Acceptable Range Research Articles

A Brief Meta-analysis and Health Risk Assessment of Lead and Cadmium in Meat, Liver, and Kidney of Livestock in Iran

Background: Red meat from livestock is an excellent source of high-quality protein, vitamins, and minerals Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the levels of two of the most toxic heavy metals; lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in meat and edible offal (liver and kidney) of livestock (sheep, buffalo, and cow) in Iran with assessing their health risk of developing cancer. Methods: A systematic search was conducted covering ISI Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Finally, data from 4 articles including 624 samples were analysed. Results: Pooled results show that the mean concentrations of Pb and Cd were 0.18 mg/kg and 0.13 mg/kg respectively which were both higher than their eligible maximum limits by FAO/WHO. The Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) of Pb and Cd in meat, liver, and kidney for adults and children was lower than the Total Daily Intake (TDI) limits. The consumers' non-carcinogenic risk (THQ) for meat consumption was generally safe in terms of Cd and Pb in all cities except for Pb in Hamadan which was greater than one (unsafe) for both adults and children. Carcinogenic Risk (CR) for meat consumption was generally safe or within the acceptable range in terms of Cd and Pb in all cities except for Pb in Hamadan which had a Pb-CR greater than safe/permissible level for children. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the dangerous levels of CR and THQ of meat in terms of Pb in Hamadan warrant concern and further study.

Synthesis, and In-silico Studies of Indole-chalcone Derivatives Targeting Estrogen Receptor Alpha (ER-α) for Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer is the prominent reason of death in women worldwide, and the cases are increasing day by day. There are many FDA-approved drugs for treating breast cancer. Due to drug resistance, and problems in selectivity, there is a need to develop more effective agents with few side effects. Indole derivatives have demonstrated significant pharmacological potential as anti-breast cancer agents. Further, chalcone derivatives incorporating heterocyclic scaffolds play a significant role in medicine. Indole-chalcone-based compounds offer the potential for improved biological activity and enhanced drug-like properties. It prompted us to explore the synthesis of Indole-Chalcone derivatives targeting estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α) to discover potent anti-breast cancer agents. To synthesize indole-chalcone derivatives and study their binding interactions for ER-α protein by molecular docking for breast cancer treatment. In this study, indole-chalcone derivatives have been synthesized using conventional heating. With the help of Schrodinger software, molecular interaction as well as ADME (Adsorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion) studies of the compounds were conducted. Among all the synthesized compounds, four compounds (1, 2, 3, and 4) showed better docking scores (-10.24 kcal/mol, -10.15 kcal/mol, -9.40 kcal/mol, -9.29 kcal/mol, respectively) than the standard tamoxifen (-8.43 kcal/mol). From In-silico studies, we can conclude that four compounds from the synthesized series fit into the active site of ER-α. ADME properties of synthesized derivatives were found in the acceptable range. In the future, these compounds can be further explored for biological activity.

Application of the thermoelectric cooling system in making a cooling belt: A case of heat stress control measure device.

Climate change and global warming are emerging as new challenges worldwide. The World Meteorological Organization has reported that the temperature is expected to rise by an average of 1.2°C between 2021-2025. This increase in temperature will expose more and more workers to extreme heat. This study aimed to explore the possibility of using thermoelectric coolers for cooling the water circulation circuit of a cooling belt, which can be used for extended periods in high-temperature environments. A cooling belt was designed using thermoelectric coolers (TEC) and two blowers. The TECs were equipped with heat sinks and heat exchange block made of aluminum at hot and cold sides to exchange heat effectively. The experiment was conducted under actual environmental temperature conditions during three different time periods, with mean temperatures of 31, 48, and 41°C. The mean temperature of the belt section was recorded as 20.73, 24.52, and 21.38°C, respectively. The maximum average difference between the inlet air temperature and the inside cooling belt temperature was 40.45°C. The experiment revealed that the cooling performance of the designed prototype remained within an acceptable range (18°C) despite the increase in ambient temperature. Moreover, the cooling system can be utilized in high-heat environments to reduce thermal stress.

Haptics Vs Typodonts for Crown Preparation in Undergraduate Dental Student Education.

This study aims to compare students' subjective perceptions and objective results by comparing two methods of crown preparation: typodonts and haptics. Fifty-four second-year students were given instructions on crown preparation for the upper right second premolar. First on typodonts and then with haptics. They were given five minutes to familiarize with the artificial environment and then thirty minutes for the actual preparation. Finally, they completed a questionnaire about their experience. Their preparations were objectively compared by measuring the angle of total occlusal convergence-TOC on the typodonts and with haptics. Students reported that haptics can enhance the learning process and that they would use them for skill training in the future. Overall, their experience was rated as positive. The TOC of teeth prepared with haptics was significantly higher than those prepared with typodonts, but all values were within the acceptable range. Although students did not prefer haptics to typodonts, haptics appear to be a powerful tool in the educational process because it can be a complementary option to traditional methods at the preclinical level.

Nanoemulsion based in-situ Gel for Ocular Delivery of Brimonidine Tartrate

Background: Brimonidine tartrate is currently used to treat glaucoma; however, conventional ocular formulations have some disadvantages in terms of treating disorders like glaucoma, as less than 5% of the drug reaches a posterior segment of the eye; hence, there is a need for sustained treatment. Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a self-nanoemulsion (SNEDDS) in-situ gel of brimonidine tartrate to investigate the sustained-release effect to improve ocular bioavailability. Method: Oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant were screened using the pseudo-ternary phase diagram (TPD) by aqueous-titration method based on the drug solubility. Nanoemulsions were evaluated for the pH, viscosity, % drug content, % transmittance, dispersibility, particle size, zeta-potential, TEM, and conductivity test. Nanoemulsion was incorporated into in-situ gel and evaluated for gelling capacity, pourability, gel strength, in vitro drug release study, and drug release kinetics. Result: Castor oil (10%) as oil phase, Acrysol K-140 (10%) as surfactant, and PEG 400 (20%) as cosurfactant were selected in preparation of SNEDDS from TPD. Evaluation parameters of SNEDDS were found in an acceptable range. % Drug release showed the controlled release up to 8 hrs. Optimum % drug content and % CDR were 100.25% and 92.46% after 12hrs, respectively. Optimized SNEDDS in-situ gel followed the Higuchi model via diffusion mechanism having 0.99 R² value and exhibiting sustained release up to 12 hr. Stability study proved no significant changes during storage. In vitro, the ocular irritancy test proved suitable for ocular delivery. Conclusion: A sustained-release formulation was obtained by developing brimonidine tartrate SNEDDS in-situ gel as a stable formulation without irritancy during ocular administration.

BiRD: Using Bidirectional Rotation Gain Differences to Redirect Users during Back-and-forth Head Turns in Walking.

Redirected walking (RDW) facilitates user navigation within expansive virtual spaces despite the constraints of limited physical spaces. It employs discrepancies between human visual-proprioceptive sensations, known as gains, to enable the remapping of virtual and physical environments. In this paper, we explore how to apply rotation gain while the user is walking. We propose to apply a rotation gain to let the user rotate by a different angle when reciprocating from a previous head rotation, to achieve the aim of steering the user to a desired direction. To apply the gains imperceptibly based on such a Bidirectional Rotation gain Difference (BiRD), we conduct both measurement and verification experiments on the detection thresholds of the rotation gain for reciprocating head rotations during walking. Unlike previous rotation gains which are measured when users are turning around in place (standing or sitting), BiRD is measured during users' walking. Our study offers a critical assessment of the acceptable range of rotational mapping differences for different rotational orientations across the user's walking experience, contributing to an effective tool for redirecting users in virtual environments.

Novel Adaptive Control for Flexible-Joint Robots With Unknown Measurement Sensitivity

For the existing tracking control schemes of flexible-joint robots, precise sensor measurement is an implicit premise. However, idealized sensors are difficult to achieve due to manufacturing technology or other external factors. To this end, this paper further investigates the tracking control problem for flexible-joint robots with unknown measurement sensitivity. Specifically, for such multi-input multi-output Euler-Lagrange systems with completely unknown system dynamics, a novel measurement values-based adaptive control method is proposed by fusing sensitivity information and system variables into Lyapunov function candidates, where the restriction on system states in other the approximation lemma-based results is removed, since unknown nonlinearities are scaled by the structural characteristics of system variables. Above all, even if there are measurement errors, satisfactory tracking performance can be obtained by adjusting the design parameters, which is proved by rigorous theoretical analysis. Finally, hardware experiments further verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Note to Practitioners</i> —This work is motivated by the trajectory tracking control problem for flexible-joint robots under imprecise sensor measurements. Due to manufacturing technology limitations and component aging, there is inevitably a deviation between the measured values of sensors and real values, and this problem may become more prominent as the working environment of flexible-joint robots tends to become more complex. To our knowledge, most of the existing solutions for flexible-joint robots are developed based on precise sensor measurements, and they may fail to achieve satisfactory performance when real state information is not available. Moreover, the prior knowledge about model parameters and measurement sensitivity is difficult or impossible to exactly obtain in practice, which seriously hinders the further application of control methods that are dependent on system dynamics. To this end, this paper proposes a novel tracking control scheme based on measurement information for flexible-joint robots with unknown measurement sensitivity, where the dependence on model information is eliminated with the elaborately constructed Lyapunov function candidates, and the real tracking error is still adjusted to an acceptable range even if there are measurement errors. Preliminary experiments on a flexible-joint robot developed by Quanser company demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. In future studies, designing an effective scheme to achieve direct preset tracking control is the focus of the work.

Physicochemical and bacteriological assessment of the polyethene packaged sachet water (popularly called “pure water”) as a major source of drinking water in Sagamu, Ogun State, Southwest, Nigeria

This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics of polyethylene-packaged sachet water, commonly known as "pure water," produced and distributed in the Sagamu local government area of Ogun State, Southwest Nigeria. The research involved analyzing sachet water samples from various producers, sources, and distributors to assess their quality. Samples were collected randomly from six different locations/towns within Sagamu Local Government and subjected to physicochemical and bacteriological analysis. The findings were compared with the permissible limits established by reputable organizations such as WHO, EPA, Canada, and NIS. The results indicated that most parameters fell within the acceptable range set by WHO, EPA, Canada, and NIS. However, the pH levels of the sachet water samples (ranging from 4.73 to 6.10) were found to be acidic, deviating from the expected range of 6.5 to 10.5. Additionally, while the Total Heterotrophic Bacteria count and Enteric Bacteria count were slightly lower than the permissible limits, with Total Enteric Bacteria ranging from 300 to 480 cfu/100ml (permissible limit &lt;500cfu/100ml) and Enteric Bacteria ranging from 280 to 380 cfu/100ml. Recommendations derived from the study include advocating for water-producing industries to establish their raw water sources in contamination-free zones, encouraging the involvement of well-equipped private and government hospitals in monitoring and reporting on the water quality of packaging industries, promoting the provision of safe piped water by credible individuals within communities, and emphasizing the role of regulatory bodies like SON and NAFDAC in continuously assessing the production and packaging standards of drinking water across communities.

Improved post-radiation behavior of FinFET based CMOS with workfunction modulated gate

The total ionizing dose (TID) effect of modulated gate workfunction (MGW) FinFET based CMOS inverter is designed and analyzed. The post radiation analysis of the voltage transfer characteristics, noise margin and propagation delay are demonstrated. The incorporation workfunction modulation engineering enhances the OFF-state performance, and maintains positive threshold voltage for both the pre and post radiation condition. 2-decade improvement is noticed for the both n-FinFET and p-FinFET. In addition, the proposed technique offers minimum propagation delay time and acceptable noise margin range even after 2000 krad of radiation dose. The analysis and comparison of the results is done by the 3-D TCAD simulator.

Abstract 2888: Sensitization of radiation resistant colon cancer - The oxygenated microbubble hydrogel approach

Abstract Background: Hypoxia, a state of reduced oxygen that develops within the tumor due to its irregular vasculature, could result in treatment resistance. Mounting evidence suggests that reoxygenation of the tumor could improve outcomes of conventional cancer therapies. Our approach combats hypoxia using oxygenated lipid microbubbles (OMB) loaded in a temperature sensitive gel. The OMB would carry the oxygen while the gel would sustain its release into the tumor microenvironment. Objectives: To formulate an oxygen loaded MB dispersed in a temperature sensitive poloxamer hydrogel for intratumoral administration. Methods: OMB were generated by first preparing a liposomal mixture DSPC:DSPE-PEG2000, which was dispersed in a thermosensitive poloxamer hydrogel (P407:P188). This was pressurized with oxygen and vortexed in a gas-tight vial. Characterizations included OMB size distribution, injectability, thermosensitivity, oxygen loading and release, and the impact of the formulation on efficacy of radiotherapy against a colon cancer cell line (HCT116) was evaluated. Results: DSPC:DSPE-PEG2000 liposomes at a molar ratio of 94:6 dispersed in P407:P188 (21:6.5 %w/w) generated OMB with a size distribution in the acceptable range of 0.8-8 µm. Formulations were within the established limits of injectability (F&amp;lt;38N) at room temperature, and gelled near physiological temperatures enabling a sustained release of oxygen.. The formulation co-treatment enhanced radiotherapy significantly as evidenced by the remarkable reductions of clonogenic survival rates in both hypoxic and normoxic HCT116 cells (reduction by 78% vs 68% compared to just their respective radiated controls; p&amp;lt;0.0001 for both cases). Conclusion: Reoxygenation with a newly developed OMB hydrogel formulation effectively sensitized HCT116 to radiotherapy in vitro. Studies are underway to explore the importance of reoxygenation rate and extent for optimal tumor sensitization. Citation Format: Ashok David Jose, Celine Hui-Ning Chong, Jagdish Jaiswal, Zimei Wu, Sachin Sunil Thakur. Sensitization of radiation resistant colon cancer - The oxygenated microbubble hydrogel approach [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 2888.

Physico-Chemical Quality Assessment of Ground Water in Kathmandu Valley and Siraha District

A key element in maintaining human health is the quality of drinking water which is a vital component of natural resources. This study was conducted to assess the ground water quality in the Kathmandu Valley and Siraha district from October 2022 to March 2023 in the Water Engineering and Training Centre, Ratopul, Kathmandu. A total of 123 water samples were collected from various wells and borings around the Kathmandu Valley and Siraha district and were subjected to physicochemical investigation following the standard techniques for water sample collection and analyzed by methods as described in the American Public Health Association (1998). The pH, conductivity, turbidity, ammonia concentration, and iron content were found to exceed National Drinking Water Quality Standard guidelines value in 21.95%, 3.25 %, 53.65 %, 47.15 %, and 18.7 % of total water samples respectively. All water samples had total hardness and chloride levels within the acceptable range. The arsenic content of all samples except one well water sample from Siraha was found within a permissible level. The findings suggest that water quality is not satisfactory, which could lead to various water-borne illnesses. Therefore, proper water purification techniques should be used before consumption.

Incidence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Coryphaena Hippurus (dorado fish) and Thunnus alalunga (albacore fish) sold in high-demand markets in Guayaquil City

Foodborne diseases affect around 600 million people in the world. In Ecuador, the Ministry of Public Health (MSP) reported 12,203 cases of food poisoning caused mainly by Salmonella species, hepatitis virus or other pathogenic microorganisms in 2019. However, there are no reports of diseases caused by Vibrio species in Ecuador. The present study assessed the presence of V. parahaemolyticus, mesophilic aerobics, total coliforms and E. coli. Samples of Coryphaena hippurus (dorado fish) and Thunnus alalunga (albacore fish) in 3 different markets in the city of Guayaquil, Ecuador. As a result, Vibrio parahaemolyticus was not found in any of the 60 samples analyzed. In contrast, the E. coli levels met the requirements established in the INEN 183 - 2013 Standard norm. All samples from Market 1 were within the acceptance range regarding mesophilic aerobic levels. However, high mesophilic aerobic levels were obtained in 60% of the albacore samples and 50% of the dorado samples from this market. In the same way, 40% of the albacore and 100% of Dorado samples from market 3 were high in mesophilic microorganisms. However, the mesophilic aerobic analyses revealed safer levels in samples from market 1 than in markets 2 and 3, according to the NTE INEN. 183:2013. Keywords: Foodborne diseases1, fish2, Albacore3, E coli4, mesophilic aerobics5, Dorado6.

Linker-Preserved Iron Metal-Organic Framework-Based Lateral Flow Assay for Sensitive Transglutaminase 2 Detection in Urine Through Machine Learning-Assisted Colorimetric Analysis.

A groundbreaking demonstration of the utilization of the metal-organic framework MIL-101(Fe) as an exceptionally perceptive visual label in colorimetric lateral flow assays (LFA) is described. This pioneering approach enables the precise identification of transglutaminase 2 (TGM2), a recognized biomarker for chronic kidney disease (CKD), in urine specimens, which offers a remarkably sensitive naked-eye detection mechanism. The surface of MIL-101(Fe) was modified with oxalyl chloride, adipoyl chloride, and poly(acrylic) acid (PAA); these not only improved the labeling material stability in a complex matrix but also achieved a systematic control in the detection limit of the TGM2 concentration using our LFA platform. The advanced LFA with the MIL-101(Fe)-PAA label can detect TGM2 concentrations down to 0.012, 0.009, and 0.010 nM in Tris-HCl buffer, urine, and desalted urine, respectively, which are approximately 55-fold lower than those for a conventional AuNP-based LFAs. Aside from rapid TGM2 detection (i.e., within 20 min), the performance of the MIL-101(Fe)-PAA-based LFA on reproducibility [coefficients of variation (CV) < 2.9%] and recovery (95.9-103.2%) along with storage stability within 25 days of observation (CV < 6.0%) shows an acceptable parameter range for quantitative analysis. A sophisticated sensing method grounded in machine learning principles was also developed, specifically aimed at precisely deducing the TGM2 concentration by analyzing immunoreaction sites. More importantly, our developed LFA offers potential for clinical measurement of TGM2 concentration in normal human urine and CKD patients' samples.

Predictive modeling of Salmonella spp. growth behavior in cooked and raw chicken samples: Real-time PCR quantification approach and model assessment in different handling scenarios.

The increasing prevalence of Salmonella contamination in poultry meat emphasizes the importance of suitable predictive microbiological models for estimating Salmonella growth behavior. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of chicken juice as a model system to predict the behavior of Salmonella spp. in cooked and raw chicken products and to assess its ability to predict cross-contamination scenarios. A cocktail of four Salmonella serovars was inoculated into chicken juice, sliced chicken, ground chicken, and chicken patties, with subsequent incubation at 10, 15, 20, and 25°C for 39h. The number of Salmonella spp. in each sample was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Growth curves were fitted into the primary Baranyi and Roberts model to obtain growth parameters. Interactions between temperature and growth parameters were described using the secondary Ratkowsky's square root model. The predictive results generated by the chicken juice model were compared with those obtained from other chicken meat models. Furthermore, the parameters of the chicken juice model were used to predict Salmonella spp. numbers in six worst-case cross-contamination scenarios. Performance of the chicken juice model was evaluated using the acceptable prediction zone from -1.0 (fail-safe) to 0.5 (fail-dangerous) log. Chicken juice model accurately predicted all observed data points within the acceptable range, with the distribution of residuals being wider near the fail-safe zone (75%) than near the fail-dangerous zone (25%). This study offers valuable insights into a novel approach for modeling Salmonella growth in chicken meat products, with implications for food safety through the development of strategic interventions. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The findings of this study have important implications in the food industry, as chicken juice could be a useful tool for predicting Salmonella behavior in different chicken products and thus reducing the risk of foodborne illnesses through the development of strategic interventions. However, it is important to recognize that some modifications to the chicken juice model will be necessary to accurately mimic all real-life conditions, as multiple factors particularly those related to food processing can vary between different products.

Production of fresh cheese analogues; the impact of soy protein isolate and oat germ powder

AbstractPlant-based proteins are being rapidly explored in the food industry to produce healthy and nutritious foods. Herein, the effects of soy protein isolate (SPI) ratio to oat germ powder (OGP) (0:0, 3.7: 6.3, 5:5, 0:10, 10:0, and 6.3:3.7%) were studied on the physicochemical, colour, rheological, microbial, antioxidant, and sensory properties of wheyless cheese. The results showed that by increasing SPI and OGP levels, ash, white index value, elastic modulus, and complex viscosity decreased, while pH, fat in dry matter, Chroma, and total colour (ΔE) increased. Also, syneresis was only observed in the control sample and was not observed in other samples. Control sample together with sample containing 10% of OGP showed the highest microbial count (i.e., mesophilic bacteria and yeasts-moulds), while samples containing 10% of SPI showed the lowest microbial count. Furthermore, the growth of both coliform and psychrophilic bacteria in all samples was negligible. Based on the results of sensory evaluation, with increasing SPI and OGP, the sensory evaluation score of samples decreased but they were within the acceptable range. According to the results obtained in this study, the combinations of 5% SPI and 5% OGP or 3.7% SPI and 6.3% OGP are recommended to be used in wheyless cheese production.

Assembly of Ultra-thin MEMS Device on Driver Chip Using Anisotropic Conductive Film

Assembly solution for large-area, ultra-thin, MEMS-based transducer array dies on driver chips has been investigated using dummy Si dies and substrates. The dummy dies have a thickness of 50 μm, a bonding area on the order of 100 mm2 populated with more than a thousand through-silicon vias connecting corresponding metal pads and redistribution layer (RDL) on both sides. The dummy substrates have conventional thickness as well as necessary RDL and pads for bonding and monitoring electrical resistance and stray capacitance of interconnects. Flip-chip interconnection technology based on anisotropic conductive film (ACF) was selected for bonding and characterization. Handling and ACF bonding of ultra-thin dies to rigid substrates were eased by means of glass carriers attached to the inactive side of the dies. Proper bonding parameters were identified, providing sufficiently low interconnect resistance with satisfactory yield. Stray capacitance of interconnects was found in acceptable range, though lower stray capacitance should be further pursued. The results from this work have demonstrated the feasibility of using ACF for assembling large-area, ultra-thin dies on rigid substrates.

The Effects of Sound Absorption of Stage House on the Acoustics of Auditorium in an Opera House

The coupling effects between the stage house and the auditorium in opera houses make the sound field very complex. In the present study, the effects of stage absorption on the primary monaural objective room acoustic parameters in the seating area of an opera house in China were investigated by means of computer simulation and scaled model measurement. In computer simulations, the absorption coefficient of the ceiling and walls of the stage house was changed across several steps, and then a series of experiments were conducted in a 1:20 scaled hall with and without curtains and wall absorption on the stage to verify the simulation results. It was found that stage absorption has a significant influence on early decay time (EDT), reverberation time (RT) and clarity (C80) in the seating area, while the effect on sound strength (G) is much smaller. The values of EDT and RT decrease with an increase in sound absorption on the stage, while C80 displays an opposite trend. In addition, when the average absorption coefficient of the stage walls and ceiling is over 0.5, the variations in these four parameters due to the increase in stage absorption can be constrained within an acceptable range.

Experience of correction of enzyme therapy in children with cystic fibrosis using computer systems and means of network communication

Justification. In recent years, great progress in the treatment of cystic fibrosis has been associated with the use of pathogenetic therapy (since 2012 - in world practice, since 2020 in the Russian Federation). Against the background of the use of which the nutritional status, the functional state of the lungs improves, but there is no complete restoration of the impaired functions of the organs, in particular, the external secretory function of the pancreas is restored only in young children with the timely appointment of targeted therapy The purpose of the study: to increase the effectiveness of correction of enzyme replacement therapy by an individualized approach. Methods. 140 children (boys - 81, girls - 59) with MV aged from 1 year to 18 years (average age 12.9±4.8 years) were examined. The study was conducted in 2022 in the Department of Cystic Fibrosis Scientific and «Research Clinical Institute of Childhood of the Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region» (clinical base of the scientific and clinical Department of Cystic fibrosis Research Center for Medical Genetic). Inclusion criteria - diagnosis of cystic fibrosis, chronic pancreatic insufficiency, severe. Exclusion criteria - short bowel syndrome, exacerbation of the disease. The doses of pancreatin per day were evaluated using the calculation method: units/g of fat in food and intestinal syndrome before and after correction using an algorithm of an individualized approach to calculating enzyme therapy. The observation period is 3 months Design: single-center, prospective, comparative Results. The study showed that the majority of 82 patients (59%) in the general group received less than 2000 U/g of fat, which is less than the reference values (2000-4000 U/g). The median daily dose was 1500 U / g of fat, which can be attributed to the peculiarities of dosing and the need for pancreatin in the Russian pediatric population of patients with cystic fibrosis. The results are consistent with the data of recent studies indicating an acceptable dosage range of pancreatin 1000-4000 units / g of fat in food. In the course of the study, an algorithm for individualized correction of enzyme replacement therapy was developed and the effectiveness of this approach was shown. Conclusion. When calculating pancreatin for the fat content in food, the dose was below the recommended values of 2000-4000 units / g and amounted to 1500 units / g, which indicated that it did not meet the needs of children in enzymes and required individual correction. This served as the basis for the development of an algorithm for individualized correction of enzyme replacement therapy. The effectiveness of this approach using computer technology (inpatient program for doctors and mobile version for patients), in the form of reduction / relief of intestinal syndrome, is shown. To increase compliance and to train parents to control diet and enzyme replacement therapy, it is advisable to use computer programs and mobile applications to calculate the diet and dosage of pancreatin for each meal.

Development of Event Management System in Professional Organization of Indonesian Professional Assessors Association (IASPRO) Using User Centered Design Method

An organization usually has events that need to be publicized to the wider community. The Indonesian Professional Assessors Association (IASPRO) only uses social media to publicize events such as seminars, workshops, or other events that are held. As a result, many organizational members or potential participants do not know that the event is being held or are even confused about registering and finding out what the participant quota for the event is. To make it easier for potential participants, a system is needed to organize event publication and registration. Therefore, an event management system is created, namely a web-based application with a User-centered Design approach. The use of the User-centered Design method aims to produce a system that suits the needs and comfort of the user. At the testing stage, the author uses the System Usability Scale method to evaluate the system interface, and black box testing to measure software functionality and ensure the software meets user needs. Test results using the System Usability Scale obtained an Acceptability range value of 81.67 with Grade A, with these results it is certain that users are satisfied with the current interface design.&#x0D; Keywords: system, event management, UCD, web-based,; organization

Twisted helical Tape's impact on heat transfer and friction in zinc oxide (ZnO) nanofluids for solar water heaters: Biomedical insight

Twisted helical Tape's impact on heat transfer and friction in zinc oxide (ZnO) nanofluids for solar water heaters: Biomedical insight