Questioning Strategies Research Articles

Questioning Strategy Used by EFL Teacher in Teaching Descriptive Text at State Junior High School

Specifically, the purpose of this study to determine what types of questions teachers ask when they are teaching descriptive text. A single-case study was conducted for the purpose of this analysis. SMPN 1 Wonoayu's class VIII-I, which had ten students and one EFL instructor, participated in this study. Observation and interview were the instruments used in this study. Analysis of instructor use questioning strategy in descriptive text on classroom teaching and learning process; analysis of teacher interview statements; and analysis of student interview statements comprised three sections of the findings. An important goal was to get a better understanding of how teachers approach teaching descriptive literature, why they choose this kind of inquiry, and how students respond to the questions they are asked. It was designed to help students remember what they had learned in the previous session, and to get the class started off on the right foot. Lecture-based questioning was utilized to keep students engaged and ensure they understood what was being spoken. In order to assist students to develop their ideas, only thinking-based questions were utilized in this course. Lecture-based questions were utilized in the classroom to keep students engaged and to ensure that they understood the material. That the teacher used questioning strategies because she thought that talking with her students would make it easier to teach descriptive text, and that the students thought the teacher was good at using questioning in the classroom can be found out.

Swedish police officers' strategies when interviewing suspects who decline to answer questions

AbstractPurposeResearch‐based interviewing techniques typically rely upon suspects being, at least partially, responsive and engaged in the conversation. To date, the scientific literature is more limited regarding situations where suspects exercise their legal right to silence. The present study aimed to examine Swedish police officers' self‐reported strategies when interviewing suspects who decline to answer questions.MethodsA total of 289 police officers responded to a national survey that included questions about handling silence. The participants worked with a wide range of criminal cases, including financial crimes, fraud, violent offences, domestic abuse, volume crime and traffic violations. We used content analysis to examine their written responses to the open‐ended question: ‘What, if any, strategies do you use when interviewing suspects who speak very little or not at all?’ResultsFour main categories were identified relating to (1) question strategies (e.g. asking the questions anyway, using silence), (2) information strategies (e.g. emphasizing the benefits of cooperating and informing about their legal right to silence), (3) supportive strategies (e.g. being friendly and asking about reasons for silence) and (4) procedural strategies (e.g. changing interviewers and conducting multiple interviews). Practitioners working with violent crimes reported meeting silent suspects more frequently compared with practitioners working with other criminal offences.ConclusionsThe results provide an initial exploration into the various strategies used by police interviewers when questioning suspects who decline to answer questions. Further research is necessary for understanding and evaluating the ethics and effectiveness of such strategies.

Development of a clinical learning model to enhance patient safety awareness competency among Thai nursing students.

Enhancing patient safety awareness competency in nursing students is a necessity as they will be the next generation of professional nurses to take care of patients. One of the strategies is to create an innovative learning model using questioning as part of the metacognitive thinking concept. This study aimed to develop a clinical learning model to enhance patient safety awareness competency among Thai nursing students and determine its effectiveness. The study used a research and development design with two phases: (1) the development of a clinical learning model to enhance patient safety awareness competency among nursing students, and (2) the evaluation of the effectiveness of the developed clinical learning model. The evaluation was done quantitatively and qualitatively. In the quantitative strand, a quasi-experimental method using repeated measures design was used in 24 students. While in the qualitative strand, a qualitative descriptive design was employed in 24 students and three teachers. In the first phase, the DUIR clinical learning model was developed, consisting of four processes: 1) Doubt (D), 2) Understanding (U), 3) Insight (I), and 4) Reflected value (R). The patient safety awareness competency included two components: managing patient safety and solving problems related to unsafe patient care. In the second phase, the model was evaluated by the students and the teachers. It revealed that nursing students' patient safety awareness competency was very high, and the competency was statistically different before and after the learning model. The developed DUIR learning model using a questioning strategy is considered effective to encourage students to reflect critically on their own clinical experiences in order to achieve quality and safe care outcomes, thereby enhancing patient safety awareness for nursing students in a sustainable way. This model serves as an input for Thai nursing education and beyond.

AN ANALYSIS OF TEACHER'S QUESTIONING STRATEGIES IN CLASSROOM INTERACTION

The purpose of this study was to analyze the questioning strategies used by theteacher in class interaction and the teacher's preference for using questioningstrategies. The approach used in this research is qualitative. The subjects of thisstudy were two English teachers at SMPN 5 Majene. The subjects of this studywere determined using purposive sampling technique. For data collection in thisstudy used instruments such as classroom observations using checklistobservations and video recording and interviews using a voice recorder. Theresults of this study indicate that the teacher uses knowledge questions andcomprehension questions in the classroom. Based on the results of the analysis ofthis study, the teacher also explained that questioning strategies are very important,especially the teacher uses a questioning strategy to measure the extent of students'understanding and abilities during learning.

Pengaruh Strategi Learning Start With A Question Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Dalam Bidang Fiqih Di MTS Al-Aman Payaman Solokuro Lamongan

In this study the problems to be discussed are: (1) How is the implementation of the learning start with a question strategy in learning fiqh at MTs Al-Aman Payaman Solokuro Lamongan? (2) How are the student learning outcomes in the field of fiqh at MTs Al-Aman Payaman Solokuro Lamongan? (3) What is the effect of the learning start with a question strategy on student learning outcomes in the field of fiqh at MTs Al-Aman Payaman Solokuro Lamongan?
 This research is a type of field research that aims to find out whether there is an influence between the x variable and the y variable, while the approach used in this research is a quantitative descriptive study. The data collection method is the method of observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation. Data analysis techniques to determine the variable x and variable y using the percentage formula and the mean or average value. Meanwhile, to determine the effect between the variable x and the variable y, the researcher used the product moment formula, which then consulted the results on the product moment table.
 The results showed that the learning start with a question strategy (64.5%) had an influence on student learning outcomes in the field of jurisprudence for class VIII H MTs Al-Aman Payaman Solokuro Lamongan (8.4) where rxy = 0.595 if consulted in the interpretation table, the magnitude is between 0.400 - 0.600, which means it is in the "slightly low" level, while the significant level in the product moment table is 1% = 0.463 and 5% = 0.361 so that ro > rt. So the working hypothesis is accepted and the null hypothesis is rejected.

The Effect of the Strategy of Three Types Questions in Interactive Book Reading on Language Delayed and Typically Developed Children’s Learning of Vocabulary

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare and examine the children’s performance between Language Delayed (LD) and Typically Developed (TD) children in vocabulary learning tests (expressive, receptive, definition) across three-reading strategies (eliciting question, non-eliciting question, decontextualized question) in adult-child book reading assessment.Methods: A total of 22 children (12 children with LD and 10 TD children) aged 4 to 5 years participated in this study. The participants performed vocabulary learning tests (expressive, receptive, definition) across 3 reading strategies after 8 reading sessions.Results: LD children received significantly lower scores than TD children on expressive · receptive vocabulary learning and definition tasks. Moreover, in the case of expressive vocabulary, there was no significant group difference in eliciting questions. In addition, in the definition task, the group difference according to strategies was greater when using the decontextualized questions, than when using the non-eliciting questions.Conclusion: It turned out that children with LD have difficulties in receptive · expressive vocabulary learning and definition. Also, it was remarkable that the pattern of relationship between these performances was different in each group. In particular, TD children scored the highest in expressive vocabulary learning under the decontextualized question strategy, whereas in the case of children with LD, they scored the highest under the eliciting question strategy. It suggests that the necessity for mediation of non-experts, such as parents or caregivers, plays an important role in word learning and intervening for children with LD through educating and using an effective reading strategy.

Improving Students’ Speaking Skills: Effect of Varied Questioning Strategies in The Classroom

The objective of this study was to see if employing various questioning strategies improves the speaking skills of first-year students at MTs As'adiyah Putri 1 Sengkang in terms of correctness, fluency, and comprehensibility. The pre-experimental approach was used in this study. The students at MTs As'adiyah Putri 1 Sengkang made up the majority of the population. This study used a purposive sampling strategy to select one class as the sample, class VII-A, which has 30 students in the 2020/2021 academic year, because students in that class had more knowledge than students in other classes. A test of learning outcomes was used, which included speaking skills (pre-test and post-test). The findings of this study reveal that the accuracy of the students' speaking has improved. The findings of the pre-test show that just 4% of students received a score of 71–85, but 24% of students received that score in the post-test. Furthermore, on both the pre-test and post-test, the percentage of pupils in the extremely bad group was 48 percent (0 percent). The value of the sig.2-tailed is not above the level of significance (0.000 < 0.05) and also proves it. After the test, the students' speaking skills increased to a good level in response to varied questioning strategies.

THE EFFECT OF PQRST (PREVIEW, QUESTION, READ, SUMMARY, AND TEST) STRATEGY ON READING COMPREHENSION AT FIRST-GRADE STUDENTS OF SMAN 1 SABAK AUH SIAK

This paper discusses an experimental research study regarding the effect of PQRST (Preview, Question, Read, Summary, and Test) strategy on reading comprehension of the first-year students at SMAN 1 of Sabak Auh Siak. The study shows that 65% of the students have difficulties in comprehending the reading passage about a descriptive text. Based on the students’ reading indicators, it can be identified that they have difficulties in determining the main idea, locating references, understanding vocabulary, making inferences, and finding detailed information. This study uses a quantitative method on a true experimental design of two groups of first-year students using pre-test and post-test. The study involves 44 students, divided into two classes: the control class with 21 students and the experimental class with 23 students. The instrument is a test that consists of questions with multiple choices and four options (A/B/C/D). In order to analyze the data formula, statistical software namely SPSS version 23 is used to analyze the results of the study. The significant effect of PQRST (Preview, Question, Read, Summary, and Test) strategy on reading comprehension at the first-year students of SMAN 1 Sabak Auh in Kabupaten Siak (2-tailed) is. 000 ˂ .005, which means that the H0 is rejected, while Ha is accepted. Thus, there is a significant effect on first-year students' reading comprehension in descriptive text between the students who are taught by applying the PQRST strategy and those who are not.

The Political Marginalization as a Communicative Strategy of Power Domination in Political Discourse

The article is dedicated to the study of political marginalization viewed as a communicative strategy, aimed at retention or attainment of political power. Political discourse, despite the perceptible tendency towards personalization of the political communication particularly noticeable in politainment, is defined as a predominantly institutional type of discourse in which the dyad ‘agent – client’ plays an important role. From the traditional standpoint of view, it is believed that agents have discursive power while clients have none. However, as the undertaken research shows, it is quite difficult to draw a distinct line between agents and clients in political discourse. The point is that using the strategy of marginalization, politicians can present themselves as non-politicians (i.e. non-agents), untypical (atypical) politicians, for example women politicians, politicians holding on to minority political views, etc. At the same time, the strategy in question is most likely unrestricted by political forms of marginalization in the sense that it can correspond to the politician’s search for selfidentification with marginal social groups whose rights are infringed upon, including national minorities and LGBT. Furthermore, even those social groups which, in fact, have long ceased to be marginal in the Western world (e.g. women) can be exploited by marginal politicians who prefer to characterize them as people who are not enjoying equal rights with elite, privileged representatives of the society (e.g. men). Thus, the study of marginalization presupposes the analysis of the complex structure of social relationships, unveiling manipulative aspects of marginalization (NB: the politician’s self-representation as the non-politician should almost always be considered as an instance of manipulation) and exploration of linguopragmatic aspects of marginalization.

Integration Strategy of Green City Development With the Indragiri Rokan River Flow Area in the Capital Area of Solok Regency “Arosuka”

This study formulates a green city development strategy in the capital city of Solok Regency in the "Arosuka" area. The strategy in question is an integration strategy where this area has its own uniqueness because it is located in the Indragiri Rokan Catchment Area. The development of an environmentally friendly city is usually associated with waste management, slum settlements, architecture, sustainable development and other issues, but this article focuses on efforts to maintain groundwater discharge in Arosuka in connection with the change in the status of the Catchment Area area to become the capital of an integrated shark Catchment Area city. The data used is secondary data in the form of a regency capital development plan, Catchment Area and Arosuka area data. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The results of the study indicate that there are 5 strategies for structuring the Arosuka area so that it is expected to become a green city in the Indragiri Rokan Catchment Area.

Integration Strategy of Green City Development With the Indragiri Rokan River Flow Area in the Capital Area of Solok Regency “Arosuka”

This study formulates a green city development strategy in the capital city of Solok Regency in the "Arosuka" area. The strategy in question is an integration strategy where this area has its own uniqueness because it is located in the Indragiri Rokan Catchment Area. The development of an environmentally friendly city is usually associated with waste management, slum settlements, architecture, sustainable development and other issues, but this article focuses on efforts to maintain groundwater discharge in Arosuka in connection with the change in the status of the Catchment Area area to become the capital of an integrated shark Catchment Area city. The data used is secondary data in the form of a regency capital development plan, Catchment Area and Arosuka area data. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The results of the study indicate that there are 5 strategies for structuring the Arosuka area so that it is expected to become a green city in the Indragiri Rokan Catchment Area.

Examining Students’ Speaking Skill Through Youtube Videos: Pre-Experimental Design Study

The aims of this research was to examine the using of youtube videos on students speaking skill. The researcher used the pre experimental design study, which is applied in one group class that get the pre test, treatment, and post test. Youtube videos that used for teaching media of this reasearch, and did the asking and answering question strategy to get the data of this research. Then, the data were analyzed through quantitative procedure. Based on the result of this research showed that teaching students’ speaking skill through youtube videos can improved students’ speaking skill.

Strategies Used by English Teachers in Teaching Reading Comprehension

The purpose of the study was to recognize and to discover the application of the strategy used by the English teachers in teaching reading comprehension during online learning for seventh-grade students at SMPN 2 Singaraja. The research design used qualitative, with the research instruments in the form of observation and interview. The results of the research obtained were that the two English teachers used a question and answer strategy during the online learning process in teaching reading comprehension for seventh-grade students. Therefore, the strategy taught students how to interpret what kinds of questions were asked of them, as well as where to discover the answers, in that way, allowing students to think about the texts they read. In addition, motivating them to think creatively and collaboratively while challenging them to use their thinking skill, so that interactions between the English teacher and students could occur properly during the online learning process.

The Ethics of Delivering Bad News: Evaluating Impression Management Strategies in Corporate Financial Reporting

Business communication textbooks offer impression management (IM) strategies to help students learn how to soften bad news. But corporations sometimes use these strategies in ethically questionable ways. This article analyzes IM strategies in a landmark case of ethically dubious corporate financial reporting. Findings suggest that the company, Ivax, manipulated three standard IM strategies by overamplifying its power to fix a financial crisis, substantially downplaying bad news, and concealing damaging information. Ivax also used a fourth, less familiar strategy: It buried contradictory information in legal disclaimers. Instructors need to help students become ethical writers who avoid questionable IM strategies like these.

Pengaruh Strategi Learning Start With A Question Terhadap Hasil Belajar di MI Tarbiyatul Banat

One of the factors that affect a student's learning outcomes is the learning strategy used by the teacher. Implementation of the Learning Start With A Question strategy This study aims to determine the effect of student learning outcomes. Strategy and students who are taught using conventional learning strategies in class III. The method used in this study is a quantitative research method with the type of research Pre-experimental Design in the form of One-group Pretest-posttest. Based on the results of the Pretest which initially got an average value of 60.00, it increased in the posttest by getting an average value of 78.40. The results of the calculation of the t-test Ha is accepted that there is a significant influence on the implementation of the Learning Start With A Question learning strategy on the learning outcomes of the Thematic subjects Theme 8 Sub-theme 2 class III students of MI Tarbiyatul Banat
 

Towards a reconsideration of the use of agree-disagree questions in measuring subjective evaluations.

Agree-disagree (AD) or Likert questions (e.g., "I am extremely satisfied: strongly agree … strongly disagree") are among the most frequently used response formats to measure attitudes and opinions in the social and medical sciences. This review and research synthesis focuses on the measurement properties and potential limitations of AD questions. The research leads us to advocate for an alternative questioning strategy in which items are written to directly ask about their underlying response dimensions using response categories tailored to match the response dimension, which we refer to as item-specific (IS) (e.g., "How satisfied are you: not at all … extremely"). In this review we: 1) synthesize past research comparing data quality for AD and IS questions; 2) present conceptual models of and review research supporting respondents' cognitive processing of AD and IS questions; and 3) provide an overview of question characteristics that frequently differ between AD and IS questions and may affect respondents' cognitive processing and data quality. Although experimental studies directly comparing AD and IS questions yield some mixed results, more studies find IS questions are associated with desirable data quality outcomes (e.g., validity and reliability) and AD questions are associated with undesirable outcomes (e.g., acquiescence, response effects, etc.). Based on available research, models of cognitive processing, and a review of question characteristics, we recommended IS questions over AD questions for most purposes. For researchers considering the use of previously administered AD questions and instruments, issues surrounding the challenges of translating questions from AD to IS response formats are discussed.

Scandal at the Post Office

The Post Office Horizon scandal in the United Kingdom, possibly the most extensive miscarriage of justice in English legal history, was caused by a number of interrelated factors. These include: the legal presumption that computers are reliable; the unwillingness and failure of judges to order appropriate and necessary disclosure of documents by the Post Office, where required to ensure fairness at trial; the unethical conduct by the board and management of the Post Office; failure by government – the Post Office’s owner, and questionable litigation strategies adopted by the Post Office’s lawyers.
 Index words: Post Office; Horizon IT system; disclosure; discovery; electronic evidence; ethics; politics

Investigating English teacher’s teaching strategies in teaching reading comprehension

This study aims at investigating types of teaching strategies used by an Englishthe teacher and analyzing how she implemented them in teaching reading comprehension in senior high school. In order to observe the teacher’s strategies and how they were being applied, this study employed qualitative design. The instruments used to collect the data were observation, interview and document. The subject was an English teacher at SMAN 11 Banda Aceh.The results of the observation indicates that teacher used partial questioning strategy, review strategy, and feedback strategy. However, the teacher did not elaborate questioning strategy in her lesson plan. The teacher mixed questioning and review strategies at the beginning of the lesson and continued with feedback at the end of the lesson.Those strategies were very useful in attracting students’ attention, boosting up their confidence and keeping them focus on the lesson if managed properly.

Альтернативные институциональные стратегии разработки монетарных теорий

The article discusses the new strategies for studying macro-economic processes and relationships between the monetary and real variables in light of the transformations of the modern economy. The research aims to describe the strategies of constructing monetary theories of mainstream economics and to develop an approach for studying endogenous institutional relationships in monetary processes. Conceptually, the study uses as a point of departure the idea that economic entities pursue value-based and economic motives. Such an approach reflects the intersubjective nature of the economy and helps overcome the extremes of methodological individualism and methodological holism. The study shows how the institutional characteristics of the strategies in question are determined by orthodox and heterodox versions of Keynesian economics. The paradigmal limitations of the given strategies may stem from the fact that methodologically they rely on individualism, which leads to exogenous interpretations of institutions and monetary phenomena. Therefore, it is impossible to explain the emergence of market prices as an institutional phenomena by drawing on the neo-classical versions of the theory of value. Macro-economic indicators in mainstream economics are exogenous aggregated variables. The study traces the development of the paradigmal framework of classical political economy and Marx’s institutional-evolutional theory of value and money, which were determined by the normative interpretation of the economic behaviour of economic entities. Following the above, it is shown that the proposed approach corresponds to the classical tradition and contributes to the research on the endogenous relationship between the nominal and actual parameters of macro-economic processes. This approach also demonstrates the need to consider money as an institutional variable characterizing work output and the corresponding part of GDP. The conclusion is made that in order to address the systemic problems of national economic development, it is particularly important to create an institutional model that would be adequate to the current reality and that would be suitable for constructing effective fiscal and monetary regulators of monetary processes.

Perception of Pandemic in Italy at Early 2022: An Analysis using Traditional and Social Media

Aim: More than two years after the beginning of the global pandemic period, most governments have adopted questionable strategies, aimed at the progressive reduction of people freedom and pushing in non-transparent way on the forced use of genic drugs, improperly called vaccines. The purpose of this work concerns the different way in which news relating to pandemic reached italian people by traditional media (main TV channels and main national newspapers) and by social media, in particular Telegram. Methods: The paper considers the situation perceived in Italy up to the first months of 2022 by analyzing the news appearing on mainstream TV channels and how they are described by national newspapers, as opposed to what can be deduced from some social media platforms who are still enough free from a clear process of censorship. Results: The analysis underlines that there is a macroscopic discrepancy between traditional and social media; the official narration of the traditional media is not only questionable, but does not give rise to the possibility of a free discussion on the hottest issues of this pandemic. Only Telegram appears to be the most censorship free channel among the studied traditional/ social media in this paper. Conclusion: The attention placed on the official narrative of Covid-19, on the use of the methodology still in force in Italy for fighting the pandemic, on the strong non-sanitary limitation of individual freedom and on a possible underlying plan about what is globally happening, leads to the conclusion that in Italy there is an attempt to give an ambiguous, equivocal and inconsistent version of the facts, contradicted by experimental data and scientific papers appearing more and more numerous in qualified international journals.