Value Rationality Dalam KHI Pasal Ihdad Bagi Suami

This article discusses Max Weber's theory of social action and Emil Durkheim's theory of social facts in the introduction of local community traditions. This article aims to find the existence of Max Weber's social action theory and Emile Durkheim's social fact theory in the introduction of local community traditions. This research uses a qualitative approach, with the type of library research that uses descriptive-analytical data analysis techniques. The results of the discussion in this article are that when viewed from Max Weber's theory of social facts, namely traditional actions, affective actions and social actions, the introduction of traditions is based on habits that have been rooted for generations, then the introduction of traditions is carried out on the basis of feelings and emotions (unconscious). In addition, the introduction of tradition is carried out by someone based on conscious consideration and choice, so the aim is to introduce the region, usually this is done by government agencies. Meanwhile, based on Emile Durkhim's social action theory, namely material and non-material forms, in the introduction of tradition there must be a fact that can be seen directly or observed and the introduction of tradition is a form of expression of one's feelings towards the traditions that have prevailed.

The existence of students in the community should play a role as a drafter, dynamist, and evaluator of various social changes. Something that has a positive impact on the community. But some of them do the opposite, having a negative impact on the community, such as acting as a gigolo, known as ‘exclusive gigolo’. This research presents the meaningful actions carried out by exclusive gigolo to attract sympathy and various actions in providing excellent service to clients. These actions were examined from the perspective of Max Weber's Theory of Social Action. This research used a qualitative approach with the perspective of Weber's theory. The research subjects were students who worked as gigolos, ranging from freelance to a lover (manstress). The informants were selected using the snowball sampling technique. Meanwhile, the data collection technique used is in-depth interviews. Data analysis and interpretation techniques are carried out with a deeper understanding (verstehen). There are gigolo social actions, within the framework of norm values, which become the blueprint of community behavior. First, the integration between rationality actions and instrumental rationality actions. These actions were found in activities, including: (1) Gigolo built his self-image: from self-expertise to intelligence in choosing marketing models; (2) Ignoring the feeling of shame as self-strengthening in facing various situations; (3) Client service actions: from holding hands to sexual activity. Second, the integration between rationality action and affective action. The highest achievement for gigolo is to become a lover (manstress). The intensity and the close relationship between a gigolo and the client can make both of them fall in love, like real love. In this context, the gigolo puts money as its main goal. On the other hand, gigolo realizes that the woman who is his client has a family, so it is impossible to have the love of the woman completely. This research concluded that: (1) The implementation of Max Weber's Theory of Social Action in gigolo social actions is integrated into one action with another, and; (2) Gigolo does not take traditional actions on the actions that have been taken.

This study aims to determine whether the use of guardian services is following Islamic rules and what is the motive of this action based on Max Weber's theory of social action. This type of research is a case study located in Parakan, Temanggung with a qualitative approach. The data collection technique uses documents and interviews with guardian service users. The sources are obtained from primary sources in the form of news from Google and references to Islamic law and Max Weber's theory of social action as secondary sources. The researcher uses descriptive analysis with a deductive mindset. This study concludes that the use of guardian services in cirri marriages here violates several Islamic rules. Among them is using the services of a muh}akkam guardian without any clear reason about the lineage guardian. According to Weber, there are four kinds of social actions that become the motive and purpose of using the services of a guardian in Parakan, Temanggung. The goal-oriented social action factor dominates in this case.

Ambiguities in Weber's theory of social action have been compounded in translation into English. American commentators have generally given a psychological twist to Weber's concepts of “intended sense” and “understanding,” in terms of an “imputation of motive.” Weber, on the other hand, distinguishes between the intended sense of an action and the actor's motivation. As a sociologist, he is interested, not in the imputation of motive to the individual actor, but in understanding social action in its “context of sense” in relation to “typical” or “cross‐sectional” usages based on “consensus,” that is, in its “cultural significance”.

This article discusses the implementation of the reading of Surah al-Mulk at the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim Assembly and the views of the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim congregation on the reading of Surah al-Mulk as well as an analysis of Max Weber on the recitation of surah al-Mulk at the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim Assembly. This type of research is a field research (Field Research), the type of data used is qualitative with the study of living hadith. This study uses Max Weber's theory of social action related to four actions, namely, traditional action, affective action, value rationality action and instrumental rationality action. The subjects of this research are caregivers, administrators, ustaz and Jama'ah Majelis Ta'lim Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang. The data collection technique used observation by observing and paying attention to the implementation of the tradition of reading surah al-Mulk at the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim Assembly. While the interview data, the researchers interviewed twelve Jama'ah as respondents, while the documentation was equipped with books, photos and books related to the research. Meanwhile, data analysis uses descriptions and explanations. This study found that the Jama'ah of the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim Assembly was enthusiastic about the tradition of reciting surah al-Mulk in the Assembly. The congregation of the assembly is of the view that having the reading of Surah al-Mulk before starting the assembly is a good and good thing as a form of imitating the Prophet Muhammad. The congregation of the assembly supported this activity because of the benefits of reading it as a barrier from the torment of the grave and there were some congregations who routinely read Surah al-Mulk. It can be said that the response of the congregation of the assembly tends to know the values ​​contained in the hadith of reading surah al-Mulk. This shows that the living hadith in the congregation of the assembly was carried out and the Raudhotul Ilmi Palembang Ta'lim Assembly fulfilled Max Weber's theory of social action.

The café is an interaction space for Social Drinkers to discuss and collaborate in making decisions and building business relationships, several businesses have been born from the communication carried out by Social Drinkers in Sanes Kape. Examples are Peony which is engaged in fashion and hijab, Nawaicrrative in advertising agencies, and Komunalab in social media handling. The café offers an atmosphere that supports productive social action. This study aims to analyze the social actions of Social Drinkers in Sanes Kape in building business relationships, identify the types of social actions carried out, explain the role of Sanes Kape as a social action space that supports the formation of business relationships, and obtain findings and conclusions that are useful for the development of cafes as social action spaces that are conducive to building business relationships. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach supported by Max Weber's theory of social action. The results of the study show that the interaction in this café reflects rational-instrumental, rational-value, and affective social actions in building strong business relationships. The findings show that Sanes Kape is a strategic place for Social Drinkers who want to build profitable business relationships.

This research aims to discuss the social action of installation on mosques in Kediri City. This research is a type of qualitative research with a phenomenological approach, namely by describing in detail the social actions of wifi installation. Furthermore, this study will adopt Max Weber's theory of social action as a knife of analysis in determining the form of social action carried out by mosque administrators. The results of this study show that social actions carried out by mosque administrators are a form of rationality of values. The motives of each mosque administrator are different but with the same purpose, namely in order to meet the needs of the community and make the mosque. The study recommends academics and research to further develop the theme of this research but with a different approach, so as to contribute to socio-religious research in a sustainable manner.

This research aims to see gender representation within communication among officials in State Islamic University in Indonesia and how women occupying structural positions at State Islamic University in Indonesia are viewed. This is qualitative descriptive research carried out in UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, UIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin, and UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Data were obtained from observation and interviews. The theory used in this study follows Max Weber's bureaucratic theory regarding gender representation in organizational communication, namely the existence of authority, specialization and regulations in organizations (universities). This is in accordance with research findings that the bureaucracy of UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, UIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin and UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta in accordance with Max Weber's theory has fulfilled the characteristics of bureaucracy, namely having authority or power, specialization in the division of work (fields) without distinguishing between men and women, and there are regulations that all university personnel must obey. The most important results of this study include are: (1) there is representation of women occupying structural positions in higher education, (2) women have the right to occupy structural positions in higher education based on their ability; (3) there is no differentiation in communication between men and women who hold positions in universities; (4) communication among officials in universities prioritizes integrity, friendship, kinship, responsibility and professionalism without discriminating gender and positions (members or leaders).

The village won has tourism potential, namely Petilasan Sri Aji Jaya Baya and star fruit. The purpose of this study was to determine community participation in the development of a tourist village in Menang Village which eventually became one of the sources of economic improvement for the surrounding community. The method used in this research is qualitative because it can provide an overview of community participation in the development of a tourist village. The analysis uses Max Weber's theory of rationality. Max Weber's rationality theory can explain community participation in developing tourist villages. Collecting information by means of interviews, observation, and documentation. Based on the research results, there is community participation in the form of ideas, energy, and creativity. This is done by the community to work together to develop the star fruit tourism village in an effort to improve the community's economy.

The purpose of this study was to determine the reasons and extent of women's understanding of the risks of e-cigarettes among women in Pekanbaru City. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. Researchers analyzed data using a case study method in which researchers conducted observations, interviews and documentation. To obtain informants, researchers used the Accidental Sampling technique, which is a method of accidental sampling by taking cases or informants who happened to be there or available at the time of the study. The types and sources of data used are primary and secondary data. In this study, researchers wanted to find out the reasons why women in Pekanbaru City use e-cigarettes and whether they know the risks they will get, such as health risks, cultural risks and economic risks. Then researchers used Max Weber's theory of social action, which has 4 types of actions including instrumental actions where someone assesses the best way to achieve a goal, value actions where someone cannot assess the right or wrong method chosen, affective actions are actions taken because of emotional impulses and traditional actions which are carried out based on hereditary habits. The use of electronic cigarettes among women in Pekanbaru City was analyzed using a social action perspective. Of the 5 main informants that the researcher had interviewed, the results were that 3 informants were included in traditional actions and 2 people were included in value actions.

Education is the main foundation to be able to create a good next generation of the nation. Furthermore, education based on local wisdom is also one of the efforts made so that students do not forget the cultural values ​​that exist around their place of residence. This study aims to see how the strategies applied by teachers in implementing local wisdom values ​​in the learning process at SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta also factors that encourage and hinder its implementation. This study was written using a qualitative research method with a case study approach. Samples were taken using a purposive sampling technique, namely teachers of sociology, history, Javanese language, PPKn, guidance and counseling, vice principal of the school for curriculum, and vice principal of student affairs. The results of this study found that various strategies have been applied by teachers at SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta to instill local wisdom values ​​in the learning process. These strategies aim to instill the values ​​of discipline, cooperation, ethics, and so on. There are several encouraging factors such as the P5 program, while inhibiting factors include the high use of cellphones among students. This study was analyzed using Max Weber's theory of social action, where students' social actions are influenced by their social environment and goals.

This research explores the various forms of social action exhibited by the protagonist, Ezio Auditore, in Oliver Bowden's novel Assassin's Creed: Renaissance. Drawing from Max Weber's theory of social action, the research categorizes these actions into four types: instrumental rationality action, value-oriented action, affective action, and traditional action. The data for the study consists of sentences, paragraphs, and dialogues describing Ezio Auditore's social actions in the novel, analyzed using a descriptive method with a sociology of literature approach. The data analysis reveals the frequency of each action type, with affective action being the most prevalent by ten data, followed by value rational action with eight data, rational instrumental action with five data, and traditional action with two data. Additionally, the study identifies four main goals pursued by the character: seeking revenge, uncovering conspiracies, eradicating the Templar order, and protecting Florence. The predominant use of rational instrumental action and the lower occurrence of value rational action in pursuing these goals are highlighted. These findings offer insights into Ezio Auditore's motivations and behaviors, shedding light on the social dynamics depicted in the novel.

The Muqaddaman Tradition in Banjaragung Village, Bangsri District, Jepara Regency: A Study of the Living Qur'an Muqaddaman is an activity of reading the Qur'an which is carried out collectively, in which each individual receives a division of juz from 1 to 30 which is divided randomly according to their respective rations. Muqaddaman is a tradition that has been widely practiced by the Muslim community. This study aims to reveal the aspects of the living Qur’an in the muqaddaman tradition in Banjaragung village through a descriptive-inductive method with Max Weber's theory of social action as the analytical tool. This study seeks to answer how Max Weber's point of view on social action towards the muqaddaman tradition is in Banjaragung village. The results of this study are: First, this tradition is a part of the study of the living Qur’an. Second, based on the type of traditional action, traditional actors want to carry out Islamic religious symbols as traditions that have been carried out by scholars from generation to generation. Third, affective action shows that the perpetrators of the action have an emotional bond with religious leaders and the time of execution (Thursday). Fourth, in term of rational instrumental action, the actors can carry out the tradition rationally and consciously, both from the financial aspect and human resources. Fifth, in term of value rationality, actors want to emulate the behaviour of religious figures, to get used to giving alms, and to instil the value of member solidarity

This article is intended to answer the factors of weton calculation practice in Ngaringan and sociological analysis of these practices. This article uses field research by observing, interviewing and documenting as well as using Max Weber's theory of social action. This article concludes that the concept of comparability already exists in the rules of Islamic law, positive law and customary law. Therefore, the existence of the traditional Weton calculation practiced by the Ngaringan Grobogan community in Central Java has several factors: first, adat and belief. The community preserves the calculation of weton as a custom originating from ancestors. Second, the form of preventive business. Third, a form of respect for both parents. The traditional Weton calculation practiced by the Ngaringan community is a social action in the traditional action category. The Ngaringan people still maintain the custom of Weton calculation even though the custom is not regulated in a written rule.

Max Weber's theory of personal charisma Abstract The goal of research is to identify Max Weber's power, Max Weber's types of power, Max Weber's charisma, charisma and charisma, define the psychological, social, and relational dimensions of charismatic leadership. The descriptive approach was adopted in this research. The research concluded that: Weber's comprehensive theory of charismatic leadership should be expanded to include details on how to accurately identify charismatic leaders and distinguish leaders. In addition, we need to better account for individual or historical circumstances and cultural attitudes that lead to charismatic leadership and influence them. Also, Weber was aware of the prophets when he discussed the charismatic leaders, but the prophets are not the only kind of religious leaders. Any theory of charismatic leadership must have a disparity with regard to different types of leaders and religious leaders who have cross identities, because we may disagree with the psychological, social or relational factors that arise or contribute to charisma, especially because what one person thinks is that charisma is not permissible Interpreted or tested by another person. The charismatic leadership varies among leaders of different kinds - Muslim intellectuals, politicians, government officials, leaders of organizations and scientists, linked to internal or external conflicts of values (such as religion) and immediate needs (such as safety). Keywords: Theory, Max Weber, Personal Charisma.