposition technique employed leads to an increase in antenna resistance because of defects caused by the diversity of the drops parameters. The ageing processes cause a decrease in resistance, contrary to preliminary expectations. Originality/valueThis study presents the results of original empirical research connected with the technological processes operating on new nanomaterials and identifies problems that must be resolved in order to disseminate this technology. Research limitations/implicationsBecause of the research method chosen (selected printhead type, substrate, nanoparticle ink and how the technological process was conducted), this study may have limited universality. Therefore, the authors encourage the study of other kinds of equipment and antenna printing materials. Practical implicationsThis study contains the results of real technological processes that can be repeated by other researchers. The results can also be helpful in developing new improved process parameters which can be applied in other processes.

ЧИСЛІВНИК ЯК ЕЛІТНИЙ КОМПОНЕНТ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ У СУЧАСНОМУ ПРОФЕСІЙНОМУ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОМУ ПРОСТОРІ

The article is devoted to the problem of normative and use of numerals in the information space (professional communication, communication in the media and everyday contacts). Attention is drawn to the consistently large number of errors in the functioning of this part of speech, analysed violations of the literary norm in numerals at the phonetic, accentual and morphological levels, provides typical errors and recommendations for their correction and prevention. The relevance of the study of this linguistic pathology is that the numerator occupies one of the first places in the register of non-normative use of linguistic units of modern Ukrainian literary language, although it is semantically limited exact lexical unit that expresses such an important conceptual category as quantitative. Violations related to this part of the language distort the content of the message, leading to significant errors in many areas of professional communication, where accuracy and completeness are paramount. In addition, they can cause negative consequences in the real technological process in production. Such non-normative use does not contribute to the establishment and development of normal communication of communicators at the household level, when there is a need for specific dosed information, and sometimes even becomes a lingual tool of fraudulent spheres. Theoretical postulates on the functioning of numerals do not sufficiently regulate the oral aspect of its use. Although these rules are not complicated and can be easily assimilated by native speakers, the number of errors in this part of the language not only does not decrease, but, conversely, increases exponentially. This, of course, requires the immediate intervention of linguists. The article provides brief recommendations for mastering certain grammatical categories that characterize this part of speech and allow you to easily get rid of negative lingual habits. Particular emphasis is placed on the specifics of the functioning of numerals in professional communication, as they are one of the main applicants in the professional field, including special text. Knowledge of language and literary norms is an important element of the linguistic portrait of a specialist, which is an important tool of competition in the modern world.

Influence of a complex loading on a behavior of an aluminum alloy within the framework of the Portevin - Le Chatelier effect

The effects of discontinuous flow led to a significant decrease in strength and plasticity, and reduce the quality of the material surface (Krishtall M.M., Estrin Y., McCormik P.G., Wang X.G., etc.). The localization of a plastic flow because of the formation of deformation bands leads to a difference in material thickness, to the formation of defects and premature failure. One of the main tasks in the numerical and experimental study of the Portevin– Le Chatelier (PLC) effect is to establish the main physical and mechanical factors that cause the occurrence of this type of instability of plastic deformation and to determine the region of its existence. The paper presents a small analysis of works where numerical studies of the PLC effect are associated with experimental studies. Due to the fact that in real technological processes the material undergoes complex loading; and to determine the parameters of various models, the results of experiments obtained under uniaxial loading are not enough; the article presents the methodology and results of studying the effect of complex loading on the behavior of Al-Mg alloy.

РАЗРАБОТКА СИСТЕМЫ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ, КОНТРОЛЯ И УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИМ ПРОЦЕССОМ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА РАДИОФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКИХ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ. ЧАСТЬ 1. ВЕРОЯТНОСТНАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРОЦЕССА

The article proposes a probabilistic model of the technological process (TP) for radiopharmaceuticals manufacturing. The TP allows analyzing its behavior and describing other processes occurring in it in details. The TP is considered as a black box with observable and latent variables. It is assumed that there is a dependence between them, but its type is not determined, that is there is no relationship between them and there is uncertainty, which is analyzed by introducing a joint probability distribution for both observed and latent variables. This makes it possible to model a real technological process from the point of view of investigating critical situations in which it may be located as a result of a fault or failure of executable operations due to the impact of hidden and negatively influencing factors.

Selection of rational electrochemical methods for controlling the efficiency of machining of corrosion-resistant steel

The article discusses methods of controlling the processes of mechanical processing based on electrochemical effects. The corresponding anodic polarization curves of 1X18H9T steel obtained in electrolyte solutions without and with stirring are presented. The article discusses methods of machining processes control based on electrochemical effects. Lubricating and cooling technological media (LCTM) used in machining are in most cases electrolytes, therefore, electrochemical processes and phenomena actively occur during contact dynamic machining. It is possible to control the processes of machining by acting on the system elements of the tool - LCTM- part, in particular by activating the LCTM and reducing the strength characteristics of the processed steel in the cutting zone. A reserve for increasing the efficiency of mechanical processing can be the composition selection of the applied LCTM, combined with the simultaneous electrochemical polarization of the treated surface of friction pair parts. It was found that when cutting, the efficiency of machining and the chip shapes are changed, which is explained by the influence of the current density on the strength of the processed steel. In the conditions of machining, complex dynamic processes occur due to the rotation of the work piece and/or tool, so it is necessary to take into account the hydrodynamic phenomena and processes that arise in this case. Electrode potentials are considered to be the most important characteristic of the metal cutting process. The potential of the system can regulate such processes and indicators as wear and surface micro hardness. Anodic polarization curves of the steel 1X18H9T obtained in various electrolyte solutions without stirring and with stirring on a rotating disk electrode are given. The study allowed determining the factors affecting the processes occurring in the cutting zone and to identify rational current densities due to simulating the conditions of real technological processes of the combined steel processing. The increase in the processing intensity of the steel 1X18H9T with the cutting zone polarization is associated with the action of factors activating the selective anodic dissolution of the processed alloy.

Application of spectral analysis methods for data pre-processing of anomaly detection problem of vibration diagnostics in non-destructive testing

The paper is devoted to the problem of primary data processing obtained in the vibration measurements during the processing of the workpiece on a milling machine with computer numerical control. An experimental setup is described and an algorithm for analysing vibration diagnostics signals using a mathematical machine learning tool is proposed. Special attention is paid to the study of the rigidity characteristics of the machine at different relative positions of its components. The analysis of the equipment design and factors affecting the ongoing process is carried out, as a result of which the received signal is processed and its characteristic fragments in the time and frequency domains are identified. The data is prepared for further use in solving the problem of detecting anomalies of the technological process, which implies predicting the progress of the technological process based on a mathematical model constructed using machine learning methods, and identifying deviations of the real technological process from the forecast. Preliminary preparation is carried out using the windowed Fourier transform. Various variants of windows in the transformation are considered, including those constructed using atomic functions. Calculations are performed using the Python 3.9 language, the main results are supported by graphs. The development of training methods for the considered models of neural networks is the subject of further research.