Rapid Digitalization Research Articles

РАЗВИТИЕ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО ТУРИЗМА: СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТРЕНДЫ И МЕРЫ ПОДДЕРЖКИ

The paper substantiates the relevance for development of digital technologies in the tourism industry, especially at the post-pandemic stage, and identifies main global trends in digitalization of this sector. It also describes the work experience of tourism organizations in Russia and abroad on the development and application of digital technologies. Consideration is given to the importance of entrenching digital technologies in the context of integrated digital initiatives and also the priority of government initiatives to promote and develop digital processes in the tourism industry. The conclusion is made about the need to create such institutional and infrastructural conditions in Russia that will be adequate to the objective of more rapid digitalization in the tourism industry with an account for new trends formed in digital transformation of the tourism industry in strategic documents at different planning horizons.

Cybersecurity of Offshore Oil and Gas Production Assets Under Trending Asset Digitalization Contexts: A Specific Review of Issues and Challenges in Safety Instrumented Systems

Due to the rapid digitalization of offshore oil fields and production platforms, diverse technological solutions, products, and application software have begun to appear both in upstream and midstream processes raising new organizational and operational challenges. The potential effects of these digital technologies driven developments have also been generating concerns, particularly in safety, security, and regulatory terms. Both hardware and software related changes and challenges in sensitive systems such as safety instrumented systems (SIS) can expose a production asset to new forms of risks. Hence, diverse aspects of cybersecurity have gained serious attention from authorities, operators, and service providers, particularly due to increasing general tendencies of major cyber-attacks on high-risk industrial assets, as well as their significant impact on safety, production, and asset economics terms. A SIS in an offshore oil and gas production asset has a critical role towards its safety integrity level (SIL). In general, a SIS consists of specific safety assurance instruments and pre-defined safety functions that are tightly coupled to detect, prevent, or mitigate hazardous situations ensuring process safety. Under the current industrial contexts of major changes within the offshore oil and gas production sector, partly due to unavoidable commercial changes and partly due to rapid technological developments, a better understanding of the cybersecurity exposure potentials of SIS is quite important to mitigate unwanted events and incidents. Under such circumstances, this paper explores critical issues and challenges related to cybersecurity of SIS as an extended step of a research study done in collaboration with industrial partners. It assesses the current actual status, requirements in governing standards and guidelines, and identifies some dangerous failure modes of SISs that need due security-oriented attention in a continuous asset digitalisation process. Towards the end, the paper defines and elaborates in-depth on specific issues and challenges relating to cybersecurity of SIS. Moreover, it identifies and reflects on generic initial steps that can be taken for assurance of cybersecurity of SIS within offshore oil and gas production assets to ensure necessary safety and security integrity levels under rapidly changing industrial contexts.

Modern Trends in Education in the Era of Digitalization: Task and Prospects of Development

The article suggests an overall review of modern technological trends in education. The authors aimed to figure out the objectives, benefits and obstacles of their development. The article deals with innovations, which have already been and are being implemented in education system with Industry 5.0 shortly ahead. The main aim is to determine social and cultural impact of rapid digitalization in the sphere of education. Research methods were based on deductive categories. Elements of descriptive and comparative analysis were applied for identification of major patterns and tendencies. The review given by the authors proves that education is one of the main challenges for authorities, teachers and students in terms of digitalization. The results of the research indicate the importance of new paradigm and reconsidering of educational environment in general. It involves technological, social and communicative aspects. Some conventional standards have become obsolete and we need to acknowledge the fact. Modern society is facing not only technological challenges but also the ones concerning attitude and skills. We can conclude that effective agreement between social and technological process can be reached if legal framework and standardized approaches are involved.

Improvement of Innovative Projects Management and Revival of Innovation Activities of Ukrainian Enterp

Introduction. The wider application of the benefits of project management in the organization of innovation is seen as an effective tool for revitalizing the innovation activities of modern enterprises. Innovative project is a modern form of organization of innovation processes, which allows to generate intellectual added value to increase innovation and competitiveness of enterprises. The expediency of improving the management of innovative projects on the basis of increasing their intelligence to increase the innovation and competitiveness of enterprises is substantiated.Purpose is to substantiate the directions of improving the management of innovative projects to revive the innovative activity of Ukrainian enterprises.Methods. In the process of research a set of general scientific and special methods was used. In particular, historical and logical methods were to study theoretical foundations of project management approaches in the organization of innovation; analysis and synthesis - to compare the main approaches to the interpretation of concepts and methods of calculating the rate of intelligence of an innovative project; correlation-regression analysis - to build predictive models of changes in innovation activity of industrial enterprises and sales of innovative products; graphic method - for visual presentation of the results of analytical research; abstract-logical - for theoretical generalization and formulation of conclusions.Results. Research proves that innovative projects are a modern form of organizing innovative activities in the context of increasing crisis, rapid digitalization and globalization of economic processes, which can provide a constant increase in innovation and competitiveness of enterprises. The implementation of an innovative model of doing business requires the search for progressive ways to improve the management of innovative projects of enterprises. The concept of “management of innovative projects as an impact on groups of people in order to organize and coordinate their activities aimed at strengthening the intellectual capacity of the project, which provides intellectual added value, increasing innovation and competitiveness of the enterprise” has been clarified. The forecast models of changes of innovatively-active industrial enterprises of Ukraine and dynamics of realization of innovative production of the enterprises for an estimation of efficiency of the organization of innovative activity at micro level are constructed. The necessity of reviving the processes of development and implementation of innovative projects as an important factor in increasing the innovative activity of enterprises is proved. The factors that have a negative impact on the interest of enterprises in the implementation of innovative projects, which exacerbates the decline in innovation activity in the Ukrainian business sector, have been systematized. The directions for improvement of innovative projects management aimed at strengthening the intellectual capacity of the project, generating intellectual added value, which allows to intellectualize production and commercial processes, revive innovation activity and increase the innovation of the enterprise are substantiated.Discussion. Transformation of economic systems, increasing the number and scale of today’s challenges will require further strengthening of enterprise innovation, due to the need to form competitive advantages, increase the environmental and social component of business as a result of innovative projects. The expediency of project management development in the organization of innovative activity of Ukrainian enterprises is actualized. The directions for improvement of innovative projects management in order to increase their intellectual and science-intensiveness for the decision of problems of revival of innovative activity of the enterprises are substantiated.

Presbyopia developed earlier during the COVID-19 pandemic.

PurposeThe aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the development and progression of presbyopia and the status of dry eye-related symptoms from 2017 to 2020, to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsNear add power at 30 cm was measured in 339 participants aged between 40 and 55 from 2017 to 2021 at Japanese eye clinics. Regression analysis of near add power and age was analyzed to compare 2017 with later years up to the pandemic. The prevalence of dry eye-related signs and six common symptoms were compared.ResultsThe number and mean age (y) of participants were 183 (48.6±4.1) in 2017, 46 (51.3±7.5) in 2019, and 110 (49.2±3.7) in 2020–21, respectively. The mean progression rate of near add power (D/y) was 0.13 for 2017, 0.09 for 2019 (P = 0.028, vs 2017), and 0.08 for 2020–21 (P<0.001, vs 2017). The slope (rate of presbyopia progression) became flatter from 2017 to 2021 and the estimated near add power at the age of 40 increased from 2017 to 2020–2021, implicating presbyopia developed earlier and worsened during the study period. The 2017 values were comparable with previous studies described in 1922 and 2019. The standardized correlation coefficient between age and near add power was 0.816 for 2017, 0.671 for 2019 (P = 0.084, vs 2017), and 0.572 for 2020–21 (P<0.001, vs 2017). Multiple regression analysis revealed age and COVID-19 pandemic were significantly correlated with near add power. The prevalence of dryness irritation, and pain was greater in 2020–21 than in 2017 with no difference in the prevalence of eye fatigue, blurring, and photophobia. There was no difference in the prevalence of short tear break-up time and positive corneal staining among 2017, 2019 and 2020–21.ConclusionEstimated presbyopia developed earlier and progressed slower from 2017 to 2021, the COVID-19 pandemic. Stress and rapid digitalization related to strict infection control and quarantine might be contributing factors.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТИВНІСТЬ ПОДАТКОВОЇ СИСТЕМИ НА ЗАСАДАХ ПРОЗОРОСТІ ТА РЕФОРМУВАННЯ

The expediency is reasoned of creating a competitive environment in the context of globalization and limited factors of production, forcing countries to compete with each other and take measures to attract owners of factors of production by forming the optimal combination of institutional, public goods and tax preferences, where only tax preferences are not the key to success in competition, as opposed to general conditions of taxation in combination with infrastructural, institutional and public goods. Emphasis is placed on the rapid digitalization of economic processes and the globalization of even small businesses through online platforms that will significantly affect the struggle in the field of economic and institutional competition. It has been proven that it is already necessary to respond to new challenges which are associated with tax evasion, erosion of the tax base, a significant geographical gap between the location of factors of production and the jurisdiction of profit. It is established that the answers to these risks lie both in the plane of institutional readiness and in the plane of the effectiveness of the application of tax administration tools, including control, as well as the synergy of measures at the macro and micro levels. The variety of tools used in world practice to improve compliance with tax legislation is studied and their division into categories is indicated. The expediency of using mechanisms to ensure the transparency of the tax system is substantiated, along with measures to assure the transparency of taxpayers before the tax authorities at the national level, as well as mechanisms to provide accountability and transparency of the tax authorities themselves to the government, parliament and taxpayers. It is proposed, taking into account foreign experience, in addition to quantitative indicators of tax effectiveness, to use supplementary indicators that characterize the work of tax authorities, considering economy, effectiveness, efficiency, which will deepen the level of tax system performance.

Web Mining Techniques Applicable for Cultural Heritage Observations

The rapid digitalization in the cultural domain generated enormous amounts of data. But that data is not personalized or processed, thus the benefit for different users is limited, due to the variety of users – people learn through different methods. However if techniques used in the last decade to personalize web content are applied to cultural content more users could easily absorb and process the cultural heritage knowledge. Also techniques could be applied to cluster and extract useful knowledge.

The Digitalization of Self-Access and Advising Services in Times of a Global Pandemic

The global pandemic forced educational institutions worldwide to adapt to a new, fully online concept of education and a rapid digitalization to keep providing their services to learners. This paper reports on the digitalization process of the Independent Learning Center (ILC) and the Learning Advisory Program (LAP) unit at Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University (AYBU), Turkey. The interrelated digitalization stories of the two units include the provision of learning resources and activities to learners with digital tools and their responses to the new format. Despite the challenges involved, the ILC has offered a considerably higher number of extracurricular activities than in face-to-face education days and reached a higher number of learners in the 2020-2021 academic year. As for the LAP, the participants’ reflections showed how opportunities for offering engaging activities in the LAP created a cascading impact of affordances for both the individual learners and the members of the larger community.

Kuran Kursu Öğreticilerinin Dijital Okuryazarlık Seviyesinin İncelenmesi

The phenomenon of digitalization, which manifests itself in almost every field of daily life, strongly affects education processes, and traditional education methods and techniques are replaced by digital technologies. The rapid digitalization experienced today has brought the concept of digital literacy. In its most general definition, digital literacy refers to the ability to find, understand, analyze, produce and share information through network devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops and desktop computers. Digital literacy also includes knowing the unique legal rules and ethical norms of online environments, production and sharing patterns. Digitalization seems inevitable in religious education and Quran Courses as in all fields of education. This research aims to examine the digital literacy levels of Qur'an Course Instructors. The sample consists of 351 Qur'an Course Instructors working in Sakarya and Düzce provinces. For collecting the data, a questionnaire prepared by the researcher to determine the demographic variables of the participants and the Digital Literacy Evaluation Scale developed to measure the digital literacy level of the participants were used. The scale consists of “awareness, contextual use, secure participation, digital identity management and basic tool and media knowledge” sub-dimensions. The findings show that the digital literacy level of Qur'an Course Instructors differs according to the type of course they work. It has been observed that the digital literacy level of those who need training on the use of digital technologies is significantly lower. It is thought that providing basic digital literacy training to Qur'an Course Instructors will increase the quality of service

Branded Web-Series And Its Impact On The Indian Gen-Y And Gen-Z Consumers

With rapid digitalization currently taking place in India, young Indian adults have been heavily relying on digital media for entertainment content that discusses unconventional topics and resonates with their mindset, which traditional Indian TV programs often fail to do.

I Agree to Terms and Conditions: Negotiating Privacy Online in Central Asia

This study explores the formation of privacy as a value for different stakeholders in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. Building on fieldwork in the two states, the study represents one of the few attempts to map out the interpretations and practices of privacy in Central Asia. The rapid digitalization processes unfolding in these two countries, which have similar cultural and historical roots, provide an illustrative setting of how privacy can be scrutinized in dissimilar political contexts, how its value is defined by the policies of the past, and what the apparent and dormant risks for society are.

Algorithms for rapid digitalization of prescriptions

Prescription data are invaluable for healthcare research and intelligence, yet, extraction of these data is challenging as this information is intertwined in the unstructured and non-grammatical text in prescription images. Moreover, text extraction from images in itself is hard, particularly for handwritten text. While piecemeal solutions exist, they are either limited to a small set of entities of interest or have very low accuracy and are not scalable. In this paper, we present two algorithms: the C-Cube algorithm for digitization of computer-printed prescriptions and the 3-Step Filtering algorithm for handwritten prescriptions. While a brute-force approach would match every word that is received from an optical character reader (OCR) with all possible entries in the database, this approach is inefficient and imprecise. The premise of our algorithms is an application of pattern intelligence to select a much smaller set of words (from the words returned by the OCR) as potential entities of interest. We rigorously tested the two algorithms on a corpus of more than 10,000 prescriptions’ images, taking the brute-force technique as the baseline methodology. Regarding latencies, we found that the C-Cube and the 3-Step Filtering algorithms were 588 and 231 times faster than the brute-force approach. In terms of accuracies, we found that the F-score of the C-cube algorithm was 90% higher than the F-score of the brute-force approach whereas the F-score for the 3-Step filtering algorithm was found to be 8,600% higher. The algorithms are decidedly faster and more accurate than the brute-force approach. These attributes make them suitable for implementation in real-time environments as well as for use in batch-mode for various applications. We expect the algorithms to play a significant role in the digitalization of healthcare information and briefly discuss a few applications.

Social Aspects of the Consequences of Artificial Intelligence Decision Making in a Digital Society

In recent decades, almost all areas of human activity are undergoing rapid digitalization and the introduction of artificial intelligence, which fundamentally affect social relations within society. In addition to the obvious benefits of using human-like intelligence in the modern digital world, there may also be negative consequences associated, first of all, with the processes of making important, large-scale management decisions by the cyber-management of a digital society. The problem of the impact on social security of decision-making by artificial intelligence in a digital society has not been sufficiently studied. The article considers the main social aspects of the problems related to the consequences of artificial intelligence making decisions. The main focus is the impact of decisions made by cyber managers on the social stability of a digital society. Some features of the emerging social relations “human – artificial intelligence”, “Manager – Cyber-manager” are considered. Based on analyzing the impact of the consequences of decision-making by artificial intelligence on social relations, a number of changes in the training system for digitalization processes are proposed, and requirements for the competence of specialists in developing and operating human-like intelligence are formulated. Based on the practical requirements of the modern IT sphere, the author has developed and introduced into the educational process a number of cycles of interdisciplinary lectures and practical seminars for future IT specialists in a digital society. A number of solutions to pedagogical problems related to the development of the analytical and creative abilities of future specialists, of architects and developers of cyber-systems and of managerial decision-making are proposed.

The Role of Regulatory Agencies in Agenda-Setting Processes: Insights from the Italian Response to the COVID-19 Infodemic.

International organizations such as the WHO have worked to raise awareness of the massive infodemic that accompanied the COVID‐19 outbreak and made it hard for people to find trustworthy sources of information and reliable guidance for their decisions. Our contribution focuses on the Italian case, where the Communications Regulatory Authority (AGCOM) was able to act as first mover in its field so as to strategically frame the problem of disinformation in the absence of a pre‐existing policy intervention. An emerging body of research shows that the activity of formally independent regulators is not necessarily limited to the implementation of delegated regulatory competencies. We discuss the implications of the activity of independent regulators for the fight against disinformation during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We find that as a political actor in its own right, the Italian media regulator claimed control over sectoral expertise in order to shape the crucial first steps of the response to the infodemic.

Clinical trials landscape in Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka is an ideal destination for the global clinical trial industry due to its favorable national policies, growing economy, and rapid digitalization directly influencing the increasing global market size of clinical trials. Its comprehensive primary health care coverage, educated population, free standard of care, non-communicable disease burden equals to western countries, qualified medical practitioners, and a core of competent and committed clinical researchers combined with its population’s proficiency in English also make this South Asian nation a potentially excellent regional clinical trials destination. Making an environment favorable to research partnership while guaranteeing the safe and ethical conduct of clinical trials has been a repetitive subject for conversation and discussion in the nation. A robust regulatory framework and ethical reviewing process have minimized legal loopholes ensuring the rights, safety, and well-being of trial participants that are protected. The Sri Lanka Clinical Trials Registry is a non-revenue driven registry and it can be considered a key stimulus to the ongoing discussions on clinical trials in Sri Lanka. Moreover, the adoption of new technology in clinical research and the rise of the pharmaceutical industry encourages and creates opportunities for more clinical trials to be conducted in Sri Lanka which, in turn, influences the growth of the industry.

Digitalization as a Tool for Ensuring Innovative Development of Restaurant Business

The aim of the study is to identify and systematize innovations in the restaurant business in the context of digitalization of business process management. The article proves that the globalization of crisis phenomena in the national and world economy, in particular complicated by the COVID19 pandemic, the variability of the market environment necessitates an innovative orientation of the restaurant business. The definition of “innovation in the restaurant business” as a creative entrepreneurial process of creating and/or improving and commercializing a new product, service or technology with the appropriate transformation of management methods, which increase the efficiency of business processes while bifurcating quality management parameters and form the basis for further development. The classification of the combination of innovations in the restaurant business according to the criteria on the basis of the results of the transformation of the combinatorial clustering of innovations is given. It is proved that digitalization creates a basis for innovative business process management formats of restaurants, which allow to form their own ecosystem of information and communication interaction with consumers and other stakeholders, based on customer orientation, innovation, partnership and synergy. Factors of gradual and rapid digitalization of the restaurant business are highlighted, the combined effect of which necessitates the introduction of adaptive models of innovative digital management by restaurant business owners.

Influence of digitalization on the public policy forming in Ukraine

Problem setting. The COVID-19 pandemic, global quarantine, quarantine restrictions created the conditions for society to react quickly. Digital technologies are now being used more intensively, and the public administration sector is no exception. At the same time, the country's development requires systematic strategic and tactical decisions that will accelerate the introduction of modern digital technologies in all spheres of Ukrainian society, also forming and implementation of public policy at various levels of government.&#x0D; The analysis of recent researches and publications. Problems of digital society are studied by such Ukrainian scientists as O. Klepanchuk, O. Petryk, S. Lisovsky, S. Romanyuk, L. Rudenko (the emphasis – achieving by Ukraine the goals of sustainable development, where the development of the digital society is considered as one of the tools); issues of implementation of e-government and e-democracy are studied by A. Emelyanova, S. Loboyko, O. Maevska, A. Semenchenko, V. Dreshpak; research on the implementation of public policy in a particular area, including in the field of justice and the provision of administrative services, are among the research interests of Y. Starylov, J. Sobko, I. Markvych and others. Among foreign researchers, these issues are being investigated by C. Emmanuelli, N. Jain, N. Maechler, D. Malfara etc.&#x0D; Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem: the main contradictions, trends, problems and prospects for the provision of digital public services, based on the conditions created by the COVID-19 pandemic, namely – the application of quarantine restrictions; influence of digitalization on the public policy forming in Ukraine.&#x0D; Paper main body. The article analyzes the problems inherent in modern Ukrainian society in connection with the rapid digitalization processes, that have taken place over the past year. The influence of digitalization on the forming and implementation of public policy is considered on the example of the activity of the Ministry of justice of Ukraine. Based on the results of a survey of civil servants and local government officials conducted by the author, the main trends, problems and prospects for providing public services online are identified.&#x0D; 2020 turned out to be the crisis year for all mankind on the one hand, and on the other hand – it encouraged the rapid development of certain industries, including the field of digital transformation. In public administration, this has been embodied in promoting the use of digital services and governance platforms. In the direction of forming and implementation of justice state policy main efforts are aimed at building online interaction between citizens and the state, reducing the number of paper documents, more efficient administration of open state registers, ensuring control at each step of citizens' appeals, reducing corruption risks. minimization of the human factor in the processes of providing administrative services.&#x0D; The author conducted the survey among students of the Lviv Regional Institute for Public Administration of the National Academy for Public Administration under the President of Ukraine on the provision of administrative services online. 66 applicants from eight regions of Ukraine were involved in the survey. The question was asked: what hinders the development of administrative services online? Among the answers, the most common are (in order from most popular to least): low technical literacy of service consumers; technical unpreparedness of networks; unpreparedness of the citizens; unpreparedness of officials; insecurity of the information processed; lack of habit to use online; distrust to the state.&#x0D; Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Contradictions of the digital society development in Ukraine include: the digital divide (the gap in the level of digital equipment); technological unemployment; digital dependence and digital control; digital opportunities for crime; unlimited digital space and its content; the need for large-scale efforts and resources to address the digital space, and needs will only increase; unavailability of information created by bodies-not information managers; form of obtaining information, information is created or obtained in a form unsuitable for machine processing; method of information processing – non-interoperability of data sets from different managers.&#x0D; Among the factors that will determine digitalization processes on the public policy forming in Ukraine, we consider: increasing the technical literacy of service consumers; improving the technical readiness of networks; work with the population to promote the tools of consumption of administrative services online; training of officials to work in the digital space; taking measures to protect information held by the authorities; forming the habit of using online in the field of forming and implementation the public policy; increasing the level of trust to the state.

YOUTH INITIATIVES IN TOURISM IN THE ERA OF DIGITALIZATION AND PANDEMIC

The rapid digitalization of the economy since the early 2010s thanks to the rapid development of the mobile Internet and artificial intelligence was accelerated by the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, which caused catastrophic losses in international tourism in 2020. This article considers the perception of the tourist region by the young generation of the era of smartphones and social networks and sets objectives of adapting tourism in the world of VUCA – a world of instability, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity. The priority strategies of tourism development in the regions: the introduction of the unseen tourism management technologies and creation of the online platform of youth leisure, development of concepts modern use of historic buildings while preserving their historical authenticity and romantic atmosphere, organization of public spaces for the exchange of experiences between generations on the basis of mutuall interest and encouragement of projects engaging young people with disabilities. There is a need for long-term planning and the formation of a global system of universal values and human understanding of their place in the “new reality”. This vector of development will lead to a new level of humanity in the future 5–10 years.

How does the adoption of digital payment technologies influence unorganized retailers’ performance? An investigation in an emerging market

Unorganized retail dominates the retail landscape across emerging markets (EMs) and is undergoing rapid digitalization. However, the extant literature has not explored the impact of digital payment system adoption on unorganized retailer (UR) performance. By conducting three related studies and relying on the tenets of the resource-based view of firms, we show that digital payment technologies’ adoption increases economic performance (i.e., revenue) for a sample of 403 EM URs. This effect is enhanced by such retailers’ prioritization of technological investments and attenuated by their credit facilities. We find that card-based and app-based technologies positively impact UR performance. URs can maximize their performance by adopting two technologies, and there is a synergistic effect between card-based and account-based technologies. On average, adoption increases a UR’s economic performance by 9.6%. We present a nuanced understanding of whether, how much, and which digital payment technologies should be adopted by EM URs.

3D cross-linked graphene or/and MXene based nanomaterials for electromagnetic wave absorbing and shielding

With the rapid digitalization and technological advancements of the modern society, the seriously increasing electromagnetic pollution has created stronger demand for advanced electromagnetic wave shielding and absorbing materials in both civilian and military fields. Multifunctional materials with ultra-lightweight, wide bandwidth, highly flexible and robustness are the future development direction to meet the applications. Graphene and MXene, as two typical 2D nanomaterials, have attracted considerable interests for the electromagnetic wave shielding and absorbing materials. More importantly, three dimensional (3D) cross-linked graphene or/and MXene based materials, where graphene or/and MXene sheets are interconnected into a macroscopic monolithic bulk material, can achieve excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and microwave absorption (MA) performance, together with lightweight, exceptional mechanical properties and so on. This review addresses the construction methods of graphene and MXene based 3D cross-linked materials, and the effects of different fabrication methods toward the structure and EMI shielding and/or MA properties are discussed. Additionally, some perceptions and discussions are proposed for the future studies.