Rational Allocation Of Resources Research Articles

Evidence From the China Family Panel Studies Survey on the Effect of Integrating the Basic Medical Insurance System for Urban and Rural Residents on the Health Equity of Residents: Difference-in-Differences Analysis.

The fragmentation of the medical insurance system is a major challenge to achieving health equity. In response to this problem, the Chinese government is pushing to establish the unified Urban and Rural Resident Basic Medical Insurance (URRBMI) system by integrating the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme and the Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance. By the end of 2020, URRBMI had been implemented almost entirely across China. Has URRBMI integration promoted health equity for urban and rural residents? This study aims to examine the effect of URRBMI integration on the health level of residents and whether the integration can contribute to reducing health disparities and promoting health equity. We used the staggered difference-in-differences method based on the China Family Panel Studies survey from 2014 to 2018. Our study had a nationally representative sample of 27,408 individuals from 98 cities. We chose self-rated health as the measurement of health status. In order to more accurately discern whether the sample was covered by URRBMI, we obtained the exact integration time of URRBMI according to the official documents issued by local governments. Finally, we grouped the sample by urban and rural areas, regions, and household income to examine the impact of the integration on health equity. We found that overall, the URRBMI integration has improved the health level of Chinese residents (B=0.066, 95% CI 0.014-0.123; P=.01). In terms of health equity, the results showed that first, the integration has improved the health level of rural residents (B=0.070, 95% CI 0.012-0.128; P=.02), residents in western China (B=0.159, 95% CI 0.064-0.255; P<.001), and lower-middle-income groups (B=0.113, 95% CI 0.004-0.222, P=.04), so the integration has played a certain role in narrowing the health gap between urban and rural areas, different regions, and different income levels. Through further mechanism analysis, we found that the URRBMI integration reduced health inequity in China by facilitating access to higher-rated hospitals and increasing reimbursement rates for medical expenses. However, the integration did not improve the health of the central region and low-income groups, and the lack of access to health care for low-income groups was not effectively reduced. The role of URRBMI integration in promoting health equity among urban and rural residents was significant (P=.02), but in different regions and income groups, it was limited. Focusing on the rational allocation of medical resources between regions and increasing the policy tilt toward low-income groups could help improve the equity of health insurance integration.

A spatiotemporal analysis of the association between carbon productivity, socioeconomics, medical resources and cardiovascular diseases in southeast rural China.

With China's rapid industrialization and urbanization, China has been increasing its carbon productivity annually. Understanding the association between carbon productivity, socioeconomics, and medical resources with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) may help reduce CVDs burden. However, relevant studies are limited. The study aimed to describe the temporal and spatial distribution pattern of CVDs hospitalization in southeast rural China and to explore its influencing factors. In this study, 1,925,129 hospitalization records of rural residents in southeast China with CVDs were analyzed from the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (NRCMS). The spatial distribution patterns were explored using Global Moran's I and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA). The relationships with influencing factors were detected using both a geographically and temporally weighted regression model (GTWR) and multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR). In southeast China, rural inpatients with CVDs increased by 95.29% from 2010 to 2016. The main groups affected were elderly and women, with essential hypertension (26.06%), cerebral infarction (17.97%), and chronic ischemic heart disease (13.81%) being the leading CVD subtypes. The results of LISA shows that central and midwestern counties, including Meilie, Sanyuan, Mingxi, Jiangle, and Shaxian, showed a high-high cluster pattern of CVDs hospitalization rates. Negative associations were observed between CVDs hospitalization rates and carbon productivity, and positive associations with per capita GDP and hospital beds in most counties (p < 0.05). The association between CVDs hospitalization rates and carbon productivity and per capita GDP was stronger in central and midwestern counties, while the relationship with hospital bed resources was stronger in northern counties. Rural hospitalizations for CVDs have increased dramatically, with spatial heterogeneity observed in hospitalization rates. Negative associations were found with carbon productivity, and positive associations with socioeconomic status and medical resources. Based on our findings, we recommend low-carbon development, use of carbon productivity as an environmental health metric, and rational allocation of medical resources in rural China.

Coordinated Development Path of Cultivated Land Utilization in Henan Section of the Yellow River Basin

Rational differentiated utilization of cultivated land can effectively coordinate the contradiction between ecological protection, cultivated land utilization, and urban development. Therefore, this article adopts the southern section of the Yellow River Basin as an example, starting with vulnerability and resilience and then formulating an index system for evaluating farmland ecological vulnerability and farmland resilience. Moreover, this article combines Future Land-Use Simulation–Urban Growth Boundaries (FLUS–UGBs) to conduct urban development boundary simulations, which take the urban development boundary as restrictions and comprehensive division and determine the differentiated utilization zoning strategies for cultivated land to achieve coordinated development between ecological protection, cultivated land use, and urban development. The following results are presented: (1) The ecological vulnerability of the research area mainly involves low-to-medium vulnerability; the western and middle sections of the research area demonstrate high and low ecological vulnerability, respectively. (2) Areas with high resilience of cultivated land are mainly located in the mid-eastern part of the research area, and those with low resilience mainly involve the western mountains. (3) The four-quadrant method, the PLUS model, and the FLUS-UGB module are employed to determine differentiated usage zones for cultivated land to achieve rational allocation and effective use of resources.

Global Burden and Its Association with Socioeconomic Development Status of Meningitis Caused by Specific Pathogens over the Past 30 years: A Population-Based Study

Background: Meningitis is a severe and fatal neurological disease and causes lots of disease burden. The purpose of this study was to assess the global, regional, and national burdens and trends of meningitis by age, sex, and etiology. Methods: Data on the burden of meningitis were collected from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019. R and Joinpoint were used for statistical analysis and charting. Results: In 2019, meningitis caused 236,222 deaths and 15,649,865 years of life lost (YLL) worldwide. The age-standardized death rate and age-standardized YLL rate of meningitis were 3.29 and 225, which decreased steadily. Burden change was mainly driven by epidemiological changes. Regionally, meningitis burden was the highest in Sub-Saharan Africa. Burden of disease increasingly concentrated in low sociodemographic index countries, and this was most pronounced in meningitis caused by N. meningitidis. Countries such as Mali, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, etc., especially need to enhance the rational allocation of public health resources to reduce the disease burden. Children and men were more likely to be affected by meningitis. PM2.5 was found to be an important risk factor. Conclusions: This study provides the first comprehensive understanding of the global disease burden of meningitis caused by specific pathogens and highlights policy priorities to protect human health worldwide, with particular attention to vulnerable regions, susceptible populations, environmental factors, and specific pathogens.

A Bibliometric Analysis of Diagnosis Related Groups from 2013 to 2022.

As an important management method of the global healthcare system, diagnosis related groups (DRGs) classify patients into different cost groups and pay more attention to the equitable distribution of medical resources and the quality of medical services. At present, most countries have used DRGs to help medical institutions and doctors to treat patients more accurately, avoid the waste of medical resources, and improve treatment efficiency. The Web of Science database was searched to collect all relevant literature on DRGs from 2013 to 2022. The literature information was imported into CiteSpace, Vosviewer, and Histcite for data analysis and visualization of the results. Analyze the cooperative relationship among the countries, institutions, journals, and authors. The usage trend of keywords; Highlight the content of the cited articles. The number of articles published in this decade was stable, and the number of citations in 2014 was the highest. The United States and Germany, as the first countries to use the DRGs system, are ahead of other countries in terms of the number and quality of articles. We have carried out content research on the articles with high citations, and summarized the application range of DRGs; classification method; advantages and disadvantages of the application. In general, the development trend of DRGs in foreign countries is to continuously optimize the classification method, expand the scope of application, and improve the application effect. These provide support and reference for the improvement of medical services and the perfection of the medical insurance system. The application of DRGs can improve the quality and efficiency of medical services, and reduce the waste of medical expenses. It can also promote the rational allocation of medical resources and the equity of medical services. In the future, DRGs will pay more attention to the personalized diagnosis and treatment and fine management of patients, and the sharing and standardization of medical data, to promote the development of medical informatization.

Dynamic analysis of correlation patterns between urban population and construction land at different administrative levels: The case of Hangzhou megacity

Understanding the urban human-land interaction at multiple administrative levels comprehensively plays an important role in the refined governance and thus provides critical references for urban planning and management. This paper analyzes the relationship between urban population and urban construction land in Hangzhou from perspectives of equilibrium, intensification and coordination at the multi-level during 2010 and 2020. Meanwhile, the underlying mechanism among the urban construction land expansion, population flow and land utilization efficiency with different demographic migration pattern is defined by Kaya identity and further quantitatively deconstructed by the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI). Regraded with the multi-level evaluation of human-land interactions, the prefectural-level analysis reveals significant reduction in both internal difference and absolute value of per capita urban construction land area, and the growth rate of urban population is 2.24 times faster than that of the urban construction land. At the county-level, the proportion of balanced and intensive county-level units increase by 15.38% and 38.46% respectively. The proportion of the county-level units under coordinated status reaches up to 92.31%. At the township-level, the proportion of intensive township-level units increases by 16.84% and the proportion of the township-level units under coordinated status is up to 64.74%. Furthermore, analysis of the multidimensional combination characteristics of urban human-land interaction is performed with six combination types at the county-level and four combination types at the township-level, which are useful for managers to develop categorized and refined urban development guidance. The driving mechanisms demonstrated that 47% of the townships with net population inflow and 41% of the townships with net population outflow are mainly influenced by the increase of permanent resident population, while the deterioration degree of land utilization efficiency in the former is significantly lower than that in the latter. This result implies that the townships in the core urban areas present the better performance in the improvement of land utilization efficiency than those in the western areas of Hangzhou. The exploration will provide references for coordinating the rational allocation of land resources and optimizing the regional human-land relationship.

An enhanced decomposition integration model for deterministic and probabilistic carbon price prediction based on two-stage feature extraction and intelligent weight optimization

Accurately predicting carbon price can promote the rational allocation of carbon resources, reducing carbon emissions and contributing to green development. The decomposition integration framework is widely applied for carbon price forecasting, but several problems remain. Thus, this paper innovatively proposes an enhanced decomposition integration model for deterministic and probabilistic carbon price forecasting, which combines two-stage feature extraction and intelligent weight optimization. In order to decrease the complexity of the data and fully extract the characteristics, two decomposition approaches are utilized. For reconstruction, fuzzy entropy is applied to balance model complexity and computing efficiency. Next, the combination forecasting model based on two deep learning models is built to circumvent the constraints of the single forecasting model, and the cuckoo search optimization method (CS) is utilized to find the weight of the combination model adaptively. Considering the differences in the contributions of each component, the optimal weighting strategy based on CS is then used to derive the final forecast. Ultimately, considering the probability interval can provide more helpful information, the decomposition integration framework is supplemented with Gaussian process regression relying on the mixed kernel function for interval prediction. In an empirical study of five carbon trading markets, the hybrid model developed in this paper exceeded all baseline models regarding prediction stability, proving that the developed model can make effective forecasting for the carbon trading business.

Spatial Simulation and Prediction of Land Use/Land Cover in the Transnational Ili-Balkhash Basin

Exploring the future trends of land use/land cover (LULC) changes is significant for the sustainable development of a region. The simulation and prediction of LULC in a large-scale basin in an arid zone can help the future land management planning and rational allocation of resources in this ecologically fragile region. Using the whole Ili-Balkhash Basin as the study area, the patch-generating land use simulation (PLUS) model and a combination of PLUS and Markov predictions (PLUS–Markov) were used to simulate and predict land use in 2020 based on the assessment of the accuracy of LULC classification in the global dataset. The accuracy of simulations and predictions using the model were measured for LULC data covering different time periods. Model settings with better simulation results were selected for simulating and predicting possible future land use conditions in the basin. The future predictions for 2025 and 2030, which are based on historical land change characteristics, indicate that the overall future spatial pattern of LULC in the basin remains relatively stable in general without the influence of other external factors. Over the time scale of the future five years, the expansion of croplands and barren areas in the basin primarily stems from the loss of grasslands. Approximately 48% of the converted grassland areas are transformed into croplands, while around 40% are converted into barren areas. In the longer time scale of the future decade, the conversion of grasslands to croplands in the basin is also evident. However, the expansion phenomenon of urban and built-up lands at the expense of croplands is more significant, with approximately 774.2 km2 of croplands developing into urban and built-up lands. This work provides an effective new approach for simulating and predicting LULC in data-deficient basins at a large scale in arid regions, thereby establishing a foundation for future research on the impact of human activities on basin hydrology and related studies.

Partitioning Evapotranspiration in a Cotton Field under Mulched Drip Irrigation Based on the Water-Carbon Fluxes Coupling in an Arid Region in Northwestern China

Measuring evapotranspiration (ET) components in cotton fields under mulched drip irrigation is needed to improve water use efficiency and promote the development of water-saving agriculture. In this study, an Eddy Covariance (EC) system was used to observe the water-carbon fluxes of cotton fields under mulched drip irrigation in an arid region during two years (2021–2022). The Underlying Water Use Efficiency (uWUE) method was used to partition the ET into transpiration (T) and evaporation (E) in order to reveal the changing characteristics of ET and its components in cotton fields under mulched drip irrigation and analyze the effects of environmental factors on each component. The results showed that the diurnal variation of ET was the same as gross primary productivity (GPP), and their course of change showed a bimodal curve at budding, blooming, and boll stages. The relationship of T at different growth stages was the same as ET, which is blooming and boll stage &gt; budding stage &gt; boll opening stage &gt; seedling stage. ET and its components were mainly affected by temperature (Tair) and net radiation (Rn). This study can provide a theoretical and practical basis for the application of uWUE in cotton fields under mulched drip irrigation and a scientific basis for the rational allocation of water resources and the formulation of a scientific water-saving irrigation system for farmland in an arid region.

The impacts of diagnosis-intervention packet payment on the providers' behavior of inpatient care-evidence from a national pilot city in China.

In 2020, the Chinese government developed and implemented an innovative case-based payment method under the regional global budget called the diagnosis-intervention packet (DIP) payment to pay for inpatient care. This study aims to assess the changes to inpatient care provision in hospitals after the DIP payment reform was implemented. This study used inpatient medical costs per case, the proportion of the out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure in inpatient medical costs, and the average length of stay (LOS) of inpatient care as outcome variables, and conducted an interrupted time series analysis to evaluate changes after the DIP payment reform. January 2021 was taken as the intervention point when a national pilot city of the DIP payment reform in the Shandong province began using the DIP payment to pay for inpatient care of secondary and tertiary hospitals. The data used in this study were obtained from the aggregated monthly claim data of inpatient care of secondary and tertiary hospitals. Compared to the pre-intervention trend, the inpatient medical costs per case, the proportion of the OOP expenditure in inpatient medical costs both in tertiary and secondary hospitals significantly decreased after the intervention. After the intervention, the reduction in the inpatient medical costs per case, the proportion of the OOP expenditure in inpatient medical costs in tertiary hospital were both higher than those in secondary hospital (p < 0.001). The average LOS of inpatient care in secondary hospital significantly increased after the intervention, and it immediately increase 0.44 day after intervention (p = 0.211). Moreover, the change of average LOS of inpatient care in secondary hospital after intervention was opposite to that in tertiary hospital, it had no statistical difference (p = 0.269). In the short term, the DIP payment reform could not only effectively regulate provider behavior of inpatient care in hospitals, but also improves the rational allocation of the regional healthcare resources. However, the long-term effects of the DIP payment reform need to be investigated in the future.

Research on the Synergistic Effect of the Composite System for High-Quality Development of the Marine Economy in China

The key to achieving the high-quality development of the marine economy (HDME) is to facilitate synergy through the coordination of marine elements. By adopting a perspective concerning complex systems, this paper presents a comprehensive framework—the composite system for high-quality development of the marine economy (CSHDME)—that synergistically integrates the five dimensions of “economy—technology—ecological—society—culture” in the marine domain. Building upon this framework, in this paper, we construct a CSHDME synergy evaluation index system using relevant data from 11 coastal provinces in China from 2010 to 2020. We utilize the subsystem orderliness degree model and composite system synergy degree model to calculate the degree of subsystem orderliness and degree of composite system synergy for the CSHDME as well as analyze the development status of the CSHDME subsystem and the degree of CSHDME synergy. The results indicate that: (1) the five-dimensional subsystem of the CSHDME exhibits an overall trend of year-on-year growth, with significant development disparities; (2) the degree of the synergy of the CSHDME is characterized by strong regional differences, strong fluctuations, instability, and low synergy; (3) the degree of the synergy of the CSHDME demonstrates the spatial evolution characteristics of low synergy, strong differences, strong fluctuations, and high agglomeration; and (4) the degree of orderliness and development speed of subsystems affect the degree of the synergy of the CSHDME. Therefore, measures such as the rational allocation of marine resources, accurate improvement of shortcomings, optimization of the spatial layout, and strengthening of regional cooperation should be considered to further promote the synergistic development of the CSHDME.

HSD93 Associated Factors of Health Services Utilization for Patients with Chronic Diseases in Chengdu, China: An Application of Anderson’s Behavior Model

To evaluate the current situation of health services utilization of chronic disease patients, and analyze the factors affecting the medical services utilization according to the framework of Andersen’s behavior model, so as to provide a reference basis for rational allocation of resources, improvement of the current situation of health services utilization and scientific formulation of health policies.

Fine-grained detection on the public's multi-dimensional communication preferences in emergency events

With the rapid development of Internet technologies, the public can participate in the information communication of emergency events more conveniently and quickly. Once an emergency occurs, the public will immediately express and disseminate massive information about the causes, processes and results of the emergency. In the process of information communication, the public often adopts diversified communication modes, and then shows differential communication preferences. The detection of the public's communication preferences can more accurately understand the information demands of the public in events, and then contribute to the rational allocation of resources and improve the processing efficiency. Therefore, this paper conducted finer-grained mining on the public's online expressions in multiple events, so as to detect the public's communication preferences. Specifically, we collected the public's expressions related to emergency events from the social media and then we analyzed the expressions from multiple dimensions to obtain the corresponding communication features. Finally, based on the comparative analysis of diversified communication features, static and dynamic communication preferences were obtained. The experimental results indicate that the public's communication preferences do exist, which is universal and consistent. Meanwhile, constructing a better social environment and improving people's livelihood are the fundamental strategies to guide public opinion.

Estimation and Spatiotemporal Evolution Analysis of Actual Evapotranspiration in Turpan and Hami Cities Based on Multi-Source Data

The accurate inversion of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) at a regional scale is crucial for understanding water circulation, climate change, and drought monitoring. In this study, we produced a 1 km monthly ETa dataset for Turpan and Hami, two typical arid cities in northwest China, using multi-source remote sensing data, reanalysis information, and the ETMonitor model from 1980 to 2021. We analyzed the spatiotemporal variation of ETa using various statistical approaches and discussed the impact of climate and land use and cover changes (LUCC) on ETa. The results show the following: (1) the estimation results correlate well with ETa products on monthly scales (coefficient of determination (R2) &gt; 0.85, root mean square error (RMSE) &lt; 15 mm/month) with high reliability. (2) The ETa values were spatially distributed similarly to precipitation and LUCC, with the multi-year (1980–2021) average of 66.31 mm and a slightly fluctuating downward trend (−0.19 mm/a). (3) During the 42-year period, 63.16% of the study area exhibited an insignificant decrease in ETa, while 86.85% experienced pronounced fluctuations (coefficient of variation (CV) &gt; 0.20), and 78.83% will show an upward trend in the future. (4) ETa was significantly positively correlated with precipitation (94.17%) and insignificantly positively correlated with temperature (55.81%). The impact of human activities showed an insignificant decreasing trend (85.41%). Additionally, the intensity of ETa varied considerably among land types, with the largest for cropland (424.12 mm/a). The results of the study have implications for promoting the rational allocation of regional water resources and improving water use efficiency in arid zones.

Identification of Urban Clusters Based on Multisource Data—An Example of Three Major Urban Agglomerations in China

Accurately identifying the boundary of urban clusters is a crucial aspect of studying the development of urban agglomerations. This process is essential for comprehending and optimizing smart and compact urban development. Existing studies often rely on a single category of data, which can result in coarse identification boundaries, insufficient detail accuracy, and slight discrepancies between the coverage and the actual conditions. To accurately identify the extent of urban clusters, this study proposes and compares the results of three methods for identifying dense urban areas of three major agglomerations in China: Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area. The study then integrates the results of these methods to obtain a more effective identification approach. The social economic method involved extracting a density threshold based on the fused nuclear density of socio-economic vitality data, including population, GDP, and POI, while the remote sensing method evaluated feature indices based on remote sensing images, including the density index, continuity index, gradient index, and development index. The traffic network method utilizes land transportation networks and travelling speeds to identify the minimum cost path and delineate the boundary by 20–30 min isochronous circles. The results obtained from the three methods were combined, and hotspots were identified using GIS overlay analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis. This method integrates the multi-layered information from the previous three methods, which more comprehensively reflects the characteristics and morphology of urban clusters. Finally, the accuracy of each identification result is verified and compared. The results reveal that the average overall accuracy (OA) of the three areas delineated by the first three methods are 57.49%, 30.88%, and 33.74%, respectively. Furthermore, the average Kappa coefficients of these areas are 0.4795, 0.2609, and 0.2770, respectively. After performing data fusion, the resulting average overall accuracy (OA) was 85.34%, and the average Kappa coefficient was 0.7394. These findings suggest that the data fusion method can effectively delineate dense urban areas with greater accuracy than the previous three methods. Additionally, this method can accurately reflect the scope of urban clusters by depicting their overall boundary contour and the distribution of internal details in a more scientific manner. The study proposes a feasible method and path for the identification of urban clusters. It can serve as a starting point for formulating spatial planning policies for urban agglomerations, aiding in precise and scientific control of boundary growth. This can promote the rational allocation of resources and optimization of spatial structure by providing a reliable reference for the optimization of urban agglomeration space and the development of regional spatial policies.

Research on Market Share Prediction of Highway Passenger Transport Based on Exponential Smoothing Method

Highway transportation is an important part of our country traffic transportation system, taking on most of the capacity demand in passenger transport markets. But with the rapid development of domestic rail transportation technology, people's travel mode has gradually changed from highway transportation to rail transportation. This makes the highway passenger transport management department must consider the impact of the change of people's travel mode on the highway passenger transport market demand when making production plans. The market share of highway passenger transport is an important index to measure the development level of highway passenger transport, which can directly reflect the supply-demand relationship between highway passenger transport and passenger transport market. Therefore, this paper selects the market share of highway passenger transport as the prediction evaluation index, and predicts and analyzes the market share data of highway passenger transport in Henan Province from 2010 to 2021 based on the exponential smoothing method. It mainly calculates the single exponential smoothing results under several different smoothing coefficients by using the smoothing analysis tool in EXCEL, and determines the optimal smoothing coefficient by taking the minimum root mean square error (RMSE) as the criterion. Then, it solves the lag defect of the single exponential smoothing prediction results by using the quadratic exponential smoothing. Finally, the trend prediction model of highway passenger transport market share in Henan Province is obtained. The prediction results of this model can guide the rational allocation of highway transportation resources and the formulation of passenger transport production plan in Henan Province.

Priorities identification of habitat restoration for migratory birds under the increased water level during the middle of dry season: A case study of Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake wetlands, China

The distribution of wetland ecosystem restoration sites is uneven and resources are limited, so priority identification is essential for rational resource allocation and reduction of biodiversity loss. Under the influence of human activities and climate variability, the water level during the middle of dry season (MDS) had a significant tendency to increase in Poyang Lake (PYL) and Dongting Lake (DTL), which directly affected the habitat suitability (HS) of migratory birds and threatened their existence. Based on the data of HS and weight of migratory birds, four evaluation indexes, namely, the accuracy of priority identification (API), geographical area equalization (GAE), the spatial autocorrelation consistency (SAC) and comprehensive evaluation index (CEI), were used to evaluate and compare the priorities identification effects of four classification methods, namely, natural breaks method, quantile method, equal interval method, and geometric interval method. The results showed that the geometric interval method and the quantile method are the best methods to identify the priority of habitat restoration of migratory birds in PYL and DTL wetlands, respectively, under the condition of increased water level (IWL) during the MDS. The method of priority identification proposed in this study and its results can provide a scientific basis for the regulation of wetland resources and the conservation of biodiversity (especially migratory birds).

A TRUSTED COMPUTING RESOURCES OPTIMAL SCHEDULING ALGORITHM IN INDUSTRIAL INTERNET AND HEALTHCARE INTEGRATING DRL, BLOCKCHAIN AND END-EDGE-CLOUD

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Internet technology, the product of the combination of the two, the Industrial Internet, has also received extensive attention and there are more and more research achievements related to the Industrial Internet. In the industrial Internet system, the communication network system composed of sensors, communication nodes, controllers and other intelligent devices can realize efficient and convenient data interaction between people and machines, providing an important infrastructure and technical support for industrial big data analysis and intelligent production. However, in the current industrial Internet system, industrial equipment users generally have the problem of low computing energy efficiency, and the collected industrial data has a high-security risk in the transmission, processing and other processes. At the same time, the size and scale of the industrial Internet equipment group is huge, and the lack of rational resource allocation leads to excessive waste of computing resources in the system, which is also a prominent problem of the current industrial Internet system. In response to the above questions, this paper, on the basis of reading a large number of documents, integrates the improved DRL algorithm, End-Edge-Cloud architecture and blockchain to form a new industrial Internet architecture. The architecture realizes computing offload through the three-tier structure of terminal layer, edge layer and cloud layer, and guarantees the security of industrial data through the decentralized feature of blockchain, ultimately achieving the goal of reducing energy consumption, computing overhead and trusted computing. In the architecture proposed in this paper, the dynamic unloading of industrial data and computing tasks is achieved through a three-tier architecture. The MDP is used to build an optimization problem model, and the improved DRL algorithm is used to iteratively solve the optimal computing resource scheduling strategy. The main research contents of this paper include (1) Using MDP to model optimization problems; (2) Propose an industrial Internet system architecture that integrates and improves DRL, “end edge cloud” and blockchain; (3) The MDP problem is solved iteratively based on deep reinforcement learning. The simulation results show that the proposed architecture has more advantages than the existing six architectures in terms of computing cost, equipment energy consumption and total working time.

Spatial–Temporal Changes in Land Use and Their Driving Forces in the Circum-Bohai Coastal Zone of China from 2000 to 2020

Over the past two decades, the location and morphology of the coastline, as well as the land use/land cover (LULC) in the Circum-Bohai region in China, have undergone significant changes due to rapid industrialization and urbanization. Analyzing the temporal and spatial variation in coastal lines and LULC can provide a meaningful basis for the rational allocation of land resources. Using Landsat TM/OLI series dates from the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, this study applied the Linear Superposition Water Index (LSWI) and the Otsu threshold method (OTSU) algorithm to extract and analyze the coastline of the Circum-Bohai region. Additionally, the Random Forests (RF) method was employed to extract LULC information in the coastal zone. Using the geographical detector, we further explored the influence of social and economic factors, as well as natural factors, on spatial differentiation mechanisms of LULC change in the Circum-Bohai. Our results show that between 2000 and 2020, the Circum-Bohai coastline generally expanded towards the ocean by a total of 1062.99 km. The highest rate of change occurred during 2010 to 2015, and human activities were the primary cause of most of the changes, with the exception of the Yellow River Delta, where natural factors were dominant. The main types of LULC in the study area from 2000 to 2020 were farmland and construction land. The area of farmland proportion decreased by 1.75%, while the area of construction land proportion increased from 16.73% to 29.54%. Our findings indicate that the degree of land use in the Circum-Bohai is deepening. Based on our factor detection analysis, the added value of the secondary industry was the most critical influencing factor on LULC. Furthermore, the combined effect of the added value of the secondary industry and gross domestic product (GDP) has a significant driving impact on LULC. These findings can provide reference and data support for the sustainable development and comprehensive management of land resources. The relevant departments can use these results to prompt corresponding policies for the rational allocation of land resources.

중국 산업구조 변화가 기업의 기술혁신에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

This study analyzed how the level of change in China’s industrial structure affected the technological innovation of companies. After China’s accession to the WTO (2001) and the global financial crisis in 2008, the internal and external economic environment has changed, and the subject of rapid economic growth and the level of change in China’s industrial structure and its accompanying impact has become the subject of research by scholars at home and abroad.&#x0D; This study classified industrial structure changes into industrial structure rationalization and industrial structure advancement, and then verified the degree of optimization of industrial structure changes. Industrial structure rationalization is an indicator that measures the level of aggregation between industries. It reflects the degree of balanced development among industries and the degree of rational allocation of resources, and evaluates the degree of balance between factor input and output. Industrial structure upgrading is an indicator that evaluates the degree of optimization of industrial structure restructuring. Both industrial structure rationalization and industrial structure upgrading affect and are influenced by economic growth and ripple effects between industries, as well as being influenced by the local economy.&#x0D; In this study, a Stata regression analysis was conducted using panel data from 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China during the period 2009-2020. In this study, general effect model, mixed effect model, fixed effect model, random effect model, and 2SLS test were compared and analyzed, and the results were compared and analyzed by dividing the region into eastern and coastal regions and inland regions. In addition, verification was conducted by adding variables as key factors influencing technological innovation.&#x0D; As a result of the study, it was found that the level of industrial structure rationalization did not have a significant impact on the technological innovation of companies in the eastern and coastal areas, and in the inland area, technology content was relatively low or small and medium-sized enterprises were mainly distributed, so only specific industries affected only technological innovation. appeared to affect As for the level of advanced industrial structure, there is a lot of input into innovative technologies for leading industries in the eastern and coastal regions, which are relatively developed regions, but all of these innovative technologies have not been achieved in sales output or the effects due to the time lag have not yet appeared. appeared to be There are many industries with low technology content in Banman and inland areas, and it is found that technological innovation of companies leads well to sales output.