Temperature Range Research Articles

Dew points for hydrogen-rich (hydrogen + propane) and (hydrogen + n-butane) mixtures determined with a microwave re-entrant cavity resonator

Dew-point measurements were performed for hydrogen-rich binary mixtures with hydrocarbon mole fractions of 0.09995 C3H8, 0.1499 C3H8, 0.0513 n-C4H10, and 0.09888 n-C4H10 using a modified microwave re-entrant cavity apparatus. Isochoric measurements were conducted in the temperature range of (256 to 286) K with pressures up to 6.8 MPa and 2.0 MPa for mixtures containing propane and n-butane, respectively. The combined expanded uncertainties (k = 2) in dew-point temperature and pressure were estimated to be between (0.35 and 2.0) K and (0.0011 and 0.030) MPa. The agreement with predictions of the GERG-2008 equation of state is within 5.5%. However, better agreement with predicted values was achieved using a cubic equation recently developed in-house. Moreover, experiments with short- and long-term exposure of pressure sensors to hydrogen have shown that pressure measurement, and thus the uncertainty, can be affected; further investigation on this matter is therefore inevitable to improve hydrogen thermophysical property data.

Liquid thermophysical properties of Ag-Si alloy based on deep learning potential

The knowledge of the thermophysical properties of liquid metals and alloys is essential for expanding the materials database and designing materials with good properties. In this work, we developed an interatomic potential using a deep neural network (DNN) algorithm for liquid Ag-Si alloys. Compared with ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) results, the DNN potential provided a good description of the information of energy, force, and structure features of the system in the simulated temperature range. Through this potential, we can obtain the thermophysical properties of different compositions of liquid alloys by simulation way. The computed thermophysical properties are in excellent agreement with the reported experimental data. The analysis of local structure indicates that the liquid ordering and stability strengthen upon cooling at the atomic level, eventually leading to an increase in thermophysical properties.

In situ study of atomic clustering in Fe-19 Ga type alloy

The results of high-precision electro-resistivity measurements, ρ(T), for Fe-18.5%Ga alloy over a wide temperature range are presented. An anomaly in the ρ(T) temperature behavior is detected and it is proved that it correlates well with the change in the unit cell lattice parameter of the alloy and with the results obtained from measuring magnetization, dilatometry and positron annihilation. From the neutron diffraction data, it follows that the detected anomaly is associated with the formation of a cluster-like microstructure of the alloy: in the structurally disordered A2 matrix, regions with partially ordered D03 phase are formed. Interpretation of this non-monotonic behaviour of ρ(T) is discussed.

Fabrication of organogel strain sensor with self-healing property and extreme temperature tolerance by using phytic acid-liquid metal as initiator

Wearable strain sensors have aroused myriad of interest in the domain of electronic skin, soft robotics, and biomedicine. Organogels for wearable strain sensors require desirable stretchability, sensing stability, self-healing property, and a wide working temperature range. However, the synthesis of such organogels typically involves complex and time-consuming processes. Herein, we proposed a rapid copolymerization method for organogels composed of poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylic amide) (P(AA-co-AM)), phytic acid (PA), liquid metal (LM), and polyethylene oxide (PEO). The dispersion of GaInSn in PA solution (GaInSn-PA) was synthesized and employed to initiate the copolymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and acrylic amide (AM), which significantly reduced polymerization time to 2–3 min at room temperature. The release of Ga3+ ions from the LM facilitated cross-linking of P(AA-co-AM) chains through coordination bonds, while also imparted conductivity to the organogel. The synergistic effect between hydrogen bonds and metal coordination bonds extensive within the polymer chains imparted exceptional stretchability (1079 % strain) and self-healing efficiency (98 % at 60 °C) to the organogel. Consequently, the resulting strain sensor demonstrated the ability to accurately monitor both subtle and large human motion, exhibiting remarkable repeatability and durability across a wide temperature range (-20 °C∼40 °C). In addition, the integration of strain sensors on limbs for robotic control through limb movements underscored its practical viability. This optimized fabrication approach and structural design strategy set a new precedent for the development of organogel strain sensors in various applications.

Dielectric Response of ZnO/PMMA Nanocomposites with Atmospheric Pressure Plasma-Modified Surfaces.

In this work, the effect of etching the surface of polymer matrix nanocomposites with atmospheric pressure plasma targeting to achieve enhanced dielectric properties was investigated. Polymer nanocomposites, with varying reinforcing phase content, were modified by atmospheric-pressure plasma resulting in an increase in the surface filler's concentration. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) matrix nanocomposites reinforced with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were prepared and dielectrically studied as a function of the nanoparticle content and the plasma modified surfaces. The electrical response of the composite systems was studied by means of Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy (BDS) over a wide range of temperatures and frequencies. The dielectric permittivity increased with the embedded phase content and with plasma surface treatment. Energy density followed the same trend as dielectric permittivity, and the plasma-treated nanocomposite with the higher ZnO content exhibited approximately 27% higher energy density compared to the unreinforced matrix.

Structural effects on heat capacity, moisture absorption and thermal expansion of epoxy-novolac polymers

Today epoxy novolac resins are of great interest for the aerospace industry. Thermal properties of the polymer matrix, as well as the effect of moisture on the characteristics of polymer composite materials (PCM) under thermomechanical impacts, are critical tasks in creating dimensionally stable structures operating in a wide temperature range. Particularly, thermal and moisture expansion as well as heat capacity are important parameters for evaluating of polymer matrices and modeling their properties. In this work, polymers based on a number of epoxy novolac resins with aromatic amine hardener were studied. The values of the crosslink density were experimentally determined, and a comparative analysis of thermal expansion and heat capacity for epoxy polymers with different crosslink density was carried out. The dependence of thermophysical properties on polymer crosslinking density is shown, both in glass and highly elastic states. Additionally, this study analyzes the process of water sorption by polymers and the coefficient of moisture expansion. The most significant dependence of the diffusion coefficient was observed with coefficient of moisture expansion.

Contrasting Magnetic Characteristics of Disordered Nd0.5Ba0.5Mn0.5Fe0.5O3-δ/2 and 112-Type Ordered NdBaMnFeO6-δ Perovskites.

The magnetic properties of disordered Nd0.5Ba0.5Mn0.5Fe0.5O3-δ/2 and ordered NdBaMnFeO6-δ perovskites were investigated through temperature- and field-dependent DC-magnetization measurements. The temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibilities revealed that antiferromagnetic ordering occurs at temperatures below 185 K for the disordered Nd0.5Ba0.5Mn0.5Fe0.5O3-δ/2 sample, whereas the ordered NdBaMnFeO6-δ perovskite exhibited a paramagnetic state throughout the entire temperature range examined. Notably, the disordered sample exhibited a glassy state, even at room temperature, which transformed into an antiferromagnetic state under higher applied magnetic fields. The magnetic ordering in the disordered Nd0.5Ba0.5Mn0.5Fe0.5O3-δ/2 perovskite and the magnetic-disordering state in the structurally ordered NdBaMnFeO6-δ perovskite could be attributed to the alteration of the oxidation state of Mn.

Vat photopolymerization of olefinic elastomers from sulfonated ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) latexes

Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer (EPDM) rubber is recognized for elasticity over a wide temperature range and exceptional resistance to UV light and oxidative degradation. In this study, sulfonated EPDM (sEPDM) latex serves as an innovative platform for 3D printing olefinic elastomers through vat photopolymerization (VPP). The sulfonation of EPDM and subsequent neutralization with potassium hydroxide enabled the production of water-dispersible sEPDM (K-sEPDM), yielding a stable latex with an average particle diameter of 125 nm. The inherent low viscosity of the latexes allowed the direct application of elastomeric polymers during the VPP process. The photopolymerization of a scaffold precursor composition, which consisted of n-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) in the aqueous phase of K-sEPDM latex, solidified the latex as a particle embedded hydrogel. Post-processing for removing water from the 3D printed green body facilitated coalescence of the K-sEPDM particles throughout the scaffold network, generating a second ionically crosslinked network together with scaffold as an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN). Tensile testing demonstrated tunable elastomeric properties with an ultimate strain from 315±11–453±37 % and ultimate stress from 7.6±0.5–8.2±0.3 MPa with excellent thermal recoverability. VPP of photocurable K-sEPDM with a commercial printer showcased high-resolution printing capabilities with controllable isotropic shrinkage for the printing of olefinic elastomers.

Phase Transformation and Mechanical Optimization of Eggshell-Derived Hydroxyapatite across a Wide Sintering Temperature Range.

Calcium phosphate, particularly hydroxyapatite (HA), bears a close resemblance to human bones, rendering it a prevalent material in biomedical applications. This study focuses on the successful preparation of HA using a precipitation method with eggshell as a raw material. Subsequently, the HA powder was press-formed and sintered at various temperatures to investigate the impact of sintering temperature on the mechanical properties, including hardness, compressive strength, and fracture toughness, of the sintered HA samples (E-HA). Statistical analyses, including one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test, were conducted to determine significant differences in these properties at different sintering temperatures. Experimental findings revealed that as the sintering temperature increased, HA partially transformed into β-TCP between 800 and 1300 °C, with α-TCP observed at 1400 °C. The elimination of pores led to an increase in relative density, with a maximum relative density of 94.5% achieved at 1200 and 1300 °C. E-HA sintered at 1200 °C exhibited the highest hardness (5.08 GPa), compressive strength (255.79 MPa), and fracture toughness (1.21 MPa·m0.5). However, at 1400 °C, a slight decrease in apparent density (2.90 g/cm3) was noted due to the presence of α-TCP, along with significant grain growth. This study's objective is clearly aligned with the study design, incorporating detailed statistical analyses to validate the findings. Furthermore, bacterial culture experiments were conducted using sintered E-HA, Chem-HA (HA synthesized from reagent-grade calcium carbonate), and Comm-HA (commercial HA). Streptococcus mutans was cultured on the surfaces of sintered E-HA, Chem-HA, and Comm-HA samples for 20 h. After culturing, the OD values for all samples were below 0.2, indicating significant antibacterial efficacy. The comparable OD values and bacterial counts (p > 0.05) suggest that the source of HA does not impact its antibacterial properties. This underscores the potential of eggshell-derived HA as an effective material for biomedical applications.

Petrology, phase equilibria modelling, and fluid inclusion study of mafic granulites from Bhavani Suture Zone, Southern India

We report new petrology, mineral chemistry, P–T conditions, and fluid inclusion data on mafic granulites from the Mettupalayam region along the Bhavani Suture Zone, Southern Granulite Terrane, India. Phase equilibria modelling of mafic granulites yielded peak P–T conditions of 780–860 °C and 7.6–10.1 kbar followed by a near isothermal decompression along a clockwise P–T path. The trapped fluid inclusions in the peak metamorphic minerals display a melting temperature range from −57.4 °C to −56.6 °C, close to the triple-point temperature of pure CO2. The primary inclusions homogenized at −18.9 °C to +0.2 °C, corresponding to density values of 0.93–1.03 g/cm3. Homogenization of the secondary inclusions occurred within the range from −6.3 to +18.1 °C, corresponding to low CO2 densities of 0.79–0.96 g/cm3. From the textural characteristics of the high-density primary carbonic fluid inclusions, we interpret these inclusions as the CO2-rich syn-metamorphic fluid present during the high-grade metamorphism. The secondary fluids characterised by lower densities have undergone re-equilibration during the exhumation stage (decompression) from the peak granulite-facies metamorphism along a clockwise P–T trajectory. This interpretation is consistent with the occurrence of hornblende + plagioclase symplectite around the porphyroblastic garnet, suggesting decompression. We infer that the high-density CO2 was the dominant syn-metamorphic fluid components present during the granulite-facies metamorphism in the Mettupalayam region. Such carbonic fluids, possibly derived by degassing from carbonates or mantle sources, probably played a significant role in stabilizing high-grade mineral assemblages along this collisional suture zone.

Crystal plasticity analysis of tensile plastic behavior and damage mechanisms of additive manufactured TiAl alloy under elevated temperatures

A crystal plasticity model based on Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) experimental data has been developed to simulate the tensile behavior of additively manufactured TiAl alloys at various temperatures. To accurately capture the activity of different slip systems and their contribution to the material's plasticity, multiple slip systems across different phases are considered. The validity of the model is verified by comparing the simulation results, such as microscopic properties, with experimental and test data. Additionally, a continuous damage model is incorporated to analyze the damage behavior of additively manufactured TiAl alloys at different temperatures. Compared to experimental data, the crystal plasticity model incorporating damage effectively simulates the tensile failure behavior of TiAl alloys across a range of temperatures.

Exploring the synthesis methodology and abnormal thermomagnetic properties of water-quenched alloys with antiperovskite Mn4C phase

We have devised a highly efficient methodology for the synthesis of high-purity Mn4C, involving arc-melting, subsequent homogenization, and water-quenching steps. This approach overcomes previous constraints associated with limited batch sizes and low purity, enabling the fabrication of substantially larger quantities. In pursuit of achieving the high-purity Mn4C phase, we conducted optimization studies on the stoichiometry of Mn/C in the raw materials, as well as on the homogenization temperature and time. Through this optimization process, we successfully produced highly pure Mn4C ingots by subjecting Mn4.7C alloys to homogenization at temperatures ranging from 1050 to 1200 ℃ for 5 hours, followed by rapid water quenching. The utilization of water quenching served to stabilize the Mn4C phase formed at high temperatures during the homogenization process, thus preventing its transformation into undesired low-temperature phases. The magnetic and physical properties of the samples with highly pure Mn4C phase, quenched from various temperatures, were investigated, revealing subtly distinct characteristics. The pure Mn4C sample obtained by quenching from 1100 °C exhibited a Néel temperature of approximately 950 K, a saturation magnetization of 8.4 Am2/kg, and a positive temperature coefficient (α) of magnetization of 0.0113 Am2/kg·K, respectively. Notably, the abnormal augmentation of thermomagnetic properties over a wide temperature range, from 5 to approximately 650 K, underscores the potential of high-purity Mn4C as a promising candidate for devices where the thermal stability of magnetic properties is of paramount importance.

Negative thermal expansion in hexagonal VF3 predicted by first-principles calculation

Abstract Searching negative thermal expansion (NTE) materials is challenging. Herein, hexagonal VF3 is predicted as a new NTE material for the first time. VF3 displays NTE property in the temperature range from 0 to 380 K, and the minimum NTE coefficient(α) is approximately −4.68 × 10−6 K−1 at 120 K. The NTE mechanism was ascribed to the vibrations of F atom with larger atomic displacement parameters, which dominates the negative Grüneisen parameters. The difference of minimum NTE coefficient between VF3 and TiF3 might be caused by their different chemical bond strength between Ti–F and V–F. This research provides a deeper understanding between NTE and crystal structure.

Aqueous Phase Hydrogenation of 4-(2-Furyl)-3-buten-2-one over Different Re Phases.

4-(2-furyl)-3-buten-2-one (FAc) is obtained by aldol condensation of furfural and acetone and has been used in hydrodeoxygenation reactions to obtain fuel products using noble metal catalysts. The hydrogenation of FAc in the aqueous phase using metallic- and Re oxide-supported catalysts on graphite was studied, within a temperature range of 200-240 °C, in a batch reactor over a 6 h reaction period. The catalysts were characterized using N2 adsorption-desorption, TPR-H2, TPD-NH3, XRD, and XPS analyses. Catalytic reactions revealed that metallic rhenium and rhenium oxide-supported catalysts are active for the hydrogenation and Piancatelli rearrangement of FAc. Notably, metallic rhenium exhibited a fourfold higher initial rate than rhenium oxide, which was attributed to the higher dispersion of Re in the Re/G catalyst over graphite. Re/G and ReOx/G catalysts tended to rearrange and hydrogenate FAc to 2-(2-oxopropyl)cyclopenta-1-one in water.

Experimental study on supercooling performance optimization of sodium acetate trihydrate phase change energy storage materials

In response to the pressing demands for sustainable energy, the development of efficient energy storage materials and technologies has emerged as a focal point in contemporary research. Sodium acetate trihydrate (CH3COONa·3H2O, SAT), recognized for its potential as a mid-to-low temperature phase change material (PCM) in energy storage systems, encounters significant limitations due to its substantial supercooling effect and inferior thermal conductivity. Traditional approaches to enhance SAT's thermal performance often involve costly additives, which hinder their adoption on an industrial scale. This study introduces SAT as a base compound, and through a fusion blending method, binary eutectic hydrate salt composites (CPCMs) are synthesized with either sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na2SO4·10H2O, SSD) or disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate (Na2HPO4·12H2O, DHPD) in varying ratios. The results demonstrate that the prepared eutectic hydrates effectively reduce the supercooling degree of pure SAT from above 35 °C to below 10 °C, with the SAT/SSD-5/5 composition exhibiting the lowest supercooling at 3.17 °C. Notably, these eutectic blends possess appreciable latent heat capacities, with SAT/SSD-9/1 delivering 196.18 J/g, and exhibit improved thermal conductivity, as seen in SAT/SSD-3/7 with a coefficient of 0.8925 W/(m·K). Furthermore, the SAT-based eutectic hydrates are devoid of expensive additives, facile to manufacture, and applicable over a broad temperature range (20–60 °C), making them highly suitable for large-scale commercial applications.

An experimental study of surrogates of diesel from indirect coal liquefaction and the development of an improved kinetic mechanism

The increasing energy shortage and environmental pollution make the use of clean and efficient alternative fuels an effective way to solve the emission problem. Diesel from indirect coal liquefied (DICL) is a clean and efficient alternative fuel for diesel engines. The composition and chemical kinetics mechanism of DICL research contributes to a better understanding of combustion and pollutant formation process. The components of DICL were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The proportion of normal alkanes contained in DICL is particularly high, 93.82%, which proves that its reactivity is particularly good. The mixture of n-dodecane and iso-octane was selected as the surrogates of DICL. The oxidation process of DICL surrogates was examined by a jet-stirred reactor (JSR) over the temperature range of 500–890 K. A detailed kinetic mechanism of surrogates encompassing 1356 species and 6008 reactions was constructed. The critical reactions associated with the reactivity of surrogates were adjusted by the sensitivity analysis method to increase the accuracy of mechanism prediction. The predicted value of the improved mechanism is in good agreement with the experimental value. The improved mechanism can reasonably predict the oxidation process and the ignition characteristics of DICL and the improved mechanism can provide a good reference value for the subsequent analysis of combustion and emission problems of DICL. Abbreviations: C/H, C/H ratio; CN, cetane number; DDCL, direct coal liquefy diesel; DICL, Diesel from indirect coal liquefied; GC-MS, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; HMN, 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane; HXN, n-hexadecane; IDT, ignition delay time; JSR, jet-stirred reactor; LHV, low heating value; LLNL, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; NSRL, National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory; NTC, negative temperature coefficient; PICS, photoionization cross section; PRF, gasoline substitute; PSR, perfectly stirred reactor; SVUV-PIMS, Synchrotron VUV photoionization mass spectrometry; TOF-MS, time-of-flight mass spectrometer

Unveiling intricate foam behaviors and dynamic instabilities in a two-phase natural circulation loop with seawater

The use of seawater as an alternative emergency coolant in a nuclear power plant presents great potential to enhance the nuclear safety. The present study investigates the dynamic instabilities during the startup experiments of a natural circulation loop with seawater through synchronization of two-phase flow visualization and measurements of transient fluid flow parameters. The results reveal that in seawater the pressure drop oscillations (PDO) with nature of low-frequency pulse-type loop flow occurs at the modified heat flux of 531.56–654.80 kW/m2. On the other hand, the density wave oscillations (DWO) characterized by high-frequency oscillatory flow prevails at higher modified heat flux of 654.80–1844.46 kW/m2. For the loop with seawater, the flow patterns in the riser may evolve from dispersed bubbly flow, foam flow, foam and short slug flow due to the flashing effects, and foam and long slug flow periodically. The image analysis reveals that the foam fraction may decline from 75% to 52.2%, while the flow pattern transforms from the stage II (foam and cape bubbly flow) to III (foam and long slug flow). On the other hand, the flow pattern may evolve from bubbly flow, cap bubbly flow, turbulent slug flow, and long slug flow in de-ionized water. For DWO, the oscillatory frequency is found to be inlet temperature dependent. Interestingly, both fluids demonstrate identical frequencies of 0.06 Hz, 0.14 Hz, and 0.09 Hz, respectively, corresponding to the inlet temperature range of 40–52 °C, 52–65 °C, and 65–75 °C, despite significantly different evolution of two-phase flow patterns. Indeed, the density wave travels at the same speed through the loop operating at the same power for both seawater and de-ionized water, as the buoyancy force is the primary driving force for the present study. These findings contribute significantly to the better understanding of related industrial processes using seawater as the working fluid.

Heat pump assisted sorption carbon capture with steam condenser heat recovery in a decarbonised coal-fired power plant

More than 50% energy input of coal-fired power plant is lost in the condensation of steam turbine in a temperature range of 30–35 ℃. Carbon capture technology has a negative influence on power generation efficiency of coal-fired power plant. Thus, it is essential to find an efficient method for waste heat recovery and increase the overall energy efficiency in coal-fired power plant with carbon capture. A novel integrated system including absorption heat pump and adsorption carbon capture based on coal-fired power plant is then presented. Waste heat from steam condenser is recovered by absorption heat pumps driven by steam extracted from low pressure steam turbine. The output hot medium from the absorption heat pumps is further heated to desorption temperature for the regeneration process of adsorbents by the extracted steam. The results show that heat penalty increases with the increase of the desorption temperature, and the heat recovery amount has an opposite trend. Compared with the conventional coal-fired power plant, thermal efficiency of the integrated system increases by 0.854%. The efficiency decrease of the compression work accounts for over a half of the total efficiency decrease due to the compression and the capture process. External heat recovery is applied in flue gas and the multi-compression process, and the thermal efficiency increase can be improved to 1.453% when compared with 0.725% of the system without external heat recovery. It proves that absorption heat pump could play a significant role in the energy saving of adsorption carbon capture system.

Effect of elemental composition and phase transformation on lithium leaching behavior of micas in calcination-acid leaching process

Lithium (Li)-bearing clays have emerged as new types of Li resources. The structure and elemental composition of clay minerals play a crucial role in determining the Li leaching efficiency. The elemental composition and structural transformation of Li-bearing mica from Inner Mongolia (IMS) and Jiangxi (JS), China, were studied during the calcination-leaching process by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and electron microprobe analysis (EMPA). The findings indicate that Mica is the predominant Li-bearing mineral in both IMS and JS. Notably, the IMS mica contains a significantly higher concentration of fluorine compared to the JS mica. Fluorine exerts a minor inhibitory effect on Li leaching, whereas the hydroxyl group (OH) significantly inhibits the leaching of Li from mica. The removal of residual oxygen atoms post-dehydroxylation is crucial to extract Li from mica. Both defluorination and dehydroxylation reactions occur within the temperature range of 800 °C to 900 °C. When calcined at 900 °C, the IMS mica was transformed into sanidine, while the JS mica was transformed into microcline. The acid leaching of products calcined at this temperature represents a process that further disrupts the residual mica structure and facilitates a cation exchange reaction.

Scalable polyolefin-based all-organic dielectrics with superior high-temperature capacitive energy storage performance

Polymer dielectrics capable of efficient and stable operation at elevated temperatures (>150 °C) are urgently needed to meet the stringent requirements of capacitive energy storage in harsh environments. However, the current leading commercially available polymer dielectric, biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP), can only sustain continuous operation at temperatures below 85 °C due to its limited thermal stability and significant increase in electrical conduction at high temperatures. Here, we present an all-organic polymer composite comprising nonpolar polyolefin and organic semiconductor that demonstrates superior dielectric and capacitive energy storage performance at 150 °C. Notably, the dielectric properties of the polymer composite remain stable across a broad temperature range, exhibiting an ultralow dissipation factor at elevated temperatures. Benefiting from the deep trap energy levels introduced by the organic semiconductor, the composite film achieves one order of magnitude reduction in electrical conductivity. As a result, the composite film attains discharged energy densities of 7.1 J/cm3 and 5.5 J/cm3 with a charge-discharge efficiency of 90 % at 25 °C and 150 °C, respectively. Furthermore, the composite film maintains stable capacitive performance over extended charge-discharge cycles (50,000 cycles) in harsh environments (500 MV/m and 150 °C), along with excellent breakdown self-healing capability. These remarkable performances, coupled with the potential for large-scale production using commercially available raw materials, highlight the practically viability of the composite film for high-temperature capacitive energy storage applications.