Real Activity Research Articles

Penyuluhan Bahaya Narkoba Bagi Generasi Muda Desa Buddih Untuk Mewujudkan Desa Buddih Bebas Narkoba

Real Work Lecture Activities (KKN) in Buddih Village, We, Madura University Group 12 KKN Team, carry out socialization and assistance to the community of Buddih Village, Pademawu District, Pamekasan Regency with the aim of providing education to all village communities, especially teenagers in Buddih Village, about the prevention and impact of drug abuse. . This KKN activity was carried out using the mentoring method, namely by providing counseling to the Buddih Village Community. The aim of implementing this KKN Community Service is to provide knowledge and understanding to the local community about the types and dangers of drugs for health. The expected target in this Service KKN is increasing community knowledge about the types and dangers of drugs for health through the implementation of assistance by the Service KKN Team in order to realize a drug-free Buddih village.

Macroeconomic news, senior officials' speeches, and emerging currency markets: An intraday analysis of price jump reaction

We examine intraday emerging currency jumps in response to domestic and foreign macroeconomic news announcements, as well as US senior officials' speeches. We use the robust-to-jump volatility estimator to estimate currency jumps. We provide evidence that both emerging currency jumps and cojumps exhibit significant and pronounced responses to US monetary policy and real activity news releases. Moreover, we find that domestic monetary policy and economic real activity data, and senior Federal Reserve officials' speeches, trigger significant jumps in emerging currencies, leading to large currency fluctuations that would disrupt market stability, undermining economic resilience and potentially diminishing ESG ratings.

Economic uncertainty, risk-taking incentives and production management

PurposeThis study aims to validate the link between production manipulation and a firm’s performance variability (fundamentals and stock returns). It explores whether executives' risk-taking incentives encourage production deviations around the normal level during uncertainty.Design/methodology/approachUtilizing panel data of manufacturing firms from Compustat over three decades, the study investigates production management practices during economic uncertainty. The Economic Policy Uncertainty Index (EPU) is employed as a key metric. The empirical strategy involves documenting the effect of economic uncertainty on overproduction and underproduction, examining the role of executive compensation and assessing the impact on risk.FindingsThe research finds that risk-taking incentives increase over/underproduction, particularly amplifying the extent of underproduction during uncertainty. Production deviation rises, indicating that firms take greater risk by engaging in abnormal business operations. The study’s results are robust against various econometric methods, emphasizing the influence of risk-taking incentives on corporate production decisions.Research limitations/implicationsWhile providing valuable insights, the study acknowledges inherent limitations, including factors influencing production decisions beyond risk-taking incentives. Further research could explore additional determinants for a comprehensive understanding.Practical implicationsThe findings highlight the potential dark side of executive compensation that motivates suboptimal risk-taking decisions, impacting risk, cost of capital and firm performance. Policymakers and compensation committees can use these insights to design efficient systems that mitigate moral hazard problems associated with productivity changes.Social implicationsThe study emphasizes the broader social implications of production manipulation under uncertainty. It prompts discussions on the ethical considerations of managerial opportunism, its potential consequences for stakeholders and market dynamics.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature by examining the role of economic uncertainty on production manipulation and the influence of risk-taking incentives. It extends the earnings management literature by considering real activity manipulation and emphasizing the importance of decomposing production deviation into positive and negative values.

Unpacking the Effects of Bank Credit Supply Shocks on Economic Activity

In this note, we examine the effects of bank credit supply shocks on real economic activity. First, we estimate how GDP and various aggregate demand sectors respond to such shocks. Second, based on the estimated responses, we compute how much those sectors contribute to the overall response of aggregate demand to bank credit supply shocks.

PEMBERDAYAAN WARGA RT. 02 RW. 04 DUSUN SUMBEREJO DESA KINTELAN DALAM PENYULUHAN BAHAYA DIARE DAN CARA MENCUCI TANGAN YANG BENAR

Real Work Lecture activities are routine student activities as part of the educational process carried out by providing learning experiences for students to live in the midst of communities outside the campus and directly identify and deal with development problems faced. The Real Work Lecture activity for S1 Pharmacy students of Anwar Medika University was carried out in Kintelan Village, Sumberejo Hamlet, Rt.02 Rw.04, Puri District, Mojokerto Regency, East Java Province. The purpose of this service is to provide understanding to the local community about the importance of knowing the dangers of diarrhea and teach how to wash hands properly as one of the diarrhea prevention measures. The activity was carried out by educating residents of RT.02 RW.04 Kintelan Village using leaflet media. Pre-test and post-test are conducted to measure the understanding of residents before education compared to after education. The results and outcomes of the activity showed an increase in residents' understanding of diarrhea counseling from 72% to 94%.

Pengembangan Strategi Dakwah Dan Edukasi Ilmu Al-Qur'an Serta Bahasa Arab Bagi Masyarakat Urban: Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat di Masjid Jami' Al-Fudhola Meruya Selatan Jakarta Barat

The Qur'an is a sacred book in Islam and is the only Kalamullah that was revealed to the Prophet of the last days, namely the Prophet Muhammad SAW. The purpose of this community service is to explain and provide a snapshot of the Al-Qur'an's da'wah strategy and its various branches of knowledge, as well as applied by group 08 of the 2024 STIQ ZAD KKN women when carrying out Real Work Lecture activities in Meruya Selatan Village, Kembangan, West Jakarta. This service uses community service in the field. The results of this community service are increasing interest in reading and improving the reading of the Qur'an, increasing the awareness of the surrounding community about learning Arabic and Islamic science.

Digital Marketing Training For Home Businesses In Bodag Village, Ngadirojo District, Pacitan Regency

This Community Service Activity for Real Work Lectures (PkM KKN) aims to provide knowledge and skills to the community, especially those who have businesses at Real Work Lecture locations, so they can market their businesses through various digital platforms such as Shoppi, Lazada, and other social media. The approach used in implementing this KKN PkM activity is to first make preparations, which consist of registering data on potential participants and their businesses, contacting village officials and preparing training places, contacting resource persons, then carrying out KKN PkM activities on a previously determined day and ending with evaluation. The Real Work Lecture activity, which is part of Community Empowerment or Community Service, was carried out for 2.5 months, in this regard, digital marketing training was carried out for home businesses at the KKN location on Saturday, October 28 2023, which presented speakers from business actors who use digital marketing, this activity was attended by a target group of 27 people who have various home businesses, such as a small specialty food industry from the village, so by participating in this activity it is hoped that they can market their business more widely and their income will increase. Apart from delivering material and practice, PkM activities also include mentoring provided by KKN participants so that they can truly market their businesses. After completing the activity, the participants were evaluated through observation and interviews with the results, the majority stated that this activity was very useful and felt happy, with the hope that it could be applied to increase income, apart from that they also gained new knowledge and skills, the hope was that there would be mentoring and other training, as well as understanding how to market your business products via cellphone.

Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Berbasis Proyek

The project method is a way of teaching that provides students with the opportunity to use daily life units as learning material and aims to make students interested in learning. The project learning method is a teaching and learning activity whose process is based on inquiry. In this learning, the focus is on complex questions and problems. Then answer questions or solve problems through an investigative process carried out collaboratively over time. Most projects are carried out by investigating authentic issues and topics found outside of school. During the inquiry process, students learn the content, information and facts needed to draw conclusions from each question. During the process students also learn valuable skills and thinking habits. The project-based learning method is a learning method that uses problems as the first step in collecting and integrating new knowledge based on experience in real activities. Then the problem is solved in groups. In this learning, students are able to find their own solutions to the products/tasks given. Project-based learning methods can increase students' learning motivation in Islamic religious education, project-based learning methods can facilitate more active learning experiences.

Collaborative Skill Improvement Analysis in Real Laboratories Based on Discovery Learning for Undergraduate Physics Education Major

The 21st-century competencies are needed as provisions for college graduates to face the era of society 5.0. These competencies include creative thinking skills, critical thinking, collaboration, and communication. The research aims to illustrate the influence of discovery learning on students’ collaboration skills during real laboratory activities. Discovery learning was chosen because the implementation of practicum activities was carried out in a real laboratory because it requires all the students to play an active role and be able to collaborate in carrying out practicum activities. This type of study uses one pretest-posttest design group. The subject of this study was 30 first-year students from two different classes who took the Basic Physics Practicum II course at the Department of Physics Education, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. The implementation of practicum activities is carried out offline so that cooperation and collaboration between groups can be seen. Aspects of the indicator include positive dependence between members, individual responsibilities, group cooperation, and face-to-face interaction. Research data was processed statiscally using the help of SPSS software version 25. Analysis of research results showed that student collaboration skills were complete and appropriate in all indicators. Based on the analysis, an average N-Gain score of 53.2% was obtained with the category being in the criteria for improving collaboration skills. Keywords: collaborative skill, real laboratory, discovery learning

Which companies among the SMEs operate in accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals


 
 
 The purpose of the article is to identify the factors that have a significant impact on the decision of SMEs to operate in accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The identification was made on the basis of data collected in December 2022 during a survey of a sample of 303 SMEs from all over Poland. In order to identify the above-mentioned factors, the following were analyzed: type of business, industry to which the primary economic activity of the surveyed company is assigned, age of the company, type of ownership, scope of activity, organizational and legal form, number of employees, average annual net income. Correlation tests confirmed the hypotheses of the relationship between the number of employees and average annual net income and operation in accordance with the SDGs. Further verification of the relationship, performed using a logit model, confirmed that average annual net income and industry are significant variables. There is a relationship between these variables and acting in accordance with the SDGs. The chance of making a decision by a company about operating in accordance with the SDGs increases as the average annual net income increases. The probability of operating in accordance with the SDGs is higher if the company operates in the following industries, i.a.: real estate activities, transportation, financial and insurance, construction, agriculture.
 
 

End Effect Reduction by Modification Design of End Teeth for Linear Induction Motor

Using linear induction motors for magnetic trains has challenges in maintaining stability and safety, namely the emergence of holding forces. The force arises due to the magnetic flux interaction between the permanent magnet and the iron core. One source of resisting force is due to the dotted lines, which creates a finishing effect and generates vibration and noise from the system. Previous research has carried out several works, one of which is designing the shape of a gear at the end of a tooth with a convex curved shape in a linear synchronous motor which has succeeded in reducing the effect of the tip of the tooth. This study aims to determine the results of the effectiveness of calculations using MATLAB, which can produce much less resistance. This research uses descriptive research with a qualitative approach. In this study the calculations to redesign the shape of the dental arch at the end of the track were carried out by making a model with a parabolic approach. Plane dimensions X, Y, Z 660mm x 360mmx 360 mm. Magnetic density data were collected using Ansys software and 10 mm meshing, while the magnitude of the resistive force based on mathematical equations was carried out using MATLAB software. Investigation of the effect of curvature for the final effect value has been carried out using 6 models with different arcs. From the simulation, it is concluded that the sharpener for bow curvature gives the smallest resistance force value. The smallest result from the calculation A=A_x+y^' A_y gives the smallest detention force value. The smallest computation of A=A_x+y^' A_y with the sharpest curvature is a challenge to build and use for real activities.

Greenhouse gas emissions and global real economic activities

We evaluate the impact mechanism between global real economic activities and greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). First, we find a feedback relationship between global real economic activities and GHGs. However, we find that only reduced global real economic activities can significantly decrease GHGs, while both increases and decreases in GHGs have an impact on global real economic activities. Furthermore, the effects of global real economic activities on GHGs are long-lasting, while the reverse direction is relatively less persistent. Therefore, this paper may provide insights into sustainable economic development related to GHGs and real global economic activities.

Boosting Housing Markets: Amplifying Reserve Requirements for Greater Economic Growth, Insights from China and Indonesia

Boosting Housing Markets: Amplifying Reserve Requirements for Greater Economic Growth, Insights from China and Indonesia

Analysis of the external attraction of Shanghai urban functions based on the travel characteristics

The external attraction of urban functions refers to the ability of specific urban functional areas to attract foreign populations, which can reflect the importance of urban functions in the regional or even global scope. Existing research tends to discuss urban attraction at the macro level, which is insufficient for understanding the importance of internal city functions. Analyzing the attraction of urban functions from the perspective of travel characteristics can reveal the distribution and preferences of the foreign population, which can help the rational planning of urban functions. In this study, we combine Points of interest (POI) and signaling data to identify Shanghai’s urban functional areas and the external population's distribution patterns. The attraction index is calculated based on cross-city geographic flow to evaluate the external attraction of Shanghai's functions from real fine-level human activities. The results show that both Shanghai’s urban functional area and external population distribution present a “ring-radial” distribution with the city center as the core, high in the Central Business District (CBD), and gradually decreasing outward. The overall external attraction also presents a gradual decrease from the center outward with a similar “ring-radial” distribution. At the same time, the regional subcenter of Shanghai also excels in external attraction. Universities, well-known business districts, industrial districts, and famous tourist spots become the dominant functions with high external attraction. Above all, the economic factor is the most important driver for migration. Our research provides valuable insights into Shanghai’s global city vision and lays a scientific foundation for long-term future urban development and planning.

Sovereign risk and bank lending: Evidence from 1999 Turkish Earthquake

We use an exogenous fiscal shock to identify the transmission of government risk to bank lending due to banks holding government bonds. We illustrate with a theoretical model that for banks with higher exposure to government bonds, a higher sovereign default risk implies lower bank net worth and less lending. Our empirical estimates confirm the model’s predictions. The exogenous change in sovereign default risk of Turkish government debt as a result of the 1999 Earthquake impacted banks whose balance sheets were exposed more to government bonds. The resulting lower bank net worth translates into a lower credit supply. We rule out alternative explanations. Our estimates suggest this channel can explain half of the decline in bank lending following the earthquake. This underlines the importance of the bank balance-sheet channel in transmitting a higher sovereign default risk to reduced real economic activity.

The influence of past experiences on the activity of tutor teachers in training

This research focuses on the activity of six tutor teachers in training involved in the curriculum of primary student-teachers at the University of Teacher Education in Lausanne, in Switzerland. The post-lesson interviews managed by these tutor teachers in training show that their activity is influenced from past experiences lived as student-teachers and from the training they are following. This research aims to understand and analyze the origin from the tools used to mentor their student-teacher during the post-lesson interviews. The theoretical framework uses the concepts of the clinical activity and the method of self and crossed confrontation interviews. Through the real activity of tutor teachers in training, exposed through the methodologies of self-confrontation, our results highlight the influence of past experiences of tutor teachers in training, as well as the nature of the emotionally significant situations they experienced in the past. The influence in their actual activity as tutor teachers in training and which tools they are using from the training are also presented and discussed.

How Does Connecting Online Activities to Advertising Inferences Impact Privacy Perceptions?

Data dashboards are designed to help users manage data collected about them. However, prior work showed that exposure to some dashboards, notably Google’s My Activity dashboard, results in significant decreases in perceived concern and increases in perceived benefit from data collection, contrary to expectations. We theorize that this result is due to the fact that data dashboards currently do not sufficiently “connect the dots” of the data food chain, that is, by connecting data collection with the use of that data. To evaluate this, we designed a study where participants assigned advertising interest labels to their own real activities, effectively acting as a behavioral advertising engine to “connect the dots.” When comparing pre- and post-labeling task responses, we find no significant difference in concern with Google’s data collection practices, which indicates that participants’ priors are maintained after more exposure to the data food chain (differing from prior work), suggesting that data dashboards that offer deeper perspectives of how data collection is used have potential. However, these gains are offset when participants are exposed to their true interest labels inferred by Google. Concern for data collection dropped significantly as participants viewed Google’s labeling as generic compared to their own more specific labeling. This presents a possible new paradox that must be overcome when designing data dashboards, the generic paradox, which occurs when users misalign individual, generic inferences from collected data as benign compared to the totality and specificity of many generic inferences made about them.

Uncertainty Measures and Business Cycles: Evidence From the US

Most of the macro-literature on uncertainty has focused on macro-uncertainty caused by real activity as a source of economic fluctuations. Economic uncertainty reduces total demand in the economy via a conventional channel that is associated with real option theory. Given the findings of the existing literature, financial uncertainty other than macroeconomic uncertainty matters more for business cycle fluctuations. This study seeks to answer the following questions: Is uncertainty the primary cause of the business cycle’s fluctuations? Alternatively, does it matter what kind of uncertainty exists? The research utilized the generalized linear model (GLM) and the Bayesian generalized linear model (BGLM) to analyze a dataset covering the time from July 1960 to April 2015 in the United States. Elevated levels of macroeconomic uncertainty, akin to real uncertainty, and economic policy uncertainty, as measured by news sources, demonstrate a counter-cyclical pattern in relation to business cycles. Low levels of uncertainty have a positive impact on business cycles, leading to an increase in industrial production. Conversely, high levels of uncertainty have a negative effect on business cycles, causing a decline in industrial output. We are of the opinion that high levels of macroeconomic uncertainty have a ripple effect on the entire economy, which may stifle investments, reduce consumption, and create unemployment, which is likely to influence labor participation. JEL Classification: D81, E23, E32, E44, G14.

Temporal Dynamics and Contribution of Phage Community to the Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in a Full-Scale Sludge Anaerobic Digestion Plant.

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an important biological resource recovery process, where microorganisms play key roles for material transformation. There has been some knowledge about the prokaryotic community and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in AD, but there has been very limited knowledge of phages. In this study, samples from a full-scale AD plant were collected over 13 months, sequenced, and analyzed for viral and prokaryotic metagenomes. Totally, 3015 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs) were detected, mostly assigned to Caudoviricetes. The phage community had faster temporal variation than the prokaryotic community. Warm seasons harbored a higher abundance of both temperate phages and broad host-range phages. Seven ARGs of 6 subtypes were carried by 20 vOTUs, a representative ermT gene was synthesized and expressed, and the resistance activity in the host was examined, confirming the real activity of virus-carried ARGs in the AD process. Some of the ARGs were horizontally transferred between the phage and prokaryotic genomes. However, phage infection was not found to contribute to ARG transfer. This study provided an insight into the ecological patterns of the phage community, confirmed the antibiotic resistance activity of virus-carried ARGs, evaluated the contribution of phages on the ARG prevalence, and laid the foundation for the control strategies of the community and antibiotic resistance in the AD process.

Earnings quality and national IPO: AEM practices of Central Asia

Once the key insights of corporate finance quality in Kazakhstani listed state SOEs are obtained, it is time to turn to separate strategies of corporate reporting manipulations. The purpose of this research is to look at accrual-based AEM strategies that adjust real activity REM practices at year-end. We follow Kasznik cash flow model for accrual-based earnings management as a best practice methodology and apply it to 572 unbalanced panel firm-year non-financial observations over 13-year time horizon. To strengthen our analysis, we compare main results with another popular measurement of accrual-based Earnings management based on the Shivakumar 1996 model. We also winsorised key investment indicators to reduce the impact of outliers on the main results. The results answer major questions: 1) what AEM strategies state SOEs prefer; 2) how accrual-based manipulations affect the choice of investment indicators; and 3) whether partially-privatized state SOEs under/over perform private POEs in Kazakhstan. In terms of theoretical and practical implications, our research findings could be useful to analysts of various strategies in the AEM/REM dimensions, academic scientists and advocates of partial privatization of state companies. We assure that theoretical gaps of corporate data manipulations in Central Asian context are to be reduced with increasing number of publications in the field of AEM practices.