Rapid Redesign Research Articles

A Modified Reentrant Metamaterial with Equal and Enhanced Orthogonal Elastic Properties

Herein, an improved mechanical metamaterial is proposed, which is derived from the decomposition, rotation, and reassembly of reentrant structures. The structure is parametric, allowing for rapid redesign. The study focuses on the variations in equivalent stiffness and Poisson's ratio of the structure within the linear elastic range when internal rib angle θ changes. First, based on homogenization simulation analyses, it has been verified that this design achieves the tailorable equivalent elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio over a wide range, meanwhile, maintaining equal elastic properties in the orthogonal direction at all times. Second, to reduce future repetitive experiments, an interpolation model is established to expand the design domain. The fitting formula indicates that by modifying θ and relative wall thickness t/L0, the elastic performance of the structures can be tailored. Additionally, the impact of boundary conditions is discussed to minimize experimental costs. Finally, the accuracy of the simulations is validated through uniaxial compression tests.

Building a Leader Framework for Post-Pandemic Response Expertise for Higher Education Future Reality

A successful future for higher education is dependent on the level of preparedness to manage future crises that are no longer linear processes in the best way possible. The severe disruption of academic progress post-COVID-19 across the globe brought a growing sense of chaos in the education system. This forced education institutions to adopt a rapid re-design of institutional strategic systems that called for different kinds of responses in different contexts because previous successful leadership approaches often fail in crisis situations. However, the challenges brought about by the chaos have positively presented humanity with many opportunities to re-think and re-engineer a new way of doing business. Therefore, this paper designs and develops a post-pandemic conceptual model that is an approach to crisis management, quick decision-making, and quick problem-solving to enable general adaptation to future pandemics. Through a developmental research design and a comprehensive literature review, an adaptive emergence response cycle (AERC) was developed and built around the theory of chaos, the reflective practitioner theory, using the adaptive approach. One potential benefit of the post-pandemic response model was the creation of an emergency response equation that was best suited for the post-pandemic crises. This model allows higher education management to be protected by planning generalizable futuristic crisis models.

Optimizing the sustainable energy transition: A case study on Trinidad and Tobago

Trinidad and Tobago is a small island developing state (SIDS) with one of the largest emitters of CO2 per capita globally - linked to a reliance on oil and gas. With the country’s commitment to sustainable development goals and climate change agreements, rapid redesign of the national power sector is critical to promoting a sustainable energy transition. Our study examines the minimisation of electricity costs (LCOE) and greenhouse gas emissions (GHGLC), using a mixed-integer linear programming model (MILP) across 5 scenarios describing the national power generation system. Our results show an LCOE of $USD 61.72 per MWh and GHGLC of 756 kgCO2eq per MWh, attributed to current take-or-pay Power Purchasing Agreements (PPA) aligned to Scenario 1 A. Coupled improvements in power generation technology and resource efficiency (Scenario 2), results in LCOE and GHGLC reductions of up to 40% ($USD 36.94 per MWh) and 24% (572 kgCO2eq per MWh), respectively. Furthermore, the incorporation of low carbon H2, MeOH and NH3 into the process system was deemed infeasible at current prices, despite potential avoided emissions when compared to local business-as-usual operations. Lastly, looking ahead to 2030 shows a general increase in LCOE of $USD 8.5 – 14 per MWh and GHGLC of 8 – 27 kgCO2eq, attributed to higher grid demand and natural gas prices. Thus, our results support the need for new policies linked to active decarbonisation within the national energy sector and removal of current legislation that discourages the application of low carbon technologies linked to sustainable development. Ultimately, through a multi-objective optimisation framework, our results highlight the value of systems-based planning and implementation in the sustainable energy transition across the Caribbean region, in accordance with sustainable development goals (SDGs).

Inverse Modeling and Optimization of CSRR-Based Microwave Sensors for Industrial Applications

Design optimization of multivariable resonators is a challenging topic in the area of microwave sensors for industrial applications. This article proposes a novel methodology for rapid redesign and parameter tuning of complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs). Our approach involves inverse surrogate models established using preoptimized resonator data as well as analytical correction techniques to enable rapid adjustment of geometry parameters and CSRR optimization over broad ranges of operating frequencies. The tuning process is arranged to precisely allocate the operating frequency while maximizing the quality factor of the circuit. The procedure is generic and characterized by an extremely low computational cost of up to two electromagnetic (EM) analyses of the circuit at hand (not counting the inverse model setup). The presented technique is demonstrated using a circular CSRR coupled to a microstrip transmission line (MTL) and optimized to operate between 5 and 20 GHz. The design optimized for 15 GHz is fabricated and experimentally validated using a vector network analyzer. The sensor works in the transmission mode and senses the shift in resonance frequency determined by the properties of the material under test (MUT). Furthermore, an inverse regression model is developed that allows for directly finding the unknown permittivity of the MUT based on the measured resonant frequencies of the sensor. The obtained results corroborate the design utility of the proposed optimization method, as well as the practical usefulness of the specific CSRR structure developed with the aid thereof.

Rapid re-design of a postgraduate taught module for asynchronous delivery on the FutureLearn platform

Rapid re-design of a postgraduate taught module for asynchronous delivery on the FutureLearn platform

Addressing challenges to cancer control in Ireland due to the Covid-19 pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic presented a wide range of challenges to cancer control. People with possible symptoms of cancer were considered less likely to present for investigation. Patients with cancer were concerned about increased risk of illness or death from this novel virus. Cancer services had to ensure continued delivery of time-sensitive care. Public health skills and leadership have been key to Ireland's National Cancer Control Programme's COVID response. The multi-disciplinary skill set within the Programme includes an understanding of health protection principles, experience in rapid service redesign, monitoring of service delivery, patient and public communication, advocacy and guidance development, all of which have been integral to the pandemic response. Specific areas addressed include: rapid turnaround of guidance documents for cancer services, to minimise Covid-19 risk; patient information materials for those on treatment or with a history of cancer; development of novel service delivery mechanisms, such as a virtual national psycho-oncology service; a media campaign to combat decreased presentations with possible cancer and to reassure those currently on treatment; development of pre-surgical cocooning guidance and testing pathway; advocating for prioritisation of time-sensitive cancer diagnosis and treatment, and the wider health & wellbeing needs of those cocooning; advocating for and supporting the implementation of priority vaccination for those undergoing cancer treatment. Cross-sectoral collaboration has been facilitated by existing networks and relationships, allowing rapid responses to be deployed and actioned. The leaner guidance development process employed during the pandemic enabled timely response. A two-way communication system with cancer services allowed swift cascade of information and gathering of intelligence which empowered action. Learning from the cancer setting was transferable to other high-risk groups.Key messages The potential impact of the pandemic on non-COVID care was far reaching, including at all stages of the cancer patient journey, from pre-diagnosis to living with or beyond cancer.The programmatic approach to cancer control in Ireland facilitated concerted efforts to respond to the challenges posed by the pandemic.

Rapid redesign and effect on clinical workload of a supra-regional burns and plastic surgery service during the COVID-19 pandemic

IntroductionIn March 2020, South Wales experienced the most significant COVID-19 outbreak in the UK outside of London. We share our experience of the rapid redesign and subsequent change in activity in one of the busiest supra-regional burns and plastic surgery services in the UK.MethodsA time-matched retrospective service evaluation was completed for a 7-week “COVID-19” study period and the equivalent weeks in 2018 and 2019. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate plastic surgery theatre use and the impact of service redesign. Comparison between study periods was tested for statistical significance using two-tailed t-tests.ResultsOperation numbers reduced by 64% and total operating time by 70%. General anaesthetic cases reduced from 41% to 7% (p<0.0001), and surgery was mainly carried out in ringfenced daycase theatres. Emergency surgery decreased by 84% and elective surgery by 46%. Cancer surgery as a proportion of total elective operating increased from 51% to 96% (p<0.0001). The absolute number of cancer-related surgeries undertaken was maintained despite the pandemic.ConclusionRapid development of COVID-19 SOPs minimised inpatient admissions. There was a significant decrease in operating while maintaining emergency and cancer surgery. Our ringfenced local anaesthetic Plastic Surgery Treatment Centre was essential in delivering a service. COVID-19 acted as a catalyst for service innovations and the uptake of activities such as telemedicine, virtual MDTs, and online webinars. Our experiences support the need for a core burns and plastic service during a pandemic, and show that the service can be effectively redesigned at speed.

Theoretical basis for stabilizing messenger RNA through secondary structure design.

RNA hydrolysis presents problems in manufacturing, long-term storage, world-wide delivery and in vivo stability of messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccines and therapeutics. A largely unexplored strategy to reduce mRNA hydrolysis is to redesign RNAs to form double-stranded regions, which are protected from in-line cleavage and enzymatic degradation, while coding for the same proteins. The amount of stabilization that this strategy can deliver and the most effective algorithmic approach to achieve stabilization remain poorly understood. Here, we present simple calculations for estimating RNA stability against hydrolysis, and a model that links the average unpaired probability of an mRNA, or AUP, to its overall hydrolysis rate. To characterize the stabilization achievable through structure design, we compare AUP optimization by conventional mRNA design methods to results from more computationally sophisticated algorithms and crowdsourcing through the OpenVaccine challenge on the Eterna platform. We find that rational design on Eterna and the more sophisticated algorithms lead to constructs with low AUP, which we term ‘superfolder’ mRNAs. These designs exhibit a wide diversity of sequence and structure features that may be desirable for translation, biophysical size, and immunogenicity. Furthermore, their folding is robust to temperature, computer modeling method, choice of flanking untranslated regions, and changes in target protein sequence, as illustrated by rapid redesign of superfolder mRNAs for B.1.351, P.1 and B.1.1.7 variants of the prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Increases in in vitro mRNA half-life by at least two-fold appear immediately achievable.

'It became quite a complex dynamic': The experiences of occupational therapy practice educators' move to digital platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic.

IntroductionThe rapid shift to digital platforms during the COVID‐19 pandemic enabled occupational therapy practice education to continue while creating unique learning opportunities for students in an environment of high demand for practice education providers. How occupational therapy practice educators experienced fieldwork supervision during this rapid redesign of service delivery is not widely understood. This study aimed to explore the experiences of practice educators who supervised occupational therapy students during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Australia.MethodsFifteen occupational therapy practice educators participated in focus groups and individual semi‐structured interviews. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to understand the experiences of the participants and explore the barriers and facilitators to providing practice education in this context.FindingsThe experiences of the occupational therapy practice educators were interpreted into three themes: (1) Opportunities lost and then created (as two subthemes); (2) The relationship between the student and practice educator (comprising subthemes of practicing self‐care and connection and support); and (3) Signing‐off of students' competencies. While digital platforms were initially viewed as limiting, they also were used to create new opportunities for student learning. Participants spoke of being mindful of their and students' wellbeing and finding ways to provide connection and support. Participants were challenged by the need to adapt how they evaluated students in the context of a pandemic.ConclusionThe findings of this study highlight the complexities of occupational therapy practice education in the rapidly shifting context of the COVID‐19 pandemic in Australia. The outcomes highlight the importance of creating new ways of using digital platforms during practice education while focussing on the relationships with students.

THE ISSUE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES WITHIN CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURES

Abstract: Taking into account the need for computerisation and process automation within critical infrastructures, a whole process of choosing the most appropriate software technologies is born, both in terms of security, but also in terms of costs and development opportunities. This problem is encountered by all states, but also by private companies, has favoured the creation of an environment conducive to the development of computing technologies in three directions, namely: in-house software, open-source technologies and proprietary technologies. The current challenge is to find medium and long-term solutions for the rapid interconnection or redesign of these three types of information technology in order to process data from government systems, in order to perform complex analyses that can meet current needs, keeping in -an equable balance of costs and security level and identifying the most effective solution.

Expedited Acquisition of Database Designs for Reduced-Cost Performance-Driven Modeling and Rapid Dimension Scaling of Antenna Structures

Fast replacement models have been playing an increasing role in high-frequency electronics, including the design of antenna structures. Their role is to improve the computational efficiency of the procedures that normally entail large numbers of expensive full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulations, e.g., parametric optimization or uncertainty quantification. Recently introduced performance-driven modeling methods, such as the nested kriging framework, alleviate some of the common difficulties pertinent to conventional modeling methods. These include the curse of dimensionality but also the need for rendering models to be valid for broad ranges of antenna parameters and operating conditions, as dictated by the design utility of the surrogates. The keystone of performance-driven methods is an appropriate confinement of the model domain so that the training data are only acquired in the regions containing high-quality designs. Identification of such regions is realized using a set of so-called reference designs preoptimized for selected ensembles of performance requirements. The CPU cost of generating the reference points may be considerable and compromise the savings obtained by operating in a constrained domain. In this article, a technique for automated, reliable and low-cost acquisition of the reference designs is proposed. Our methodology involves inverse sensitivities, iterative correction procedures, and accelerated feature-based gradient search with sparse Jacobian updates. It is validated using three microstrip antenna examples and demonstrated as an efficient tool for lowering the cost of building surrogate models within the nested kriging framework. The intended use of our approach is expedited construction of database designs for constrained modeling frameworks, construction of inverse surrogates, as well as procedures for rapid redesign and dimension scaling of antenna structures.

How a pandemic changed advanced nurse practitioner (ANP) chest pain assessment from face-to-face to virtual: The impact on clinical workload, diagnosis &amp; patient safety

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Chest pain presentations to the Emergency Dept. (ED) account for 8% of ED cases annually. In response to the pandemic the usual care pathway of nurse-led assessment in ED and discharge to a chest pain clinic (Ingram 2017) ceased, as face-to-face clinics and diagnostics were curtailed, and staff redeployed. A virtual chest pain clinic was created by one ANP. Telehealth is defined as ‘the entire spectrum of activities used to deliver care remotely, without direct physical contact with the patient’ (Wosik 2020) Purpose This analysis aims to compare the outcomes of the Covid-19 virtual chest pain clinic in 2020 to the same face-to- face clinic period in 2019 with a focus on i. Clinic workload, ii. Patient Outcomes iii. Patient Safety, Methods The ANP performed a telephone consultation and referred for limited diagnostic testing or discharged to primary care. The patient management system (iPIMS) was used as a clinical and audit tool. This service evaluation was registered as quality improvement project. Results From 1/4/20 to 21/7/2020, 130 e-referrals were received compared to 154 face-to-face consults in the same period of 2019. The overall number of clinic episodes was 17% greater during the pandemic period (Fig.1), carried out by 1/3 of the 2019 staff quota. Access to exercise stress testing (EST) was reduced by 88%. CHD was diagnosed in 26%. Virtual assessment in this high risk group in the absence of timely diagnostics is a risk however 30 day mortality was 0%. Discussion The pandemic of covid-19 required a rapid redesign of the chest pain service in the midst of staff redeployment. Whilst the total number of referrals is less that the same timeframe in 2019 the ‘virtual’ nature of the service created additional episodes of care with the need for the return clinic in person or by telephone. Conclusion In response to the pandemic the change to a virtual clinic was enabled by ANP experience and permitted continued safe discharge of chest pain patients from the ED. The virtual service does add to the ANP clinical workload with potential risk. As it requires more office time, it prevents the ANP presence in the ED. It is hoped in time to return to the original model of care as this will be more efficient for the service and the patient.

New challenges to fighting COVID-19: Virus variants, potential vaccines, and development of antivirals.

Despite strict control measures implemented worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to rage. Several drugs, including lopinavir/ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine, dexamethasone, and remdesivir, have been evaluated for the treatment of COVID-19 during the past year. While most of the drugs failed to display efficacy in treating COVID-19, scientists have encouraged herd immunity to control the pandemic. Immunity generated after natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 is precarious, as indicated by real-world evidence in the form of epidemiological data from Manaus, Brazil. Vaccines using different platforms are therefore the most promising approach to help us return to normality. Although several vaccines have been authorized for emergency use, there are still many concerns regarding their accessibility, the vaccination rate, and most importantly, their efficacy in preventing infection with emerging virus variants. Continued virus surveillance and rapid redesign of new vaccines to counter new variants are crucial to fighting COVID-19. Rapid production and extensive vaccination are also essential to preventing the emergence of new variants. Nevertheless, antivirals including monoclonal antibodies and oral medicines need to be developed in light of uncertainties with regard to vaccination. In the battle between humans and SARS-CoV-2, the speed with which we fight the virus, and especially its emerging variants, is the key to winning.

Rapid redesign and implementation of new preclinic and clinic scheduled model during COVID-19.

Journal of Dental EducationVolume 85, Issue S3 p. 1980-1981 ADVANCING THROUGH INNOVATION Rapid redesign and implementation of new preclinic and clinic scheduled model during COVID-19 Michelle F. Siqueira DDS, DSc, Michelle F. Siqueira DDS, DSc College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorDouglas Brothwell DMD, MSc, Douglas Brothwell DMD, MSc College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorAlan Heinrichs DMD, Alan Heinrichs DMD College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorWalter L. Siqueira DDS, PhD, Corresponding Author Walter L. Siqueira DDS, PhD [email protected] College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada Correspondence Walter L. Siqueira, DDS, PhD, College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author Michelle F. Siqueira DDS, DSc, Michelle F. Siqueira DDS, DSc College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorDouglas Brothwell DMD, MSc, Douglas Brothwell DMD, MSc College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorAlan Heinrichs DMD, Alan Heinrichs DMD College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorWalter L. Siqueira DDS, PhD, Corresponding Author Walter L. Siqueira DDS, PhD [email protected] College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada Correspondence Walter L. Siqueira, DDS, PhD, College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author First published: 26 February 2021 https://doi.org/10.1002/jdd.12583Citations: 1Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume85, IssueS3Supplement: Advancing Through InnovationDecember 2021Pages 1980-1981 This article also appears in:Advancing Through Innovation in a Challenging Time RelatedInformation

Preserving transferable skills in the accounting curriculum during the COVID-19 pandemic

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a first-hand, critical reflection on the rapid redesign of a New Zealand university accounting course in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors reflect on their experience of redesigning a course for online delivery, while preserving its focus on transferable skills. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents the authors’ commentary on and self-evaluation of the teaching of a final year accounting paper during the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings The authors provide lessons for developing transferable skills when pivoting to digital learning under extreme conditions. The authors found a multi-modal approach to course delivery that helped facilitate the development of transferable skills and self-reflection journals were particularly useful for motivating students in an online teaching environment. The authors also identified the efficacy of designing and evaluating online course delivery using a “transferable skills first” template to identify gaps in learning activities and assessments. Originality/value The pressures of rapidly pivoting to digital learning threatened the authors’ ability to maintain a focus on transferable skills. The authors provide a design method for maintaining and developing transferable skills in a digital environment using a “transferable-skills first” teaching philosophy.

Patient care, public health, and a pandemic: adapting educational experiences in the clinical years.

The University of Wisconsin Madison School of Medicine and Public Health rapidly adapted its four‐year, three‐phase medical doctorate clinical curriculum at the onset of the COVID‐19 in Spring 2020. Medical students in clinical rotations, our Phase 2 and 3 of the ForWard curriculum, temporarily stopped face to face care of patients, transitioning instead to online learning. For Phase 2 students, this single 12‐ week interim course included didactic content from all required integrated blocks and the creation of a new content which taught public health principles in the context of historical pandemics. Phase 3 students were rescheduled into online electives, which course directors had offered in the past and agreed to offer again during this time. All Phase 3 students participated in a Public Health Preparedness course after its rapid redesign for online delivery and scaling for an entire class. Phase 2 students returned in July 2020 to abbreviated 8‐week integrated blocks that retained approximately 83% of the clinical time students would have received in the intended 12‐week integrated blocks. This was possible through the frontloading of teaching sessions to the interim course and creative scheduling of clinical experiences. The 2015 curricular redesign to the integrated curriculum facilitated effective coordination and teamwork that enabled these thoughtful, rapid adjustments to the curriculum.

Three Dimension Scanning using Infrared Coded Light

In this competitive market, reverse engineering is introduced to shorten a new product development time by digitizing an existing product for rapid redesign. In this project, a low cost and standalone 3D scanner is being developed to achieve this purpose. Research is done comparing advantages and limitation of different hardware and method for 3D scanning. Scanner is assisted by automated rotating and illumination scanning platform to improve its performance. Software is developed for scanning of object using a Red-Green-Blue-Depth (RGBD) camera. The scanned result is processed and refined using global and local registration method. Poisson surface reconstruction is performed on the processed point clouds for generating triangular mesh. This scanner able to scan the object with the accuracy up to 5mm with computational time around 25 minutes.

Rapid Adaptation of a Traditional Introductory Lecture Course on Catalysis into Content for Remote Delivery Online in Response to Global Pandemic

The social distancing measures introduced to prevent the spread of COVID-19 have led to the rapid redesign of chemistry instruction in higher education from face-to-face to online delivery. The des...

Low-Cost Automated Design of Compact Branch-Line Couplers.

Branch-line couplers (BLCs) are important components of wireless communication systems. Conventional BLCs are often characterized by large footprints which make miniaturization an important pre-requisite for their application in modern devices. State-of-the-art approaches to design compact BLCs are largely based on the use of high-permittivity substrates and multi-layer topologies. Alternative methods involve replacement of transmission-line sections of the circuit, with their composite counterparts, referred to as compact cells (CCs). Due to the efficient use of available space, CC-based couplers are often characterized by small footprints. The design of compact BLCs is normally conducted based on engineering experience. The process is laborious and requires many adjustments of topology followed by manual or, semi-automatic tuning of design parameters. In this work, a framework for low-cost automated design of compact BLCs using pre-defined CCs is proposed. The low cost of the presented design technique is ensured using equivalent-circuit models, space mapping correction methods, and trust-region-based local optimization algorithms. The performance of the framework is demonstrated based on three examples, concerning the design of unequal-power split coupler, comparison of automatically generated compact BLCs, as well as rapid re-design of the coupler for different substrates. Furthermore, the approach has been benchmarked against the state-of-the-art methods for low-cost design of circuits.

4203 Re-engineering the Approach to Extremely Preterm Breech Deliveries with Student Led Team Science

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Vaginal delivery is typically avoided in extremely preterm breech fetuses due to the concern for head entrapment by the cervix. Development of a device to prevent head entrapment would be best addressed by a multidisciplinary approach incorporating engineering principles with clinical obstetrics. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Construction of a collaborative multidisciplinary team to address the clinical challenge of preventing head entrapment was initiated through a unique course at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Course 2.75, Medical Device Design). The course would provide a structured means by which students (senior undergraduate and graduate students in Mechanical Engineering) would be paired with a clinical advisor and faculty in their department. Weekly team meetings were scheduled to review the clinical context pertinent to the problem and review engineering principles needed to develop a solution. The course also provided a small monetary budget ($4K) for the students to purchase supplies. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: During the semester long course, several iterations of a prototype were designed. Each subsequent rendition was evaluated from both an engineering and manufacturing perspective, as well as clinical appropriateness. The weekly meetings allowed for rapid re-design and assured that all necessary parameters were considered by the entire team. Students also had access to lab facilities and additional mentorship that allowed for supplementary input beyond that generated by core team members. These interactions, along with those of their classmates working on other projects, provided a strong base for exploring subsequent device development. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Successful medical device development requires a collaborative process and students can be ideal members of these teams as they reside in an environment that is conducive to exploration and novel idea generation. Course-based student led team science platforms can provide an excellent foundation for solving uniquely challenging medical problems.