Rapid Environmental Change Research Articles

Innovation in Islamic Religious Education for Elementary School Students by Empowering Sophisticated Digital Resources

Modern religious education faces difficult challenges caused by rapid technological advances and changes in the socio-cultural environment. One of its main tasks is to improve the quality of religious education and ensure the effectiveness of religious learning in elementary schools. The dissemination of knowledge through technology is an urgent matter but it is also necessary to develop competencies and adapt to today's world. The aim of the research is to analyze and improve the methodological competence of educators by using digital educational resources for religious education. The research method used was empirical with a total of 360 respondents. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews and surveys, monitoring student learning activities, studying teacher experiences, conducting practical-experimental discussions, and surveys, as well as analyzing and evaluating student work results. Analysis techniques include methodological reflection, critical evaluation, quality revision, and analysis of methods and exercises used in terms of suitability and effectiveness. As a result, digital educational resources were found to be an effective method in forming the professional orientation of future religious educators. These findings encourage the professional training of future educators and to improve professional qualifications in basic education institutions. In conclusion, the importance of integrating digital technology into the educational process to improve the quality of education and develop student competencies.

Perkembangan Teknologi Informasi dalam Sistem Informasi Manajemen di Bidang IT

Nowadays, most people increasingly perceive information as one of their basic needs besides the need for clothing, food and shelter. Along with this, information changes form into a commodity that has value and can be traded. This situation is proven by the increasing development of the information service business through various media, such as television stations, newspapers, radio and the internet, which have entered many aspects of people's lives. Rapid, dynamic and extensive environmental changes are supported by advances in information technology in almost all fields. This has encouraged changes in the lifestyle of traditional society into an information society. The rapid development of information technology has had an impact on people's lives. Since the discovery of computers in 1955, until now it continues to experience very significant developments. Information technology with computers as one of the very important components has changed the acquisition of information which is now not only from surrounding sources but information that comes from various sources. Computer-based information processing People are starting to become known and up to now there is a lot of software that people can use as a data processing tool to produce the desired information.

Efikasi diri dan penyesuaian diri siswa baru Sekolah Menengah Atas

Adaptation of new students is a process experienced by students in facing rapid and constant environmental changes, and the students need an adaptation process to undergo it. Self-efficacy is an individual's belief in his or her ability to achieve results in certain situations and conditions. This research aims to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and adjustment in new students. The research sample consisted of 150 students. The research results show that there is a significant relationship between self-efficacy and adjustment in new high school students. The higher the self-efficacy, the better the adjustment ability of new high school-level students.

Interactions between developmental phenology, carbon movement, and storage constrain demography in the understory clonal herb Podophyllum peltatum L.

Little is known about how carbon integration and storage dynamics affect and are affected by demography in field populations. We sought to elucidate this link by examining dynamic patterns of carbon integration relative to the timing of demographically significant developmental decisions regarding shoot type determination in mayapple, Podophyllum peltatum, a clonal plant with large and persistent rhizomes. Individual rhizome systems growing in natural populations were fed 14CO2 either in late-April, early-May, or mid-June, then harvested at intervals throughout the current season and into the next. When distribution of label was examined we found that carbon fixed at different times in the growing season is used differently: April-fixed assimilate remained in the labeled shoot or was moved into the old rhizome, May-fixed assimilate was found predominantly in the old rhizome, while early-June fixed assimilate moved into the old rhizome and the extending new ramet. Movement of assimilate into the old rhizome appeared to have precedence over formation of additional new ramets. Despite significant within season changes in location of dominant sinks within rhizome systems, there was little redistribution of labeled assimilate: early fixed assimilate was not used to fuel later within season growth, however, assimilate was redistributed between seasons. Vegetative and sexual systems differed in the distribution only of April-fixed assimilate. This was observed even though early labeling occurred prior to anthesis. Sexual systems retained a greater proportion of assimilate in the stem than did vegetative ones, which exported more to the old rhizome. 14C-distribution patterns did not vary between systems differing in future demographic status suggesting that the developmental decision regarding shoot type is based on resources acquired in prior years. We explore the hypothesis that preformation and storage are functionally linked traits that permit plants to coordinate the developmental determination of structures differing in cost and demographic function with known resource status. We conclude that demography influences and is influenced by integrative physiology and that physiological restrictions on within season redistribution of assimilates constrain plants' capacities to respond to short-term environmental variation. Such constraints may affect plants' abilities to respond to rapid environmental change in the Anthropocene.

Microplastic ingestion in five demersal, bathydemersal and bathypelagic fish species from the eastern Weddell Sea, Antarctica

Antarctica has traditionally been viewed as a relatively isolated ecosystem. Although still considered pristine, it is increasingly also being affected by microplastic pollution. Reported high sea floor concentrations raise concern that these ecosystems might act as major sink for microplastic pollution. This is significant as species in those remote ecosystems are likely more sensitive to rapid environmental change due to a high level of specialization, and lower tolerance levels. Microplastic ingestion in fish has barely been assessed in high latitude environments. Here we aimed to provide baseline data for the eastern Weddell Sea, which is particularly remote, and suggested for an area of conservation. By analyzing gastrointestinal tracts of 40 specimens from five species, we report an overall microplastic incidence rate of 0.23. This is lower than recent studies have found for other species in the Southern Ocean, and below global means. The highest incidence rate was detected in L. squamifrons (0.67), followed by P. evansii (0.29). The most common polymer was polyethylene recovered as 8 particles (42.1 %) from one specimen, while from the remaining 11 microplastics polyester was most common (36.8 %). This study shows that even in a remote region of the Antarctic Ocean with almost no vessel traffic, fisheries or touristic activity, bathydemersal and bathypelagic fish exhibit microplastic particles in their gastrointestinal tract.

Seasonal patterns and bloom dynamics of phytoplankton based on satellite-derived chlorophyll-a in the eastern yellow sea

Satellite-derived chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a) is essential for assessing environmental conditions, yet its application in the optically complex waters of the eastern Yellow Sea (EYS) is challenged. This study refines the Chl-a algorithm for the EYS employing a switching approach based on normalized water-leaving radiance at 555 nm wavelength according to turbidity conditions to investigate phytoplankton bloom patterns in the EYS. The refined Chl-a algorithm (EYS algorithm) outperforms prior algorithms, exhibiting a strong alignment with in situ Chl-a. Employing the EYS algorithm, seasonal and bloom patterns of Chl-a are detailed for the offshore and nearshore EYS areas. Distinct seasonal Chl-a patterns and factors influencing bloom initiation differed between the areas, and the peak Chl-a during the bloom period from 2018 to 2020 was significantly lower than the average year in both areas. Specifically, bimodal and unimodal peak patterns in Chl-a were observed in the offshore and nearshore areas, respectively. By investigating the relationships between environmental factors and bloom parameters, we identified that major controlling factors governing bloom initiation were mixed layer depth (MLD) and suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the offshore and nearshore areas, respectively. Additionally, this study proposed that the recent decrease in the peak Chl-a might be caused by rapid environmental changes such as the warming trend of sea surface temperature (SST) and the limitation of nutrients. For example, external forcing, phytoplankton growth, and nutrient dynamics can change due to increased SST and limitation of nutrients, which can lead to a decrease in Chl-a. This study contributes to understanding phytoplankton dynamics in the EYS, highlighting the importance of region-specific considerations in comprehending Chl-a patterns and bloom dynamics.

Mg2+-dependent mechanism of environmental versatility in a multidrug efflux pump.

Tripartite resistance nodulation and cell division multidrug efflux pumps span the periplasm and are a major driver of multidrug resistance among Gram-negative bacteria. The periplasm provides a distinct environment between the inner and outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria. Cations, such as Mg2+, become concentrated within the periplasm and, in contrast to the cytoplasm, its pH is sensitive to conditions outside the cell. Here, we reveal an interplay between Mg2+ and pH in modulating the dynamics of the periplasmic adaptor protein, AcrA, and its function within the prototypical AcrAB-TolC multidrug efflux pump from Escherichia coli. In the absence of Mg2+, AcrA becomes increasingly plastic within acidic conditions, but when Mg2+ is bound this is ameliorated, resulting in domain specific organisation in neutral to weakly acidic regimes. We establish a unique histidine residue directs these structural dynamics and is essential for sustaining pump efflux activity across acidic, neutral, and alkaline conditions. Overall, we propose Mg2+ conserves the structural mobility of AcrA to ensure optimal AcrAB-TolC function within rapid changing environments commonly faced by the periplasm during bacterial infection and colonization. This work highlights that Mg2+ is an important mechanistic component in this pump class and possibly across other periplasmic lipoproteins.

The Role of Social Media Entrepreneurship as a Mediation on the Influence of Job Crafting on Workforce Agility

This study aims to analyze the effect of job crafting on workforce agility with enterprise social media as a mediating variable among company employees in Bekasi. With increasing job demands and rapid changes in the business environment due to the industrial revolution 4.0 and the COVID-19 pandemic, good workforce agility is needed so that employees can adapt to these changes. Job crafting allows employees to customize their jobs according to their abilities and needs, while enterprise social media is expected to facilitate communication and collaboration to increase agility. This research uses a survey method by distributing questionnaires to 65 respondents of company employees in Bekasi. Data were analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling. The results showed that job crafting has a significant positive effect on workforce agility and enterprise social media, but enterprise social media has no significant effect on workforce agility and is unable to mediate the relationship between job crafting and workforce agility.

Environmental variation predicts patterns of genomic variation in an African tropical forest frog

Central African rainforests are predicted to be disproportionately affected by future climate change. How species will cope with these changes is unclear, but rapid environmental changes will likely impose strong selection pressures. Here we examined environmental drivers of genomic variation in the central African puddle frog (Phrynobatrachus auritus) to identify areas of elevated environmentally-associated turnover. We also compared current and future climate models to pinpoint areas of high genomic vulnerability where allele frequencies will have to shift the most in order to keep pace with future climate change. Neither physical landscape barriers nor the effects of past Pleistocene refugia influenced genomic differentiation. Alternatively, geographic distance and seasonal aspects of precipitation are the most important drivers of SNP allele frequency variation. Patterns of genomic differentiation coincided with key ecological gradients across the forest-savanna ecotone, montane areas, and a coastal to interior rainfall gradient. Areas of greatest vulnerability were found in the lower Sanaga basin, the southeastern region of Cameroon, and southwest Gabon. In contrast with past conservation efforts that have focused on hotspots of species richness or endemism, our findings highlight the importance of maintaining environmentally heterogeneous landscapes to preserve genomic variation and ongoing evolutionary processes in the face of climate change.

Using eco‐evolutionary models to improve management of introgression in brown trout

AbstractThe management of intraspecific diversity in many species is usually disconnected from eco‐evolutionary processes happening in natura. A classic example is embodied in the problem of introgression in hybridized fish populations, wherein management practices are generally unaware of any selective process at work, and therefore generally rely on numbers (adding or removing individuals) to reduce introgression. Such an example can be observed in the French Alps, where native Mediterranea (MED) brown trout have been highly introgressed through decades of stocking with domesticated Atlantic (ATL) brown trout. Recently however, new results shed light on a potential selective mechanism that may affect differentially the fitness of MED and ATL genes depending on the environment (GxE interaction). Using a demogenetic agent‐based model able to account for such GxE interaction, we simulate a management scenario implemented in 2005 by some biodiversity managers and scientists, who attempted to restore the Mediterranea gene pool using translocation of near pure MED individuals in Atlantic‐dominated areas. We show that the model is unable to recreate the observed introgression dynamics if the GxE interaction is not included. This finding implies that (i) eco‐evolutionary mechanisms can have large effects on introgression dynamics on very short time scales and (ii) management of intraspecific diversity should increasingly rely on these natural mechanisms, so as to improve management targets and facilitate adaptation to rapid environmental changes.

The Concept Of Human Resource Management In The Life Of Business Organizations In The Digital Era

The development of digital technology has brought new challenges in managing human resources in the modern era. The concept of HR management has become the main focus of organizations in facing change. The aim of the research is to analyze the concept of HR management in organizational life in the digital era. This research uses descriptive analysis methods to study related literature and explore an in-depth understanding of HR management concepts. The main findings of this research show that human resources have a significant influence on the lifecycle of business organizations in the digital age. In the digital era, the role of human resources is becoming increasingly important because of digital transformation which influences the way work and interactions within organizations. To build a great business organization in the digital era, companies need to take strategic steps that can optimize human resource potential and respond to rapid changes in the business environment. However, in optimizing the potential of human resources there are challenges that need to be faced. To overcome this, a sustainable approach to human resources (Sustainable HRM) emerged.

Theoretical foundations of developing school management skills of future teachers: Global trends and analysis of training in the education system of Kazakhstan

Relevance. The relevance of this study is due to the rapid changes in the educational environment caused by the development of information technologies and the increasing socio-cultural diversity of school communities. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to identify the best methods of developing school management skills of future teachers in the face of contemporary challenges and changes. Methodology. The study employed systematic approach and methods of analysis, comparison, synthesis, deduction, induction, and classification. Results. A comprehensive review of the education system in Kazakhstan was undertaken, including the changes brought to the system within the framework of the renewed content of education. The analysis of the statistics of students enrolled in pedagogical specialities revealed a steady interest in pedagogical sciences, as the number of enrolments for the decade increased by 45%. The dynamics of the number of general-education schoolteachers revealed in the study also suggested that the demand for representatives of this profession is steadily growing. As a result of investigating the practices of training future teachers for school management in educational leader countries, the unique characteristics of each training system were revealed. Conclusions. Based on the findings of this study, concrete teaching methods and techniques were presented to develop effective communication and cooperation skills in different educational and social contexts to effectively prepare future teachers for school management. Furthermore, it was substantiated that the specificity of school management training consists in mastering modern educational technologies, analysing data, and applying effective assessment strategies, which ensures readiness for prompt response to changes in the educational system and introduction of innovations in pedagogical practice. Keywords: professional competences; leadership; pedagogical training; modernisation of training; international practices

Deciphering the Physiognomy of the Military Operational Environment – Factors and Characteristics

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic and detailed analysis of the key components that characterise the military operational environments and that should be considered to improve the effectiveness of the operations process. Also, it focuses on understanding how these salient characteristics might influence capabilities and tactics with particular emphasis on the adaptability of military forces in the face of rapid and unforeseen changes in the operational environment. The research objectives include identifying and assessing the impact of operational environment’s factors, and analysing how military forces adapt to these conditions to maximise their effectiveness. The results highlight the need for continuous adaptability and flexibility of the military forces to respond performantly to the ever-changing operational requirements. Furthermore, the paper demonstrates that military operational effectiveness is closely connected to the ability to anticipate, understand and integrate new technologies, as well as to adjust continuously designated strategies and tactics in the face of the challenges specific to the operational environment.

Population variation in signaling behavior and contest outcome in the jacky dragon.

Being aggressive and by extension, dominant, is an important mechanism for determining access to resources such as mates or territories. While predictors of contest outcome and dominance are increasingly studied, we have a poor understanding of how they vary across populations. Here, I use the widely distributed Australian agamid lizard, the Jacky dragon (Amphibolurus muricatus), to quantify variation in features predicting contest outcome among males of different populations. I measured physical attributes, maximal physiological performance capacity (sprint speed, endurance, bite force) and visual displays during staged encounters. I found that morphology, performance capacity and the type and frequency of visual displays used during agonistic interactions varied significantly across populations. Contest winners from the Cann River State Forest population favored tail-flicks and push-up/body-rocks, while those from Royal National Park were more likely to chase and individuals from Yarratt State Forest performed more bite-lunges than other populations. The losers of contests also differed in their displays. Individuals from the Cann River population were dominant over the others based on behavioral attributes (i.e., aggressive visual displays, chases and bite-lunges). I suggest that population differences in signal form and function could have implications for range dynamics as populations come into contact in an era of rapid environmental change.

포용적 리더십이 중장년층 구성원의 내면화된 수치심에 미치는 영향

Middle-aged members experience high psychological anxiety or are alienated from the organization due to rapid changes in the business environment and job insecurity, reduced work and roles, age discrimination, and forced retirement. The anxiety of middle-aged members appears as internalized shame, showing a cynical attitude toward the organization, and has the potential to spread negative emotions to individuals and organizations. In addition, middle-aged members are an area of interest in research in that they have know-how and performance resources through their careers. This study focused on the internalized shame of middle-aged members, and to confirm the psychological mechanisms that alleviate it, the direct effect of inclusive leadership, the controlled role of leader trust and perceived organizational support were verified. The survey was conducted twice by separating the measurement period of the survey from 455 office workers working in various industries. As a result of the study, first, inclusive leadership was found to reduce the internalized shame of middle-aged members. Second, it was found that inclusive leadership was regulated by leader trust and alleviated internalized shame. Third, inclusive leadership was found to alleviate internalized shame as a controlled moderating effect of leader trust and perceived organizational support. Focusing on the status, emotions, and characteristics of middle-aged members, this study deeply verified the relationship between variables, presented theoretical and practical implications, and presented future research tasks and limitations based on the research results.

Properties of vertebrate predator-prey networks in the high Arctic.

Predation is an important ecological process that can significantly impact the maintenance of ecosystem services. In arctic environments, the relative ecological importance of predation is thought to be increasing due to climate change, partly because of increased productivity with rising temperatures. Therefore, understanding predator-prey interactions in arctic ecosystems is vital for the sustainable management of these northern regions. Network theory provides a framework for quantifying the structures of ecological interactions. In this study, we use dietary observations on mammalian and avian predators in a high arctic region, including isolated peninsulas on Ellesmere Island and north Greenland, to construct bipartite trophic networks. We quantify the complexity, specialization, and nested as well as modular structures of these networks and also determine if these properties varied among the peninsulas. Mammal prey remains were the dominant diet item for all predators, but there was spatial variation in diet composition among peninsulas. The predator-prey networks were less complex, had more specialized interactions, and were more nested and more modular than random expectations. However, the networks displayed only moderate levels of modularity. Predator species had less specialized interactions with prey than prey had with predators. All network properties differed among the peninsulas, which highlights that ecosystems often show complex responses to environmental characteristics. We suggest that gaining knowledge about spatial variation in the characteristics of predator-prey interactions can enhance our ability to manage ecosystems exposed to environmental perturbations, particularly in high arctic environments subject to rapid environmental change.

Проблемы современной сферы образования и ее влияние на экономику страны

The field of education is undergoing significant transformations in response to the evolving needs of society and the economy. In the face of rapid technological advancements and changes in the socio-economic environment, there is a need for updating the content of education to provide the younger generation with the opportunity to successfully adapt and compete in the labor market. The flexibility and responsiveness of the educational system to the changing demands of the modern world are crucial aspects of successfully addressing issues related to the field of education. It is important to create a flexible system capable of tracking current market requirements and offering new knowledge and skills for the future. Additionally, it is necessary to consider the individual characteristics of each learner to create comfortable conditions for their development. This article conducts an analysis of the aforementioned topic, examines changes in the modern educational system, and proposes solutions to the problematic issues in the field of education. In conclusion, the challenges facing modern education are multifaceted and require a comprehensive approach to address. By fostering flexibility, responsiveness, and inclusivity within the education system, countries can better prepare their citizens for the demands of the 21st-century economy. Strategic investments in education, coupled with ongoing research and innovation, are essential for ensuring the continued prosperity and competitiveness of nations in the global marketplace.

Teaching Reform of Marketing Major Based on School-Enterprise Cooperation Perspective

With the rapid changes in the market environment and the continuous evolution of enterprise demand, the teaching of the marketing profession is facing unprecedented challenges, and colleges and universities need to adjust and optimize their teaching strategies to cultivate high-quality marketing talents to meet the demands of the modern market. School-enterprise co-operation mode can promote the innovation of teaching content and methods, and enhance students' practical ability and employment competitiveness. Therefore, this paper discusses the reform strategy of marketing professional teaching under the perspective of school-enterprise cooperation, and analyses the key elements in the implementation process, to provide a new direction and ideas for marketing education.

A Study on the Reform of Practical Teaching in Purchasing Management Course

With the development of a globalized economy and rapid changes in the market environment, procurement management, as a key link in the enterprise supply chain, has an increasing demand for professional talents. However, the traditional teaching mode of procurement management often difficult to meet the industry's composite demand for high-quality procurement management talents, and there are problems such as the disconnection between theory and practice and the obsolescence of teaching resources. Therefore, the practical teaching reform of procurement management courses has become an important task to improve the quality of education and cultivate students' comprehensive ability. This paper analyzes the current problems in the teaching of procurement management, puts forward targeted reform measures, and discusses the importance of these measures to enhance students' practical ability and theoretical application abilities.

Adaptation of Community Radio in the New Media Age

Community Radio has played an important role in shaping good local governance, village governance, supporting the people's economy, and preserving local wisdom. However, in the current era of new media, the existence of community radio is increasingly tested by various challenges. This study aims to understand how community radio managers adapt to the development of information and communication technology that continues to evolve. The research method used is descriptive with qualitative approach. Community radio is faced with the fact that information and communication technologies are constantly evolving, forming what we know as new media. In earlier eras, radio was identified with a physical device called a radio, but now radio broadcasts can be accessed via online channels or by streaming without being constrained by frequency range. These new media-based broadcasts often lack personal interaction with their listeners. Therefore, to build a more emotional connection with its audience, community radio managers and broadcasters need to adopt a more humanist approach. They seek to strengthen the bond between community radio and its listeners through more direct, responsive, and personalized interactions. Thus, they create stronger bonds and build loyalty among their listeners. This study is expected to provide a deeper insight into the adaptation strategies undertaken by community radio in the face of rapid changes in the media environment. With a better understanding of the challenges and opportunities at hand, community radio can continue to be a relevant and beneficial means for local communities.