Real Smartphone Research Articles

Privacy-Preserving Profile Matching for Proximity-Based Mobile Social Networking

Proximity-based mobile social networking (PMSN) refers to the social interaction among physically proximate mobile users. The first step toward effective PMSN is for mobile users to choose whom to interact with. Profile matching refers to two users comparing their personal profiles and is promising for user selection in PMSN. It, however, conflicts with users' growing privacy concerns about disclosing their personal profiles to complete strangers. This paper tackles this open challenge by designing novel fine-grained private matching protocols. Our protocols enable two users to perform profile matching without disclosing any information about their profiles beyond the comparison result. In contrast to existing coarse-grained private matching schemes for PMSN, our protocols allow finer differentiation between PMSN users and can support a wide range of matching metrics at different privacy levels. The performance of our protocols is thoroughly analyzed and evaluated via real smartphone experiments.

Supporting distributed feed-following apps over edge devices

In feed-following applications such as Twitter and Facebook, users (consumers) follow a large number of other users (producers) to get personalized feeds, generated by blending producers- feeds. With the proliferation of Cloud-connected smart edge devices such as smartphones, producers and consumers of many feed-following applications reside on edge devices and the Cloud. An important design goal of such applications is to minimize communication (and energy) overhead of edge devices. In this paper, we abstract distributed feed-following applications as a view maintenance problem, with the goal of optimally placing the views on edge devices and in the Cloud to minimize communication overhead between edge devices and the Cloud. The view placement problem for general network topology is NP Hard; however, we show that for the special case of Cloud-edge topology, locally optimal solutions yield a globally optimal view placement solution. Based on this powerful result, we propose view placement algorithms that are highly efficient, yet provably minimize global network cost. Compared to existing works on feed-following applications, our algorithms are more general--they support views with selection, projection, correlation (join) and arbitrary black-box operators, and can even refer to other views. We have implemented our algorithms within a distributed feed-following architecture over real smartphones and the Cloud. Experiments over real datasets indicate that our algorithms are highly scalable and orders-of-magnitude more efficient than existing strategies for optimal placement. Further, our results show that optimal placements generated by our algorithms are often several factors better than simpler schemes.

Development of Sensor Based Applications for the Android Platform: an Approach Based on Realistic Simulation

Smart phones are equipped with a wide range of sensors (such as GPS, light, accelerometer, gyroscope, etc.) and allow users to be connected everywhere. These characteristics offer a rich information source for creating context-aware applications. However, testing these applications in the lab, before their deployment, could become a hard task or impossible because of sensors correlation, too wide testing area or an excessive number of people involved. This work aims to solve these problems carrying out the testing in a simulator, simulating the world in which the application user is immersed into. Tester controls her avatar and the avatar has a simulated smart phone that is connected with the user’s smart phone. Applications under test are installed on the real smart phone and are compiled with a library that replaces standard services of the sensors by others that offer data sensor from the simulator (depending on the simulated smart phone context) instead of real world.

Design and Active Video Test for Built-In TDMB Antenna in Smartphones

A simple built-in terrestrial digital multimedia broadcasting (TDMB) antenna for smartphones is proposed and experimentally tested in real field conditions in this letter. The proposed antenna was designed as folded monopole type mounted on the outer frame of a smartphone to avoid interference from various noise sources. This internal TDMB antenna was installed in a real smartphone (IM-A760S: Pantech), with passive and active video tests done. Its performance was compared to the conventional multistage rod-type antenna's, while a comparative evaluation was conducted on its performance in strong and weak electrical fields.

Testing context-aware services based on smartphones by agent based social simulation

Smartphones are increasingly popular each year and have more and better sensors. These sensors are a rich information source for creating context-aware applications. Testing these applications directly in living labs is very expensive since it involves, among other things, setting up a reproduction of the environment where the application or service under test will be executed. This paper proposes the UbikMobile architecture which aims to provide developers with tools to test context-aware services based on smartphones in a simulated environment. The primary goal in UbikMobile is to reduce the faults in the software as much as possible. The main contribution is that a real smartphone, and not only an emulator, can be connected to the simulated world to conduct: 1 manual tests i.e. the developer controls an avatar in the simulation; and, 2 automatic tests i.e. agents in the simulation are capable of interacting automatically with the smartphone. This paper shows the main design decisions in the architecture presented to allow the interested reader to reproduce or to extend our results. It Also includes a number of case studies to illustrate how to use the architecture.

Enhancing online power estimation accuracy for smartphones

This paper proposes an advanced online power estimation technique for multi-core smartphones. The proposed technique models each hardware component's power behavior, considering the component's power consumption characteristics. Our evaluation results show that the proposed technique has high accuracy (92.8%~97.2%) for applications in our evaluations, enough to be used in real smartphones.

Asymmetric flash volume management

Logical volume management over an SLC (Single-Level Cell) / MLC (Multi-Level Cell) combined flash storage can provide improved performance and reliability. This paper proposes an asymmetric flash volume management (AFVM) scheme, which exploits the asymmetry of SLC and MLC flash memory in their service time characteristics. By hot data identification and periodic data migration, AFVM tries to maximize the overall read/write performance of the logical volume. Through extensive simulations with measured data on a real smartphone, we evaluate the performance of AFVM in comparison with other placement policies. Our experiments derive the best trade-off between the performance and overheads for various values of tunable parameters such as migration unit size, migration traffic limit, and migration period. The results show that AFVM could give better solutions, significantly reducing the execution time of a trace-driven workload at the expense of a negligible decrease in flash lifetime.

실시간 위치기반 예약시스템 구축을 위한 이동통신망과 스마트폰 최적 활용에 관한 연구

Recently increasing usage of smart phones so, the application field of convergence industry between IT technology using smart phone-based mobile communication networks and other industry branches is expanding. In addition, R&D technologies in other fields are applied to smart phone applications effectively in order to develop products and support daily life more convenient. However, it is very hard to control these products and there is no efficient solution for this problem when many people are sent to specific area for big events, such as Biennale, Film Festival, EXPO, and so on. In order to solve this problem, this paper describes a network-based ticket reservation system and its organization using augmented reality on smart phone and mobile communication networks. In particular, we propose a method of designing and developing prototyping system based on smart phone application design technologies, prior to developing real smart phone application.

An Opened Eye on you

As personal communication platforms, third-generation (3G) smartphones have become increasingly pervasive in recent years. Unfortunately, they contain more personal and confidential information and are easily compromised. Particularly, we design and implement stealthy video capturer (SVC), a new video-based spyware, on real 3G smartphones. The SVC can steal private information of users by secretly recording and transmitting videos to a third party. We present two practical applications of SVC, i.e., mobile forensics and child care. We anticipate that this article will draw extensive attention to the readers of this issue.

안드로이드 기반 로고를 이용한 증강현실 시스템

스마트 폰의 등장과 모바일 인터넷을 제공함에 따라 휴대폰은 음성통신 수단이 아닌 웹을 통하여 서비스를 제공받는 도구 또는 각종 게임 및 응용 어플리케이션을 제공하는 놀이 수단으로도 발전하였고, 이로 인하여 사용량도 증가하였다. 사용량의 급증으로 인하여 모바일 광고에 대한 업계의 관심도 증가 하였지만, 한정적인 출력 화면에 의하여 광고 효과가 제한적일 수밖에 없다. 이를 보완하기 위해, 본 논문에서는 기업의 로고 광고의 효과를 극대화 할 수 있는 안드로이드 기반 로고 인식 증강 현실 시스템을 제안하였고, 이를 구현하여 실제 스마트 폰에 탑재한 후 다양한 성능 분석을 하였다. 실험결과, 그 가능성은 확인하였지만 현 하드웨어 성능상 실시간으로 지원하기에는 역부족임을 알 수 있었다. A mobile phone is becoming no longer a voice communication tool due to smartphones and mobile internet. Also, it now becomes a total entertainment device on which we can play game and get services by variety applications through the Web. As smartphones are getting more popular, their usages are also increased, which makes the interest of advertising industry in mobile advertisement increased but it is bound to be limited by the size of the screen. In this paper, we suggest an augmented reality logo system based on Android platform to maximize the effect of logo advertisement. After developing software and mounting it on a real smartphone, its performances are analyzed in various ways. The results show the possibility of its application to real world but it's not enough to provide real time service because of the low performance of hardware.

모바일 RFID 프라이버시를 위한 인증 프로토콜 성능 평가

Mobile RFID system, that consists of the existing RFID reader mounted on the mobile devices such as smartphones, is able to provide the users a variety of services and convenience. Although the users can get the information about a certain product anytime anywhere, there is high probability that their privacy may be violated because their belongings with RFID tags can be scanned by other mobile readers at any time. Several RFID authentication schemes have been proposed to deal with these privacy issues. However, since the existing solutions require heavy computation on the tag side, most of them is not applicable to the general low-cost passive tags which do not have any processing unit. In this paper, we propose the efficient authentication scheme for mobile RFID system applicable to the passive tags as well as the active ones by the best use of computing capability of mobile devices. The proposed scheme satisfies the import security issues such as tag protection, untraceability, anti-traffic analysis. We also implement the proposed scheme on top of real smartphone for feasibility and show the experimental results from it.

E-bra With Nanosensors for Real Time Cardiac Health Monitoring and Smartphone Communication

Mortality due to cardiac related ailments has been consistently higher in women as compared with men since the early 1980s in the United States. Gender related differences in specificity of regular noninvasive diagnostic tools and the lack of a clear understanding of the effect of postmenopausal hormonal changes in women have been cited as the two main reasons for this disparity. Recent advances in secondary and tertiary diagnostic information extraction techniques from signals such as electrocardiogram (ECG) through heart rate variability (HRV) analysis and wavelet domain analysis techniques have revealed many differences in autonomic nervous-cardiovascular activity regulation, between men and women. Moreover, the diagnostic tests for cardiovascular diseases usually start upon the manifestation of chest pain or angina. At this stage, disease management is the only option as opposed to preventive treatments, which is also possible with early detection based on the diagnostic information extraction techniques as stated previously. In order to truly realize the potential of such techniques, continuous and long-term monitoring is an essential requirement. This, in turn, requires sensor systems to be seamlessly mounted on day to day clothing for women. This paper describes an e-bra platform for nanosensors toward cardiovascular monitoring. The sensors, nanomaterial, or textile based dry electrodes acquire electrocardiograph, which is sent to a textile mounted wireless module. A smartphone or a wireless Bluetooth enabled PC can receive these data and store or process the information as necessary. In this paper, we wirelessly acquire ECG from subjects with the e-bra and perform HRV analysis on a PC. The use of a Smartphone as a base station for receiving data offers the advantage of cellular network connectivity to internet and consequently cloud computing resources for more complex computations such as feature extraction and automatic diagnosis. To address this capability, we further propose a protocol for response to emergencies from both the cloud backend and the smartphone itself.

Characterizing and modeling user activity on smartphones

In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of real smartphone usage during a 6-month study of real user activity on the Android G1 smartphone. Our goal is to study the high-level characteristics of smartphone usage, and to understand the implications on optimizing smartphones, and their networks. Overall, we present 11 findings that cover general usage behavior, interaction with the battery, power consumption, network activity, frequently-run applications, and modeling usage states.