Balanced Ration Research Articles

Молочна продуктивність кіз зааненської породи за згодовування органічної кормової добавки гумінової природи

The results of the study of Saanen goats milk productivity while feeding humic origin organic feed supplement of «VitaHum» are presented in the paper. Studying milk productivity of different goat breeds, as well as using balanced rations of biologically active feed supplements for therapeutic and prophylactic properties and improving metabolic processes and body functions, are important issues for animal breeding industry, since goat husbandry in Ukraine is in a state of formation. «VitaHum» is completely different from existing biologically active peat supplements on the market because it is received not as a result of peat hydrolysis by alkalis or acids, but by a natural way of chelation. It does not contain humic acids sodium salts with alkali residues with which no reaction had taken place, but residues of amino acids, peptides, carboxylic acids and other useful substances in pure «natural» organic form. This feed supplement meets European standards of organic products. It was found that with the industrial technology of the animal management and feeding with mixed diets when using humic origin feed supplement «VitaHum» during the entire lactation period, milk yield was increased by 15.9% or 137.3 kg, milk protein content by 0.11 abs. percent. However, the goats from the control group had the advantage in milk fat content by 0.09 abs. percent (P > 0.999). The maximum average daily milk yield of 3.55 kg was observed in the second experimental group of goats, which received feed supplements «VitaHum» in addition to the main diet. However, as a result of a significant advantage in milk yield from goats of the experimental group, a noticeably higher amount of both milk protein and milk fat mass fraction was obtained by 5.94 kg and 4.63 kg, respectively. Analysis of the qualitative milk composition of the experimental goats showed that the percentage of milk solids non-fat (MSNF) was in the range of 8.45–8.58%, and the content of somatic cells in the milk of control group animals was higher by 7.05%. The qualitative milk composition was quite satisfactory for this breed of goats, as the milk fat mass fraction was 3.94–4.03% and protein one 3.52–3.63%. The ratio of fat and protein at the level of 1.15–1.09 units indicated a good physiological state of the digestive system of the Saanen breed goats.

Application of Bayesian networks to the prediction of the AMEn: a new methodology in broiler nutrition.

Designing balanced rations for broilers depends on precise knowledge of nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) and the chemical composition of the feedstuffs. The equations that include the measurements of the chemical composition of the feedstuff can be used in the prediction of AMEn. In the literature, there are studies that obtained prediction equations through multiple regression, meta-analysis, and neural networks. However, other statistical methodologies with promising potential can be used to obtain better predictions of energy values. The objective of the present study was to propose and evaluate the use of Bayesian networks (BN) to the prediction of the AMEn values of energy and protein feedstuffs of vegetable origin used in the formulation of broiler rations. In addition, verify that the predictions of energy values using this methodology are the most accurate and, consequently, are recommended to Animal Science professionals area for the preparation of balanced feeds. BN are models that consist of graphical and probabilistic representations of conditional and joint distributions of the random variables. BN uses machine learning algorithms, being a methodology of artificial intelligence. The bnlearn package in R software was used to predict AMEn from the following covariates: crude protein, crude fiber, ethereal extract, mineral matter, as well as food category, i.e., energy (corn, corn by-products, and others) or protein (soybean, soy by-products, and others) and the type of animal (chick or cockerel). The data come from 568 feeding experiments carried out in Brazil. Additional data from metabolic experiments were obtained from the Federal University of Lavras (UFLA) – Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The model with the highest accuracy (mean squared error = 66529.8 and multiple coefficients of determination = 0.87) was fitted with the max-min hill climbing algorithm (MMHC) using 80% and 20% of the data for training and test sets, respectively. The accuracy of the models was evaluated based on their values of mean squared error, mean absolute deviation, and mean absolute percentage error. The equations proposed by a new methodology in avian nutrition can be used by the broiler industry in the determination of rations.

Adoption of Scientific Dairy Practices by Cross Bred Cow Rearer in Jodhpur District

Dairying is an important enterprise for employment for the farmers in urban and rural areas of Rajasthan. With the growing pressure of human population, dairying has to be developed in a scientific manner so that the maximum potential of miltch animals can be harness. Dairying in India has been considered to play a crucial role in Indian economy. The level of adoption of dairy innovation by farming community has been far from satisfactory though it has direct bearing on dairy farm production. The study was conducted in Jodhpur district with the objective to identify the level of adoption of major recommendedscientific dairy practices by crossbred (CB) cattle rearers. The study was conducted on those farmers only which were work as dairy entrepreneur and already have taken training from Krishi Vigyan Kendra or other training institute of state Govt. /NGO. The selected respondents were interviewed personally with the help of a well-structured and pre-tested interview schedule in order to get relevant information. In the study it was found that the practices adopted by the farmers were Artificial Insemination(87.5 %), feeding of mineral mixture (95.83 %), deworming (95.83 %), feeding of chaffed fodder (82.5 %), disbudding/dehorning (81.66 %), vaccination and colostrum feeding (100%), drying of animals for 60-90 days (75.83 %), ecto-parasite control (74.16 %), feeding of balance ration (71.66%) and selling of milk through middle man (76.66 %).The average adoption index of different aspect of scientific dairy farming practices of breeding, feeding, health care, management and marketing were 36.16, 56.01,64.44, 45.24 and 34.71 percent respectively which indicates good knowledge level of dairy farmers in Jodhpur district.

Determination of the level of bioconversion of nutrients in primates

The results of studies on feeding biologically active additives suspensions of chlorella and Bactistatin in the diets of primates are presented. Its positive effect on the bioconversion of diets was experimentally established. The coefficients of digestibility of nutrients with dry chlorella and fishmeal in the composition of complete feed were determined. The obtained experimental data are important for the preparation of scientifically grounded and optimally balanced feeding rations, taking into account the digestibility of feed. This will optimally balance feed rations for all nutrients, while reducing feed costs and, as a result, increasing the profitability of keeping primates. It was found that the introduction of chlorella powder and fishmeal into the diet improves protein absorption by 6.83 and 5.66%, crude fat - by 2.61 and 3.92, crude fiber - by 4.78 and 4.25, NFES - by 4.15 and 2.26, crude ash - by 18.93 and 12.08%. The use of calcium and phosphorus macronutrients was higher in the 3rd experimental group, which received 14% chlorella in the main diet by 1.38 and 8.07%, respectively. In the 5th experimental group, which received 18.26% of the main ration of fishmeal, calcium was absorbed more efficiently by 4.77, and phosphorus - by 1.21%. The use of diet supplements in the form of a suspension of chlorella and Bactistatin helped to stimulate the bioconversion of nutrients in the diets used in the nursery for feeding monkeys, and enabled to maintain the main blood parameters within physiological norms.

Effects of cassava meal on carcass characteristics and cholesterol of growing pig

Twenty growing pigs with an average initial weight of 20.00 + 0.5 kg were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with two replicates per treatment and two animals in each replicate. Cassava Plant Meal (CPM) prepared from sundried unpeeled cassava tubers, leaves and tender cassava stems, mixed at ratio 3:1 of unpeeled tuber meal to cassava leaf meal plus tender stem meal with the ratio of cassava leaf meal to tender stem meal as 5:1 was included in balanced rations at graded levels of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 percent in a fifty-six days feeding trials. The experimental pigs were weighed before and after slaughtering, dressing percent was evaluated and carcass length and back fat depth were measured on treatment basis. Meat samples were collected at the ribs (2nd and v3rd and also 12th and 13th) for cholesterol analysis. The 50 % CPM diet produced the heaviest slaughter weight. There was no significant (p >0.05) difference in the dressing percentage of pigs across dietary treatments although pigs on the control diet dressed well while pigs on 100 % CPM dressed the poorest. The 100 % CPM diet induced the leanest carcass. All the carcass and organ measurements were significantly (p <0.05) affected by dietary treatments. There was non-significant (p >0.05) influence of dietary treatments on total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol although the 50 % CPM diet produced the least and highest values respectively. Low density and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly (p <0.05) affected by dietary treatments. Replacement of maize by varying levels of cassava plant meal diets enhanced production of leaner carcass.

Cyber physical system-enabled on-demand logistics trading

On-demand logistics platform has been developed rapidly to respond increasingly customized demands. Many platform-based enterprises are facing difficulties in operating that resulting in inefficient resource allocation, high costs and top-down centralized decision-making process so that unsustainable on-demand delivery is an existing challenge. Such a platform service supply chain is highly influenced by fluctuating supply and demand. To solve this problem, this paper introduces an online double auction for on-demand pickup and delivery in the metropolitan cities, allowing both shippers and carriers dynamically enter and exit transactions. A multi-agent environment is created to automate the real-time auctioning through cyber-physical-system technologies. The proposed method aims at maximizing the social welfare and minimizing trade failures in the face of uncertainty of future agent types or the information of further bids and asks. The approach is extending the well-known McAfee's single-unit method, to allocate multi-unit on-demand logistics tasks using public, private, robot-enabled delivery capacities. It is observed that truthful bidding is a dominant strategy for each agent under this mechanism while realizing budget balance and individual rationality. The results show that the designed auction is more suitable to employ if supply-demand unbalance exists, compared with the fixed pricing mechanism. It suggests using more crowdsourcing resources rather than private carriers to improve transaction efficiency and transportation sustainability.

Monitoring of the feed base and provision of dairy cattle with adequate feeding

At the current stage of dairy cattle breeding, one of the most pressing problems is monitoring of the feed base, which includes the procurement of high quality feed. Solution of this problem also requires a focus on ration formulation, since unbalanced feeding can cause metabolic disorders, which ultimately affects realization of the genetic potential of dairy breeds. In this regard, to increase the production of cows, it is necessary to constantly improve and optimize their feeding rates, since feeding is the most important factor to advance dairy cattle breeding. Appropriate feeding ensures cow production amounting to 6,000–8,000 kg of milk and more, with a milk fat content of 3.7–4.2%. The paper provides data on monitoring of the state of the feed base on the studied farm to ensure adequate feeding of cows. Within the stated problem, the study also focuses on the analysis and assessment of the rations of cow feeding with regard to the physiological state of the animal, which was confirmed through the use of the targeted ration. The basis of the practice-oriented study was the decision to use the information and analytical system RATIONS to calculate balanced feed rations for adequate feeding of dairy cows. In the future, the farm needs to pay special attention to introduction of adapted feeding norms for black-motley cows to satisfy their need for nutrients.

Optimization of feeding conditions for dairy goats in order to increase their productivity

Currently, goat farming becomes a perspective sector focused on production of goat’s milk and its products. Volume of milk produced by goats is determined by three factors: genetic heredity; environmental conditions, animal welfare and care conditions; feeding quality. In order to increase the productivity of dairy goats, it is necessary to improve and optimize feeding rates as the feeding is an essential factor defining the development of milk productivity. Sound feeding practices result in goats producing more than1000 kg of milk containing up to 4.5% fat. This practice-oriented research is based on the decision to use the information and analytical systems “RATIONS” in order to calculate balanced rations for adequate nutrition of dairy goats. Particular attention was given to introduction of feeding rates adjusted to fulfill their nutrient requirements of Saanen goats in North-West District of Russia.

Influence of Panamin Animal and Panamin Detox on milk coagulation properties of dairy cows

Abstract. The aim of the study was to evaluate the differences in milk coagulation properties in three groups of dairy cows receiving the dietary supplements Panamin Animal and Panamin Detox. The present group production experiment was conducted in the experimental cattle farm of the Agricultural Institute – Stara Zagora with three groups (two experimental and one control) each comprising 11 lactating dairy cows between November 2016 and March 2017. The cows are kept freely, the milking is in a hall “Fish bone”, and the groups were fed balanced rations compliant with milk yield and live body weight of cows, supplemented with 0.50 g/day of two natural dietary additives – Panamin Animal and Panamin Detox in line with recommendations of the manufacturer. The following parameters were monitored: rennet coagulation time (min) – RCT and curd firmness (mm) – a30. The analysis of individual milk coagulation properties was done on 436 milk samples from cows. Individual milk samples were obtained during the morning milking without adding preservative. The analysis of milk coagulation ability was evaluated at the laboratory of the Agricultural Institute – Stara Zagora by means of Computerized Renneting Metter – Polo Trade, Italy. The obtained phenotypes were corrected for main factors influencing test-day milk yield. The used model considered each test day milk yield as independent observation and unbiased estimates of traits were obtained by a linear mixed-effects model. The supplementation of cows’ ration with dietary supplements Panamin Detox and Panamin Animal had a statistically significant beneficial effect on milk coagulation properties of milk (p<0.001). The statistical analysis of group differences in RCT and curd firmness showed highly significant differences between Panamin Animal and control groups for both traits (p<0.001). There was also a highly relevant difference in curd firmness of milk from cows given Panamin Detox supplement and control cows (p<0.001). Data were processed with statistical software products Systat 13 and Pest (Groeneveld), and graphs were generated in MS Excel.

Research of feed protein obtaining technology

The introduction of high-grade mineral additives in feed allows to get balanced rations for livestock and poultry. It is known that the most effective use of them when feeding in the composition of feed. However, today, in real conditions, farms receive less than 30% of the required amount of chemical feed additives with compound feed. In addition, the outlined tendency towards a decrease in the production of compound feed due to the lack of grain and protein components indicates that the feed industry is not entirely able to solve this problem. Adequate feeding of dairy cows assumes an optimal intake of all essential nutrients in the body, which contributes to good health, normal reproduction and high productivity. A significant reduction in the energy deficit during this period can be achieved by introducing energy-rich feed concentrates, grass cutting and grass flour of high quality, root crops, etc. into the diet. The higher the milk yield of cows, the more energy should be in one kilogram of dry matter of the diet. This article proposes a technology for producing a protein-vitamin feed concentrate for full-value feeding of farm animals. To solve the fodder problem in animal husbandry, it is necessary to more widely use substandard raw materials, organic waste, ensuring their utilization within the framework of waste-free technology.

109 Stretching forages with limited quality and quantity by using non-forage fiber sources (NFFS) available in the Midwestern United States

Abstract Last year, over 110 million metric tons of corn silage and 2.7 million metric tons of alfalfa were harvested (USDA, 2018). Despite these amounts and because forage is costly to transport, individual dairy producers who experience troubling seeding, growing, and/or harvest may be faced with the challenge of maintaining normal milk production by feeding less forage. Fortunately, non-forage fiber sources (NFFS) may be used to supply nutrients that would otherwise come from forages. Furthermore, many of these feeds, such are corn gluten feed, beet pulp, brewers grains, canola meal, distillers grains and solubles, and soyhulls are plentifully in the Midwestern United States. Although each NFFS is unique and the chemical composition may vary due to source, when making ration balancing decisions to include them, nutritionists may be faced with similar challenges. These challenges include that these feeds are low in effective fiber, many contain less fiber than forages, are higher in rumen undegradable protein, may vary in chemical composition, and may include toxins or antinutritional factors. Although the modern dairy cow is adaptable and can utilize use NFFS as sources of nutrients to produce milk, there are still limitations to how they can be included in diets.

196 Animal Nutrition: How are we serving our clientele through Extension?

Abstract Nutritional management is a crucial component of animal production and enterprise economic sustainability. Nutritional value of feedstuffs and nutrient requirements of livestock are often misunderstood by producers and feedstuff providers. Extension specialists support the continuing education of the livestock industry by communicating nutritional research results to county agents and clientele. A survey of Extension specialists in the ASAS Southern Section was conducted to understand the current state of nutritional education strategies in the region. The goal was to identify: 1) specialist background knowledge, 2) industries specialists serve, and 3) processes, tools, and resources used to maximize nutritional efficiency. The survey was answered by 25 specialists from 13 states. Among the 13 states, 1 state has 5 or more specialists providing nutritional assistance, while 6 indicated only 1 or 2, and the average number of specialists was 2.8 per state. Of the specialists, 13% indicated their background was feedlot nutrition, 47% forages, and 40% both. Animal industries supported included 85% for beef cattle, 3.5% for sheep and goats, and the remainder for other species such as dairy and horses. Currently, 9 states offer forage/feed analysis, and in the states that do not offer the service, specialists indicated that commercial laboratories were utilized. More specialists indicated they may require a forage analysis (70%) compared to grain/byproduct feeds (55%) before providing recommendations. When formulating feed recommendations, specialists indicated that 33% were performed by hand and 67% by computer program. All states indicated that they perform at least 1 agent and (or) stakeholder training per year on ration balancing. Additionally, when asked to characterize the nutritional knowledge of agents, specialists indicated 16% were capable of handling most nutritional issues, 23% could handle some issues, 41% had minimal familiarity with animal nutrition, and 19% were considered focused on other areas. These results indicate specialist knowledge base and tools to understand feedstuffs are present in the region. Stakeholders may benefit by understanding information required for nutritional assessment and recommended changes to meet production goals. Additionally, there is potential to work across state lines to utilize expertise in specific areas.

Influence of crushed maize and soybean cake on the growth of crossbred female calves

The present research work was conducted to develop a balanced ration for crossbred high yielding calves in farm condition. For this purpose, seventy days long feeding trial was conducted with nine crossbred female calves having nearly similar body weight and age. Nine crossbred calves were equally divided into three groups such as T1 (1 kg concentrate mixture of crushed maize, wheat bran, mustard oil cake, molasses, DCP and salt at a ratio of 25:45:22:5:1:2, respectively), T2 (1 kg concentrate mixture of crushed maize, wheat bran, soybean cake, molasses, DCP and salt at a ratio of 27:45:20:5:1:2, respectively) and T3 (Wheat bran, rice polish, mustard oil cake, DCP, Salt were supplied according to BAU routine farm feeding at a ratio of 65:18:14:1:2, respectively). All calves were supplied with ad libitum green grasses (German and Para) and fresh clean drinking water. From the research finding, it was observed that the average total dry matter intake, total body weight gain, body length gain and heart girth gain were in T1 (2.68a±0.000 kg, 2.51a±0.21 kg, 1.83a±0.12 cm, 1.29a±0.07 cm, respectively) and T2 (2.65a±0.001 kg, 2.55a±0.21 kg, 1.67a±0.12 cm, 1.25a±0.07 cm, respectively) groups significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of the T3 (2.34b±0.002 kg, 0.96b±0.21 kg, 0.81b±0.12 cm, 0.64b±0.07 cm, respectively) group. The result showed that the body weight gain of T2 group was higher by supplementation of balanced ration. Therefore, the feed supplementation of crushed maize, wheat bran, soybean cake, molasses, DCP and salt at a ratio of 27:45:20:5:1:2, respectively should be supplied to crossbred calves for the future development of dairy herd replacement stock for profitable dairy business.
 Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2020, 6(3): 499-506

Dominant strategy implementation in a large population public goods game

We consider implementation of the efficient state in a large population public goods game. Agents are divided into a finite set of types. The planner asks agents to report types, which generates a reported type distribution. Based on reported types and distribution, the planner calculates the efficient strategy level and a Pigouvian transfer for each type of agent. We show that this direct mechanism satisfies incentive compatibility in strictly dominant strategies, strong budget balance and ex-post individual rationality.

Heat stress and poultry production: impact and amelioration.

Globally, the poultry industry is gaining significant importance among the agricultural and its allied sectors. However, heat stress was found to negatively affect the poultry production particularly in the tropical regions. This review is therefore an attempt to generate information pertaining to the impacts of heat stress on poultry production and its amelioration. Heat stress reduces the growth, reproductive performance, and egg production in poultry birds. The reduction in productive potential of poultry birds on exposure to heat stress may be attributed to the deviation of energy resources from production to adaptation pathway. There are different approaches pertaining to relieving the adverse impacts of heat stress on poultry production. These approaches can be broadly categorized under genetic, management, and nutritional strategies. These approaches may reduce the negative effects of heat stress and enhance the productive performance of poultry birds. The management strategies include appropriate shelter design, providing shade, using sprinklers, implementing cooling devices, and using fans and ventilation systems. The recommended floor space for mature birds weighing 1.7 kg is 0.06 m2/bird while it is 0.13 m2/bird for the birds weighing 3.5 kg with 27.8 kg/m2 bird density in either case. The nutritional interventions comprise ration balancing and providing essential micronutrients to improve the productive and reproductive performance in poultry birds. Fat, antioxidants, yeast, and electrolyte supplementations are some of the most commonly used nutritional strategies to ensure optimum production in the poultry industry. Furthermore, providing adequate water supply and disease surveillance measures may help to ensure optimum meat and egg production in the birds. The advanced biotechnological tools may aid to identify suitable genetic markers in poultry birds which might help in developing new strains of higher thermo-tolerance by designing suitable breeding program involving marker-assisted selection. These strategies may help to optimize and sustain poultry production in the changing climate scenario.

Proximate Composition and Meat Quality of Three Indian Native Chicken Breeds

Background: The present study was conducted at Livestock farm complex, TANUVAS, Chennai (India) with the objective of comparing the proximate composition and meat characters of three desi chicken breeds viz., Kadaknath, Nicobari Black and Naked Neck chicken. Methods: For this purpose, 60 adult birds (20 each) were maintained on littered floor in separate pens under optimal management conditions. The birds were fed with ad libitum balanced broiler ration and slaughtered after 8 weeks by randomly selecting 6 birds from each breed. Result: Laboratory analysis revealed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the proximate composition of meats among the three native chicken breeds. The total ash content and calcium level was found to be higher in Nicobari Black chicken meat than other breeds and Naked Neck chicken showed the highest value of unsaturated fatty acid. There was significant difference (p less than 0.01) in the physical characters like pH, Water Holding Capacity (WHC), Shear Force Value (SFV), Extract Release Volume (ERV), Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA), Tyrosine Value (TV) texture profile analysis and hunter colour value among the three native breeds. These factors will help us to choose the right native desi breed for development of designer and value added meat products.

Monitoring of Cysticercosis of rabbits in farms of different forms of ownership

The aim of the study was to determine the spread of pathogens of parasitic diseases in the digestive organs of rabbits in farms of various forms of ownership in Odesa Region. One thousand and two hundred rabbits of different age groups in specialized farms (which they use cage keeping of animals in compliance with all zoohygienic requirements and a balanced feeding ration), as well as 582 rabbits in private farms (which the type of feeding was mixed) were examined. Prevalence of parasitic infections of rabbits in specialized farms is 52.3%, in household farms — 85.1%. In specialized farms, prevalence of cysticercosis is 2.6% (with intensity of 3–7 cysticerci), eimeriosis — 14.0%, trichostrongylosis — 13.6%, and passalurosis — 20.6%, two-component (eimeriosis + cysticercosis) infection —1.0%, three-component (eimeriosis + cysticercosis + passalurosis) infection — 0.5%, total infestation (both mono- and mixed infections) with cysticerci — 4.1%. In homestead farms, prevalence of cysticercosis is 27.7% (with intensity of 21–64 cysticerci), eimeriosis — 15.6%, trichostrongylosis — 3.6%, and passalurosis — 6.7%, two-component (eimeriosis + cysticercosis) infection —24.2%, three-component (eimeriosis + cysticercosis + passalurosis) infection — 7.2%, total infestation (both mono- and mixed infections) with cysticerci — 59.1%. Cysticercosis is a common infection of rabbits in Odesa Region, which occurs often as part of mixed infections with pathogens eimeriosis and pasalurosis. The total infestation of rabbits with cysticerci in homestead farms was 55.0% higher than in specialized ones. One-component infestations in specialized farms is 97.1% of sick rabbits, and in homestead farms — 63.0%; two-component (eimeriosis + cysticercosis) infection — 1.9% and 28.5%, respectively; and three-component (eimeriosis + cysticercosis + passalurosis) infection — 1.0% and 8.5%, respectively

Migratory Sheep Farming Practices in Cauvery Delta Zone in Tamil Nadu

Migratory sheep, due to its movement, poses threat of spreading diseases among small ruminants. Considering this, the study was carried out to identify the focus area of extension intervention among the migratory sheep farmers to disseminate scientifically recommended practices which minimize disease risk and enhance flock health. The study was conducted following ex post fact research design at Venganur village, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu. Using a semi-structured interview schedule, data were personally collected from 30 migratory sheep farmers who were selected purposively. The findings were subjected to focussed group interview involving seven farmers. The results envisaged a wider difference among the farmers from 100 per cent non-adoption of balanced ration to 100.00 per cent adoption of deworming. Therefore, extension interventions need to be intensified to educate the farmers on technologies which help in disease prevention and control.

Auction-based cloud service allocation and sharing for logistics product service system

Sustainability is increasingly viewed as a desired goal of social development. The logistics industry without exception is aware of the importance of sustainable development. To achieve this goal, the logistics industry is leveraging cutting-edge technologies, such as product service systems (PSS) and cloud manufacturing (CMfg), to design logistics product service systems (LPSS). In LPSS, public logistics resources are allocated to customers and private logistics resources are shared between customers. However, logistics resource allocation and sharing services have been impeded by a lack of efficient methods. In this context, this paper proposes an auction-based cloud service allocation and sharing method for LPSS. Firstly, LPSS is defined and elaborated based on the adoption of PSS in the logistics industry. Secondly, multi-unit Vickery (MV) auctions and one-sided Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (O-VCG) combinatorial auctions are proposed to address logistics resource allocation and sharing problems respectively in LPSS. Two auctions are introduced specifically, and their relevant properties are investigated, including incentive compatibility, allocative efficiency, budget balance, and individual rationality. Thirdly, computational studies are conducted to examine the performance of two auctions. The results reveal that MV auctions can efficiently allocate public logistics resources through ensuring the utility of logistics service providers under dynamic supply and demand. Additionally, O-VCG auctions can effectively integrate and share idle private logistics resources, which promotes sustainability in the logistics industry. Through integrating MV auctions with O-VCG auctions, the utility of logistics service providers can be increased.

Efficiency of alfalfa granulated feed additive in balanced ration of Ukrainian Riding Horse

We established positive influence of granulated alfalfa feed on the growth, development intensity, and sport qualities of the race horses. We registered the increase in live weight of young horses, which consumed the full granulated alfalfa feed by 8.0-9.8%. These animals had a more pronounced constitutional breed type. Thus, at the age of 18 months, they outclassed their peers in main linear dimensions: they had higher values of thoracic development (by 4.6%), higher thoracic diameter (by 4.5%), higher body length (by 5.7%). At the age of 24 months, these advantages were 6.4, 8.2, and 6.0% respectively. We found that the colts and fillies in the experimental group at the age of 12 months outperformed the same year horses from the control group by 1.1% by the index of format. Further, at the age of 18 and 24 months, the animals of the experimental group outperformed their counterparts from the control group by 0.2 and 0.4%, respectively. In terms of breast circumference index, the advantage of the exerimentary group animals at the age of 12 months was 0.1%, at the age of 18 months - 1.7%, at the age of 24 months - 1.8%, respectively. Similar results were recorded for the compactness index, where the advantage at the age of 12 months was 1.2%, at 18 months - 1.9%, at 24 months - 2.3% respectively. The effective use of environmentally friendly feed is confirmed by the results of hematological blood tests. It was found that for the vast majority of indicators they correspond to the physiological norm. This blood composition naturally characterizes changes in horses during the whole period of research. The received hematological profile is the basic characteristic of the state of health of horses in the research enterprise.