Removal Of Reactive Black Research Articles

Removal of Reactive Black 5 from Polluted Solutions by Electrocoagulation: Modelling Experimental Data Using Artificial Neural Networks

The wide range of today's industry increases the diversity of pollutants in the wastewater characteristics. In particular, the wastewater of the textile industry is highly colored. Different techniques are used for color removal of dyes from wastewater. In this work, the removal efficiency of the textile dye (Reactive Black 5) at different current densities (48.5 A/m2, 97.18 A/m2, 194.36 A/m2, 291.5 A/m2, 388.7 A/m2) was investigated by electrocoagulation method. The dye concentration of wastewater prepared in the laboratory scale was adjusted to 100 mg/L. Two iron electrodes and 3 g NaCl were used in the electrocoagulation system. The samples which taken periodically were measured after the centrifugal processes with the UV spectrophotometer. The experimental results were also modelled with artificial neural networks (ANNs). As a result of the experiments, approximately 90-100% color removal efficiency was obtained. According to the modelling study, the ANNs can predict the color removal efficiency with coefficient of determination (R2) between the experimental and predicted output variable reached up to 0.99.

Enhanced mineralization of Reactive Black 5 by waste iron oxide via photo-Fenton process

Advanced oxidation process is a promising technology for the treatment of azo dye wastewater, owing to its high degradation performance and less secondary contamination. Herein, the mineralization of azo dye Reactive Black 5 (RB5) by the heterogeneous photo-Fenton process was investigated in a three-phase fluidized bed reactor. The waste iron oxide (denoted as BT) obtained from tannery wastewater process with Fenton’s reagent was selected as a heterogeneous catalyst. The introduction of BT to the UV/H2O2 process (UV/H2O2/BT) shows obviously higher mineralization efficiency because ferric complexes of carboxylic acid, the degradation intermediates of RB5, could be readily decomposed by UV irradiation. The decolorization was achieved by homogenous photo-Fenton reaction induced by leached iron, while the mineralization was contributed to heterogeneous oxidation. Under the conditions of 254 nm UV irradiation, 19.00 mM H2O2, 2.0 g L–1 catalyst loading and natural pH0 of 5.0, 90.2% TOC removal of RB5 could be achieved. The catalyst indicated an acceptable stability and reusability after four cycles. The proposed heterogeneous photo-Fenton process with stable performance is environmental-friendly for the mineralization of RB5.

Removal of Reactive Black 5 dye from Aqueous Media using Powdered Activated Carbon – Kinetics and Mechanisms

Removal of Reactive Black 5 dye from Aqueous Media using Powdered Activated Carbon – Kinetics and Mechanisms

Homogeneous photocatalytic degradation of azo dye Reactive Black 5 using Fe(III) ions under visible light

ABSTRACT Efficient and cost-effective method to destroy complex dyes is warranted to combat increasing water pollution. In the present study, homogeneous photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dye was studied using ferric ions (Fe(III)) under visible light (VL) irradiation and sunlight (SL). In the presence of 5 mM ferric ions and at pH 2.6, more than 80% of initial 20 mg/L RB5 was decolourized in 60 min under artificial VL. Decolourization followed pseudo first-order kinetics with the reaction rate constant 0.0356 min−1. 79% of initial COD was removed at the end of 60 min, suggesting mineralization of RB5 as the main cause of decolourization. Using similar experimental conditions under SL, more than 90% RB5 was decolourized in 15 min with an almost 10-fold increase in the reaction rate constant (0.34 min−1). Rate and extent of RB5 destruction significantly decreased in the presence of •OH scavenger indicating photoreduction of Fe-hydroxo species and generation of •OH as the main mechanism of RB5 degradation. RB5 removal increased from ca. 30% to 84% with the increase in Fe(III) concentration from 0.5 to 5 mM. The corresponding 1st-order rate constants increased linearly from 0.006 to 0.036 min−1. RB5 degradation decreased linearly (R2 = 0.98) from 91.7% to 63.3% with the increase in initial RB5 concentration from 10 to 40 mg/L. Fe(III) induced homogenous PCO appears to be a reliable and low-cost method of advanced oxidation without the need for costly reagent such as H2O2.

Removal of reactive black 5 dye using zero valent iron nanoparticles produced by a novel green synthesis method

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze zero valent iron nanoparticles (NZVIs) by a novel green method, taken from Thymus vulgaris (TV) plant extract, were synthesized and applied to degrade reactive black 5 (RB5) azo dye. Design/methodology/approach The optimum conditions for the highest removal of RB5 dye were determined. Characterization of NZVIs was done by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The NZVIs were used for the removal of dye RB5, and the parameters affecting were discussed like pH, initial concentration, contact time and NZVIs dosage. Findings The characterization results of NZVIs by SEM, TEM, FTIR and XRD show that polyphenols, organic acids and proteins reduce not only the green synthesis of NZVIs but also the aggregation of nanoparticles. The maximum dye removal efficiency of 99.6 per cent occurred at pH 4, NZVIs dose of 600 mg/L, and contact time of 5 min. The adsorption of RB5 dye onto the NZVIs surface and scavenging of the azo bond (−N = N) by the strong reduction of NZVIs were the proposed mechanisms for dye removal. The application of NZVIs to treat wastewater containing reactive dye shows high degradation efficiency. Research limitations/implications The findings may greatly benefit the application of the NZVIs taken from Thymus vulgaris (TV) in the fields of dye adsorption. Practical implications The present study is novel because it incorporated the morphological and structural properties of the synthesized NZVIs using a native plant of Iran and studied the capability of green-synthesized NZVIs to remove RB5 as a water contaminant. Social implications The native plant presented here can be developed for reduced environmental pollution before discharge to accepted water. Originality/value The NZVIs is prepared via green-synthesized method, which is prepared with leaves of TV. There are two main innovations. One is that the novel NZVIs is prepared successfully by native plant via green-synthesized method. The other is that the optimized conditions were obtained for the removal of RB5 dye as a water contaminant. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, no study has ever investigated the removal of RB5 by NZVIs produced using a native plant in Iran.

Green synthesis of a high capacity magnetic polymer nanocomposite sorbent based on the natural products for removal of Reactive Black 5

ABSTRACTCumin seeds extract containing plant polyphenols was used as a reducing agent forthe preparation of iron-based magnetic nanoparticles. Then, functionalised magnetic nanoparticles (FMNPs) and chitosan were used to synthesise a novel magnetic polymeric nanocomposite (MPNC) with high efficiency and fast sorption kinetics for Reactive Black 5 removal. FMNPs and MPNC were characterised by Fourier transform infrared, vibrating sample magnetometer, field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Zeta potential. The functionalised magnetic nanoparticles had a spherical shape with the size in the range of 22–38 nm that was covered with chitosan. The zeta potential of MPNC was +59.7 mV. Thepresence of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in MPNC sorbent and its crystalline structure was confirmed by FTIR and XRD, respectively. Results showed that the synthesised sorbent has an excellent sorption behaviour for Reactive Black 5 at room temperature and pH range of 5.5–6.5. The time required to reach equilibrium for various concentrations of Reactive Black 5 was ~ 100 seconds, and a 120 mg L−1of dye solution was 92% decolourised within this time. Experimental data were best fitted to the semi-first-order kinetics and Halsey thermodynamic models. The sorbent maximum capacity was 989.9 mg g−1.

Oxidation of reactive black 5 solutions with sulfate radicals activated by iron

Textile Effluents are problematic effluents which cannot be treated with conventional biochemical treatment methods. One of the most promising methods for treatment of non- biodegradable wastewaters is advanced oxidation. In this study, effect of sulfate radical based advanced oxidation methods were investigated for treatment of an azo dye; Reactive Black 5 (RB-5). Sulfate radicals were activated with the addition of Iron(II) and Iron (III) Sulfate to the reaction medium. Effect of pH and persulfate dosage on RB-5 removal were also investigated. It was observed that runs which were conducted with Iron (II) ions yielded better results both in terms of RB-5 removal and reaction rate. It was recorded that RB-5 removal and removal rate both improved with increased persulfate dosage while optimum initial pH was found to be unadjusted pH which was measured as 3. RB-5 removal over 99% was observed in the run conducted at pH 3 with a persulfate dosage of 4 mM and FeSO4 (Fe(II)) dosage of 1 mM.

Removal of Reactive Black 5 from Aqueous Solution using Polyethylenimine-Crosslinked Chitin: Batch and Fixed-bed Column Studies

Chitin is a natural polymer material that is abundant and easy to use at a low cost. In this research, a chitin-based adsorbent, polyethylenimine (PEI)-crosslinked chitin (PEI-chitin), was prepared by crosslinking PEI after binding glutaraldehyde to the specific functional groups of chitin surface. Its adsorption performance on Reactive Black 5 (RB5) was evaluated by batch and fixed-bed column studies. Regeneration study was also conducted to assess the reusability of PEI-chitin. The main results were as follows: pH 2 was optimal for the removal of RB5 from aqueous solution. Langmuir model was better fitted with the isotherm experimental data and the maximum adsorption capacity of RB5 was calculated to be 321.6 mg/g at pH 2. Pseudo-second-order model was better for depicting the kinetic data. The Thomas model can be well adapted to the breakthrough curves. The consecutive adsorption-desorption experiments were performed up to 3 cycles in batch and fixed-bed column systems. The sorption and desorption efficiencies in the batch system were at least 89.1 % and 92.2 %, while the column experiments showed 94.7 % and 97.6 %, indicating high potential in practical large-scale applications.

Tailoring IONP shape and designing nanocomposite IONS@GN toward modification of SPCE to enhance electrochemical degradation of organic dye

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP) with different distinctive morphologies (spherical, cubic, flower-like and needles) were utilized for modification of screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) to be used for synthetic organic dye degradation by an electrochemical approach. This platform was implemented for removal of the synthetic organic dye, Reactive Black 5 (RB5) in aqueous solution. Modified SPCE with spherically shaped IONP (IONS) had the highest dye removal efficiency. Thus, IONS were then used for surface decoration of the most common carbon-based materials (graphene, graphene oxide, carboxylated graphene, graphene nanoribbons, graphene nanoplatelets, single- and multi-wall carbon nanotubes), and the nanocomposites formed were deposited on the electrode surfaces. Using IONS/graphene composite (IONS@GN) for electrode modification resulted in the best effect. Removal of RB5 with this electrode was 51% better in comparison with bare SPCE, reducing the time required for complete dye degradation from 61 to 30 min Using IONS-modified SPCE, total RB5 removal occurred in 51 min, improving the performance by 16% over that of bare SPCE. The effects determined, i.e., the best IONP morphology and best type of carbon-based material for nanocomposite formation to enhance RB5 removal will provide guidelines for further modifications of SPCE with nanomaterials and nanocomposites, for application of this electrochemical approach in the degradation of organic pollutants.

Development of Artificial Neural Network for Predicting The Photodegradation of Reactive Black 5 Dye

We applied a multilayer artificial neural network (ANN) developed using a Lavenberg–Marquadt algorithm to predict the photodegradation activity of the Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dye. A copper-doped titanium dioxide was employed as a photocatalyst. A copper doped titanium dioxide was synthesized through a wet-impregnation method. To optimize the network the operational parameters including the RB5 initial concentration, photocatalyst dose, irradiation time, hydrogen peroxide concentration, and visible light intensity were used as the input parameter. Removal efficiency of RB5 was selected as output. The number of neurons in the second hidden layer was optimized to determine the suitable ANN model structure for the RB5 removal. ANN based through Levenberg-Marquadth algorithm with structure 1-10-21-1 gave the best performance in this study. The criteria for the applicability of the model were the root mean square error (0.1) and coefficient of correlation (0.98275).

Response surface methodology optimization of integrated fluidized bed adsorption–Fenton oxidation for removal of Reactive Black 5

Fenton oxidation was integrated with fluidized bed activated carbon to remove a recalcitrant pollutant, Reactive Black 5. Palm kernel shell was used as a low-cost adsorbent, which was characterized using Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscope, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses. Response surface methodology using Box–Behnken Design was employed to study the effect of operational parameters ([Fe2+], [H2O2], pH, and adsorbent dosage) on the process performance. The optimum conditions for the combined process were pH = 3.53, [Fe2+] = 2.92 mM, [H2O2] = 104.8 mM and 29.86 g/L adsorbent dosage. Under these conditions, the COD and color removals were 61.01% and 99.78%, respectively. The presence of activated carbon enhances the dye removal, though the Fenton oxidation was still the dominant process due to the rapid oxidation by hydroxyl radicals. The removal of the dye was effective in the pH range of 3–7, indicating the potential of applying the integrated process under a wide range of pH. There was a good agreement between the experimental results and those predicted by the response surface models, indicating the applicability of the proposed models. This study has shown that integrated fluidized bed adsorption–Fenton oxidation is a viable treatment option for dye-containing wastewater.

Adsorptive removal of anionic dye (Reactive Black 5) from aqueous solution using chemically modified banana peel powder: kinetic, isotherm, thermodynamic, and reusability studies

The removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) using chemically modified banana peel powder (CMBPP) from aqueous solution was dealt with in the present investigation. Factors affecting the adsorption of RB5 (like pH solution, agitation speed, initial concentration of RB5, contact time and temperature) were investigated. FTIR, SEM-EDX, BET and Elemental analysis characterized the adsorbent material. Adsorption kinetic results evaluated by non-linear pseudo-second-order model was fitted well and showed good correlation with the experimental data than the pseudo-first-order model. The experimental equilibrium data evaluated by non-linear Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R), and Temkin equations and the experimental data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model. Langmuir monolayer sorption capacity of RB5 onto CMBPP was observed at pH 3.0 (211.8 mg/g). The values of thermodynamic parameters revealed that the sorption process was feasible, spontaneous, endothermic, and physisorption in nature, i.e. (ΔG° <0, ΔH° > 0, and ΔS° > 0). Desorption studies reveal that the maximum recovery of RB5 when 0.1 M NaOH solution used as a desorbent. The CMBPP also exhibited excellent regeneration efficiency for the five cycles of successive adsorption–desorption. The results exposed that CMBPP could use as a prospective adsorbent material for the removal of RB5 from aqueous media.

Comparative approach towards the adsorption of Reactive Black 5 and methylene blue by n-layer graphene oxide and its amino-functionalized derivative

N-layer graphene oxide (nGO) was synthetized from graphite oxidation via the modified Hummers method and then functionalized with diethylenetriamine to obtain the novel n-layer amino-functionalized graphene oxide [nGO-(NH)R]. Scanning electron and atomic force microscopies, thermogravimetric analysis, Raman and infrared spectroscopies and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize nGO and nGO-(NH)R. This nanosorbent was then evaluated through the sorption of anionic Reactive Black 5 (RB5) and cationic methylene blue (MB). pH effect analysis showed that adsorption of anionic RB5 were not influenced by pH changes; on the other hand, cationic MB adsorption was higher at pH 12.0. Langmuir isotherm best fitted the adsorption of both dyes onto nGO-(NH)R and showed maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 3036.43 and 335.86 mg g−1 for MB and RB5, respectively. Adsorption kinetics indicated that the system reached the equilibrium state within 5 min for MB, and after 90 min for RB5, with adsorption capacity at equilibrium (qe) of 977.06 and 177.85 mg g−1 and kinetic constant (kS) of 3.17 × 10−2 and 2.40 × 10−3 g mg−1 min−1, for MB and RB5 respectively. Additionally, pseudo-second-order model was better fitted to the experimental data for the adsorption of both dyes in nGO and nGO-(NH)R. Thermodynamic parameters exhibited the following values: ΔHo, − 150.01 kJ mol−1, 92.83 kJ mol−1 and ΔGo (at 298 K), − 37.94 and − 22.86 kJ mol−1, for MB and RB5 removal onto nGO-(NH)R respectively, which evidenced the spontaneous adsorption of both dyes and chemisorption behavior of RB5. Recycling experiments showed that the nGO-(NH)R maintained the MB and RB5 removal rate above 95% and 58%, respectively, after ten cycles. Experiments with raw textile effluent showed a decrease of 55% in chemical oxygen demand (in mg O2 L−1) and 90% of its concentration after adsorption by nGO-(NH)R.

Sludge-based activated carbon catalyzed H2O2 oxidation of reactive azo dyes

ABSTRACT Sludge-based activated carbon (ZAC) was successfully employed as both adsorbent and catalyst for the oxidation process of reactive yellow 86 (RY86) and reactive black 5 (RB5). Physicochemical properties of the prepared sewage sludge-derived activated carbon were evaluated by N2 adsorption/desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of parameters such as initial pH, H2O2 concentrations, ZAC dosages, dye concentrations and temperature on the removal of RY86 and RB5 were investigated. Kinetics results showed that the adsorption rates of RY86 and RB5 by ZAC can be approximated by the pseudo-first order model, and that the oxidation rates by Behnajady–Modirshahla–Ghanbery (BMG) model. Under the optimum conditions in the experiment, i.e. pH = 6.0, T = 303 K, [H2O2] = 49.5 mmol/L, [ZAC] = 4 g/L, [dyes] = 300 mg/L and t = 150 min, 99%, 88% and 84% of colour, COD and TOC were removed by Fenton -like oxidation for RY86, while for RB5, the three removal rates were 90%, 70% and 62%, respectively, indicating that sludge-based activated carbon can be used as an effective catalyst to oxidation of dyes by H2O2 from coloured wastewater.

Reactive Black-5 Removal by Ozonation as Post Treatment

The textile industry is one of industries that growing rapidly in Bandung, Indonesia. It discharges enormous quantity of highly colored wastewater due to the use of water in large quantity and the use of dyes in the production process. One of the problems in processing textile wastewater with conventional biological treatment method is the ineffectiveness of color removal. A further treatment as post treatment is needed for treated wastewater discharge to remove the color. One of the method that known has high efficiency for textile color removal is by using ozonation method. In this ongoing study, the decolorization of artificial textile wastewater containing azo dye reactive-black 5 (RB5) from secondary treatment was investigated in a continuous system. Artificial treated textile wastewater from secondary biological treatment is made using 5 mg/L azo dye RB5 in 16 L volume batch reactor. The experiments show that the efficiency of color removal achieved is 100% within 10 minutes of reaction time with 24.66 mg/minutes of ozone dosage. In continuous system operation, ozonation process also conducted in 16 L volume reactor with up flow and down flow of influent feeding and HRT 10 minutes, 30 minutes and 50 minutes. The experiments show that the color removal was fluctuate Andromeda oscillation in certain interval contact time for each HRT, but higher color removal efficiency achieved in HRT 50 minutes.

Reactive Black-5 Removal by Ozonation as Post Treatment

The textile industry is one of industries that growing rapidly in Bandung, Indonesia. It discharges enormous quantity of highly colored wastewater due to the use of water in large quantity and the use of dyes in the production process. One of the problems in processing textile wastewater with conventional biological treatment method is the ineffectiveness of color removal. A further treatment as post treatment is needed for treated wastewater discharge to remove the color. One of the method that known has high efficiency for textile color removal is by using ozonation method. In this ongoing study, the decolorization of artificial textile wastewater containing azo dye reactive-black 5 (RB5) from secondary treatment was investigated in a continuous system. Artificial treated textile wastewater from secondary biological treatment is made using 5 mg/L azo dye RB5 in 16 L volume batch reactor. The experiments show that the efficiency of color removal achieved is 100% within 10 minutes of reaction time with 24.66 mg/minutes of ozone dosage. In continuous system operation, ozonation process also conducted in 16 L volume reactor with up flow and down flow of influent feeding and HRT 10 minutes, 30 minutes and 50 minutes. The experiments show that the color removal was fluctuated and for medan oscillation in certain interval contact time for each HRT, but higher color removal efficiency achieved in HRT 50 minutes.

Kinetics, thermodynamics, isotherm and regeneration analysis of chitosan modified pandan adsorbent

There has been increased interest of chitosan as a dye adsorbent. Nonetheless, the chitosan tends to form bonding between their monomer chains that result in a rigid structure which affects its capability for adsorption. This is prime reason many recent studies modified chitosan through various modifications. However, most modifications involve chemical additive agents as well as complex procedures that are conducted under strong condition. Not much research consider low-cost organic materials as modifying agent. The purpose of this work is to investigate the performance of chitosan modified with pandan leaves in the adsorption of reactive black 5 (RB5). Modified chitosan-pandan (MCP) adsorbent was synthesized by simple wet impregnation under mild conditions. The MCP was characterized using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis. Batch adsorption was conducted to study the effect of retention time (0–60 min), pH (3–11), initial dye concentration (100–1000 mg/L) and temperature (25–80 °C). Kinetics, isotherm, thermodynamics and regeneration evaluation were also performed on the adsorption data. The kinetics data obtained fitted well to the pseudo-second order model, indicating the role of chemisorption with the influence of intraparticle diffusion. For isotherm study, the data is best fitted to the Langmuir model (R2 = 0.91) with maximum adsorption of 169.49 mg/g. Thermodynamics analysis showed that the adsorption is feasible, endothermic and occurred spontaneously. MCP has been regenerated up to 5 times with percentage removal above 50% by washing with distilled water only. In conclusion, natural polyphenols from pandan leaves have been incorporated into chitosan to prepare high-efficiency adsorbent with satisfactory performance in RB5 removal from aqueous media. The MCP is a new promising biodegradable adsorbent for removal of dyes from textile wastewater.

Photocatalytic performance of TiO2/Clinoptilolite: Comparison study in suspension and hybrid photocatalytic membrane reactor

Comparison studies in suspension and hybrid photocatalytic membrane reactor (HPMR) system was investigated by using Reactive Black 5 (RB5) as target pollutant under UVA light irradiation. To achieve this aim, hybrid TiO2/clinoptilolite (TCP) photocatalyst powder was prepared by solid-state dispersion (SSD) methods and embedded at the outer layer of dual layer hollow fiber (DLHF) membranes fabricated via single step co-spinning process. TiO2 and CP photocatalyst were also used as control samples. The samples were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersion of X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analyses. The result shows that TCP was actively functioned as photocatalyst in suspension system and 86% of RB5 photocatalytic degradation achieved within 60 min; however the additional step is required to separate the catalyst with treated water. In the HPMR system, even though the RB5 photocatalytic degradation exhibits lower efficiency however the rejection of RB5 was achieved up to 95% under UV irradiation due to the properties of photocatalytic membranes. The well dispersed of TCP at the outer layer of DLHF membrane have improved the surface affinity of DL-TCP membrane towards water, exhibit the highest pure water flux of 41.72 L/m2.h compared to DL-TiO2 membrane. In general, CP can help on improving photocatalytic activity of TiO2 in suspension, increased the RB5 removal and the permeability of DLHF membrane in HPMR system as well.

Electrochemical Degradation of Reactive Black 5 Using Three-Dimensional Electrochemical System Based on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

The removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dye and chemical oxygen demand (COD) was investigated using a three-dimensional (3D) electrochemical (3DE) reactor with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The experiments were performed according to a Taguchi design model, with the variables being the solution pH (2–9), current density (10–25 mA/cm2), reaction time (15–60 min), MWCNT concentration (25–200 mg/L), and RB5 concentration (25–100 mg/L). The best conditions for optimum removal of RB5 and COD were pH 3, MWCNT concentration 200 mg/L, current density 15 mA/cm2, RB5 concentration 100 mg/L, and reaction time 60 min. Among the main factors, the solution pH for removal of COD and RB5 and the current density for energy consumption had the highest impact. The 3D system generated more H2O2 and OH radicals compared with a two-dimensional (2D) system because the MWCNTs act as microelectrodes in the optimal conditions. In the 3D process, the production of high levels of reactive species led to an increase in the degradation of RB5 into aromatic compounds and various acids.

Activated carbon supported MnO2 for catalytic degradation of reactive black 5

In the present work, a commercial activated carbon was impregnated with MnO2 through a facile and efficient one-pot synthesis method. The impregnated carbon was characterized for the Mn content, the textural characteristics, the surface chemistry and the efficiency for removal and degradation of RB5. The MnO2 nanoparticles with an average size of 35 nm, were homogeneously dispersed in the carbon matrix and the BET surface area of the impregnated carbon found 760.77 m3 g−1. The efficiency for removal of RB5 was studied by batch tests under different experimental conditions. The treatment with H2O2 showed efficient removal and superior catalytic performance toward reactive black 5 (RB5) degradation that could be attributed to combined adsorption-degradation processes. The impregnated carbon proved to be an efficient catalyst for the oxidation- degradation of RB5 and presented good stability.