Rational Form Research Articles

Prividni red u haotičnom svijetu / The Apparent Order in a Chaotic World

The primary objective of this paper is to show how Oedipa Maas, the central character in Thomas Pynchon’s novel The Crying of Lot 49, navigates the world by adhering to traditional and formal methods of rationalization. This entails creating a structured framework for understanding the world and its phenomena through strict logical connectives. Traditionally, such a form of rationalization has been associated with the analytical capacities of individuals, with the expectation that it can yield a singular, valid interpretation of the world. In this paper, we will examine Oedipa Maas’s condition and actions within the framework of two linguistic theories: one positing the existence of universal interpretive tools (Logos) aimed at providing a singular worldview, and the other emphasizing the social historical influences on individuals and the contingent nature of language as tools for interpreting the world. We attribute the first theory to Ferdinand de Saussure and the second to Jacques Derrida. This theoretical foundation will help us highlight the epistemic dimensions of the novel, where the protagonist attempts to adhere to a logocentric approach in her understanding of the world. Oedipa rejects Derrida’s view of language, fearing that it will lead to meaninglessness or chaos, and instead strives for a harmonious vision of the world (cosmos). However, the order she seeks and occasionally perceives is merely a reflection of her interpretive framework. She desires to perceive order, but it exists solely within the confines of her language.

Peternakan Eduwisata Kambing-Domba Pentahelix dalam Mendukung Ketahanan Protein di Sumatera Utara

Arjuna Farm is a goat-sheep farm that was established to increase family income with an educational concept that targets meeting the community's protein needs. Limited knowledge in the field of animal husbandry in the form of procurement of feed ingredients, ration formulation, and management, encouraged the team from the LPPM Annual Service, Universitas Sumatera Utara to provide assistance with solutions offered to farmers, including providing training, lectures, discussions, and demonstrations of waste-based feed processing. agriculture, and food processing industry, making complete silage feed, making MOL bio activator in fermentation and maintenance management. This activity is expected to increase the knowledge and skills of breeders. Apart from that, assistance was provided in the form of goat milking equipment and cage design. This activity is predicted to result in savings in animal feed costs because it can utilize alternative sources of feed ingredients, formulate and make concentrate feed independently, and complete fermentation methods.

Mekanisme Pertahanan Diri Sigmund Freud Pada Tokoh Margio Dalam Novel Lelaki Harimau Karya Eka Kurniawan

This research aims to find out how the self-defense mechanism of Margio's character in the novel Lelaki Harimau by Eka Kurniawan. The problem raised is how the self-defense mechanism is carried out by the character Margio in the novel Lelaki Harimau by Eka Kurniawan when facing a problem. This research uses a qualitative method and is presented descriptively. The data in this study are in the form of words or sentences. The theory used comes from one of the most famous psychoanalysts, Sigmund Freud. The findings obtained from this study are the form of self-defense mechanisms carried out by the character Margio in the novel Lelaki Harimau by Eka Kurniawan in the form of Repression, Rationalization, Diversion, Projection, Denial, and Regression. This research only focuses on one character, namely Margio. Future research can discuss other characters and study them more broadly.

Utilizing Molecular Simulations to Examine Nanosuspension Stability.

Drug nanosuspensions offer a promising approach to improve bioavailability for poorly soluble drug candidates. Such formulations often necessitate the inclusion of an excipient to stabilize the drug nanoparticles. However, the rationale for the choice of the correct excipient for a given drug candidate remains unclear. To gain molecular insight into formulation design, this work first utilizes a molecular dynamics simulation to computationally investigate drug-excipient interactions for a number of combinations that have been previously studied experimentally. We find that hydrophobic interactions drive excipient adsorption to drug nanoparticles and that the fraction of polar surface area serves as a predictor for experimental measurements of nanosuspension stability. To test these ideas prospectively, we applied our model to an uncharacterized drug compound, GDC-0810. Our simulations predicted that a salt form of GDC-0810 would lead to more stable nanosuspensions than the neutral form; therefore, we tested the stability of salt GDC-0810 nanosuspensions and found that the salt form readily formed nanosuspensions even without the excipient. To avoid computationally expensive simulations in the future, we extended our model by showing that simple, two-dimensional properties of single drug molecules can be used to rationalize nanosuspension designs without simulations. In all, our work demonstrates how computational tools can provide molecular insight into drug-excipient interactions and aid in rational formulation design.

Pulmonary tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus: Epidemiology, pathogenesis and therapeutic management (Review).

The dual burden of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major global public health concern. There is increasing evidence to indicate an association between PTB and DM. DM is associated with immune dysfunction and altered immune components. Hyperglycemia weakens the innate immune response by affecting the function of macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, and natural killer cells, and also disrupts the adaptive immune response, thus promoting the susceptibility of PTB in patients with DM. Antituberculosis drugs often cause the impairment of liver and kidney function in patients with PTB, and the infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis weaken pancreatic endocrine function by causing islet cell amyloidosis, which disrupts glucose metabolism and thus increases the risk of developing DM in patients with PTB. The present review discusses the association between PTB and DM from the perspective of epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment management. The present review aims to provide information for the rational formulation of treatment strategies for patients with PTB-DM.

Development of the automated decision-making system synthesis method in the management of information security channels

In the process of transmission channels functioning, the results of the work of bodies for detecting and blocking information leakage channels are not sufficiently taken into account. Management of information protection channels is actually the collection and display of data followed by the assignment of influence on each information channel separately and is carried out in manual mode. In decision support systems, the tasks of identifying information leakage channels are not solved. There is a contradiction between the requirements for the automation of the management of information protection channels and the possibility of meeting these requirements at the expense of the available automation tools. Classical theory considers the decision-making process as a choice of one of many alternatives. The development of rational forms and methods of managing information protection channels should prevent threats and challenges. Therefore, the object of research is the process of ensuring security during data transmission through information channels. The main threats and challenges are man-made and natural cataclysms, terrorism, aggression by a number of states or individual groups of people, which are not taken into account in the complex in the decision-making system during the management of information protection channels. A structural diagram of information exchange based on the description of a weakly formalized process under conditions of non-stochastic uncertainty is proposed. It is proposed to use the logical-linguistic production model. For a hierarchically organized structure based on classification features, it is proposed to build a hierarchy tree that takes into account the relationships of partially ordered sets. The formed production rules for determining appropriate strategies for the planned detection of information leakage channels based on predicted values allow to proceed to knowledge processing for the synthesis of an automated decision-making system during the management of protection channels

“I never look at a temperature device, I just feel it”: Practical knowledge, smart technologies, and heating and cooling practices between Denmark and Australia

Drawing on insights from Danish and Australian households, this article explores the role of practical knowledge in shaping the energy-intensive practices of domestic heating and cooling. Alongside technological interventions designed to shift and shed energy consumption, prevailing discourses regarding heating and cooling regularly emphasise the importance of householders rationally and efficiently using energy at home. Conversely, this study shows that householders routinely draw on practical forms of knowledge, including embodied understandings and everyday know-how, as they heat and cool their homes. Drawing on social practice theories, this article presents insights from 28 ethnographic interviews and home tours conducted in Greater Copenhagen, Denmark, and Canberra, Australia. Both sites incorporate emerging smart technologies which aim to shift and shed household energy demand, including through better facilitating resident's management of the indoor climate. While the selected field sites differ importantly in terms of the technologies and infrastructures present, as well as the prevailing cultures and climate, the cross-national analysis shows a conceptual overlap in the way that residents in these divergent contexts draw on their lay understandings to pursue thermally desirable home environments. The findings thereby highlight how in the course of everyday life technical and ostensibly rational forms of knowledge are often contextualised and operationalised through their combination with practical knowledge. As such, this article seeks to complement existing research into the smart infrastructures increasingly involved in household energy management by demonstrating and advocating for a fuller consideration of the role played by practical knowledge and everyday experience.

EFFICIENCY OF RATIONAL COMBINED STEEL TRUSSES

In this article, a comparative assessment of the technical and economic efficiency of rational combined steel trusses with typical trusses according to DSTU is considered. New rational constructive combined forms of covering systems (roof trusses) have been developed for spans of 18, 24 and 30 m, with less material consumption and labor intensity compared to existing analogues. It is shown that the mass of such rational combined steel trusses with a span of 18 m is less than a typical one by 13% to 16.5% depending on the value of load, for a combined truss with a span of 24 m the mass is less by 20.5% to 25%, and for a 30 m - from 12.5% to 17%. The results of the evaluation of the technical and economic efficiency are presented. The main criterion for the economic efficiency of constructions is general costs. A comparison of the technical and economic efficiency proves that our proposed option provides a significant saving of material and labor resources.Widespread implementation can provide a significant economic effect, which is important in the conditions of post-war reconstruction of Ukraine.

Mushroom poisoning outbreaks in Guizhou Province, China: a prediction study using SARIMA and Prophet models

Mushroom poisoning is a public health concern worldwide that not only harms the physical and mental health of those who are poisoned but also increases the medical and financial burden on families and society. The present study aimed to describe and analyze the current situations and factors influencing mushroom poisoning outbreaks in Guizhou province, Southwest China, between January 2012 and June 2022, and to predict the future trends of its occurrence. Our study provides a basis for the rational formulation of prevention and control and medical resource allocation policies for mushroom poisoning. The epidemiological characteristics and factors influencing mushroom poisoning incidence were analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods and the chi-squared test, respectively. Then, future occurrence trends were predicted using the SARIMA and Prophet models. In total, 1577 mushroom poisoning incidents were recorded in Guizhou Province, with 7347 exposures, 5497 cases, 3654 hospitalizations, and 93 fatalities. The mortality rate was 4.45% in 1 ~ 6 years higher than other age groups. There were notable geographic and seasonal characteristics, with the number of occurrences much higher in rural areas (1198) than in cities (379), and poisoning cases were more common during the rainy season (June to September). The mortality rate of household poisoning cases was 1.86%, with the most deaths occurring in households. Statistically significant differences were observed in the incidence across various cities, periods, and poisoning locations (P < 0.05). Both models had advantages and disadvantages for prediction. Nevertheless, the SARIMA model had better overall prediction results than the Prophet model (R > 0.9, the residual plot of the prediction results was randomly distributed, and RMSESARIMA < RMSEProphet). However, the prediction result plot of the Prophet model was more explanatory than the SARIMA model and could visualize overall and seasonal trends. Both models predicted that the prevalence of mushroom poisoning would continue to increase in the future; however, the number of fatalities is generally declining. Seasonal patterns indicated that a high number of deaths from gooseberry mushroom poisoning occurred in October. The epidemiological trends of mushroom poisoning remain severe, and health education on related knowledge must be strengthened in rural areas, with June to October as the key prevention and control phase. Further, medical treatment of mushroom poisoning cases with clinical symptoms should pay attention to inquiries to check whether the mushroom is similar in appearance to the Amanita, particularly in October.

Evaluating the effects of wilting, mixing with timothy and silage additive application on red clover silage quality

Red clover is typically produced as a mixed stand with grasses, which may lead to suboptimal fertilization and harvest time practices, resulting in poor survival of red clover. Further, unknown proportions of red clover in mixed swards complicate ration formulation for livestock. Thus, producing red clover as pure stands could offer benefits, but it may be difficult to ensile. The objective of the current study was to evaluate major management possibilities such as wilting, inclusion of timothy grass and different types of additives in optimizing the ensilage of red clover. Low DM silages were poorly preserved with high pH, elevated acetic acid concentrations and proportions of ammonia-N in total N, as well as depleted water-soluble carbohydrate levels. Moderate wilting clearly improved the fermentation quality of silages. Further, the use of formic acid-based additives improved the fermentation quality of the silages, the effect being more pronounced in the low than medium dry matter silages. The composition of red clover and timothy were rather similar regarding dry matter content and ensilability. This was probably the reason why clear benefits in silage quality from timothy inclusion could not be demonstrated.

Concetti e strategie progettuali per ripensare il funzionamento di un comprensorio irriguo di derivazione appenninica

Moving from the working hypothesis of reading the water infrastructure as a fundamental support for territorial construction (Viganò, Secchi, Fabian, 2016), the following essay proposes an original perspective and some new analytical and conceptual operations to deal with this research theme. This aim is carried out by using a design experience based on a very specific case study: a territory that can be defined through the image, proposed by Piero Bevilacqua (1989), of the irrigation oasis, an irrigation districit with specialized agriculture characterized es by the relationship with the Apennine mountain and with the torrential regime of its water bodies.&#x0D; By translating this image into a specific ecological structure – produced by a close relation between surface and underground forms of water, thickness and rationality of the soil, forms and structures of agricultural property – the essay proposes an original reading of a contemporary territory designed by water.

Alpha Fractal Rational Quintic Spline with Shape Preserving Properties

The intent of this paper is to construct the alpha fractal rational quintic spline. We have considered C2 rational quintic function, which is of the rational form, where the numerator is a quintic polynomial and denominator is a linear polynomial having two shape parameters i.e. sm &amp; tm and deduced the uniform error bound for alpha fractal rational quintic spline. Also constraints have been applied on shape parameters and scaling factors to drive the shape preserving properties.

Value Rationality Dalam KHI Pasal Ihdad Bagi Suami

Abstract: Ihdad is a period of mourning for wives whose husbands died without jewelry and perfume. This means that only the wife is obliged to fulfill Ihdad. However, in KHI Article 170 paragraph (2) a husband whose wife has died must mourn politely. By using Max Weber's Theory of Social Action, the author wants to reveal the purpose of the Drafting Team as actors of Social Action from this article. And what will be examined is (1) The purpose of the Drafting Team in adopting article 170 paragraph (2) KHI. (2) Max Weber's Social Action Theory perspective on Ihdad for husbands. The focus of the research study is normative law. And in the form of library research. Data were analyzed using descriptive analytical methods by outlining Max Weber's entire theory of social action, especially Max Weber's 4 ideal types. Meanwhile, the data analysis uses an analytical approach to statutory regulations. It can be concluded (1) The aim of the KHI Drafting Team as social action actors in producing the Ihdad article for husbands in KHI Article 170 paragraph (2) is to respect the practice of Ihdad for husbands which has long been carried out by the community in certain areas before KHI existed and is one of The ideals of formulating the KHI as a legal answer to problems that arise in Indonesian Islamic society can be realized, even though the article does not yet have a definite legal label, because this is a form of caution from the Drafting Team. (2) that the goal of the KHI Formulation Team is included in the type of social action classified by Weber, in the form of Value Rationality, where with this type of motive the Formulation Team has appreciated the action. practice Ihdad to their husbands and these are the values they want to live by and fight for.

A glimpse into the structural properties of α-synuclein oligomers.

α-Synuclein (αS) aggregation is the main neurological hallmark of a group of debilitating neurodegenerative disorders, collectively referred to as synucleinopathies, of which Parkinson's disease is the most prevalent. αS oligomers formed during the initial stages of aggregation are considered key pathogenic drivers of disease onset and progression, standing as privileged targets for therapeutic intervention and diagnosis. However, the structure of αS oligomers and the mechanistic basis of oligomer to fibril conversion are yet poorly understood, thereby precluding the rational formulation of strategies aimed at targeting oligomeric species. In this review, we delve into the recent advances in the structural and mechanistic characterization of αS oligomers. We also discuss how these advances are transforming our understanding of these elusive species and paving the way for oligomer-targeting therapeutics and diagnosis.

РАЗРАБОТКА СОСТАВА, ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И ИСПЫТАНИЯ ПОЛИКОМПОНЕНТНЫХ СУППОЗИТОРИЕВ С ЭКСТРАКТОМ ПОСКОННИКА КОНОПЛЯНОГО

Hemorrhoids are one of the most common pathologies among rectal diseases, which most often affects residents of large cities around the world. This fact is explained primarily by the fact that the development of hemorrhoids is facilitated by a sedentary lifestyle of the urban population, bad habits, irregular and unbalanced nutrition, and abuse of fast-food products. The most effective way to treat hemorrhoids is surgery. However, drug therapy is no less important, both at the stage of conservative treatment and in the postoperative period. Most often, hormonal and antibacterial drugs are used to treat hemorrhoids. However, as medical practice shows, their use does not always provide a long-lasting and sustainable antihemorrhoidal effect, and is also characterized by a number of side effects associated with the possibility of systemic absorption of the active components of the drugs. In this regard, the search and development of new safe and effective drugs for the treatment and prevention of exacerbations of hemorrhoids is an urgent task of modern pharmaceutical science. When designing drugs for the treatment of hemorrhoids, it is necessary to take into account the combined clinical picture of this disease, including such manifestations as swelling, inflammation, pain, itching and burning in the rectal area. Thus, it seems appropriate to create a multifunctional antihemorrhoidal drug, which includes components of anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anesthetic action. It is possible to ensure such a rational combination by combining synthetic drugs and complexes of biologically active substances of plant origin One of the compositions suitable for the development of an antihemorrhoidal drug is, in our opinion, the combined presence of benzocaine and dry herb extract. Benzocaine is well known as an affordable, effective and safe local anesthetic used for local pain relief. Hemp sapling herb, in turn, is often used in folk medicine as a wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, decongestant for the treatment of bruises, burns, infected wounds and ulcers of various etiologies. The most rational form for the combination of benzocaine and dry sapling herb extract proposed above seems to be suppositories. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to develop the composition, technology and testing of anti-hemorrhoidal suppositories from the sapling grass with dry extract and benzocaine. It has been established that the developed recipe for rectal suppositories on a hydrophilic basis containing polyethylene oxide 400 and 1500 is distinguished by the necessary technological properties, high bioavailability and meets the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation XV edition.

Hume’s liberalism based on Scottish jurisprudence

This study develops a view of Hume’s is/ought distinction as an extension of Scottish jurisprudence that, in turn, was influenced by Pufendorf’s discussion of entia moralia. Further, it investigates the unique role that Hume’s sentimentalism played in the production of elements in the context of liberalism under the rule of law, independently of previous philosophical traditions.First, we observe that Hume’s is/ought distinction corresponds to a distinction between uncivilized and civilized entities, rather than between amoral rationality and moral passions. Next, analyzing Hume’s argument for “moral evidence,” we find that such evidence is necessary for various activities, such as consent or trading, in the field of moral entities as civil societies. Finally, a study of Hume’s stance with respect to civil and common laws shows that his moral sentimentalism, which includes the is/ought distinction and moral evidence, suggests a new possibility for social development that is distinct from previous rational forms of jurisprudence. From this discussion, a unique sprout of modern liberalism can be seen in Hume’s theory of justice.

Hubert Treiber and the Sociology of Law of Max Weber: From the Ideal Types of Legal Rationality to the Plurality of Law

Abstract Hubert Treiber has established himself as one of the world’s leading scholars of Weber, in particular of his Sociology of Law. Especially, Treiber defends Weber’s decisive contribution to legal pluralism, comparable to Eugen Ehrlich’s, although from a quite different perspective. Indeed, it is not possible to analyse Weber’s distinction between state and non-state law (a central distinction for legal pluralism) without taking into consideration what he means, sociologically, by “law” on the one hand and by “the state” on the other. Weber’s ideal typical construction of social relations under the category “law” requires an Archimedean point, which is the formal rationality of law, closely associated, at the end of an historical development, with the efforts of legal abstraction and systematisation by the proponents of Pandectism in modern Germany. In the following text, linked to some of Treiber’s major works, the author addresses first Weber’s analysis of the rationalities of law, and then deals with the question of the plurality of law, as these two aspects are closely intertwined.

Analysis on the Feasibility of Integrated Education for Autistic Children in China

Autism is a psychological disorder caused by the deviation from the nerve tissue development in the human body, and patients with this disorder can be easily recognized in the crowd, mainly due to their social impairment and abnormal and strange behaviors. This paper first introduces the relevant definitions of autism and integrated education. Then, it draws out that autistic children are characterized by communication difficulties, social impairment, narrow interests, stereotyped behaviors, a delayed speech system, a lack of imitation ability, etc. Lastly, based on the current education situation in China, this paper points out that, at present, teachers professionalism lags behind the requirements of integrated education, curriculum resources cannot meet the needs of autistic childrens education, and current learning styles are not suitable for autistic children. In addition, the construction of classroom culture fails to reach the degree of mutual integration, the teaching and learning pattern in Chinese autistic classrooms is not scientific enough, and the number of related studies is small. Based on the above problems, corresponding solutions are proposed, including the allocation optimization of curriculum resources, rational formulation of learning styles and teaching strategies, and the enhancement of the linkage between home and school.

From occupational to organisational professionalism: Exploring the changing nature of professionalism in community learning and development (1975–2019)

Professionalism in the context of public sector professions is a changing concept, which is subject to different interpretations. The sociologist Julia Evetts has developed two models, occupational and organisational professionalism, which are useful conceptual tools which help us to understand from a wider theoretical perspective the changing nature of professionalism. Occupational professionalism refers to a model of professionalism that involves collegial authority, practitioner trust by both clients and employers, controls operationalised by practitioners and professional ethics monitored by institutions and associations. In this model, discourses about professions are constructed from within professional groups primarily by teaching and training institutions and professional associations. In contrast, organisational professionalism refers to a new form of professionalism which emerged in the 1990s whereby discourses about professions are constructed from outwith professions primarily by government, policy makers and management in the employing organisations where professionals work. This model involves a discourse of control increasingly used by managers in work organisations, rational legal forms of authority, hierarchal structure of authority and decision making, new public managerialism, accountability, and externalised forms of regulations, target setting and performance review. In this article, Evetts’ models are applied to the professional field of practice which in Scotland is known as Community Learning and Development. The article considers the ways in which CLD was historically influenced by both models and argues that the organisational model has intensified in recent years in a context shaped by austerity and its transformative impact on local government.

Formality and finiteness in rational homotopy theory

We explore various formality and finiteness properties in the differential graded algebra models for the Sullivan algebra of piecewise polynomial rational forms on a space. The 1 -formality property of the space may be reinterpreted in terms of the filtered and graded formality properties of the Malcev Lie algebra of its fundamental group, while some of the finiteness properties of the space are mirrored in the finiteness properties of algebraic models associated with it. In turn, the formality and finiteness properties of algebraic models have strong implications on the geometry of the cohomology jump loci of the space. We illustrate the theory with examples drawn from complex algebraic geometry, actions of compact Lie groups, and 3 -dimensional manifolds.