Rape Of Women Research Articles

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI KORBAN KEKERASAN BERBASIS GENDER

Abstract Sexual violence is one of the most serious and far-reaching forms of gender-based sexual violence. Sexual violence can occur in various contexts, including during disasters. Disasters can create vulnerable conditions for women and girls to become victims of sexual violence. PPPA Ministerial Regulation No. 13 of 2020 provides comprehensive protection for victims of sexual violence in disasters. This protection includes prevention, treatment and recovery. This research aims to find out what forms of gender-based violence exist and how legal protection works in efforts to restore the condition of children who have experienced trauma due to sexual abuse. The method used in the research is Normative Juridical, namely by examining statutory regulations and researchers also use a conceptual approach so that in this writing it refers to the views of scholars and legal doctrines. The results of the research in preparing this thesis, the first form of gender-based violence, namely rape/attempted rape, sexual abuse, sexual exploitation, sexual violence, physical violence, psychological violence, economic neglect, sexual slavery, forced abortion, forced marriage, and trafficking of women for other purposes. sexual. Second, according to article 1 number 2, Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection, it is stated that: Child protection is all activities to guarantee and protect children and their rights so that they can live, grow, develop and participate, optimally in accordance with their dignity. and human dignity and receive protection from violence and discrimination. Such as protection in the fields of religion, health, education, social and special protection. Keywords : legal protection, victim, gender based violence

Trends and Patterns of Crime against Scheduled Tribes in States of Northern and Western Regions of India

The paper discussed trends and patterns of crime against scheduled tribes in states of northern and western regions of India. It has found that highest crime against scheduled tribe(s) occurred in Rajasthan followed by Maharashtra and Gujrat. There are no incidences of crime against scheduled tribe(s) in Haryana. Incidences and victims of simple hurt, grievous hurt murder, assault on tribal women and attempt to commit murder are highest in Rajasthan followed by Maharashtra and Gujrat. Incidences and number of victims of sexual harassment is highest in Maharashtra followed by Rajasthan and Gujrat. Rajasthan has the highest incidences and victims of stalking followed by Maharashtra and Gujrat. Incidences of assault of children of scheduled tribes is highest in Maharashtra followed by Rajasthan and Gujrat. There are no incidences of kidnapping for ransom in any states of the regions. Incidences of kidnapping and abduction of women to compel her for marriage is highest in Rajasthan followed by Gujrat and Maharashtra. There are no incidences of procuration of minor girls of scheduled tribes in any state of the regions. Incidences of rape of women is higher in Rajasthan and Maharashtra. Rajasthan has the highest incidences of robbery followed by Maharashtra and Gujrat. Therefore, government of the concern states should implement proper policies for minimizing such crimes against scheduled tribes.

Bringing the London Monster Online: Sarah Sophia Banks's Ephemera Collection

Abstract: This essay discusses an online exhibit we are developing on Sarah Sophia Banks's collection of ephemera relating to the London Monster, who attacked women in London between 1788 and 1790. Our exhibit contextualizes Banks's collections of print illustrations and clippings describing the Monster's attacks on white women amid the exploitation and rape of women of color across the British Empire. Bringing together scans from Banks's collections on the Monster alongside other illustrations on the topic from the Huntington Library, our exhibit offers opportunities for uncovering relationships across these collections, while examining colonialism and the nature of print culture in the Romantic era.

A Study on Crime against Scheduled Castes in Metropolitan Cities in India

The paper discussed crime against scheduled castes in metropolitan cities in India. It has found that higher incidences of crime against scheduled tribes identified in Lucknow, Kanpur, Jaipur and Bengaluru. On the other hand, least number of crimes are recorded in Coimbatore, Kochi, Chennai, Kozhikode and Surat. Incidences of murder, attempt to commit murder, assault on women with intent to outrage her modesty, assault on women above 18 years, and assault or use of criminal force on women with intent to disrobe crime are highest recorded in Bengaluru. Highest incidences of stalking crime are reported in Indore. Highest incidences and victims of sexual harassment, and insult to the modesty of women is reported in Hyderabad. Highest incidences and victims of simple hurt and grievous hurt are logged in Patna. Highest incidences of assault of children, rape, rape of women above 18 years, and attempt to commit rape are reported in Ahmedabad, Indore and Jaipur Kanpur has the highest incidences and victims of kidnapping and abduction against scheduled castes. Therefore, city corporations should implement policies and laws for minimizing crimes against scheduled castes and there should be proper awareness programs of such crimes.

The Bosnian Genocide: A Case for Multiculturalism

The objective of this research is to investigate the causes, impacts, and aftermath of the Bosnian Genocide to propose preventative strategies against future genocides. A literature review of primary sources and current scholarly papers is presented to analyze the significant influence of economic and historical events preceding the genocide, the determinant causes of which were the advocation of the “Greater Serbia” ideology and the changing socioeconomic dynamics between Bosnia and Serbia. The clear intent of the Bosnian War was to systematically enforce a nationalist Serbian agenda whose primary goals were the complete eradication of the Bosniak community through the destruction of their cultural landmarks and the deliberate killings of Bosniak men and mass rape of women. The Bosnian Genocide resulted in the Dayton Agreement that ended the war and the formation of the International Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. The results of this study culminate in recommendations to avert future instances of genocide, such as limiting the political power of the head of state to ensure accountability through checks and balances, establishing security measures to protect the Bosniak community from violent crimes, diversifying the national economy by creating job opportunities in non-military sectors, implementing an educational campaign at the primary level to encourage respect for minority groups, enacting anti-discrimination laws, and engaging Bosniak community leaders in decision making. These recommendations are made not only to support preventative measures but also to promote an acceptance of multiculturalism that is crucial to avert future genocides in an increasingly globalized society.

Insufficient responses to rape in Ouagadougou: Reflections on the experiences of young female survivors

The rape of girls and women raises questions about both prevention and the response in Burkina Faso. This article looks at the inadequacy of the response to rape in Ouagadougou. It is based on an analysis of cases of rape experienced by young women in the city and documented between 2005 and 2009. The study highlights the gap between the attitude of the victims, whether or not they are inclined to report the act and seek support, and the existing response in this area, whether in their entourage, at the community level, or at the institutional level. The study concludes that there is a need for more in-depth research into the representations and experiences of rape survivors in Ouagadougou and, more broadly, in Burkina Faso. Such research will enable us to identify gaps and appropriate strategies so that survivors are offered a holistic response that is more conducive to respect for their sexual and reproductive rights. Appropriate responses should involve improving the response system, so as to minimize obstacles and make institutional support more accessible to survivors.

Incapacitated and/or Forcible Rape Experience Predicting College Women's Rape Victim Empathy.

Rape experience is common and victim empathy may help address it (e.g., prevention, victim support). We examined rape victim empathy based on type of rape experience (none, incapacitated, forcible, combined). Undergraduate women (n = 658) completed the Rape Victim Empathy-During Subscale and Sexual Experiences Survey-Short Form Victimization. Rape experience was associated with greater empathy, especially for those with any forcible experience. Perhaps due to weaker memory of their own rape event, incapacitated victims may be relatively less able than forcible victims to understand another victim's perspective during a rape. Researchers should consider examining incapacitated and forcible rape as distinct experiences.

Depicting areas of indigenous Australian women’s subjugation under imperialism: An indigenous feminist study of Jack Davis's No Sugar and Eva Johnson's Murras

This study aims to examine the portrayal of the oppression of Indigenous women in post-colonial drama focusing on themes of sexual violence, enforced sterilization and the Stolen Generation as depicted in Davis's No Sugar and Johnson's Murras. A qualitative analysis of these plays reveals the intertwining of sexual exploitation with colonial and imperial conquest. Rape and sexual abuse of Indigenous women are seen as metaphors for land exploitation and political subjugation. The findings of the study indicate a systemic violation of Indigenous women's rights. Indigenous women are sexually assaulted in both Murras and No Sugar which demonstrates imperialist control over their bodies. Another theme that develops is forced sterilization as shown in Murras in which indigenous young women are made sterile without their consent, symbolising a greater assault on aboriginal culture. The trauma of the Stolen Generation is outlined in both plays depicting the forced removal of Indigenous children from their families, severing cultural and familial bonds and originating a generational identity crisis. The preservation of Indigenous identity through women’s stories and traditional practices emerges as a significant aspect of resistance against colonial oppression. The selected plays underscore the role of Indigenous women in sustaining and transmitting cultural narratives and practices which is essential for preserving Indigenous identity and spirit. The findings of the research need a more in-depth understanding of the historical and ongoing oppression of indigenous women as well as a need for reparative justice.

I did not scream. i could not; i was terrified. i just followed them...i blocked my mind. then they all raped me: A narrative inquiry on the onset of tonic immobility among women rape victims in Nigeria.

Tonic immobility (TI) is a common uncontrollable autonomic mammalian response to an extremely fearful situation. It is one of the most immediate devastating consequences of rape and remains poorly understood. While controversies over its definition persist among researchers, this also reflects on the care for and support to victims. The study aimed to explore and describe the onset of TI and the meaning attached to the experience among women raped victims in Nigeria. The study design was the qualitative narrative inquiry approach. Criterion and purposive sampling were conducted across four post-rape care facilities in Lagos, Nigeria, to recruit 13 participants. In-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide to generate data that were thematically analysed. The findings of the study revealed five themes relating to the onset of TI as follows: the first two focused on the experience of TI: (1) the onset of TI prior to rape due to perceived imminent danger, (2) the onset of TI as a self-protection mechanism from further harm) while the last three relate to the meaning-making of the experience of TI (3) self-loathing as a meaning attached to TI, (4) suicidal ideations as a meaning attached to TI, and (5) divine intervention as a meaning attached to TI. Conclusion: The findings underscore the experiences and meanings that participants attach to TI following rape. There is a strong likelihood that tonic-immobility is not an uncommon experience amongst rape victims, but that in the absence of research, specialized care on the condition, and its associated consequences will haunt many women, affecting their psychological well-being and their entire quality of life. Describing the phenomenon as it is experienced by the participants is critical because understanding the condition is the first step toward effective appropriate management.

Strategies, Symbols, and Subjectivities: The Continuities between War Rape and Lesbo-Phobic Rape

AbstractResearch into war rape has shown that rape is not incidental to the general violence of war but is instead an integral part of war strategies. Such research makes it clear that in the context of war, rape serves to injure women on an individual level, but has the more strategic effect of fracturing communal bonds. Similarly, the growing body of research investigating the reasons for, and consequences of, the rape of lesbian women, indicates that these rapes have far-reaching consequences for lesbian communities and serves to reinforce patriarchal heteronormativity. While there is much research around both war and lesbo-phobic rape, the aim of this paper is to bring this research together in order examine lesbo-phobic rape through the lens of war rape theory. This paper aims to show how both “forms” of rape appear to hinge on the meanings assigned to women during peacetime and how both lead to the destruction of individual victims and their communities, while bolstering the subjectivities of the perpetrators and increasing the bonds of those complicit in such violence. The use of the theoretical understandings of war rape thus enriches the understandings of lesbo-phobic rape and shows that there are many continuities between the two.

Domestic Violence Against Women- Its Causes, Effects and Remedies

Violence against women, of late, has become a global problem. Women of all races, ethnic groups, classes and nationalities are affected by it. It has recently emerged as a life-threatening problem for individual women and as a grievous problem for societies. Violence impacts the lives of millions of women globally in all socio-economic and educational classes. It cuts across cultural and religious barriers and hinders women’s right to fully engage in society. Violence against women takes a discouraging variety of forms, from domestic offense to rape, to childhood marriages and to practices like female circumcision. All these deny the most fundamental human rights. Crime against women is not a recent phenomenon in Assam. In Assamese society, as per available written records of social organization and family, women have been subjected to ill-treatment, humiliation, torture, and exploitation. These records exhibit repetition of incidents of rape, abduction, torture and murder of women. Yet, sadly enough, literature on social problems or on criminal violence have not given much importance on female victims of violence. There are not much attempts made to explain why both the public and the academicians alike have ignored for so long the hard fact that women have continuously been ruthlessly exploited in our society. The aim of this article is to find out the types,causes,effects and remedies of domestic violence against women and its remedies.

Moderland utan kvinnor: kast, klass och patriarkat i Manish Jhas Matrubhoomi

This article offers a critical analysis of Manish Jha’s debut feature film Matrubhoomi: A Nation Without Women (2003). The movie offers a dystopic vision of a near future when the systematic killing of new born females would leave villages and its surroundings with no women in it at all. Referring to this phenomenon as ‘bachelor villages’, scholars have identified this as an emerging social problem with wide far-reaching implications for gender relations and social life in general. Existing scholarship has highlighted how the shortage of women leads to increasing levels of violence embodied in practices such as polyandry, child marriage, rape, trafficking and kidnapping of women from neighbouring regions. Furthermore, the film articulates a central paradox: the symbolic deification of the ‘mother of the nation’ in national imaginary and her systematic elimination through sex-selective reproductive technologies. In our close reading, we draw on feminist political economy to understand the power dynamics shaped through the intersections of gender, class and caste and how this transforms the social fabric in a village which has systematically eliminated women and girl-children. We combine a thematic analysis with a reading of Matrubhoomi’s cinematic features. Furthermore, the violence in the film is analyzed through what we call ”economies of violence” which is related to the paradoxical development trajectory in India. While the Indian government has initiated several schemes for the empowerment of women, these progressive processes are often accompanied by escalating violence against women, which cannot be abstracted from cultural configurations of gendered practices of son preference and sex selective abortions. We highlight the pivotal theme of remasculinization as constructed in relation to patriarchy, caste, class and sexuality and how it functions as a vector for economies of violence. We suggest that the film illustrates how a seemingly feminist agenda can be formulated from the position of a patriarchal, heteronormative, homophobic and transphobic logic.

Attitude towards Sexuality: Perceptions of Male University Students in Gujarat

At a time when there is an unprecedented surge in reported cases of all forms of sexual violence, including rape of women by men even within intimate relations across the world, it is essential to investigate men’s attitude towards sexuality with its intricacies from a gendered perspective, especially when the legal, social and cultural structures continue to fail in challenging the prevailing gendered discourses around sexuality. This study attempts to explore the attitude of male university students towards sexuality and encapsulate the same with gender-specific patriarchal theories. With a descriptive research design, this study interviewed 396 male university students from a chosen university in Gujarat, India, selected by stratified — systematic sampling method from different streams of study. Quantitative analysis underlined and clearly portrayed the unfavourable attitudes towards sexuality held by a large proportion of university students. This study also attempts to illustrate how gendered power inequality highly influences their sexual entitlement and sexual constriction attitudes.

Black Women Reporting and Seeking Help for Sexual Assault: A Call for Action

Black women in America have historically been victims of oppression, racism, and sexual assault. This victimization can be traced as far back as the forced immigration to America in Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. Forced travel bondage on slave ships highlights the institutionalized pattern, not only of their suffering from repeated rape, but also logs their victimized sufferings in silence that they had to endure then and continue to endure in 21st century contemporary America. Black women have been socialized intergenerationally to respond in a specific manner similar to the female slaves who endured rape from ship crew members during their long voyage to the Americas. Even after slavery was legally abolished in 1865, Black women continued to endure victimizations not only due to their gender, but also due to discrimination, classism, perceptions regarding their sexuality, racism, and fear. These intersectional factors cause Black women to have become unique experiences at the hands of rapists. Thus, Black women have unique experiences as victims of rape than other individuals who are also rape victims. Any discussion of Black women and rape must be placed in a sociohistorical framework. The purpose of this article is to revisit historical underpinnings about the rape of Black women in a socialized manner that continues to hinder a silent, nonactive role, and in some instances denial of being a victim of rape. The aim is to sensitize, stimulate, and motivate action by increasing social work classroom discussions about the topic, increasing research in the area of rape of Black women utilizing an intersectional approach reviewing factors that are unique to Black women, and providing more information as a resource to enhance community awareness. Effective intervention strategies are also delineated.

Gender Differences, Trauma, and Resilience of Children Born of Rape, and Perception of Their Behavior by Parents and the Community in the East of the Democratic Republic of Congo

This study was conducted in the eastern DR Congo to analyze the trauma of children born of rape (CBOR), and their behavior as it is perceived by their parents and community. Twenty-four families of women rape survivors and twenty-seven control families were used. The Trauma Symptoms Checklist for Children, Child Behavior Checklist, and Child and Youth Resilience Measure tests were applied. In addition, a discussion group was conducted with community members. Comparatively to girls, boys born from rape are traumatized and have psychopathological concerns such as anxiety, depression, and summation, and high internalized and externalized behaviors compared to boys from control families. Furthermore, CBOR are aggressive and gather in gangs. Despite the suffering, both CBOR and their siblings increase their resilience over the years and derive it from their environment, especially in the absence of the father who has become a polygamist. Girls born of rape are more resilient than their siblings.

Harmful Cultural Practices that Violate Women’s Rights in African Polities and Why They have Persisted

Abstract Purpose – This study aims to examine why harmful cultural practices or human rights violations seem to have persisted in African polities despite the existence of relevant national, regional, and international standard practices on human rights. Design/Method of Enquiry – The study adopted qualitative and quantitative research approaches. Qualitative methods were conducted through interviews involving 3 focus groups, 7 university professors, and 1 senior government official from the Ministry of Gender Equality. Other data sources were drawn from secondary information gathered from academic journals, books, and online publications. Quantitative data was used mainly for graphical illustrations as well as to justify the use of statistical information. The 3 countries under study (Namibia, Ethiopia, and Zambia) were selected because of their distinct historical trajectories. For instance, Ethiopia was never colonised by Western powers. Namibia was colonised by Germany and later, by the South African apartheid regime, while Zambia was colonised by Britain. In terms of population size, Ethiopia has around 123 million people; Namibia only has about 2.6 million people while Zambia has around 20 million people. These differences, i.e., the unique political histories and quirky demographic spread helped to gauge whether these dissimilarities provide any statistical significance on the overall study findings. Findings – The study finds that there is a complex relationship between laws governing human rights and traditional norms. However, this tension – far from being destructive – can in fact be beneficial to both universalists and culturalists by potentially generating new ideas that fortify global and local efforts to bring human rights to brighter existence. Crucially, the study notes that by snubbing the opposing views from traditionalists, the universalists -unwittingly- forecloses a vital imperative of knowledge exchange that could illuminate and bring about real transformation on the human rights discourse. The study reveals that sensitisation and constructive engagement with traditional actors is key to the attainment of universal human rights. Furthermore, the study discovers that there is no statistical significance on the net comparable results among the 3 countries studied. The study concludes that change or reform is best attained when such change is driven from within a given constellation. Originality/Value – The juxtaposes examined in this study helps the reader to see human rights in contextual terms. It is ironic, for instance, that vices such as gun culture, gangsterism, raping of women, abductions, aggravated robberies, and drug abuse seem to be a common feature in Western inclined (African) urban areas where universal human rights are preached and embraced, yet such heinous activities are virtually alien in traditional settings where the supposed ‘harmful cultural norms’ are practiced. Thanks to urban criminal activities – they have reinforced and legitimised the dyed-in-the-wool trademark defiance stance of traditionalists. So, by exposing this gap in human rights comprehension, this study helps the reader to grasp human rights with greater definition and drives Plato’s point home on the dynamism of knowledge: that knowledge is an intersection of truth and belief, where knowledge cannot be claimed if something is true but not believed or believed but not true.

NATIONALITY AND CITIZENSHIP : FROM THE HUNGARIAN MINORITY SYSTEM TO THE ADOPTION OF RWANDOPHONES IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO / NATIONALITE ET CITOYENNETE : DU SYSTEME MINORITAIRE HONGROIS A L’ADOPTION DES RWANDOPHONES EN REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU

At the dawn of the third decade of inter-communal, inter-ethnic and inter-tribal wars opposing different armed groups to the exhaustion of the public form, the Democratic Republic of Congo has cried out on the roof of the world to denounce the pullers of the strings, without finding the slightest echo of its cries of distress. On the other hand, under the ashes of thousands of deaths and the rape of women and children, the appetites of politicians ready to do anything to satisfy their fantasies flourish. Perhaps it is time to come to our senses and understand that there is no lack of solutions. It is the choices and priorities that come first. We are convinced that peace as an option in the Great Lakes region can be reconciled with the interests of the various decision-makers. The study of the Hungarian minority system serves as a model for designing the conditions or possibilities for a lasting peace in the Congo. If Hungarian solutions have enabled Hungary to solve its internal problems, they could in one way or another be the basis for peace in the DRC. We rely on Hungary's recognition of the national and ethnic minorities existing within its nation and state, on the one hand, and on the other, on the responsibility clauses that commit the Hungarian government to the protection of its various nations outside the borders of the motherland. We must be aware of the national minorities living in the DRC and the need for agreements between their home state and the DRC on the limit of responsibility of the latter. Hoping to obtain results similar to our intentions, we dare to believe that it is possible to reproduce the Hungarian solutions in the Congo.

LIABILITY FOR THE CRIMINAL ACT OF RAPE ON A MINOR BY DECEPTION BASED ON JUDGMENT NO. 11/PID. SUS ANAK/2022/PN TJK

ABSTRACTSexual violence that occurs at this time, especially the rape of women and children is increasingly prevalent, making the community very restless. In fact, this also happens to underage teenagers who are still in school, which should focus on education. The purpose of this paper is to determine the responsibility of the perpetrators of committing the crime of Rape on Minors by Deception. This writing uses a normative juridical approach research method and qualitative descriptive research. Criminal liability is based on several elements, namely the presence of each person. This element is intended to further examine who is sitting as a child, whether it is really the culprit or not, this is to avoid an error in persona in punishing someone. In this case, a child has been brought before the trial, namely, the child is in good physical and mental health and is able to answer all questions that are asked to him clearly and responsively, then there is an element of deliberately tricking, a series of lies, or persuading the child to have intercourse with him. or with other people.

ПРОБЛЕМНІ ПИТАННЯ ЩОДО ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ ПСИХОСОМАТИЧНИХ ЗМІН У ЖЕРТВ КРИМІНАЛЬНИХ ПРАВОПОРУШЕНЬ СЕКСУАЛЬНОГО ХАРАКТЕРУ, ВЧИНЕНИХ ДЕРЖАВОЮ-АГРЕСОРОМ

The article examines separate sexual problems of psychosomatic disorders of persons who have become victims of sexual criminal offenses; issues related to behavioral analysis, the state of health, physical and moral balance, the internal complex of unrealized anger, social dissatisfaction, models of unresolved conflict in Ukrainian society. Proposals for reforming outdated legal norms and social practices, expanding the range of understanding of social space, victims of sexual criminal offenses of a sexual nature and refugees, of which there are many, are significant for the constitutional values of our citizens. As a result of post-traumatic stress disorder, the lives of victims of sexual violence by the Russian military have drastically changed in their families and in society. The consequences form the victims individually specific and distorted experience, peculiarities of sexual relations, degree and state of deprivation. In cases where the victim was intimidated, forced to engage in sexual relations in childhood and adolescence, raped several times, the symptoms are complicated by the formation of persistent post-traumatic stress disorder. Legal guarantees are the decisive legal means of ensuring, implementing, protecting human and citizen rights in Ukraine. Realization and guarantee of the rights, especially with various types of deprivations, of the citizens of our country, is one of the most important factors of the proper development of Ukraine, the formation of civil society, a convincing evidence of democracy for joining the EU. The anti-social, criminal behavior of Russians, during the military aggression against Ukraine, uncontrolled aggressiveness, murders, mutilations, torture of civilians, rape of women, girls and children require legal assessment, particularly at the international level. Key words: criminal offenses of a sexual nature, mental disorders, psychosomatics, criminology, verification, mental deprivation.

The Problem of Proving the Paternity of Children Born of ISIS Members and Yazidis

ISIS has committed many crimes that are considered crimes against humanity, the most famous of which is the crime of rape, forced marriage and enslavement of Yazidi women in Iraq, which ISIS calls (slaves). This resulted in the birth of children born to ISIS fathers and surviving Yazidi mothers who suffer a lot of suffering and problems about their rights and fate. The opinions of jurists and legal scholars differed about the proportions of these children, and it is more likely that the children born as a result of rape or enslavement of women are attributed to their mothers because they were born illegally, so their mothers become like the father to them in terms of rights and obligations, registration in official departments, issuance of civil status identity and national card, and obtaining citizenship Iraqi, and others, and based on the Iraqi Nationality Law, Paragraph (A) of Article (3), Iraqi nationality can be obtained for the children of Yazidi survivors from their mothers.