Depressive Reactions Research Articles

Genetic correlations between wellbeing, depression and anxiety symptoms and behavioral responses to the emotional faces task in healthy twins

Currently there is a very limited understanding of how mental wellbeing versus anxiety and depression symptoms are associated with emotion processing behaviour. For the first time, we examined these associations using a behavioural emotion task of positive and negative facial expressions in 1668 healthy adult twins. Linear mixed model results suggested faster reaction times to happy facial expressions was associated with higher wellbeing scores, and slower reaction times with higher depression and anxiety scores. Multivariate twin modelling identified a significant genetic correlation between depression and anxiety symptoms and reaction time to happy facial expressions, in the absence of any significant correlations with wellbeing. We also found a significant negative phenotypic relationship between depression and anxiety symptoms and accuracy for identifying neutral emotions, although the genetic or environment correlations were not significant in the multivariate model. Overall, the phenotypic relationships between speed of identifying happy facial expressions and wellbeing on the one hand, versus depression and anxiety symptoms on the other, were in opposing directions. Twin modelling revealed a small common genetic correlation between response to happy faces and depression and anxiety symptoms alone, suggesting that wellbeing and depression and anxiety symptoms show largely independent relationships with emotion processing at the behavioral level.

Suicidality, posttraumatic stress, and depressive reactions after earthquake and maltreatment: A cross-sectional survey of a random sample of 6132 chinese children and adolescents

BackgroundSurviving an earthquake can greatly increase the risk of suicidality among children and adolescents, especially if they experience physical and emotional neglect or abuse within the family after the earthquake. How various types of childhood adversity affect the vulnerability of adolescents to suicidality after exposure to a natural disaster is not well understood. This study examined the relationships among different types of earthquake exposure, childhood trauma, psychopathology and suicidality. MethodsSuicidality, the level of earthquake exposure, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and maltreatment, including physical and emotional abuse and neglect, were assessed in 6132 child and adolescent survivors randomly selected from three primary schools, five junior high schools, two senior high schools and one six-year high school in Baoxing, Lushan and Tianquan counties, which were the areas most severely affected by the 2013 Ya’an earthquake. ResultsThe Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire–Revised (SBQ-R) scores were high, with 27.8% of the participants scoring at or above the cut-off score of 7. Multivariate regression showed that emotional abuse and depression experienced after the earthquake contributed to the suicide risk, whereas emotional neglect and PTSD made somewhat smaller contributions. The mediation analysis suggested that PTSD and depression symptoms partially mediated the association of suicidality with emotional neglect or abuse. The PTSD, depression and suicidality scores were generally higher for females than for males, whereas the depression and suicidality scores were higher for older than younger respondents. ConclusionsOur results highlight the need for the implementation of school-based, adolescent-centered suicide prevention programs in the long-term aftermath of exposure to traumatic events. Interventions may also need to be tailored to gender and developmental stage. Suicidality is independently associated with emotional abuse, neglect, depression and PTSD symptoms in this disaster-exposed young population. Longitudinal studies should explore whether depression and PTSD symptoms mediate the relationship between past emotional abuse or neglect and the current suicide risk.

Application effect of dexmedetomidine combined with oxycodone in traditional lysis method of shoulder joint adhesions

Objective To observe the effect of dexmedetomidine(Dex) combined with oxycodone in the traditional lysis method of shoulder joint adhesions. Methods Sixty patients with shoulder joint adhesions in ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ by the traditional lysis method were selected, and they were randomly divided into control group and observation group, 30 cases in each group.The control group was administered with Dex1.0μg/kg+ fentanyl 1μg/kg.The observation group was administered with Dex1.0μg/kg+ oxycodone 0.10mg/kg.The VAS scores and postoperative adverse reactions were compared. Results The VAS score of each group decreased with the prolong of postoperative analgesia time.The VAS scores in the observation group at postoperative 1h, 4h, 8h[(3.00±0.54)points, (1.98±0.56)points, (1.55±0.36)points]were lower than those in the control group[(3.91±0.33)points, (2.88±0.66)points, (2.26±0.77)points], the differences were statistically significant(t=3.42, 4.11, 2.43, all P 0.05). The incidence rates of adverse reactions of respiratory depression, tachycardia, intraoperative awareness in the control group were 26.7%(8/30), 50.0%(15/30), 13.3%(4/30), respectively, which in the observation group were 6.7%(2/30), 20.0%(6/30), 0.0(0/30), respectively, the differences were statistically significant between the two groups(χ2=4.320, 5.934, 5.333, all P<0.05). Conclusion Dex combined with oxycodone can ensure good sedation and forgetting effect, and the incidence rate of adverse reactions is low. Key words: Shoulder joint; Tissue adhesions; Dexmedetomidine; Oxycodone

Pediatrik Ambulatuar Cerrahi Hastaların Sünnet Operasyonlarında Remifentanil-Propofole karşı Fentanil Propofol

Circumcision is the most frequent surgical procedure performed worldwide. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of fentanyl vs. remifentanil in pediatric patients undergoing circumcision procedure. A total of 120 boys, who were ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) I-II and underwent circumcision procedure, were retrospectively evaluated. Induction for anesthesia was provided using propofol that using 0,5-1 μg kg-1 (n=60) in Group F and using remifentanil 0,5-1 μg kg-1 (n=60) in Group R. After monitoring the patients and recording hemodynamic parameters and complications the findings every 30 minutes in peroperative and the recovery room, the patients were then followed for 6 hours. A total of 120 boys at the age of 0-2 years old who were underwent circumcision procedure, were retrospectively evaluated. The groups were comparable in terms of age, body weight, height, ASA physical status and duration of surgery that was not statistically significant.Recovery time from anesthesia was statistically significantly shorter in the remifentanil-propofol (Group R) as compared to the fentanyl-propofol (Group F). While vomiting was the most common complication in Group F, bradycardia was the most common complication in Group R. Comparison of the frequencies of complications between the groups revealed no difference in terms of bradycardia, bronchospasm, respiratory depression and allergic reaction. In conclusion, based on the results of the present study, we recommend using remifentanil-propofol in this pediatric age group but also underline the necessity of close monitoring of these patients for the potential side effects.

ТЕРАПИЯ ТРЕВОЖНЫХ РАССТРОЙСТВ В ОБЩЕСОМАТИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ

Anxiety disorders among general practice patients are the most common. We examined the efficacy and safety of&#x0D; Buspirone in patients with anxiety disorders in outpatient practice. In accordance with ICD-10, the patients were&#x0D; distributed as follows: generalized anxiety disorder – 38.7 %, panic disorder – 29 %, adjustment disorder in the form&#x0D; of mixed depressive and anxiety reaction – 32.3 %. In order to evaluate the impact of therapy the following research&#x0D; methods were used: clinical, clinical-psychopathological, psychometric (Hamilton anxiety scale (HAM-A), Spielberg-&#x0D; er-Hanin anxiety level self-evaluation scale, Shihan anxiety self-evaluation scale, Clinical Global Impression-Severity&#x0D; Scale (CGI-S), and Clinical Global Impression of Improvement (CGI-I) Scale.&#x0D; Among patients with anxiety disorders 28 people (90.3 %) have finished the study, three persons (9.7 %) dropped out&#x0D; of the study with regard to the ineffectiveness of Buspirone therapy. Analysis of the values on the HAM-A scale revealed&#x0D; statistically significant reduction in composite score by the end of day 14 (by 23.4 %, p &lt; 0.05) and a statistically signifi-&#x0D; cant increase in differences by day 35 of therapy and reduction of scores by 51.5 % (p &lt; 0.01). A statistically significant&#x0D; reduction (by 21.9 %, p &lt; 0.05) of points on the Shihan anxiety scale was revealed by day 21 of therapy. Reduction of&#x0D; the mean values of the total score of reactive and personal anxiety by the Spielberger – Hanin scale was recorded from&#x0D; day 21 of therapy (p &lt; 0.05). CGI-S scale statistically reliable reduction of patients with moderate degree of severity&#x0D; to 26.6 % (p &lt; 0.05) and a statistically significant increase in the number of patients with mild degrees of severity by&#x0D; 20 % (p &lt; 0.05) were revealed on day 14 of therapy. On the CGI-I scale, a marked improvement (26.7 %, p &lt; 0.05) and&#x0D; a slight improvement (33.3 %, p &lt; 0.05) is achieved by day 14 of therapy. Undesirable effects in the form of motor co-&#x0D; ordination disturbance, drowsiness, dizziness leveled during the therapy and did not require additional prescriptions&#x0D; for their correction. Buspirone can be recommended as an effective anxiolytic drug with safe portability profile for the&#x0D; treatment of anxiety disorders.

Adaptive Resource of Disabled Persons with Late Affection of the Musculoskeletal System

Injuries of the musculoskeletal system are accompanied by disorders of personal adaptation, anxious and depressive reactions. The purpose of the study is to assess the adaptive resource of the disabled person's personality in the event of late defeat in their musculoskeletal system. It has been established that disabled people with late defeat of the musculoskeletal system are much more likely than children with disabilities to experience poor health, low activity and a bad mood. It is known that a severe physical trauma can become a trigger for the development of a person's anxiety, frustration and aggressiveness. Persons with disabilities in most cases have a low level of development of ability to translate life plans based on personal values ​​and personal interests. They do not feel their personal involvement in their own lives which as a rule go their own way and can hardly be planned and willed. It was found out that disabled people with a late defeat of the musculoskeletal system are characterized by an increased desire to start life anew, to rethink their values. It became clear that among disabled people with a late defeat of the musculoskeletal system, the majority are people who have internal resources and willpower. At the same time, their manifestations are inhibited by the development of neurotic disorders and self-doubt, arising from unexpected life circumstances and feelings of fear of further life events.

Monoamine Oxidase-A Inhibition and Associated Antioxidant Activity in Plant Extracts with Potential Antidepressant Actions.

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) catalyzes the oxidative deamination of amines and neurotransmitters and is involved in mood disorders, depression, oxidative stress, and adverse pharmacological reactions. This work studies the inhibition of human MAO-A by Hypericum perforatum, Peganum harmala, and Lepidium meyenii, which are reported to improve and affect mood and mental conditions. Subsequently, the antioxidant activity associated with the inhibition of MAO is determined in plant extracts for the first time. H. perforatum inhibited human MAO-A, and extracts from flowers gave the highest inhibition (IC50 of 63.6 μg/mL). Plant extracts were analyzed by HPLC-DAD-MS and contained pseudohypericin, hypericin, hyperforin, adhyperforin, hyperfirin, and flavonoids. Hyperforin did not inhibit human MAO-A and hypericin was a poor inhibitor of this isoenzyme. Quercetin and flavonoids significantly contributed to MAO-A inhibition. P. harmala seed extracts highly inhibited MAO-A (IC50 of 49.9 μg/L), being a thousand times more potent than H. perforatum extracts owing to its content of β-carboline alkaloids (harmaline and harmine). L. meyenii root (maca) extracts did not inhibit MAO-A. These plants may exert protective actions related to antioxidant effects. Results in this work show that P. harmala and H. perforatum extracts exhibit antioxidant activity associated with the inhibition of MAO (i.e., lower production of H2O2).

STATE OF THE PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL SPHERE OF VOLUNTEERS WHOSE ACTIVITY IS CONNECTED WITH ASSISTANCE TO THE MILITARY IN THE AREA OF ARMED ACTIONS

In order to identify the clinical manifestations of maladaptation inherent in volunteers and the allocation of its psycho-correction targets, a study was conducted of the peculiarities of the state of the psycho-emotional sphere in volunteers whose activities are related to providing the military in a combat zone. 147 people were surveyed who were engaged in volunteer activities related to the provision of military personnel in a combat zone for at least 1 year. Among surveyed were 108 women and 39 men. With the help of the questionnaire “Assessment of professional maladjustment” by A.N. Homeland in the adaptation of M.A. negative effect. In the study of the state of the psycho-emotional sphere of volunteers whose activities are related to providing the military in a combat zone, signs of a depressive reaction of varying severity were revealed, significantly more common than in a sample of ordinary people. This indicates that volunteer activity carries with it the potential risks of developing psycho-emotional disorders. The interrelations of depressive manifestations with disadaptation peculiarities and the level of emotional burnout of volunteers were also established. To understand the pathogenesis of these conditions and to highlight the targets of their psychocorrection, we analyzed the clinical content of the identified depressive manifestations in the patients. We took into account the obtained data when developing measures for psychological correction and psycho-prophylactic support of volunteers whose activities are related to providing military personnel in a combat zone.

PSYCHOSOCIAL DEZADAPTATION IN WOMEN WITH DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS OF DIFFERENT GENESIS: PECULIARITIES OF DIAGNOSTICS, DISEASES AND STRUCTURE

To create a diagnostic tool for measuring psychosocial maladjustment and its testing both on mentally healthy and on people with mental disorders, in particular, one of the most sensitive to this phenomenon group of women with depressive disorders of different genesis we examined 252 women who were diagnosed with a depressive disorder. The study included 94 people with depressive disorder of psychogenic genesis (prolonged depressive reaction due to adaptation disorder: F43.21 by ICD-10), 83 women with endogenous depression (depressive episode: F32.0, F32.1, F32.2, F32.3 for ICD-10; recurrent depressive disorder: F33.0, F33.1, F33.2, F33.3 for ICD-10; bipolar affective disorder, current episode of depression: F31.3, F31.4, F31. 5 for ICD-10) and 75 patients with a depressive disorder of organic genesis (organic affective disorders: F06.3 for ICD-10). The comparison group consisted of 150 mentally healthy women without a psychiatric history. The study was conducted using clinical, psychopathological and psychodiagnostic methods. In order to identify and quantify the degree of psychosocial maladjustment based on a comprehensive analysis of data on the characteristics of functioning in various fields, we have developed an original psychodiagnostic scale that allows you to isolate and evaluate key areas of psychosocial maladjustment. The scale is suitable for use in clinical practice and covers three main clusters of psychosocial functioning: macrosocial (provides for the assessment of socio-economic and socio-information maladaptation); mesosocial (provides an assessment of socio-professional and interpersonal maladjustment); microsocial (provides for an assessment of family and parent maladaptation). An assessment of the state of psychosocial maladjustment according to a survey of 252 patients with psychogenic, endogenous and organic depressive disorders allowed to establish that the severity of maladjustment in all 6 areas of patients with depressive disorders of organic genesis is heavy, endogenous - moderate, and psychogenic - light. The revealed patterns are important for the planning of psychoprophylactic and psychocorrectional measures in patients with depressive disorders of various origins

Clinical-psychopathological analysis of current depressive disorders associated with suicidal behavior of women

Aim of research. Study of clinical and psychopathological features of depressive disorders associated with suicidal behavior in women in modern conditions Materials and methods of research. A comprehensive survey of 150 women aged 25-65 years was conducted who were diagnosed with depressive disorders: disorders of adaptation, in the form of depressive reaction (42.8%); moderate and severe depressive episode (35.1%), recurrent depressive disorder (22.1%) The main group consisted of 77 patients with signs of suicidal behavior, control - 73 patients without signs of suicidal behavior. Methods of research: clinical-anamnestic, psychodiagnostic, clinical-psychopathological Results. Distinguished anxiety (45.4% of the patients in the main and 32.1% of the control group), obesity (35.2% and 36.3% respectively), asthenia-apathetic (7.1% of the patients in the main and 18.2% of the control group) and melancholic (12.3% and 13.4% respectively) variants of depressive disorders. It is proved that women with depressive disorders combined with suicidal behaviour are adhered to high suicide risk, high anhedonia, severe anxiety and depression on the Hamilton scale, a large depressive episode on the Montgomery - Iceberg scale. For women with depressive disorders without signs of suicidal behaviour there was an average level of suicidal risk, high level of anhedonia, severe anxiety and depression on the Hamilton scale, a large depressive episode on the Montgomery - Iceberg scale Conclusions. 1. Women with depressive disorders with suicidal behaviour characterized by anxiety, tedious, asthenia-apathy and melancholy variants of depressive disorders. Patients with disturbing and timid variants of depression are characterized by a high level of suicidal risk. 2. Women with depressive disorders associated with suicidal behaviour there is a high level of suicidal risk, high anhedonia, severe anxiety and depression on the Hamilton scale, a large depressive episode on the Montgomery - Iceberg scale. 3. Prognostically significant in the formation of suicidal behaviour are disturbing and timid variants of depressive disorders, high rates of clinical anxiety and depression scales, high suicidal, obese suicidal anamnesis

Sleep disorders, associated with anxiety and depressive disorders, and their corrections peculiarities in the oncogynecological practice

30–75 % of patients with visualized forms of malignant tumors suffer from sleep disorders, which are comorbid with anxiety and depressive disorders. With the purpose of detection and correction of sleep disorders associated with anxiety-depressive disorders in patients with malignant neoplasms of the female reproductive system we study an emotional condition of 210 patients with reproductive organs’ malignant tumors. Insomnia disorders were detected in (72.4 ± 3.1) % patients suffering from reproductive organs’ malignant neoplasms. According to the ICD-10, emotional disorders accompanied by insomnia were presented by anxious and depressive disorders within symptomatic anxiety disorder (11.4 % ± 2.2 %), symptomatic depressive disorder (31.0 % ± 3.2 %), and adjustment disorder with prolonged depressive reaction (5.2 % ± 1.5 %), mixed anxiety and depressive reaction (11.4 % ± 2.2 %) and prevalence of anxiety reactions (13.3 % ± 2.3 %). In the structure of insomnia in patients suffering from malignant neoplasms presented presomnic (79.5 % ± 2.8 %), intrasomnic (40.9 % ± 3.2 %) and postsomnic disturbances (27.1 % ± 2.6 %). In our research we revealed a combination of pre-, intra- and postsomnic disturbances (47.3± 4.6 %). According to the Insomnia Severity Index the severity of insomnia in cancer patients was higher in the structure of symptomatic anxiety and depressive disorders than in the structure of adaptive disorders. After 4 weeks complex treatment a significant decrease in the severity of insomnia, depression and anxiety noted. In-time diagnosis and correction of insomniac disorders associated with anxiety-depressive disorders in cancer patients is a prerequisite for the success of specific antitumor treatment, improving the quality and duration of their lives.

Effect of Orem self-care theory on the perioperative stress reaction and allomeric function recovery in elderly patients with fracture of proximal femur

Objective To investigate the impact of Orem self-care mode on perioperative stress response and overall functional recovery of elderly patients with proximal femoral fractures nursing. Methods The elderly patients with proximal femoral fractures of the Second Hospital of Jilin University were divided into experimental group and control group, and the control group patients were given conventional nursing, when the experimental group patients were given Orem self-care nursing on the basis of conventional nursing. Contrastively analysis were implemented in the perioperative anxiety, depression and other negative stress reaction change, functional exercise compliance, hip joint function and daily life function change of the two group patients. Results When the patients were out of hospital, the anxiety (14.9±6.2) and depression (13.3±4.8) scores of the experimental group patients were significantly lower than that in the control group (t=2.303, 3.347; P 0.05) . After 3 months discharge, the daily life function total score was (68.4±9.2) in experimental group and (62.2±8.4) in control group (t=2.726, P<0.01) . Conclusions Orem self-care nursing mode can effectively improve the perioperative negative psychological stress reaction of the old patients with proximal femoral fractures, improve their behavior compliance and self-nursing ability, and it also has great significance on promoting the overall patients postoperative function recovery. Key words: Femoral fractures; Perioperative nursing; Orem self-care nursing; Stress response

The role of thrombocyte serotonin system and some thrombocyte characteristics in treatment of depressive patients with cardiovascular diseases

IntroductionAmong the known neurotransmitters, serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine play the important roles in the development of psychiatric disturbances. The research so far has shown that this is not the matter of concentrations themselves, but of disbalance of concentrations between the neurotransmitter systems in CNS (central nervous system). There is proof that there is a decrease of serotonin, epinephrine and dopamine functions in patients suffering from the recurring depressive episodes, while there is a hyperactivity of norepinephrine and dopamine system in patients suffering from the bipolar affective disorder [1]. There is still a dilemma if there were a hypo or hyperactivity of serotonin system in generalized anxiety disorder [2,3]. The agonists of 5HT1A receptors reduce the symptoms of panic disorders, while the activation of 5HT2C receptors induces a panic attack [4]. Hypersensitivity of postsynaptic serotonin receptors plays an important role in obsessive-compulsive disorders [5]. Destabilization of serotonin system has been noted also in posttraumatic stress disorders. This fact had been confirmed by the efficiency of SIPPS in its treatment [6]. Dysfunction of serotonin system is also present in some personality disorders, urge-control disturbances, feeding disorders and dementia. It seems that the negative symptoms in schizophrenia are due to a dysfunction of serotonin system. In suicidal tendencies, the role of serotonin system is of the greatest importance and numerous post-mortem investigations had revealed lower concentrations of serotonin and its main metabolite 5-hydroxyindolacetate acid (5-HIAA) in brainstem, nuclei raphe, putamen and hypothalamus [7]. Some research show that lower levels of thrombocyte serotonin are connected with suicidal behaviour of depressive patients [8]. Numerous investigations have shown that, among the patients who had suffered a myocardial infarction or other diseases of cardiovascular system we can find depressive symptoms in the frame of depressive reaction, but also a real depression in its fully-blown clinical form. Depression slows the recovery in those patients but, even more importantly, some indices had been found in patients suffering from depression that it could be directly connected with an increased risk for the development of cardiovascular diseases and complications during recovery. Thrombocyte serotonin is a strong vasoconstrictor and the research has shown that the treatment with selective inhibitors of serotonin uptake (SIPPS) causes lowering of its concentration, thus reducing its role in increasing the cardiovascular risk and causing the complications of recovery. Also, the treatment of depressive patients with SIPPS lowers the values of MPV (mean platelet volume, mean thrombocyte cell volume), which had been recognized as an independent risk factor for the development of myocardial infarction and stroke.Serotonin system in thrombocytesEnterochromafine cells are the only cells besides 5HT neurons, that synthetize serotonin. They release it into the blood stream, from where it, bound to its transporter, goes mostly into the thrombocytes. Serotonin system in thrombocytes is very similar to the one in neurons. It is a part of the mechanism of thrombocyte response, which is actually a process of shape change and aggregation of thrombocytes [9,10]. Thrombocytes contain about 99% of total serotonin in circulation, so in physiological conditions, plasma levels of serotonin reflect the concentration of serotonin in thrombocytes. Human throm- bocytes contain averagely 150 to 600 ng of serotonin/109 thrombocytes [11]. Serotonin system of thrombocytes is made of: serotonin transmembrane carrier ( transporter), serotonin receptor, enzyme monoaminooxidase and serotonin stored in delta granules. Serotonin enters the thrombocytes and aggregates through actions of two carriers [12]. Protein 5-HT carrier (5HTt) is located at the membrane of thrombocyte and enables the intake of serotonin and other endogenous amines, for example dopamine, from plasma to the cytoplasmic fluid of thrombocytes [13]. …

Incidence of irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue following GI infection: a population-level study using routinely collected claims data

ObjectivesTo investigate the occurrence of postinfectious IBS in routine outpatient care, comparing different types of GI infection and its interaction with psychosomatic comorbidity.DesignRetrospective cohort study using routinely collected claims data...

Behavioral disorders: Within the limits of psychiatry or neurology? About a case

It has been a clinical case of a polimorphic psychotic disorder in a male of 26-year-old, affected by brain palsy, previously with adequate cognitive function, undergoing remarkable confusional fluctuations and a waking state apparently well-preserved. As possible comorbidities or triggers we could count on a tonsillitis and/or a depressive reaction a few days before. Serious consideration must be given to a differential diagnosis with an encephalitis but, despite the presence of an intermittent febricula, it was rejected by both units: internal medicine and neurology, after performing some complementary tests, albeit some more specific tests are still pending. His psychiatric background was also checked, which initially was orientated as a questionable bipolar disorder. At all events, symptoms stopped progressively until, almost complete remittance in the moment he was discharged from the hospital. He recovered his normal functionality. The treatment given was risperidon 2 mL/day, quetiapin 50 mg/8 h and baclofen 10 mg/12 h. This can be used as an example of how many difficulties we usually found to catalogue an acute disorder in first phases, even to encompass the clinical profile within the limits of psychiatry or neurology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Features of coronary heart disease course in patients with depressive disorders

Multifactor risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) development is associated with susceptibility and depressive reaction to stressful situations that causes search for ways of optimization of integrative assistance to CHD patients with depressive disorders.ObjectiveTo carry out comparative analysis of dynamics of mental and physical state in CHD pateints.Material and methodsTwo hundred and eighty (57.74 ± 5.59 years) CHD patients with grade II–III angina pectoris were examined. Psychopathological method, Center of Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D) were used.ResultsNinety patients (32.1%) had depressive disorders within depressive episode, dysthymia, adjustment disorder. The level of depression according to CES-D varied from 19 to 28 points. Comparative analysis of two groups of patients showed that CHD patients with depression had more severe grade III angina (22.1% vs. 11.6%; P = 0.036) more frequently. Differences regarding frequency of arterial hypertension (AH) (91.1% vs. 63.2%; P = 0.0002), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) (26.8% vs. 17.5%; P = 0.038), obesity (30.7 ± 3.9 vs. 29.5 ± 4.5; P = 0.015), arrhythmias (34.4% vs. 25.2%; P = 0.015); cases of myocardial infarction (47.8% vs. 17.9%; P = 0.0001) were revealed. Among patients with depressive disorders persons with experience of surgical myocardial revascularization (P = 0.004), degree II–III of disability (23.3% vs. 11.6%; P = 0.0118) were present more frequently. Patients with depression were characterized by low economic status (64.4% vs. 23.7%; P = 0.0001); absence of social support (34.4% vs. 12.6%; P = 0.0001); frequent stress situations in personal history (71.1% vs. 32.6%; P = 0.0002).ConclusionsDepressive disorders caused by psychosocial stress influence negatively CHD course that requires complex approach to therapy of comorbid pathology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Interdisciplinary treatment and complex rehabilitation of internally displaced persons in University Clinic

IntroductionOver 1,5 million of them are Ukrainians who were forced to leave their home after Crimea annexation and military conflict in the East of Ukraine.ObjectivesBy 2015, the University Clinic asked 156 people displaced from Lugansk and Donetsk regions. Reasons treatment: all patients were somatic complaints. In screening: using the scale hospital, all patients were found higher rates of anxiety and depression. Overall, 48% of patients abandoned psychiatric examination, even 24% of psychological counseling.AimsScreening of IDPs’ mental health who sought medical help in somatic clinic (University clinic KhNMU) and estimation of efficiency of interdisciplinary treatment and complex rehabilitation.MethodsPsychodiagnostical, clinical-psychological, clinical-psychopathological.ResultsClinical examination during the period of acute stress reactions was observed, dominated by anxiety disorders, prolonged depressive reaction. Anxiety disorders were found in 56.5%, prolonged depressive reaction in 32.0%, post-traumatic stress disorder in 10.5% of patients. The treatment of the underlying disease, complex psychological and physical rehabilitation. Psychological rehabilitation included CBT, relaxation, art therapy. Physical rehabilitation includes kinesiotherapy and TRE. A set of measures of physical rehabilitation led to reduction of anxiety to physiological levels in all mentally healthy patients, reduce the severity of psychosomatic symptoms in the structure of the underlying disease, increased satisfaction with the results of treatment by 28.5%.ConclusionsAnalysis of mental health study of IDPs and evaluation of comprehensive rehabilitation in terms of the University Clinic show the need for screening mental state when applying for medical assistance and the desirability of psychological and physical rehabilitation of patients during hospital stay somatic profile.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Clinical features of PTSD and adjustment disorders in refugees from the zone ATO

AimTo study clinical features of PTSD and adjustment disorders in refugees from the zone ATO.MethodsWe have a complex psychopathological and psychodiagnostic research 156 refugees in volunteer center in Kharkiv.ResultsAmong the IDPs observed, 75.9% have violations of adaptation: long-term depressive reaction and predominant disturbance of other emotions. The men reactive alarm indicators (average – 37.7 ± 3.0), were higher than trait anxiety (average – 32.6 ± 2.9). On the contrary, women figures trait anxiety (average – 38.6 ± 2.9) were higher than reactive anxiety (average – 34.7 ± 3.0). Severity of depressive symptoms also slightly prevailed in women. The mean score on the Hamilton scale for men was 17.0 ± 2.3 points, women – 18.0 ± 2.3 points.Test results on a scale of quality of life showed no significant differences between men and women. We have developed a medical and psychological support system to correct the neurotic disorders in refugees.ConclusionsThe majority of people who left the ATO zone have psycho-emotional disorders of different severity and require a further correction in the specialized medical institutions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Daily Stressful Experiences Precede But Do Not Succeed Depressive Symptoms: Results from a Longitudinal Experience Sampling Study

This study investigates the proposition that micro-level experiences in the realm of stress (e.g., daily stress exposure) are among the building blocks of maladjustment, in particular, depression. Data were collected with experience sampling methods and in the lab. A sample of 202 students who had just entered university participated in a three-wave longitudinal study (October 2012–October 2013). Each wave consisted of the assessment of depressive symptoms and the examination of stressful experiences in daily life by means of experience sampling (70 occasions per wave). Cross-lagged panel models revealed that the perceived intensity of daily stressors, stressed and depressed feelings in daily life, as well as depressed reactions to daily stressors predict an increase in future depressive symptoms in young females but not males. Other cross-lagged effects, particularly from depressive symptoms to stressful experiences in daily life, were not significant. Findings are in line with the stress exposure model ...

The Bipolarity of Modern ‘Man’ in the Anthropocene: Ecomodernist Mania as Case for Unmanning Anthropocene Discourse

This paper examines Shellenberger and Nordhaus’ “Evolve: The Case for Modernization as the Road to Salvation” from the perspective of psychopathology. ”Evolve” articulates an all too common denial about the severe implications of the Anthropocene. This denial, I suggest, derives from modern humanity’s wish to save itself from the threats of ecocide and apocalypse without having to change its modernist ways. Upon considering this understandable inclination towards denial, the paper unveils the resultant manic-depressive opposition between ecomodernism and deep ecology. Modern humanity’s respective manic and depressive reactions to these two poles fosters a manic, escapist denial that promotes modernist expansion and limits our capacity to reform Anthropocene discourse and avoid environmental crisis. The analogy between bipolar disorder and the ecomodernism / deep ecology opposition draws from Darian Leader’s Lacanian psychoanalytic account, as well as his phenomenological-psychiatric influences.