Radiological Methods Research Articles

Elucidating Genes and Transcription Factors of Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Involved in the Cellular Response upon Exposure to Ionizing Radiation for Biodosimetry and Triage: An In Silico Approach

Abstract Background Gene expression–based biodosimetry is a promising method for estimating radiation dose following exposure. A panel of highly radio-responsive genes in human peripheral blood was used in the current investigation to create and evaluate a unique gene expression–based radiological biodosimetry method. Methodology In human cellular research, we reviewed the literature on genes and proteins correlating to radiation response in vivo and in vitro. We looked at two publicly accessible independent radiation response gene expression profiles (GSE1977 and GSE1725) and identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Results The obtained data exhibited 42 genes with substantial differential expression, 25 of which were upregulated and 17 of which were downregulated in ionizing radiation exposure groups compared with control groups. The gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that the hub genes are significantly involved in the regulation of the mitotic cell cycle phase transition, regulation of the mitotic cell cycle, and mitotic cell cycle checkpoint signaling. Out of the 42 DEGs, four top genes (CDK1, CCNB1, UBC, and UBB) were obtained through network centrality features. However, the multicomponent filtering procedure for radiation response genes resulted in cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) as a critical gene in the dataset curated. Conclusion Our findings suggest the possibility of discovering novel gene connections involved in the cellular response of human peripheral blood lymphocytes upon exposure to ionizing radiation.

Value of different preoperative bone evaluation methods in predicting intraoperative screw insertion torque: a prospective clinical comparative trial

BACKGROUND CONTEXTEstablishing good screw-bone structural stability is conducive to reducing the risk of postoperative screw loosening. Screw insertion torque is an objective index for evaluating screw-bone structural stability. Therefore, accurate prediction of screw insertion torque can improve the preoperative evaluation of patients, optimize the surgical plan, and improve the surgical effect. At present, the correlation between different bone assessment methods and screw insertion torque is unclear. PURPOSEThe aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between different bone assessment methods and screw insertion torque and to optimize the predictive performance of screw insertion torque through mathematical modeling combined with different radiology methods. DESIGNProspective cross-sectional study. PATIENT SAMPLESSeventy-seven patients with preoperatively available DXA, CT and MRI data who underwent spinal fixation surgeries between October 2022 and September 2023 and 357 sets of screw data were included in this analysis. OUTCOME MEASURESSpinal, vertebrae-specific and screw trajectory's BMD were measured preoperatively by different imaging modalities. Intraoperative screw insertion torque was measured using an electronic torque wrench. METHODSPearson linear correlation, scatter plots and univariate linear regression were used to evaluate the correlation between different bone evaluation methods and screw insertion torque. Different bone evaluation methods were fitted into the prediction model of screw torque and the related equations were obtained. RESULTSScrew insertion torque had the strongest positive correlation with the volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) of the screw trajectory (Pedicle screw insertion torque (PSIT): R = 0.618, p<.001; Terminal screw insertion torque (TSIT): R = 0.735, p<.001). A weak negative correlation was found between the screw insertion torque and level specific vertebral bone quality (VBQ) (PSIT: R = -0.178, p=.001; TSIT: R = -0.147, p=.006). We also found that the PSIT was strongly correlated with the TSIT (R = 0.812, p<.001). CONCLUSIONSCompared to other bone quality assessment methods, screw trajectory vBMD may be better predict the magnitude of screw insertion torque. In addition, we further optimized preoperative assessments by constructing a mathematical model to better predict screw insertion torque. In conclusion, clinicians should select appropriate preoperative bone quality assessment methods, identify potential low-torque patients, optimize surgical plans, and ultimately improve screw insertion accuracy and reduce postoperative screw loosening rate.

MORPHORANGENOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF CHILDREN WITH INFLAMMATORY PULMONARY DISEASES

The choice of this particular topic is due to the need to study morphofunctional studies and compare them with radiological data. The literature shows that in order to improve and timely diagnosis and prevention of inflammatory diseases of the bronchopulmonary system, the director carries out radiological diagnostic methods. Morphological studies of pleural fluid can affect the diagnosis and treatment of children with pneumonia.

Evaluation of sarcopenia-associated survival in breast cancer with computed tomography-based pectoral muscle area measurements

Objective: Breast cancer is the most common and deadly female cancer. In breast cancer cases, survival is closely related to muscle mass, which is one of the components of body composition. Our aim was to investigate the usefulness of computed-tomography (CT)- based pectoral muscle measurements in detecting sarcopenia in patients with non-metastatic breast cancer and the relationship of these measurements with survival. Patients and Methods: Our study included 62 adult female breast cancer cases diagnosed with breast cancer between January 2012 and January 2018 and without metastasis in positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) examination obtained for pre-treatment staging. To evaluate sarcopenia, skeletal muscle index (SMI) and pectoral muscle index (PMI) were calculated by measuring pectoral muscle area and skeletal muscle area at L3 vertebra level on PET/CT images. Results: Deceased patients were significantly older (Median=73.90, IQR=27.04) than surviving patients (Median=54.60, IQR=13.37, p=0.025) and were diagnosed with cancer later in life (Median=63.92 IQR=30.16’ vs. Median=47.51 IQR=15.0, p=0.030). When the threshold of 31 cm2/m2 was selected, there was a statistically significant difference in survival between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic groups (p=0.031). Conclusion: In conclusion, the presence of sarcopenia in female breast cancer cases is a parameter that affects survival and can be measured using radiological imaging methods. In addition to the measurements accepted in the literature regarding sarcopenia, pectoral muscle measurements can be chosen as an alternative method in the diagnosis of sarcopenia.

A Young Female with a Hepatic Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma.

Primary hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE) is an extremely rare tumour of vascular origin with an incidence of <0.1 cases per 100,000 people worldwide. A 29-year-old female with the history of epigastric pain and unintentional weight loss (3 kg over six months) was referred for upper endoscopy. The examination was without visual pathological findings, but a rapid urease test was positive. First-line treatment with clarithromycin-containing triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection was given. After completion of eradication therapy, diffuse abdominal pain developed. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed multiple liver nodules. Three consecutive core liver biopsies were performed and were inconclusive. A subsequent surgical liver nodule resection was performed. Histopathology of the specimen revealed grade 2 hepatocellular carcinoma; bone scintigraphy was negative for metastasis. A multidisciplinary team (MDT) recommended giving the patient sorafenib, which was poorly tolerated. The histology was reviewed using immunohistochemistry staining at the request of the oncologist, which showed expression of CD31 and CD34. Based on clinical, morphological and immunohistochemistry findings, a diagnosis of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma was made. Based on the multidisciplinary team's findings, liver transplantation was indicated as the only curative treatment. Because of the rarity of this disease, combining clinical, radiological and histopathological methods as well as an MDT approach can help to reach the correct final diagnosis. As demonstrated in this clinical case, it is crucial to perform immunohistochemistry of a liver biopsy to confirm a HEHE diagnosis. Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumour that is often misdiagnosed and mismanaged.This case emphasises the critical importance of interdisciplinary teamwork and the use of non-invasive and invasive techniques to achieve a definitive diagnosis.

Systemic iron overload: Review of pathophysiology and clinical-radiological diagnostic approach

Systemic iron overload is a condition that carries significant implications for health, making it crucial to understand its pathophysiology and the precise clinical and radiological diagnostic methods. This article comprehensively reviews the pathophysiology of iron metabolism, highlighting its crucial role in multiple cellular processes and the regulatory mechanisms that maintain its balance in the body. Furthermore, the diagnostic approach to iron overload is analyzed in detail, reviewing the role of various imaging techniques; highlighting magnetic resonance imaging as a method to develop an accurate and non-invasive assessment of iron load in various tissues.

Deltoid ligament injuries: A review of the anatomy, diagnosis and treatments.

Ankle sprains remain the most common soft tissue injury presenting to Emergency Departments. Recently, there has been increased awareness and reporting of deltoid ligament injuries in association with injuries to the lateral ligament complex as well as with fibula fractures. This article reviews the currently available literature on the anatomy of the deltoid ligament, clinical and radiological diagnosis of injuries to the deltoid ligamentand treatment recommendations. A literature review was conducted for keywords associated with deltoid ligament injuries. MEDLINE, PubMed and Embase databases were utilised for this search. Articles were included if involving an adult population, were English-language, were related to deltoid ligament injuries (with or without associated injuries)and reported on patho-anatomy, clinical or radiological diagnosisor treatment methods. A total of 93 articles were assessed for relevance from the database search, and 47 were included after the removal of irrelevant articles and duplicates. Several studies reported on the clinical findings of deltoid ligament injury, as well as the radiographic analysis. Arthroscopy was considered the gold standard of diagnosis, with authors reporting on the potential benefit of performing arthroscopic repair or reconstruction at the same time. There were no studies that provided a system for the classification of deltoid ligament injuryor larger studies of treatment pathways. Long-term studies of the incidence of instability in deltoid ligament injuries were not available. There is limited evidence available regarding deltoid ligament injuries, particularly in terms of treatment options, either in isolation or with concomitant injuries. Long-term follow-up studies are needed to obtain more accurate data on the number of complications. Level IV.

The Role of Microbiological and Radiological Tests in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Conditions of the Pandemic COVID-19

The impact of the methods for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis is perceived in the fastness in setting up the actions aiming to isolate the source infection and to treat it in due time. Objective — to establish the role of microbiological and radiological tests in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in actual epidemiological context of tuberculosis associated to the COVID-19 pandemics (2020—2022). Materials and methods. It was conducted a case-control study which included 172 patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis, as new case, distributed in two groups, the 1st group — 116 patients diagnosed through the radiological methods and the 2nd group — 56 patients, diagnosed through microbiological methods. Results and discussion. The main peculiarities of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis regardless of methods of investigation were male gender, low social and economic state and high prevalence of the harmful habits with impact on the health state. Patients diagnosed through the microbiological methods were residing more frequently in rural areas, with low accessibility to healthcare services, identified through a long-evolving symptomatology, late detection, expressiveness of the clinical symptomatology and a high rate of poor treatment outcome. Recommendations were established that systematic screening for tuberculosis should be performed in all social-vulnerable groups, fortified by the individualised therapeutic approach. Conclusions. The case-control study identified that the main peculiarities of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis regardless of methods of investigation were male gender, low social and economic state and high prevalence of harmful habits such as smoking and alcohol consumption. Patients diagnosed through the microbiological methods were residing more frequently in rural areas, with low accessibility to healthcare services, concluded through a long-lasting symptomatology, late detected forms of tuberculosis, high expressiveness of the clinical symptomatology and severe evolution, followed by a high rate of poor treatment outcomes, including death. Patients diagnosed through the radiological methods were more frequently from urban sectors, from tuberculosis clusters, with comorbidities with high risk for tuberculosis sickness, such as HIV infection, diabetes and mental disorders which constituted included in active screening programs. The lack of positive microbiological assay results was the consequence of the unilateral and limited forms of pulmonary and determined a higher rate of treatment success rate.

Ultrasound-Based Measurement of Dorsal Scaphoid Displacement During Watson Test in Scapholunate Ligament Lesion

Abstract Background Scapholunate ligament lesion (SLL) is the most common ligament lesion in the wrist. The diagnosis of scapholunate ligament injuries in clinical practice is not standardised and there are various clinical and radiological methods that have varying degrees of reliability. Aims The aim of our work was to find a method that was simple, easily reproducible and did not require expensive and time- consuming second-tier examinations. We therefore assessed the reliability of sonography during Watson test (WT) in detecting SLL. Methods 20 patients with MRI and intraoperatively confirmed SLL were assessed preoperatively between July 2020 and April 2023. Sonography was performed on the scaphoid dorsal subluxation (DS) in wrist neutral and during WT and compared with the healthy contralateral side. The DS was measured by two independent investigators and intra- and interobserver reliability were assessed. Results We found a statistically significant difference between DS of the scaphoid of the healthy (0.89 mm, SD 0.67 mm) compared to the pathological side (1.67 mm, SD 0.95 mm). Reliability was very good, and SEM was lower than 0.4 mm for all measurements. Conclusion Sonographic measurement during WT showed promising results with very good reliability; this method could be routinely adopted for the detection and diagnosis of SLL without the need for second-tier examinations.

A retrospective study of the relationship between the presence of complaints and the identified pathological changes in the temporomandibular joint

Introduction. In the practice of an orthodontist, diseases of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) are an urgent problem due to their widespread, diverse clinical manifestations.Goal. To study the relationship between the identified anatomical and functional disorders of the TMJ, as risk factors for complications during orthodontic treatment, and the presence of characteristic complaints in the structure of pathological changes in the TMJ.Materials and methods. According to the type of organization and the ratio of data collection time, the scientific study belonged to a longitudinal retrospective study, according to the type of observation: case-control. A retrospective analysis of 102 outpatient medical records of patients who sought medical help from an orthodontist at a dental clinic was carried out. The criterion for inclusion in the study was the presence of a newly diagnosed disease of the temporomandibular joint, mandatory radiological diagnostic methods. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the TMJ in the patient who sought medical help was used as a radiation diagnosis. As part of the scientific study, the structure of pathological changes in the TMJ was analyzed, the relationship between the presence of complaints and the revealed pathology was studied.Results. The analysis of the data showed that the MR examination of the TMJ reveals pathological changes in patients who sought orthodontic care, both with complaints and with an asymptomatic course of diseases. Data analysis did not show a statistically significant relationship between the presence of complaints and the revealed pathology in the case of degenerative (χ2 = 0.123; p &gt; 0.05), inflammatory changes in the TMJ (χ2 = 0.123; p &gt; 0.05) and pathological disorders of the masticatory muscles (F = 0.704; p &gt; 0.05). The relationship is statistically significant, but weak for ventral dislocation without reposition (p &lt; 0.05; φ = 0.107) and the dorsal arrangement of the disc (p &lt; 0.05; φ = 0.101). In the case of ventral dislocation of the articular disc with the reposition, the relationship is statistically significant, of medium strength (p &lt; 0.05; φ = 0.284).Conclusions. The results of a retrospective analysis of medical documentation confirm the need for instrumental research methods for all patients, regardless of whether they have any complaints at the stage of determining the optimal tactics of orthodontic intervention to obtain diagnostic information on the state of the TMJ in order to prevent the risks of complications during orthodontic treatment.

From Morphology to Molecules: Advances in the Distinction of Multiple Primary Lung Cancers From Intrapulmonary Metastases in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

The increasing incidence of multiple lung nodules underscores the need for precise differentiation between multiple primary lung cancers (MPLCs) and intrapulmonary metastases (IPMs). This distinction impacts patient prognosis and treatment strategies. The prevalence of multiple lung nodules, ranging from 19.7% to 55.5%, highlights the clinical significance of this challenge. Historically, the role of histopathology, particularly comprehensive histology assessment (CHA), has been pivotal in differentiating MPLCs and IPMs. However, CHA has significant limitations, resulting in a constant search for a better way to distinguish those lesions. The best strategy for delineating MPLCs from IPMs is a multidisciplinary approach combining clinical data, radiology, histology, and molecular methods. Histology provides architectural and cellular characteristics, radiology contributes anatomic context and lesion characterization, and molecular methods reveal molecular features critical for accurate differentiation. Incorporating clinical data further enhances diagnostic precision. This review presents current knowledge and current approaches to multiple lung tumors. It is clear that even with a combination of pathology, radiology, and molecular data, definitive classification of multifocal lung tumors is not always possible.

Urinary tract infections in pregnant women

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common pathology among pregnant women and are associated with maternal and foetal complications. According to some authors, the incidence of UTIs increased 4 times in the last decades of the 20th century. Escherichia coli is the most predominant pathogen causing up to 80% of UTIs, Klebsiella is ranked second causing up to 8% of UTIs, and pathogenic staphylococcus and mixed microflora are ranked third. To diagnose UTIs, laboratory, physical and radiological diagnostic methods are applied. According to most authors, informative value yielded by lab tests is more than 90%. The prescription of antibacterial chemotherapy should be based on the results of urine culture and sensitivity testing. Before the test results are obtained, broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs (ABs) are usually prescribed. The most commonly used therapy regimens are third-generation cephalosporins with dose adjustments, as may be necessary, after sensitivity is determined. Some authors recommend to continue treatment with urinary tract antiseptics after AB therapy is completed. The impaired urine output should be restored before AB therapy is prescribed. This review presents an analysis of the literature that was found in the databases PubMed (the National Library of Medicine), The Cochrane Library, as well as in the research citation databases (Scopus, Web of Science). The etiological factors and features of the pathogenesis of UTIs in pregnant women, as well as diagnostic standards, are described. The current guidelines for the treatment and prevention of UTIs in pregnant women are considered and antibacterial therapy regimens with current dosage forms are presented. The benefits of using cefixime dispersible forms are described in detail.

Recent Advancement in Diagnosis of Biliary Tract Cancer through Pathological and Molecular Classifications.

Biliary tract cancers (BTCs), including intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal cholangiocarcinomas, as well as gallbladder cancer, are a diverse group of cancers that exhibit unique molecular characteristics in each of their anatomic and pathological subtypes. The pathological classification of BTCs compromises distinct growth patterns, including mass forming, periductal infiltrating, and intraductal growing types, which can be identified through gross examination. The small-duct and large-duct types of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma have been recently introduced into the WHO classification. The presentation of typical clinical symptoms, as well as the extensive utilization of radiological, endoscopic, and molecular diagnostic methods, is thoroughly detailed in the description. To overcome the limitations of traditional tissue acquisition methods, new diagnostic modalities are being explored. The treatment landscape is also rapidly evolving owing to the emergence of distinct subgroups with unique molecular alterations and corresponding targeted therapies. Furthermore, we emphasize the crucial aspects of diagnosing BTC in practical clinical settings.

Evaluation of the Temporal Crestal Canal, A Mandibular Variation, with CBCT According To Gender

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of temporal crest canal in a group of Turkish population according to gender using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: CIBT images of 515 individuals were retrospectively analysed. Twenty-seven of these images were excluded because they did not meet the study criteria. All images were analysed in multiplanar planes. The presence of temporal crest canal was recorded according to age and gender. Data were analysed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Pearson Chi-Square test was used to evaluate the relationship between categorical variables. Results: 488 KIBT images were analysed and 2.6% of the total temporal crest canal was detected. Right temporal crest canal rate was 1.2% and left temporal crest canal rate was 1.4%. The rate of temporal crest canal was 1.4% in males and 1.2% in females. There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of presence of right and left temporal crest canal in males and females (p &amp;gt; 0.05). Conclusion: CIBT is an important radiological method for the detection of temporal crest canal. The rate of presence of temporal crest canal did not show a significant difference between genders.

Knowledge level of the community and healtcare workers about radiological examinations and harmful effects of radiation: a review

Patients, doctors, and radiology professionals are exposed to ionizing radiation in the diagnostic and therapeutic applications of radiology. Despite the proven harmful effects of medical radiological methods used for diagnosis and treatment, it is not possible to completely abandon these procedures. There is a lack of knowledge in the community about radiological examinations, the effects of radiation, and radiation protection. To increase awareness about radiation, it is essential to educate patients, enhance the education of healthcare students, and provide in-service training for all hospital staff. This way, knowledge levels can be improved, and the harmful effects of radiation can be minimized.

Correlations between Dental Age, Skeletal Age, and Mandibular Morphologic Index Changes in Turkish Children in Eastern Anatolia and Their Chronological Age during the Pubertal Growth Spurt Period: A Cross-Sectional Study.

In age determination, different methods aiming to obtain the closest result to chronological age have been investigated so far. The most commonly used one among these is the radiological method, which is usually used to evaluate the developmental stages of wrist bones or teeth. In our study, we assessed bone age estimations using the Gilsanz-Ratib atlas (GRA), which has recently become commonly used for children aged 9 to 15 years; evaluated the dental age, determined with Cameriere's European method; conducted morphometric measurements of the mandibular bone; and then examined their relationships with chronological age. The results of our study reveal that, in children during the puberty growth spurt, Cameriere's EU formula might have higher accuracy in estimating chronological age in younger age groups, while the GRA might be more accurate for older ages. Additionally, we conclude that of the mandibular morphometric measurements, condylar height and tangential ramus height show strong positive correlations with age. As a result, we conclude that the morphometric measurements evaluated in the present study can be used as auxiliary methods in forensic anthropology and forensic dentistry.

Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis: A comparison of osteological and CT methods of diagnosis

ObjectiveTo assess the differences between endoscopic and radiological methods of analysis for diagnosing chronic maxillary sinusitis (CMS) in archaeological skeletal remains. Materials32 crania from a Dutch post-medieval rural population. MethodsWe assessed the presence of bone changes indicative of CMS (i.e., bone growth and bone resorption) both endoscopically and through computed tomography (CT), and then compared results. ResultsWe observed moderate agreement between bone growth scores obtained through endoscopy and CT, and fair agreement when assessing bone resorption. ConclusionsCMS prevalence rates observed through CT may be comparable to rates assessed endoscopically, although caution is needed when making direct comparisons. SignificanceThis is the first study comparing data obtained through endoscopy and radiological methods in the study of CMS, informing paleopathologists about potential biases in data comparison. LimitationsOur small sample size likely impacted results. Suggestions for further researchFurther research is advised to fully explore the comparability of endoscopic and radiological method of analysis in the study of sinusitis. Data AvailabilityThe datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available upon request.

The role of radiological diagnostic methods in complicated combat chest trauma

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of radiation methods for diagnosing combat chest trauma at the stage of specialised surgical care. Materials and methods. The results of diagnostic measures performed on 51 wounded with bilateral combat chest trauma were analysed. All the wounded underwent chest radiography (if necessary, in two projections). Ultrasound examination of the chest cavity was performed in real time. Spiral computed tomography was performed on multislice computed tomography scanners. Video thoracoscopy was performed in 20 (83.3%) of 24 wounded patients treated at the Department of Thoracoabdominal Surgery of the Zaitsev Institute of General and Emergency Surgery in 2022­2023. In 27 patients treated in the same department and the polytrauma department of the Kharkiv City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care named after Prof. O. I. Meshchaninov in 2014­2016, video thoracoscopy was not used as a diagnostic method. Results. An important advantage of spiral computed tomography was that this method makes it possible to accurately determine the nature of damage to the chest cavity organs, the bone skeleton of the chest, post­traumatic complications and plan surgical treatment (correction) of existing injuries at the stage of providing specialised thoracic surgical care, in particular, using thoracoscopic access. Conclusions. Combat chest trauma is a severe injury that should be considered within trauma protocols, where clinical signs are only informative in the early diagnostic stages for potentially fatal injuries.

Medical visualization in pregnancy: indications, limitations and prospects

The present paper reports available modern data about the safety of medical visualization, including US, MRI, CT, PET and scintigraphy. In all accessed papers, objects are pregnant women and fetuses – the most vulnerable of all groups of patients. We summarize data concerning exposure to radiodiagnostic procedures during pregnancy and approaches to diminish the potential risk. We analyzed articles published between 2003 and 2023 using PubMed and Google Scholar. Keywords included: MR-safety, pregnancy, CT, MRI, US, scintigraphy. The list of found articles consisted of more the 2000 items. We analyzed more than 100 articles in Russian and English and included 63 items in the current review. Primarily we dealt with clinical guidelines based on randomized trials on the safety of radiological methods during pregnancy. Hopefully, presented information, including the latest international recommendations, will help clinicians and patients pursue realistic and informed approaches and minimize anxiety.

Surgical Treatment of a Large Isolated Aneurysm of the Right Primary Iliac Artery: About A Case

Isolated iliac artery aneurysms are extremely rare, accounting for less than 2% of all aneurysmal diseases. These aneurysms are usually seen in older men. Very mildly symptomatic but carries a significant risk of rupture when the aneurysms have reached a large size. Their operative mortality is significantly higher when undertaken as an urgent or elective procedure, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate management. The development of radiological exploration methods has facilitated the discovery and diagnosis of these aneurysms. The emergence of endovascular techniques constitutes an alternative to traditional surgical treatment. We report our surgical management of an aneurysm of the primary iliac artery isolated in a 71-year-old man, who benefited in our department from a resection of the aneurysm with restoration of continuity by a prosthetic bypass. The objective of this article is to present and describe the diagnostic assessment; imaging data, treatment methods as well as a review of the literature concerning the history of iliac artery aneurysms.