Reader's Guide Research Articles

A Reader's Guide to Semantic Originalism and a Reply to Professor Griffin

The purpose of this essay is two-fold. The first aim is to introduce the reader to Semantic Originalism - a version of the New Originalism that is fully articulated in a long article of that name. The reader's guide in Part II provides a very short summary and accessible guide to the argument of Semantic Originalism. The second aim is to provide access to an exchange between Stephen Griffin and myself in the Blogosphere. Griffin's eight questions and comments about Semantic Originalism and my replies are reproduced in lightly edited form in Part III. My concluding remarks about Griffin's questions included a three dimensional model of the space of theoretical argument about originalism: that model is presented in Part IV.

The Emergence of a Social Problem: Single‐Parent Families in U.S. Popular Magazines and Social Science Journals, 1900–1998*

Abundant research investigates the content of public discourse about social problems. Far less is known about the quantity of social problems discourse. This article employs original data to address this gap by examining the emergence of single‐parent families as a social problem within U.S. popular magazines and social science journals. I trace the growth of discourse about single‐parent families in magazines indexed by the Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature (N= 3050) and social science journals indexed by JSTOR (N= 1376) between 1900 and 1998 and explore factors associated with this growth. The results indicate that contemporary issues functioned as rival social problems and depressed single‐parent family discourse within magazines but not within journals. Increases in the prevalence of single‐parent families were associated with increases in related discourse in both arenas, but discourse increased earlier in journals. Growing popular concern about single‐parent family formation in the 1960s was associated with a reduction in the quantity of single‐parent family discourse within journals but not within magazines.

Jane Austen, "Mansfield Park," A Reader's Guide to Essential Criticism, and: Jane Austen's Philosophy of the Virtues, and: Jane Austen, Critical Issues (review)

Reviewed by: Jane Austen, "Mansfield Park," A Reader's Guide to Essential Criticism, and: Jane Austen's Philosophy of the Virtues, and: Jane Austen, Critical Issues Claire Grogan Sandie Byrne , ed. Jane Austen, "Mansfield Park," A Reader's Guide to Essential Criticism. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004. 301pp. US$23.95 (pb). ISBN 978-1-4039-1138-4. Sarah Emsley . Jane Austen's Philosophy of the Virtues. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005. xi+202pp. US$69.95 (hb). ISBN 978-1-4039-6966-8. Darryl Jones . Jane Austen, Critical Issues. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004. 252 pp. US$24.95 (pb). ISBN 978-0-333-72744-7. Gayle MacDonald diagnosed our culture's fascination with Jane Austen "two hundred years after she wrote her novels" as "jane addiction" (Globe and Mail, 17 March 2007). Apparently 2007 is a "banner year ... with two major feature films ... a slew of new adaptations on British television station itv and planned reprints of the author's novels with jazzy covers aimed at teens." If these three Palgrave publications are any indication, our appetite for scholarly works about Austen is equally insatiable. In the first book, the narrowest of these studies, Sandie Byrne provides a thorough critical history of Mansfield Park. As such it updates B.C. Southam's Jane Austen the Critical Heritage, offering six chapters that detail critical responses to Mansfield Park from 1815 through to the late twentieth century, and a seventh on the critical responses to film adaptations. The chosen format has Byrne summarize each review before providing pertinent excerpts. Unfortunately, it is not always easy to distinguish between Byrne's editorial commentary and the excerpts themselves—especially when the latter are five or six pages long. This difficulty aside, Byrne provides a useful resource for those interested in the critical history of Mansfield Park with a general overview of Austen scholarship. In the second text, which offers a careful deliberation on the philosophy of virtue throughout Austen, Sarah Emsley asserts that Austen is "ideologically conservative yet open-minded and flexible" (5) by "focusing on the ethics of ordinary life in her novels" (8). Central to her argument lies a belief that knowledge of both "Aristotelian and Christian influences on Austen" (5) enables us to uncover "the philosophical underpinnings of her fiction rather than to explicate didactic lessons that emerge from the novels" (4). Regardless "whether [Austen] read the work of such writers as Aristotle and Aquinas or absorbed her philosophy of the virtues through literature [End Page 115] and culture," Emsley asserts, she "inherited a relatively coherent ethical framework of four cardinal virtues and three theological virtues, and her novels reflect that inheritance" (166). That Austen sees "virtue as not merely theoretical, but actively lived" (17) is evident in the way her heroines learn to balance competing virtues to secure a successful and fulfilling life. In this respect Emsley argues that Austen "goes further than Aristotle in exploring the dramatic moments when virtues compete with one another in creative tension" (41). Such a moment occurs when Catherine Morland denies the joint entreaties of her brother and friends to honour a prior engagement to walk with Henry and Eleanor Tilney, judging that "If I am wrong, I am doing what I believe to be right" (53). Emsley offers a nuanced reading of Austen that weaves criticism about her religious faith with criticism about her philosophical positioning. She deftly knits these two aspects together to provide a fuller but recognizable reading of Austen. While Persuasion is presented as the "closest thing to an explicit theory of the unity of classical and Christian virtues" (158)—perhaps only explicit because Austen did not live to revise the work—Emsley argues that Pride and Prejudice, because both Elizabeth and Darcy "come to understand justice through the educative power of love," is "Austen's greatest achievement" (168). While Emsley's rigorous study does not offer a dramatically original reading of Austen, it provides a new framework with its own specific terminology to discuss her. We leave the book with a clear sense of Emsley's belief that Austen combined Aristotelian and Christian concepts of virtue, which then influenced the fiction of Henry James, George Eliot, and...

The String Quartets of Joseph Haydn (review)

HAYDN STUDIES The String Quartets of Joseph Haydn. By Floyd and Margaret Grave. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. [x, 382 p. ISBN 0-19-517357-0. $65.] Music examples, tables bibliographic references, index. In 1990 Floyd and Margaret Grave published an indispensable handbook for Haydn scholars: Franz Joseph Haydn: A Guide to Research (New York: Garland). With this latest book, they have produced yet another comprehensive and thoroughly documented addition to the Haydn literature. To undertake a study of Haydn's string they observe at the outset, to enter a domain of music scholarship whose byways far exceed the scope of a single (p. 3). However, the Graves successfully narrow their field by focusing detailed analyses that foreground opus-level observations and musical connections. Chapters Points of Departure (The Repertory, Genre and Character, and Texture, Ensemble Technique, and Sonority), and Formal Perimeters lead to studies of each opus, most of which are allotted a full chapter. These background chapters prove essential, given the authors' twofold aim, in the ensuing discussion, of accounting for the individuality of each opus group while drawing out the repertoire's constant elements, variables, and miscellaneous norms (p. 25). In light of several recent critiques of traditional evolutionary narratives of the string quartet, which are cited here, the authors are wise in their decision to address the opus groups on their own terms, and to attempt to avoid assumptions about stylistic progression. Signs of the Graves' bibliographic acumen are manifest. The text is meticulously referenced, directing the reader towards much of the relevant recent literature the subject. They acknowledge directly that their work complements important recent studies in the field, such as those by William Drabkin op. 20 (A Reader's Guide to Haydn's Early String Quartets [Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2000]) and W. Dean Sutcliffe op. 50 (Haydn: String Quartets, Op. 50 [Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992]). There are also references and citations from many of the relevant primary sources; these form the basis of sections within the later chapters the works' genesis, publication, and reception. Haydn's shrewd dealings with his publishers, as evidenced in contemporary correspondence, make for particularly fascinating reading. Presumably, and a little unfortunately, the book went to press too early to include mention of Mara Parker's invaluable new handbook, The String Quartet: A Research and Information Guide (Burlington, VT: Routledge, 2005). Perhaps the main contribution in the Graves' study is their discussion of large-scale integrative elements in Haydn's quartets; indeed, the topic could have been more overtly thematized. A significant thread in their narrative is what we might call Haydn's inter-opus meta-discourse in the string quartets, whereby he returned, in later works, to ideas explored in previous sets. Especially compelling is their reading of op. 17 as a critique of op. 9, one that is variously challenging, destabilizing, or indulging in ironic commentary, while at the same time building its precedents (p. 169). The specific case study of op. 17, no. 4 as a critique of op. 9, no. 4 is typical of the detailed, thought-provoking analyses that one finds throughout this book. Occasionally there are readings that are somewhat problematic: with respect to op. 20, for example, can one really speak of the cello's liberation from standard bassline duty (p. 184, my italics)? Surely this verges traditional, teleological assumptions about string quartet history and genre ideals. Perhaps a better approach would be to consider Haydn's manipulation of string quartet roles in the first movement of op. 20, no. 2 as meta-discourse these roles. Elsewhere in the chapter op. 20, the authors provide a broadly conceived reading of the works' integrative forces as they arise through disintegrative rhetorical tendencies. …

A Reader's Guide to Family Stress Literature

This guide introduces the reader to family stress literature, including a variety of topics that are related to family stress: (a) health and family stress, as well as resilience research; (b) physical health issues and family stress; (c) biosocial models and family stress; (d) neighborhood and other community contexts and family stress; and (e) international perspectives on family stress. Next, the guide describes some research trends in response to specific stressors: (a) work and family; (b) family violence; (c) economic crisis, including the Great Depression and the Rural Stress Crisis; (d) natural and human-made disasters, with a special examination of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; (e) war; (f) military families' stressors; and (g) terrorism. Recommendations of materials for teaching about family stress in a variety of settings are included. The guide ends with other relevant information that may be of interest to the reader.

Then and Now: Lessons from History Concerning the Merits and Problems of Distance Education

A well-known saying suggests that “those who ignore the lessons of history are doomed to repeat them.” To understand those lessons, a content analysis was conducted concerning university extension and commercial correspondence courses in literature printed between 1898 and 1941. A total of 93 documents were collected from scholarly journals and popular publications listed in the JSTOR and The Reader's Guide to Periodic Literature. The analysis showed that many of the driving forces and problems that exist with distance education today also existed in the early years of correspondence programs offered by mail through university extension programs and for profit organizations. Thus, a major question is how to solve these problems and retain credible outreach education that can benefit both those who receive it and those who provide it.

A Reader's Guide to the Work of Paul Russell

This introduction to two papers by Paul Russell is structured as a reader's guide to Russell's work. It is suggested that his mode of writing (his “process”) and his choice of themes (his “content”) are closely allied to the experiencing he describes. Alerting the reader to the deceptive simplicity and apparent reiterative quality of Russell's approach, I emphasize the paradoxical, and powerful, nature of his taut interweaving of voice and idea as he refracts, over time, multiple emergent meanings, ever circling around five key elements: affect, attachment, trauma, repetition, and negotiation.

Encyclopedia of educational leadership and administration

List of Entries Reader's Guide List of Figures and Tables Editorial Board Contributors Preface: A New Conception of the Knowledge Base of a Profession About the Editor Entries Volume 1: A-K Volume 2: L-Z Index

Who Else Writes Like …?: A Reader's Guide to Fiction Authors (5th edition)

Who Else Writes Like …?: A Reader's Guide to Fiction Authors (5th edition)

Conducting research literature reviews: from the Internet to paper

1. Reviewing the Literature: Why? For Whom? How? Part I. Research Design and Sampling 2. Searching and Screening: The Practical Screen and Methodological Quality Part II. Collection, Interventions, Analysis, Results, and Conclusions 3. Searching and Screening: Methodological Quality 4. Doing the Review: A Reader's Guide Chapter 5. What Did You Find? Synthesizing Results

The millennial Keynes: an introduction to the origin, development, and later currents of Keynesian thought

Acknowledgments Introduction: Keynesian Economics and the American Polity Chapter 1. Keynes: An Activist's Life Chapter 2. Economic Thought on the Eve of the General Theory Chapter 3. Keynes Before the General Theory Chapter 4. The General Theory (1): A Reader's Guide Chapter 5. The General Theory (2): Macroeconomics Chapter 6. Five Readings of Keynes Chapter 7. Keynes: Daring in Policy and Intellect Bibliography Index About the Author and Translator

Encyclopedia of social theory

The Encyclopedia of Social Theory, two-volume set, is an indispensable reference source for anyone interested in understanding the roots of contemporary social theory. It examines the global landscape of all the key theories and the theorists behind them and presents them in the context needed to understand the strengths and weaknesses of all the key areas of the discipline.These include: Structural fundamentalism; Marxist theory; Critical theory; Phenomenology; Ethnomethodology; Exchange theory; Rational choice; Feminism; Multiculturalism; and Postmodernism. The Encyclopedia of Social Theory draws together a team of international scholars led by the editor, George Ritzer, one of the most prolific social theorists. This is a benchmark reference tool for understanding the development, achievements and prospects of social theory. Key features and benefits include: over 280 entries; a master bibliography; a complete Reader's Guide; extensive biographical coverage of the major theorists; and extensive cross-referencing.

Pathways to nursing: a guide to library and online research in nursing and allied health

The Association of College and Research Libraries, professional accrediting bodies, and regional accreditors place a premium on the development of library and online research skills for students in nursing and the allied health disciplines. Today's health care professionals must be information literate, having the necessary skills to effectively locate, retrieve, evaluate, and use information. Librarians and other faculty must partner to ensure students learn these skills while building a desire for lifelong learning. Pathways to Nursing: A Guide to Library and Online Research in Nursing and Allied Health attempts to “provide instruction for doing research in the area [sic] of nursing and allied health sciences” (p. vii) for nursing students and working professionals. The authors provide direction for the research process focusing on the library as a physical space, the catalog, reference works, periodicals and indexes, electronic resources, and the Internet and finally providing guidance on writing research papers. The “Electronic Resources and the Internet” chapter lays out essential issues for any researcher attempting to use the open Web. It provides sound guidelines for evaluating the quality of information, explains the different types of search engines, and provides strategies for identifying useful Websites. It contains useful information for any person attempting to use the Internet to do serious research yet makes unfortunately few connections to nursing and allied health research. Although a careful reader can glean useful insights, on balance, the book is not relevant to researchers in nursing and virtually ignores research issues in the allied health sciences. Much of the text seems out of touch with the current state of libraries and information technology. For example, its ninety pages include four pages devoted to the card catalog. Although the authors attempt to demystify the Library of Congress system and the Dewey Decimal System, they make only a passing reference to the National Library of Medicine classification system. Because nursing and allied health research relies heavily on the journal literature, the “Periodicals and Indexes” chapter is among the most important. It includes descriptions of relevant resources such as CINAHL, MEDLINE/ PubMed, and the Annual Review of Nursing Research. The brief description of CINAHL fails to mention many of the indexed allied health disciplines and other useful features in the database such as the full-text state nursing journals, citation indexing, and quality filters. A number of the recommended indexes are of limited value to the intended audience, including Biography Index, Current Book Review Citations (covering 1976–1982), Essay and General Literature Index, Humanities Index, and the Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature. The guidelines for writing research papers explain topic formulation, information retrieval, and the writing process. The authors present a tried-and-true method for creating, cataloging, and organizing index cards, which might seem dated to many of today's computer savvy students. The appendix provides an extensive list of print and electronic resources related to nursing and other non–health sciences topics. Many of the nursing resources are worthwhile, including suggested indexes, periodicals, style guides, Websites, dictionaries, and other reference works; however, the list includes no allied health resources. The eclectic mix of recommended Websites ranges from the highly relevant National League for Nursing and Hardin Meta Directory to others of lesser importance for health sciences researchers such as the Internet Movie Database and the Semantic Rhyming Dictionary. The extensive list of document delivery providers would be useful to librarians attempting to identify highly specialized research support services. Overall, a number of the uniform resource locators (URLs) for listed Websites are no longer current, and two of the books are out of date. Rather than purchase this book, most libraries would be better served buying a more general nursing research guide, such as Notter's Essentials of Nursing Research [1], and supplement it by partnering with faculty to create instruction sessions, pathfinders, and other tools to support student research efforts.

Blood, Bedlam, Bullets, and Badguys: A Reader's Guide to Adventure/Suspense Fiction

Blood, Bedlam, Bullets, and Badguys: A Reader's Guide to Adventure/Suspense Fiction

Selby, Nick, ed., The Poetry of Walt Whitman: A Reader's Guide to Essential Criticism [review

Selby, Nick, ed., The Poetry of Walt Whitman: A Reader's Guide to Essential Criticism [review

Encyclopedia of distributed learning

From launching a student on the route to self-directed learning to using group processes, self-assessment, the life line experience, and developing a learning contract, this encyclopedia comprehensively covers all aspects of distributed learning. The overarching goal is to collect together in a single resource the best practices for adults engaged in continuing education at the graduate level, in corporate settings, in open university settings, and in similar learning environments.Topics covered include: administrative processes; technical tools and supports; policy, finance, and governance; social and cultural perspectives; student and faculty issues; and, teaching and learning processes and technologies. Key features include: A-to-Z organization; Reader's Guide groups entries by broad topic areas; a comprehensive index; cross-references between and among entries; an advisory board of prominent experts; and, three appendices that provide annotated listings of distributed and distance learning programs, select print and non-print resources, and conferences, each with web addresses.

Scrolling through Jeremiah: Written Documents as a Reader's Guide to the Book of Jeremiah

The book of Jeremiah uses metaphors and sign acts involving written documents, analogies between written collections of oracles and other authoritative texts, and the fulfillment of prophecy to make the case for its authoritative status in written form. References to significant written documents also mark the major subdivisions of the book of Jeremiah, and cue the reader to an appropriate understanding of and response to the content of the final form of the book.

Library Catalog as Reader's Guide? Two Stories and a Problem

Previous articleNext article No AccessLibrary Catalog as Reader's Guide? Two Stories and a ProblemBarbara Q. PriorBarbara Q. Prior Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Art Documentation Volume 23, Number 1Spring 2004 Published for the Art Libraries Society of North America Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/adx.23.1.27949284 Views: 1Total views on this site Copyright © 2004 ARLIS/NAPDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Ecology, Evolution, and the Genome: A “Whole-Elephant” Reader's Guide

Ecology, Evolution, and the Genome: A “Whole-Elephant” Reader's Guide

Tawfiq al-Hakim: A Reader's Guide (review)

The name of the Egyptian writer Tawfiq al-Hakim (1898-1987) is synonymous with the beginnings and development of Arabic drama. Al-Hakim's literary career spanned more than four decades, from the end of the twenties until the mid-eighties. He also wrote novels, short stories, and essays. In Tawfiq al-Hakim: A Reader's Guide, the author, William Maynard Hutchins, gives the plays and novels equal importance. Hutchins, the translator into English of a number of Al-Hakim's major works, is without doubt one of the leading authorities on the life and works of the Egyptian writer. Hutchins introduces his book as "an invitation to a dialogue with the works of Tawfiq al-Hakim rather than a definitive analysis of them" (xi). He believes that Al-Hakim, widely read in the Arab world, is little known in the West. In this, his most recent offering on Al-Hakim, Hutchins tries to redress the situation.