Real Facts Research Articles

A Game-based Approach for Open Data in Education: A Systematic Mapping Review

Open Data is defined as digital data that is made available with the technical and legal characteristics necessary to be freely used, reused, and redistributed by anyone, anytime and anywhere. Examples of Open Data can be data on mobility or pollution, which an increasing number of cities are making available to citizens. In education, the novel field of Open Data has the potential of empowering a young generation with digital skills and critical thinking through work with real-life Open Data. However, the scarcity of methods and tools for skills development and insertion into educational designs reduces the possibility of achieving this potential. This study is part of the project ODECO, aimed at addressing challenges in the creation of Open Data ecosystems in several contexts, such as education. A systematic mapping review was conducted to uncover the research connections between Open Data education and educational games. Twenty-eight studies were identified and analysed through iterative searching and including keywords related to Gamification, Open Data and Education. In doing this, relevant themes and novel approaches in the current literature were found. This paper discusses how the fields of Open Data education and educational games methodologically and theoretically contribute to outline a game-based approach for Open Data in education. An Open Data Gamified Education Framework leads to authentic learning experiences for real-world problem solving in relation to eight actions: connecting classroom activities to real facts, empowering students to act with Open Data, supporting technical Open Data skills in the classroom, building literacy and developing skills, enhancing civic participation, creating more realistic and appealing narratives, extending teaching outside the classroom by collecting data in real time and local settings, and increasing engagement and motivation.

PROCEDURES FOR OBTAINING AND EVALUATING AUDIT EVIDENCE

The purpose of the article is to study the process of obtaining audit evidence and methods of their evaluation in the context of the application of International Auditing Standards. The article defines the concept of audit evidence. The main requirements for audit evidence are characterized (acceptability as a measure of the quality of audit evidence; sufficiency as a measure of the amount of audit evidence). The content of the international audit standards, which determine the procedure for collecting audit evidence (IAS 500, IAS 501, IAS 505, IAS 520, IAS 315, IAS 330), is highlighted. The classification of audit evidence is presented (depending on the sources of receipt, on proximity to the real fact, on the method of obtaining audit evidence, on the form of submission, on the purpose of evidence collection, on the degree of accuracy, on the degree of reliability and persuasiveness). The essence of audit procedures used to obtain audit evidence (verification, request, confirmation, recalculation, analytical procedures) is highlighted. Procedures for collecting audit evidence are analyzed on the example of checking the correctness of depreciation (amortization) of fixed assets and its display in accounting. The situations that characterize the correspondence of accounting data with financial reporting data are defined. The characteristics of assessing the quality of audit evidence (sufficiency, reliability, relevance, usefulness) are revealed. The stages of obtaining audit evidence are proposed, which include determining the purpose of obtaining audit evidence, determining the sources of information for obtaining evidence, assessing the risks of material distortion of information, choosing audit procedures, collecting evidence, analyzing the collected evidence, collecting the necessary additional evidence, evaluating the obtained evidence, forming an opinion the auditor based on the received evidence. It was established that the value of each stage of obtaining audit evidence is determined by the sequence of the auditor's actions, the degree of importance of the results obtained at a certain stage of the audit from the point of view of the validity of the general results, the amount of time and labor costs.

Sounds of Accompaniment

Sounds of Accompaniment

QUANTUM SEMIOTICS AND FEATURES OF ITS APPLICATION TO THE FORMATION OF OBJECTS OF DESIGN, ARCHITECTURE AND ART

The article considers the main approaches to defining the essence of the concept of quantum semiotics in the field of design, architecture, and art. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that quantum semiotics is gradually gaining ground in the modern world as a kind of response to evolutionary changes in the algorithms of human mental activity. This approach allows us to perceive information about the current reality and create its alternative version, in particular, in works of visual art. In this paper, quantum semiotics is considered as the ability of a person to perceive the world around him according to the quantum complementarity principle (augmented reality).
 The quantum-semiotic approach in the humanities makes it possible to trace the transformation of real cultural facts, events, phenomena, or objects into signs, to analyze their semantic content and ways of transformation into symbols. Similar processes of object symbolization occur due to the number of images laid down by the author, perceived from different angles of view, and can carry different meanings that complement each other.
 The study and analysis of several examples of works of visual art suggest that the quantum-semiotic method of forming and perceiving the image of objects (works) can be considered an organic part of the highest scientific and theoretical approach, namely the synergetic one, which, among other things, makes it possible to choose key points of human knowledge of the world. Thanks to the ability of a human creator - a scientist or a practitioner - to go beyond the facts of cognition and use interdisciplinary methods in their work, in particular quantum-semiotic methods, viewers are allowed to perceive the multi-layered world around them, as well as imagine its multifaceted parallels in their minds. Thus, the studied facts form ideas and concepts, and in general create messages that can only be understood by the sender and a specific recipient, or by all of humanity.
 The paper emphasizes the need to introduce the concept of "quantum semiotics" into scientific circulation in the field of design, architecture, and art through the proposed quantum semiotic method; features and strategies for the development of quantum semiotics in design, architecture, and art, as well as its application in theory and practice, are considered.

Foreign Language Teaching: Content of Poly- And Multicultural Education

The paper considers foreign language teaching through addressing the issues of quality in education and highlighting the significance of including certain methodologies connected with educating poly- and multicultural personalities in teacher training processes. The mentioned anticipates changes to be made not only to the structure of teaching foreign languages in polyand multicultural education but also to the educational content. Therefore, what is discussed first relates to a huge dilemma on the terrains of Ukraine, neighbouring and some post-Soviet countries in respect of wrong and/or misleading usage of the terms ‘polyculturalism’, ‘multiculturalism’, ‘polycultural education’, ‘multicultural education’, etc., as well as disconnection of major researches in the clear differentiation among poly- and multicultural education, intercultural and cross-cultural communication and so on. The paper scratches tentatively on the discrepancies identified in the foreign publications of Russian scholars, which might have been built up on verified research data but fail to meet the factual reality as per surveys and questionnaires conducted by independent trusted global agencies. The principal value of the work may associate with the objectives of poly- and multicultural education described in the main body, and a list of expected qualities of a future foreign language teacher who is poly- and multiculturally diverse and ready to face today’s challenges in a globalising world.

Фактоид vs фейк: идентификация и модели анализа

The relevance of the study is due to the problem of inaccurate information identification in the media space. The legislative acts designed to solve this problem do not offer terms for this kind of messages, and current methods of linguistic examination do not provide tools for distinguishing inaccurate messages with different intentional bases. A review of approaches to qualifying inaccurate information in media linguistics and in the field of forensic linguistics has been conducted. Fact-forming principles have been highlighted; they allow the creator of a distorted fact to make deceit invisible and effective, which results in the interiorization of this fact in the minds of mass audience. Inaccurate messages that distort reality are proposed to be divided into two groups, namely, factoids and fakes. The former are socially dangerous plausible information that claims to be a real fact. The latter are messages that suggest entertaining and playful understanding and do not pose a threat of harm to human life. Models of linguistic analysis of factoids performing a manipulative function and fakes aimed at entertaining the audience have been developed. Particular attention is paid to the criteria for distinguishing fakes and factoids; an example of inaccurate information, demonstrating signs of both pragmatic types for a manipulation purpose, was considered.

The figure of the fake doctor in the era of covid-19: rereading Molière

With the emblematic figures of false doctors, the rereading of The imaginary patient (2012) and The Doctor despite him (2018) reveals a reality corroborating medical imposture through false doctors. The theatrical piece synthesizes a certain number of real facts, which accentuate the doubt on medicine; and the inability of science to overcome human disaster. Illness, like the current covid-19 pandemic, constitutes in theatrical poetics a comic variation on the theme of human ignorance. Our article is part of a hermeneutic approach and is inspired by the socio-analytical approach of Pierre Bourdieu, based on the interpretation of the sociolects and idiolects present in the work. A way of understanding the symbolic significance of a discourse of fear and hope in the theatrical environment. The study on the figure of the fake doctor in the era of covid-19 aims primarily to go beyond the discursive framework of a comic fable for an ethical reflection on man and his faith in science. Keywords: doctors, theatre, patients, covid-19, pandemic.

Real True Facts: A Reply to Currie and Swaim

Real True Facts: A Reply to Currie and Swaim

Different systems, similar challenges: humor and free speech in the United States and Europe

Abstract The United States and Europe are often contrasted with each other regarding their approach to freedom of expression. Yet, despite the differences between their respective judicial systems, courts from both regions inevitably face similar interpretive challenges when dealing with humor. Our paper conducts a comparative discussion of humor-related jurisprudence from the US and Europe, mostly (but not exclusively) focusing on two landmark cases – namely Hustler v. Falwell (US Supreme Court, 1988) and Vereinigung Bildender Künstler v. Austria (European Court of Human Rights, 2007). In particular, our analysis foregrounds two aspects: 1) How courts deal with the complex relations between humor, exaggeration and factual reality; 2) The role of objective harm (as opposed to subjective offence) in distinguishing between lawful and unlawful expression, and how the subjectivity of humor interpretation can undermine this criterion. On both levels, we argue that insights from literary and linguistic theories of humor – from Simpson’s work on satirical discourse to Attardo and Raskin’s General Theory of Verbal Humor – can set the basis for a more fine-grained and systematic approach to humor across different judicial systems.

Un nuevo rostro de Dios para nuestro tiempo

The experience of evil and suffering is a real fact and facing this is necessary to find sense in the mistery of pain. It is only from a faithful look that we can get closer to the deep mistery of suffering. There are innumerable questions that emerge from this experience: Why does evil exist? Does God allow it? Why doesn't God stop such terrible experience of pain and suffering? From all of these questions and others that could probably emerge, it is strictly necessary to make a theological question: Is it possible to even think about God's suffering? This led to a paradigm shift in Trinitarian-theological reflection, moving from the notion of an immutable and apathetic God, to a passive and suffering God. In this article, the author addresses the study of the axiom of divine patheia from its causes, its theological implications and the contributions of contemporary theological reflection, to enlighten the real and suffering man of our time and to express its relevance and capital importance in current theological reflection.

Exome sequencing contributes to identify comorbidities in a rare case of infant ARDS induced by the CD40LG mutation

BackgroundAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) causes significant mortality in young children with certain diseases. Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce infant mortality. Here, we report a rare case of exome sequencing in the early diagnosis of immunodeficiency in an infant.Case presentationA four-month-old full-term male infant presented with severe shortness of breath, hypoxemia, and unexplained parenchymal lung lesions. A series of examinations were performed to search for potential culprit viruses but negative results were obtained with the only exception being the rhinovirus that tested positive. The child’s family history revealed he had a brother who died of severe infection at the age of two years. We performed an exome sequencing analysis and a mutation analysis of CD40LG to obtain genetic data on the patient. Besides, we used flow cytometry to measure the CD40LG expression levels of activated T cells. A retrospective review of all the CD40LG mutant-induced X-linked hyper IgM syndromes (XHIGM) had been conducted to assess the differences between clinical and genetic molecular features. Finally, a regular intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) regimen led to steady breathing, the correction of hypoxemia, and a progressive improvement of lung CT scans. During follow-up, the patient received an IVIG regimen and his CT images improved. Moreover, his parents took advantage of pre-implantation genetic testing with in vitro fertilization to have a healthy twin offspring who did not carry such a mutation according to the early exome sequencing for the proband. Compared with other CD40LG mutant cases in our center, this proband displayed a normal plasma immunoglobulin level and he should be the youngest infant to have a molecular diagnosis of XHIGM.ConclusionUsually, XHIGM would not be suspected with a normal plasma immunoglobulin concentration. However, as we could not identify a potential comorbidity or risk factor, exome sequencing helps target this patient's real facts. Thus, this case report calls for exome sequencing to be performed in the case of unexplained infections when immunodeficiency is suspected after general immunological tests, especially for cases with a contributive family history among infants as the maternal transfused immunoglobulin might mask immune deficiency.

Lafcadio Hearn: Between Literature and Journalism

The article is devoted to the early period of the work of the Anglo-American writer Lafcadio Hearn (1850-1904). It mainly includes American articles in periodicals. The topic is poorly studied in the domestic research field, as well as Hearn’s works in general, which leads to scientific novelty. The study was carried out with the help of intertextual and motive analysis of newspaper articles in identifying common plots of the writer’s work and references to other authors. It is noted that although Hearn became famous thanks to his stories and legends collected in Japan, he was formed as a writer in America. The article examines the features of Hearn’s style as a journalist: author’s masks (detective, comical narrator, whistleblower), playful communications with the reader, the presence of Gothic elements, references to literary works of favorite authors, common vocabulary, and combination of real facts with fiction. Hearn’s role as a forerunner of whistle-blowing journalism and new journalism is noted, and a series of articles on the tannery murder are examined. There is a movement from sensational and shocking articles to more calm meditative observations, from external to internal. Journalistic experience, as the study showed, significantly influenced Hearn’s literary activity (brevity of form, mixing documentary and fiction, elements of a detective story, subjective position of the narrator).

Assessment of exam anxiety level among students from selected educational institutions with a view to prepare a self-help guide

Background: The determination and aim of education is to make all round development of human child. On the contrary to it, the real fact is that education alone is not capable of fulfilling all the aims of the man in the modern age. When we go in the depth of it, we can see that there are many reasons for this. Some of them are the curriculum, teaching methodology, pattern of education, methods of discipline, teachers & teaching behavior and methods of doing valuation etc. There exist competitions between the children as well as pressure which may be that from parents as well as from peers. In the present world, children do have different levels of anxiety before exams which may vary from student to student, which in an increased level hinders their ability to perform their best. Therefore, it will be of help if a self help guide can be prepared with a view to help them in overcoming the exam anxiety and to perform at their level best. Hence, the present study is to determine the exam anxiety level among students and to provide them with a self help guide.

Gender Construct Through Visual Culture in Pakistan

Culture is an expression of society that is reflected in the visual arts. It interprets events from a socio-cultural point of view about the issues arising in that setting. In Pakistan, people have greatly imbibed gender perceptions through visual culture. Therefore, it has resulted in bigoted people in society. A visual culture is a visual presentation of gender that is conditioned by bigotry, racism, and sexism. Visual artists and development professionals have noted the gulf between the contents of visual culture and the real facts. Even the art students enormously agreed with the contrasting depiction of gender, which leads to the imbalance of gender constructs in society. This research aims to explore in detail the dynamics of Visual Culture concerning gender representation and encourage people to talk about gender issues, especially through art. Moreover, it aims to orient society to the norms that may be helpful to reduce gender discrimination.

SOCIAL EFFECT OF SOCIAL MEDIA REVEALED IN THE SOCIAL DILEMMA DOCUMENTARY MOVIE: POST-TRUTH PERSPECTIVE

Social media has been a platform to create any social effect in society. Social media is not only utilized to spread useful information, but also misinformation, such as fake news, rumor bombs, and lying intentionally. The Social Dilemma is one of the movies that revealed the social effect of social media, such as; Twitter, Facebook, Tik-Tok, Youtube, and Instagram. These platforms become the center of spreading misinformation, particularly in the midst of pandemic Covid-19 by manipulating real facts and public opinion. This study tried to scrutinize the spreading of misinformation revealed in The Social Dilemma movie through the Post-Truth perspective. Post-Truth believed that the use of social media to disseminate misinformation is related to social, political, and economic interests. People no longer respect the truth but accept it based on what they feel and believe, and social media has become a useful tool to fulfill this function. This study attested that misinformation spread by several social media users and politicians caused social effects such as chaos in the midst of a pandemic, destruction of 5G network towers, the formation of new truths based on misinformation about Covid-19 as a hoax, and the formation of public opinion regarding the Democratic party as the spreader of the Covid-19 virus in the US.

Taylor Series Expansion Method To Compute Approximate Solution for Nonlinear Dynamical System

In this manuscript we have studied a five compartmental mathematical model of Ebola epidemic. Thesuggested mathematical model is classified into susceptible, incubation, infected, isolated infected and recoveredclasses. The Taylor series method (TSM) is used to achieve the approximate results for each compartment.The graphical presentation that corresponds to some real facts is given.

Salmoniformes: marine or freshwater origin?

A long discussion about either marine or freshwater genesis of salmonids is still relevant today. So far, no convincing evidence of any point of view has been found. The arguments to freshwater origin of Salmoniformes are analyzed using the «probabilistic» method of phylogenetic reconstruction and genetic approach. The analysis shows that proposed arguments cannot be considered as evidences for freshwater genesis of this taxon. Real facts and theoretical substantiations of early freshwater Salmoniformes are absent, so there is no need to prove that they acquired freshwater dwell in the Cretaceous-Paleocene in order to become anadromous fish again in the Eocene.

The “Theory of Kim Il-sŏng the Impostor”:

This is a historiographical study of the ‘theory of Kim Il-sŏng the impostor’ – a concept which existed in South Korean academic community in the second half of the 20th century. It claimed that the man who at the time ruled North Korea was not the same person as the Manchurian guerrilla of the 1930s, but rather a fraudster who stole his name. This article shows the roots of this urban legend: it mostly originated from the fact that, indeed, had several other people used the alias ‘Kim Il-sŏng’ as well. For decades this theory had a substantial influence on the South Korean perception of the North, partially thanks to the efforts of one South Korean academic, who made the support of this theory the central point of his entire research career. Even when it was rejected by the academic community is was still supported by a number of die-hard South Korean conservatives. The story of this hypothesis proves that urban legends usually are a twisted reflection of real facts, that a disproved hypothesis can still persist if it fits ideological preferences of a certain group, and that support of just one academic for a theory proven false can increase its period of survival for decades.

Dikotomik İlişkiler Bağlamında Olgu-Değer Problemi

Sosyal bilimlerin en temel kavram çiftlerinden olan olgu-değer dikotomisi, nesnellik, öznellik ve değer-yargı mevzularıyla ilişkilidir. Bu kavram çifti teorik ve uygulamalı araştırmaların her seviyesinde karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Sosyal gerçekliğin ve toplumsal dünyanın doğası araştırılırken olgu-değer düzlemi oldukça hassaslık arz etmektedir. Olguya değer atfetmek ya da değerleri olgu olarak sunmak objektif bilimsel araştırmaların hedefleri bakımından son derece risklidir. Zira olgu-değer dikotomisi, sosyal araştırmalar açısından bilimsel bilgide nesnellik sorunu, değer-yargı problemi, eleştiri ve uygulama esasıyla ilgili önemli birtakım sorular gündeme getirir. Bu soruların yanıtlanması ise olgu-değer dikotomisine dair sosyolojik bir analizi gerekli kılmaktadır. Dolayısıyla söz konusu çalışmanın odak noktasını olgu-değer dikotomisinin ilişkisel sosyolojik analizi oluşturmaktadır. Bu kapsamdan hareketle mevcut çalışmada, olgu-değer dikotomisi, evvela sosyo-felsefi düzlemde ele alınacak akabinde dikotomik ilişkinin sosyoloji disiplini içerisindeki mahiyeti ve önemi üzerinde durulacaktır. Çalışmanın temel gayesi olgusal gerçeklik ile olumsal gerçeklik arasındaki dikotomik ilşkiyi farklı açıdan ele alıp incelemektir. Çalışma, bir yandan dikotomik ilişkinin ontolojik cihetine dikkat çekerken öte yandan epistemolojik ve metodolojik yönlerini açıklığa kavuşturmayı hedeflemektedir. Çalışmayı ehemmiyetli kılan husus, olgu-değer sorunsalını münferit ele almaktan ziyade dikotomik (yani bağıntısal) açıdan araştırmaya konu edinmiş olmasıdır. Diğer bir ifadeyle çalışma, olguyla değerin birbirini var ettiği ve bütünlediği gerçeğinden hareket etmesi bakımından önem arz etmektedir. Çalışma teorik bir bağlamda tasarlandığından fenomenolojik yaklaşım tercih edilmiş analiz tekniği olarak da içerik ve ifade analizlerine ağırlık verilmiştir.

PERANAN GURU AKIDAH AKHLAK TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN AKHLAK PESERTA DIDIK DI MADRASAH ALIYAH DDI AT-TAUFIQ PADAELO KABUPATEN BARRU

This study aims to find out: about the role of Aqidah Akhlak teachers of students, methods of moral formation and also to find out the supporting and inhibiting factors in the formation of students' morals at MA DDI Attaufiq Padaelo, Barru Regency. The type of research used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. It is used to describe and present real data and facts about the cooperation of teachers and parents in fostering the morals of students at MA DDI Attaufiq Padaelo, Barru Regency. Methods of data collection using observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique used is through stages, namely: word reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate: 1) The role of the Aqidah Akhlak Teacher on the moral formation of students at MA DDI Attaufiq Padaelo, Barru Regency by guiding students and exemplifying good morals to students so that they can be disciplined, responsible and have good morals and there are activities religion in schools so that students can easily have good morals and good manners to teachers, friends and in their home environment. 2) The method of forming the character of students is developed through exemplary methods. This shows that there is a need for morals to be fostered, and this guidance has resulted in the formation of Muslim individuals with noble character, obedient to Allah and His Messenger, respect for parents, compassion for fellow creatures of Allah. On the other hand, if the child's morals are not developed, problems will arise such as naughty children who always disturb the community and others. 3) The supporting factors in the formation of morality are the cooperation of the family, educators/teachers, and the community. And the inhibiting factors are the lack of religious education n the family and the attention of parents, and the lack of awareness of the students themselves