Rational Use Of Water Resources Research Articles

Demoeconomics: the interconnection of water resources and demoethical values

Object: Application of conceptual analysis within the framework of the concept of demoeconomics to study the relationship of water resources with the values of “Demoethics” as a tool for society sustainable development. Methods: This work uses a systematic approach to research, which includes a wide variety of techniques, such as the method of logical synthesis, goal setting, goal decomposition, etc.
 Findings: The implementation of the demoeconomics concept, based on the demoethics values in the context of “spirituality and morality”, “rationality”, “responsibility”, “justice” and “security” contributes to the effective provision of rational use of water resources and basic needs of the population. The results of the Concept are aimed at achieving ethical rationality. Harmonizing with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), they not only promote economic growth and meet the needs of society, but also create the preconditions for reducing socio-economic inequality, increasing economic responsibility and respect for cultural and spiritual values.
 Conclusions: The sustainability of ethical rationality requires the transformation of the values of members of society when using natural resources based on the concept of demo-economics, based on the values of demo-ethics in the context of “spirituality and morality”, “responsibility”, “justice”, “rationality” and “security”, which can provide a balance between economic, social and environmental needs of humanity, to the manifestation of moral behavior in any life situation, contributing to the sustainability of the quality of life of members of society and the competitiveness of the region.

Main directions for rational use of water resources in the Republic of Kazakhstan

The article identifies the main directions of the rational use of water resources in the Republic of Kazakhstan, specifically, the South Kazakhstan region. Rational water use is the process of efficient use of water resources, which guarantees the preservation and protection of water bodies from negative and excessive anthropogenic impact and at the same time provides the population and sectors of the national economy with water resources of adequate quality and in the amount that can guarantee not only satisfaction of needs, but also development of industry, energy, water transport and agriculture at the rates that are necessary for sustainable socio-economic development of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a whole. The analysis of the foundations of rational water use was carried out; the main economic instruments affecting the process of water use in Kazakhstan are considered, an overview of the structure of water resources management in the South Kazakhstan region is made. Currently, it is necessary to ensure the rational use of natural resources, their protection from pollution and degradation, as well as skillfully restore, multiply and control them for the benefit of human society. Water resources as an object of management are a complex phenomenon and require a special approach for the formation of governing bodies with a clear division of their sphere of influence and responsibility.

Efficiency of the Sprinkling Irrigation Method for Irrigation Of Soybean And Cauliflower

In order to reduce the population's need for food and rational use of water resources in the conditions of typical irrigated gray soils Tashkent region, the sprinkling irrigation method was used for soybean crops "Nafis" and cauliflower "Raskot", while taking into account the volumetric mass of the soil, soil porosity, soil permeability. This is explained by the fact that the timing of irrigation, given to crops, irrigation rates, seasonal irrigation rates, the impact on growth, the development and productivity of plants are described

Rainfall-runoff partitioning in small watersheds of different vegetation types in the loess area based on hydrogen and oxygen isotope tracing.

Recognizing watershed runoff process and its component sources is a prerequisite for the rational use of water resources. To elucidate the effects and quantitative contributions of various vegetation types on the components of watershed runoff, we centered on the Caijiachuan main channel watershed in Jixian, Shanxi and five sub-watersheds with distinct vegetation types. By tracking the hydrological responses to two representative rainfall events and assessing the spatiotemporal variations in hydrogen and oxygen isotope signatures, we aimed to discern disparities in the runoff processes across these sub-watersheds and pinpoint their constituent origins. The results showed that under medium rainfall condition, the contribution rates of event water to the river flow of each watershed were in an order of protected forest (94.3%) > Caijiachuan main channel (83.1%) > agro-pastoral composite (64.3%) > plantation-secondary forest (52.4%) > cropland (0.3%) > secondary forest (0.0%); under light rainfall condition, plantation-secondary forest (52.4%) > protected forest (58.5%) > cropland (40.6%) > secondary forest (15.8%) > agro-pastoral composite (12.5%) > Caijiachuan main channel (9.3%). The event water contribution rate of secondary forest and protected forest watersheds to runoff was higher than that of plantation watersheds. The secondary forests watersheds had a stronger runoff storage capacity. The event water contribution rate of protected forest and agro-pastoral composite watersheds under medium rainfall intensity condition was greater than that under light rainfall intensity condition, while the event water contribution rate of cropland, plantation-secondary forest, and secondary forest watersheds was in adverse. The event water contribution to the runoff of forested watersheds was greater than that of cropland watersheds, which may be related to the presence of silt dams at the mouth of agricultural watershed channels. This study can provide a scientific basis for the analysis of water conservation and runoff change attribution in the loess area of west Shanxi.

Quantitative analysis of spatiotemporal disparity of urban water use efficiency and its driving factors in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China

Study regionYangtze River Economic Belt, China Study focusAs the major national strategic development area of China, there have always been vital problems about imbalance of the water resources distribution and the disparity of economic levels in YREB. Quantitative analysis of water use efficiency (WUE) is essential to the rational use of water resources, as well as the sustainable development. In this study, a WUE evaluation index system for prefecture-level cities in the YREB was constructed, and Super-Efficiency Data envelopment analysis Slacks-Based Measure (DEA-SBM) model, Global Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index, combined with geographically weighted regression model were utilized to measure and identify the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of WUE and its influencing factors. New hydrological insights for the regionFrom the temporal perspective, the WUE manifests a significant upward trend from 2005 to 2020, and the growth presents lower reach > middle reach > upper reach; in the spatial pattern, the WUE has significant spatial divergence characteristics, high WUE mainly occurred in developed leading cities, while developing cities in the midstream and upstream tended to be inefficient; various effects on WUE were also analyzed, highlighting that technical advancement was the key driver of WUE evolution. Then the negative effects of industrial structure and urban environment was becoming more and more significant. Finally, effective measures for upstream, middle and downstream cities in the YREB were discussed.

Legal bases of the Water Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan

The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that water security in recent years has been included in the list of global risks of modernity, which requires effective water resources management. In particular, in the Republic of Kazakhstan, this issue has been one of the most acute recently. To date, there are a number of unresolved issues at the inter-national level of water resources management in the republic, as almost all freshwater resources of the country are transboundary in nature, and almost half of them are formed on the territory of neighbouring states. The purpose of this study is to analyse the existing problems in transnational water resources management in the Republic of Kazakhstan and to develop directions for their solution. The research methods include normative-legal method, expert, factual method, content analysis, comparison, generalisation, classification, synthesis and analysis. The article presents the state of water resources of the Republic of Kazakhstan at the present stage of development, including those of transboundary nature. The management of water resources of the republic, including at the inter-national level, is characterised, and problems in this area are revealed. Thus, the main problems to date have been attributed to: dependence on transboundary flows from the territories of neighbouring countries, primarily China and Russia, in recent years increasingly polluting rivers and increasing the volume of water withdrawal, significant wear and tear of infrastructure, low level of automation and digitalisation of management, low efficiency of control over the implementation of measures for the rational use of water resources. To solve the problems, recommendations have been proposed and promising directions for the development of transnational water resources management have been considered, which will contribute to improving the efficiency of transboundary water resources use.

INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS OF USE AND CONSERVATION OF WATER RESOURCES IN ZHYTOMYR REGION

The water resources of Zhytomyr region are an important national asset, the condition of which affects people's health, economic development and the "good" environmental condition of the region. The current state of water resources in Zhytomyr region is of some concern due to a number of challenges, including: water pollution with organic materials, nutrients and toxic elements due to incomplete or no wastewater treatment, leaching of pollutants from agricultural land and plastic waste. The challenges also include limited access to quality drinking water in some regions, underdeveloped water supply and sanitation systems, unregulated water consumption and violations of water protection regulations, and hydromorphological changes related to hydropower and water flow regulation, including problems with coastal protection zones and water protection zones, as well as the effects of climate change, including floods and droughts.Taking this into consideration, conducting a SWOT analysis for the use and conservation of water resources in Zhytomyr region gets a particular relevance. The purpose of the study is to conduct a SWOT analysis that will not only allow a deeper analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the regional water management system, but also to identify potential opportunities for improvement and risk reduction. The SWOT analysis will serve as the basis for developing strategies that will promote the conservation and rational use of water resources, strengthen the environmental well-being of the region, and ensure sustainable economic development and public health in Zhytomyr Region.

Ensuring climate resilience in Central Asia through the establishment of a water management education program

Abstract This article is devoted to the issues of sustainable development in the Central Asia region. The authors have performed an analysis of the state of rational use of water resources. Ensuring climate resilience in water management in Central Asia is a critical challenge in today's world. This problem is of interest in connection with its possible impact on the sustainable development of the region. The purpose of this work is to analyze the current state of the rational use of water resources in Central Asia to identify ways to optimize their management. The study used a qualitative and quantitative analysis of data on water use collected from various sources, as well as a comparison method to assess the effectiveness of existing water management practices in the region. The authors revealed that the unbalanced distribution and inefficient use of water resources in Central Asia led to environmental and socio-economic problems. It has also been found that the existing mechanisms for managing water resources are not effective enough.

ATTRIBUTION ANALYSIS OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND HUMAN ACTIVITIES TO WATER VOLUME VARIATION IN LARGE LAKES

Abstract. Lakes are important components of the Earth's surface water bodies, and their fluctuating water levels and changing water volumes can have an important impact on ecological processes and landscape patterns within a watershed. Climate change and human activities are the main drivers of water volume changes in lakes. We applied a long time series analysis approach using classical statistics and geographic information system (GIS) technics to quantitatively attribute water volume variations in Lake Victoria from 2000 to 2019. We examined several drivers of lake water volume variations: meteorological factors including regional climate change (precipitation, evaporation) and global climate change (El Niño/Southern Oscillation events), and anthropogenic factors including socio-economic development and land use/cover change. The results show that regional climate change has a greater impact on lake water volume variations than global climate change; among them, the correlation coefficient between precipitation and lake water volume variations is the largest (0.410), with an impact lag of 1 month. For anthropogenic factors, variations in lake water volume are more pronounced in areas with rapid economic development and high population growth, with correlation coefficients greater than 0.440. Different types of land use/cover have varying impacts on Lake Victoria's water volume variations. Overall, the influence of anthropogenic factors is greater than that of meteorological factors. This study results not only provides a scientific basis for exploring the hydrological changes and their drivers in the world's large transboundary lakes, but also be great scientific significance to rational use of water resources and sustainable regional development.

ASSESSMENT OF CHANGES AND USE OF WATER RESOURCES IN THE SYRDARYA RIVER

Rational use of water resources is of current importance in the integrated use and regulation of flow. Therefore, a water management calculation is needed that will allow water resources to be distributed efficiently and unacceptably, without allowing them to be overused. The article discusses issues of assessing the water resources of the Aral-Syrdarya water basin. To analyze the hydrological characteristics of the basin under study, series of annual water runoff were reconstructed and chronological graphs of annual runoff were constructed. At calculating the parameters of the annual runoff, total and difference integral curves were constructed, the values of the annual runoff were determined using all sets of data from hydrological posts of the studied Syrdarya River basin. The main statistical parameters of the annual river runoff, random errors in the mathematical expectation and the coefficient of variation were assessed.
 For water management calculations, data from the report of the Aral-Syr Darya Basin Inspectorate on regulation of the use and protection of water resources for 2016, as well as the Scheme for the integrated use and protection of water resources in the river basin, were used. Syrdarya for 2018.
 Analysis of the water balance for the periods 2010-2018. takes into account that the incoming part of the water balance of the Aral-Syrdarya river basin was 81,690.69 million m3, the outgoing part was 82,446.35 million m3. Based on the data, a water balance was compiled and an analysis was made that the flow decreased by 755.66 million m3, which naturally affected the decrease in the level of the Aral Sea. Also, according to the water balance of the Shardara, Badamskoye, Bugunskoye and Kapshagai reservoirs, accumulation was positive. But in the Koshkurgan reservoir, accumulation was negative.

CONTEMPORARY ISSUES OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL REGULATION OF TRANSBOUNDARY WATER MANAGEMENT

The issues of rational use of water resources occupy the main place in the sphere of sustainable development of both the Central Asian region (CA) and Uzbekistan. According to the UN Water and Sustainable Development Programme, water resources are a fundamental factor for social, economic and environmental components of sustainable development.Despite the fact that Central Asia is one of the regions with abundant water resources, experts predict that water scarcity will only increase over the next decades, which makes it necessary to resolve the problem promptly.

Soil Moisture Monitoring and Evaluation in Agricultural Fields Based on NDVI Long Time Series and CEEMDAN

The North China Plain is an important area for agricultural economic development in China. But water shortages, severe groundwater over-exploitation and drought problems make it difficult to exercise the topographic resource advantages of the plain. Therefore, the precise monitoring of soil moisture is of great significance for the rational use of water resources. Soil characteristics vary in natural farmland ecosystems, crops are constrained by multiple compound stresses and the precise extraction of soil moisture stress is a difficult and critical problem. The long time series was decomposed via complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) to obtain different intrinsic mode function (IMF) components, and the statistical descriptors of each component were calculated to realize the precise discrimination of soil moisture stress. A quantitative evaluation model of soil moisture was established, and the different noise addition ratios and modeling types were set respectively to investigate the optimal inversion model. The results showed that: (1) The reconstruction error of the CEEMDAN was small and almost 0; it had a high reconstruction accuracy and was more suitable for the decomposition of the long time series. The first two components, IMF1 and IMF2, were soil moisture stress subsequences, and it could effectively reflect the moisture stress situation. (2) The inversion model performed well when ε was 0.05 and the model type was quadratic, with a coefficient of determination R2 of 0.98, which gave a better fit and less error. (3) The overall soil moisture content in the study area was low, basically in the range of 6.9% to 15.7%, with the central part, especially the south-central part, being the most affected by soil moisture stress, and the overall impact of soil moisture stress showed a decreasing trend from February to May. The utilization of CEEMDAN further enhances the accuracy of soil moisture inversion in agricultural fields, realizing the effective application of remote sensing observation technology and time-frequency analysis technology in the field of soil moisture research.

A new decision-making method for the renewal of agricultural irrigation wells: A case study of Songzhuang town, Tongzhou District, Beijing

Pumping wells (PWs) lie at the core of agricultural irrigation infrastructure, and their spatial configuration is of great significance for the scientific management of regional agriculture and rational use of water resources. To solve the problems of unreasonable and unscientific spatial allocation of regional agricultural irrigation PWs, this paper proposes a new strategy for updating agricultural irrigation PWs based on a spatial decision model, using Songzhuang Town, Tongzhou District, Beijing as a case study. The model utilizes constraints based on local factors such as actual land use, and proposes a novel feasible solution strategy that combines random local search and abrupt jumps to increase the probability that feasible solutions will be found, addressing the performance issues of simulated annealing algorithms, influence of initial values, and parameter sensitivity. Finally, we used the proposed method to perform updated decision analysis on the spatial configuration of PWs in the study area. The results showed that most of the crops in the study area lack irrigation, and the currently available PWs cannot meet the needs for irrigation. The new PWs added based on this decision method can be more evenly distributed within the predefined optimization unit. The proposed number of PWs to be added is 166, the density of PWs is 0.04/ha, and the crop area covered by the PWs is 3350.43 ha. In contrast to the previous PW layout, the optimized PW configuration can meet the irrigation needs of residents, indicating that the new method proposed in this paper has good potential for extension and application.

A Survey on Data-Driven Runoff Forecasting Models Based on Neural Networks

As an important branch of time series forecasting, runoff forecasting provides a reliable decision-making basis for the rational use of water resources, economic development and ecological management of river basins. With the revolution of computing power, the data-driven model has become the mainstream runoff forecasting method. This survey will introduce and explore several types of existing neural network for runoff forecasting: convolutional neural network (CNN), recurrent neural network (RNN) and Transformer. The advantages and limitations of these referenced models are also discussed. In addition, this paper also discusses the future improvement directions of runoff forecasting models from the three directions of accuracy, robustness and interpretability. Through plug-and-play lightweight attention mechanism modules, reliable ensemble methods, and forward-looking interpretability methods, the potential of runoff forecasting models can be further tapped to improve the overall performance.

Sustainable development of water resources of Tajikistan

This article considers and discusses the issue of ecological use of water resources of the Republic of Tajikistan. The main attention is paid to the study of the patterns and advantages of the concept of sustainable development in the field of water resources, the analysis and assessment of the availability of water resources in the republic and its individual regions, especially in the southeastern region of the republic, the analysis and determination of the total number of factors affecting the rational use of water resources, processing a set of recommendations aimed at developing the concept of sustainable development in the water sector, developing and implementing modern water management mechanisms and other important issues in this area, which all point to the features of this study. An analysis of the current state of the use of water resources was also carried out, existing problems of the industry were identified and solutions were proposed. It is noted that the Republic of Tajikistan has many competitive advantages in the water sector among the countries of the region, and the need to plan and design the strategic use of large water resources is considered one of the factors to protect and strengthen the competitive position.

Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Variation in Sustainable Water Resources and Their Use Based on Improved Combination Weights

The sustainable use of water resources has become increasingly crucial given the present water supply and demand situation. In this study, the degree of sustainable water resource utilization in Harbin City from 2014 to 2021 was calculated using a fuzzy identification model with a combination of the “sequential relationship analysis method (G1) and coefficient of variation method (CVM)” and 18 evaluation indicators retrieved for water resources, reflecting social, economic, and ecological aspects. The study shows that (1) in terms of the research method, the combined weighting of “G1-CVM” is a feasible approach to avoid the shortcomings of single weighting and (2) in terms of the evaluation of water resources sustainable utilization, the spatial distribution of water resources in each district (county) of Harbin City has been stable over the past 8 years. The spatial distribution pattern is relatively stable, with the three regions of Binxian, Bayan, and Shuangcheng showing better sustainable water resource utilization and the three regions of Tonghe County, including the main urban area and Wuchang City, showing deteriorating sustainable water resource utilization. As a whole, the spatial distribution of sustainable water resources in the 13 districts (counties) of Harbin City from 2014 to 2021 shows a negative correlation, with the main urban area, Wuchang City, Hulan District, Bayan County, Shuangcheng District, and Yilan County showing a clustering type in the local spatial autocorrelation analysis. Based on the evaluation results, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the sustainable use of water resources in Harbin are identified and found to be conducive to the timely adjustment of water resources allocation and the rational use of water resources in each district (county). Meanwhile, the research ideas and methods used in this paper can be applied to research on the sustainable use of water resources in other regions.

ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN GROUNDWATER LEVELS IN QUATERNARY DEPOSITS IN THE SOUTH-EASTERN PART OF THE IRTYSH-OB ARTESIAN BASIN

Link for citation: Balobanenko A.A., Vasilyev D.I., Dutova E.M., Kuzevanov K.I. Analysis of changes in groundwater levels in quaternary deposits in the south-eastern part of the Irtysh-Ob artesian basin. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2023, vol. 334, no. 7, рр. 202-213. In Rus. Relevance. The tasks of studying the level regime of groundwater are very closely related to the need to predict their resources under the influence of both natural and artificial factors in order to develop scientific foundations for the rational use of water resources and effective management of the groundwater regime in the study area. Purpose: to study changes in the level regime of groundwater for domestic and drinking purposes in Quaternary deposits in the south of the West Siberian artesian basin based on the results of long-term regime observations. Objects: groundwater of the Irtysh-Ob artesian basin of the II order, the southeastern part of the West Siberian artesian basin of the I order, most actively involved in the sphere of anthropogenic activity. The study area is confined to a province with stable seasonal freezing of the aeration zone, where the main groundwater recharge is carried out in the spring due to snowmelt. Methods. The methodology for conducting observations of groundwater levels was determined by the regulations of the former USSR Ministry of Geology, and then the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation, this paper presents a statistical processing of time series of observations of groundwater levels and a comparison of the results obtained with the data on the water regime of surface watercourses and climatic characteristics of the study areas. Results. The leading influence of climatic conditions on the main regularities of the natural hydrodynamic regime of groundwater was revealed. A different degree of intensity of the influence of external factors is shown, expressed by the amplitude of the groundwater level, depending on the type of groundwater regime and the degree of moistening of the territory. Natural factors have the least effect on groundwater as they move away from draining ones and with increasing depth.

Water use strategy of nitraria tangutorum shrubs in ecological water delivery area of the lower inland river: Based on stable isotope data

Excessive water use in the upper and middle reaches of arid inland river basins will inevitably lead to the drying up of the lower reaches. Water allocation and ecological water delivery have been widely used as water resources management strategies in global arid regions, and the implementation of such strategies has a great impact on the downstream ecosystem. We established an ecohydrological observation system at the lower reaches of the Shiyang River, an inland river in the arid region of China. The stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope technique was used to study the influence mechanism of artificial water delivery on the water use strategy of nitraria tangutorum shrubs, the typical dominant species around Qingtu Lake. The results showed that: (1)12.33% of the water used by the dominant species in the terminal lake area came directly from ecological water delivery, 77.88% from soil water formed by water delivery, and only 9.79% from precipitation. (2)With the increase of distance, nitraria tangutorum shrubs absorbed less surface soil water and lake water, and gradually turned to using deeper soil water and precipitation. (3) Ecological water delivery cycles affected the water use strategies of nitraria tangutorum shrubs. The proportion of deep soil water used by plants increased in the non-water delivery period, and the proportion of precipitation absorbed by plants also increased. Thus, Vegetation in the terminal lake region mainly depended on ecological water use, and the amount and time of water delivery directly determined the water use of dominant species. The results help us to understand the adaptation mechanism of plants under the background of artificial water delivery in the low reaches of arid inland river basins and provide a reference for the rational use of water resources and ecological construction.

Evaluating the strictest water resources management policy in China based on the S-CAD method

Abstract The strictest water resources management (SWRM) policy is an important policy to promote the rational use of water resources and sustainable water development in China. An evaluation of the SWRM policy is conducive to the SWRM's optimization and water governance. The S-CAD (Subjectivity – Consistency, Adequacy, Dependency) method is used to assess the implementation effect and formulation of the SWRM policy. The results show that the SWRM policy has a clear logic, goals, and strategy; the goals reflect the government's policy stands and the policy goals can be fully realized through the implementation process. In addition, the SWRM policy's effect is high, which helps solve the challenges of maintaining water resources, the water environment, and water security in China, and has a positive impact on water use efficiency. This study enriches the knowledge body of water policy evaluation and water governance both in China and across the world

Ecological and economic assessment of the use of water resources of Ukraine in the context of sustainable development

Water resources are crucial for sustaining human life, industry, agriculture, and ecosystems. However, increasing pressure on these resources, pollution of water sources and climate change pose serious challenges to their effective management. It was determined that the water resources of Ukraine have great potential for the development of society, but they require effective management taking into account the principles of sustainable development. It is substantiated that the formation of the fundamental scientific basis for the evaluation of water resources of Ukraine should be based on the use of ecological and economic approaches, in particular, on the study of the water balance, assessment of ecosystem services, cost analysis and other tools for determining the ecological and economic value of water resources. A comparison of the indicators of the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 6 "Ensuring the availability and rational use of water resources and sanitation for all" between Ukraine and Poland was carried out. The study revealed certain differences and similarities in the level of achievement of both countries in this direction. Based on the results of the study, it was established that ecological and economic approaches to the assessment of water resources are effective tools for determining their value and making rational decisions about their management, which allows taking into account not only economic aspects, but also the impact on ecosystems and human health.