Community Question Research Articles

Uniwersytet jako stały element kultury europejskiej w myśli Josepha Ratzingera – Benedykta XVI

Aim: The aim of the text is to present the role and threats facing universities from the perspective of a Joseph Ratzinger - Benedict XVI. The challenges universities face are: the unity of reason and faith, truth and the question of academic community. Theologian points to the lack of these elements in modern science, where the focus has been on technical skills at the expense of other needs. Methods: The research strategy used includes the application of the hermeneutic method, which has proved helpful in the analysis and interpretation of source texts. In addition, elements of a descriptive method and a comparative method were used as part of the methodological approach. The second one was used to present the structure of the relationship in question, while the comparative method was used by the author to juxtapose the theologian's reflections with the conclusions of other scholars on the issue. Results: The results of Ratzinger's reflection show that focusing mainly on the development of technical skills is not sufficient both for the structure of the university and for society as a whole. The theologian emphasises that science has an impact on the world, producing effects that can be useful or destructive for human beings. The former prefect suggests that it is necessary to rethink the role of faith and truth in the context of education. In this light, he acknowledges the important role of Catholic universities, which can exemplify the harmonious coexistence of truth, reason and faith, realising that these elements can complement rather than exclude each other. In the context of the university community, Benedict XVI notes the loss of an authentic bond between students and teachers as a result of academic specialisation. He warns against the utilitarianism and pragmatism of universities, stressing that their true idea is the search for truth. Ratzinger encourages the integration of faith and knowledge in universities, pointing out that truth, spiritual development and an authentic academic community are crucial to the university's role in society. Coclusion: The theologian emphasises that faith is not a constraint on development, but stimulates dialogue, reflection and an informed approach to the consequences of actions. Similarly, truth, dialogue and ethical responsibility are the foundations by which the university should be guided. The basis for analysing Ratzinger's thought on the issue of universities is a collection of his works: Opera Omnia T. IX/1 - Faith in Scripture and Tradition. Hermeneutics and principles of Catholic Theology, and the works: Introduction to Christianity, Europe: Today and Tomorrow Oryginality: The work is the new approach by analysis of Ratzinger-Benedict XVI’s thought in the context of contemporary society, from a cultural studies perspective

Investigation of LASSO Regression Method as a Correction Measurements’ Factor for Low-Cost Air Quality Sensors

Air quality is a subject of study, particularly in densely populated areas, as it has been shown to affect human health and the local ecosystem. In recent years, with the rapid development of technology, low-cost sensors have emerged, with many people interested in the quality of the air in their area turning to the procurement of such sensors as they are affordable. The reliability of measurements from low-cost sensors remains a question in the research community. In this paper, the determination of the correction factor of low-cost sensor measurements by applying the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression method is investigated. The results are promising, as following the application of the correction factor determined through LASSO regression the adjusted measurements exhibit a closer alignment with the reference measurements. This approach ensures that the measurements from low-cost sensors become more reliable and trustworthy.

‘It’s nice that we can do that too’: investigating transgender persons' negotiations with identity and community questions in Indian science institutions

Abstract In 2014, the Indian Supreme Court passed the landmark NALSA v. Union of India judgment that not only granted transgender persons the right to self-identify their gender but also recognized their right to equitable and accessible education. Further, in 2018, the apex court passed another landmark judgment in the case of Navtej Singh Johar & Ors. v. Union of India, reading down Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code, and, therefore, decriminalizing consensual adult homosexual sex acts. In the backdrop of these landmark judgments – i.e. in post-NALSA and post-377 India – identity and community questions pertaining to transgender, gender non-conforming, and non-binary persons’ access to and presence in educational institutions in India have intensified. Focusing on science institutions, this paper attempts to delineate the ways in which proximal and distal networks of caste-class and gender shape transgender, gender non-conforming, and non-binary persons’ exclusion from and belonging in science collectivities. Further, this paper also investigates how transgender persons’ sense of belonging to certain communities speaks to their shifting epistemic dispositions. Finally, contextualizing transpersons’ negotiations in science communities and individual and collective scales as ‘unstable and hybrid assemblages’, this paper demonstrates the ways in which trans collectives in science institutions radicalize community building and development in these institutional spaces by interrupting dominant institutional cultures and practices.

Tri-relational multi-faceted graph neural networks for automatic question tagging

Automatic question tagging is a crucial task in Community Question Answering (CQA) systems such as Zhihu or Quora, as it can significantly enhance the user experience by improving the efficiency of question answering and expert recommendations. Graph-based collaborative filtering models show promising performance on this task, as they can exploit not only the semantics of text content but also the existing relations between questions and tags. However, existing approaches typically encode each question into a single vector, which may not be able to capture the diverse semantic facets of questions in CQA systems. To address this challenge, we propose a novel question-tagging framework, named Tri-Relational Multi-Faceted Graph Neural Networks (TRMFG) for Automatic Question Tagging. In TRMFG, a tri-relational graph structure is designed to better model the question-tag relations. We also propose tri-relational question-tag GNN to extract hidden latent representations of questions and tags. Specially, the Multi-Faceted Question GNN helps capture the diverse semantics of questions from relevant tags. Then we build a multiple matching component to capture more complex matching patterns of the questions based on the diverse semantics. Our experimental results on three benchmark datasets demonstrate that TRMFG significantly improves question tagging performance for CQA, outperforming the state-of-the-art methods.

Community Perceptions of the Progo River Sand and Stone Mining Activities in Yogyakarta (Study in the Communities of Sendangagung Village)

This research aims to determine the perceptions of people living in mining areas regarding the impacts of sand and stone mining activities on the Progo River, Yogyakarta. This research uses a qualitative type with a case study method. Primary data collection was carried out by interviews as well as observations and supporting documents or literature for secondary data. Sand and stone mining activities in the Progo River using heavy equipment by individuals and companies under the pretext of normalizing river flow after the eruption of Mount Merapi based on Decree Number 284 of 2011. This regulation has been misunderstood by various parties, which has given rise to uncontrolled sand mining. One example of mining that caused community rejection occurred in Sendangagung Village, especially the Jomboran, Pundak Wetan and Wiyu areas of Yogyakarta. Researchers found that the community rejected mining because the community had the perception that mining companies took it with heavy equipment without paying attention to the preservation of the land and the environment, which resulted in land degradation, landslides, air pollution and water pollution. Apart from that, the community questions the legitimacy of the government in issuing non-transparent mining permits

Language-independent Profile-based Tag Recommendation for Community Question Answering Systems

Language-independent Profile-based Tag Recommendation for Community Question Answering Systems

Iterative Semantic Transformer by Greedy Distillation for Community Question Answering

Iterative Semantic Transformer by Greedy Distillation for Community Question Answering

Harnessing the Power of Metadata for Enhanced Question Retrieval in Community Question Answering

Harnessing the Power of Metadata for Enhanced Question Retrieval in Community Question Answering

A Study of Expert Finding Methods for Multi-Granularity Encoded Community Question Answering by Fusing Graph Neural Networks

A Study of Expert Finding Methods for Multi-Granularity Encoded Community Question Answering by Fusing Graph Neural Networks

TOWARDS ANTICASTE INTERNET: THE OPERATION, CHALLENGES AND ASPIRATIONS OF BAHUJAN PUBLISHERS.

Communication and technology in India are dominated and hegemonized by elite oppressor castes (Savarnas). The absence of marginalized castes (Bahujans) in mass media systematically erases narratives, histories and opportunities present to them. In this study, we look at alternative digital Bahujan publishing as sites for claiming media representation and how a vision of anticaste internet is emerging through these publishing practices. We study how despite systemic challenges, Bahujan publication spaces have emerged across digital media as sites of intersectional discourse on caste through new media like blogs, visual art, memes, YouTube channels, infographics, podcasts etc. Further, We look at how this has exposed caste issues under the casteless facade of digital technology through challenges of caste-hate speech, poor moderation, algorithmic bias and inadequate platform governance. We draw from qualitative interviews with bahujan publishers across digital mediums. Through a critical caste lens, we uncover motivations, infrastructural needs, editorial processes, audience engagement, challenges and the future vision of these publishing projects. We discuss questions of identity, community, hate-speech, platform censorship, mental health and self-care which emerge in online anti-caste publishing. We conclude that in spite of the historic erasure and marginalization of bahujans from media narratives, bahujan publishing has opened a space for an emerging vision of anti-caste internet which needs to be studied from an infrastructure and platform lens.

MAPPING TUMBLR THROUGH FANNISH HOMOPHILIES

Using survey data from a 2022 survey of fans that was distributed on Tumblr between February 22 and March 21, 2022, this paper speculatively maps the network of Tumblr. Tumblr is home to fandoms of all kinds, acting as a space where fans can gather, discuss theories, produce fan texts and media, and interact with fanworks, making them one of the key distinctive communities that use the site and a suitable community to investigate the shape of the network. First, we analyze the prevalence of particular demographic answers from the survey over time to find points at which a large number of responses have similar identities. Second, we use the baseline probability of any given answer within our data set to examine times when it becomes disproportionately prevalent compared to elsewhere in the data. Through looking at these correlations between time and probability in specific demographic answers, we can identify moments when the survey was traveling through a homophilic network within the platform, and therefore extract information about how homophily works on this platform. By mapping Tumblr through these survey homophiles, we can gain a greater understanding of how people gather and interact on the platform. This has implications both for questions of community and subcultural belonging, but also issues like the spread of mis- and disinformation.

Addressing the need for Indigenous-specific PROMs and PREMS: A focus on methodology.

Differences in Indigenous worldviews, practices and values highlight the need for Indigenous-specific health quality indicators, such as patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and patient-reported experience measures (PREMs). The purpose of this paper is to present our methodology, as part of a larger study that sought to develop a framework for creating Indigenous-specific PROMs and PREMs. The research design was informed by Indigenous research methodology and a community-based participatory approach. It had three core components: (1) a literature exploration of existing Indigenous-specific PROMs and PREMs; (2) interviews with researchers with expertise in PROMs and PREMs developed for Indigenous populations and community leaders interested in using these Indigenous-informed evaluation tools; and (3) conversations with Indigenous community members about their experiences with health surveys. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim; transcripts were analyzed qualitatively using an inductive and deductive approach. Themes and sub-themes were identified to build a framework that honours Indigenous knowledges and ways of knowing. Results were validated with select research participants and the Project Advisory Committee. Findings demonstrate how relationship building is the necessary starting point for engagement when developing survey instruments with Indigenous peoples. Engagement requires respectful collaboration through all stages of the project from determining what questions are asked to how the information will be collected, interpreted, and managed. A relational stance requires responsibility to Indigenous communities and peoples that goes beyond research carried out using a western scientific lens. It means ensuring that the project is beneficial to the community and framing questions based on Indigenous knowledge, worldviews, and community involvement. This study employed a collaborative, participatory qualitative approach to develop a framework for creating PROMs and PREMs with Indigenous peoples. The methods described offer concrete examples of strategies that can be employed to support relationship-building and collaboration when developing Indigenous-specific survey instruments.

Similar question retrieval with incorporation of multi-dimensional quality analysis for community question answering

Similar question retrieval with incorporation of multi-dimensional quality analysis for community question answering

Interregional and intraregional interaction of the Tianshanbeilu population in eastern Xinjiang from the perspective of pottery analysis

The beginning of human settlement in the Hami Basin, located in the eastern part of Xinjiang, has been a focal question for the academic community in China. In particular, the thesis that the immigrating population from the Hexi Corridor since the late Neolithic founded the Tianshanbeilu culture has riveted the attention of scholars. Pottery wares, abundantly discovered at the synonymous cemetery of this culture, have played a key role in extrapolating population migration and cultural interaction. This paper aims to test the thesis by characterizing the chemical composition, painting pigment, and carburizing technique of 70 pottery samples from the cemetery with various scientific methods. It shows that the chemical compositions of the coarse pottery in the three colors of red, yellow, and gray, painted and unpainted alike, are remarkably different from those of fine pottery in black and red, indicating that the raw materials for the coarse and fine pottery samples are possibly procured from different sources; the pigments of the red slip and black paint are derived from hematite, black manganese ore, and carbon black; carburizing and polishing techniques are further applied to the gray coarse pottery; In combination with the compositional data of pottery samples from the Yaer cemetery also in the Hami Basin and the Xichengyi settlement in the Hexi Corridor, this paper finds that some pottery wares of the Tianshanbeilu culture were exchanged within the Hami Basin, but each site had its own production facility. No direct exchange of pottery wares with Xichengyi is attested; the similar style of pottery wares between the two sites may have resulted from population migration and technological exchange.

A Local Self-Attention Sentence Model for Answer Selection Task in CQA Systems

Current evidence indicates that the semantic representation of question and answer sentences is better generated by deep neural network-based sentence models than traditional methods in community answer selection tasks. In particular, as a widely recognized language model, the self-attention model computes the similarity between the specific word and the whole sets of words in the same sentence and generates new semantic representation through the similarity-weighted summation of semantic representations of the whole words. However, the self-attention operation entirely considers all the signals with a weighted sum operation, which disperses the distribution of attention, which may result in overlooking the relation of neighboring signals. This issue becomes serious when applying the self-attention model to online community question answering platforms because of the varied length of the user-generated questions and answers. To address this problem, we introduce an attention mechanism enhanced local self-attention (LSA), which restricts the range of original self-attention by a local window mechanism, thereby scaling linearly when increasing the sequence length. Furthermore, we propose stacking multiple LSA layers to model the relationship of multiscale <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math> </inline-formula>-gram features. It captures the word-to-word relationship in the first layer and then captures the chunk-to-chunk (such as lexical <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math> </inline-formula>-gram phrases) relationship in its deeper layers. We also test the effectiveness of the proposed model by applying the learned representation through the LSA model to a Siamese and a classification network in community question answer selection tasks. Experiments on the public datasets show that the proposed LSA achieves a good performance.

Asbab al-Nuzul in Surah Al-Baqarah (2): Mulla Huwaisy Perspective of Critical Matn and Sanad

It is only possible to interpret the Qur'an by understanding the story of the verses and asbab al-nuzul. Asbab al-nuzul can be accepted if the history is valid. This validity is not just the sanad (narrative series) but also the matn (content). According to Mulla Huways, a scholar from Iraq, in practice, sometimes events are matched to become the asbab al-nuzul of a verse. This research aims to attempt to analyze the concept of asbab al-nuzul according to Mulla Huways, analyzing the criticism of asbab al-nuzul in the interpretation of Bayan al-Ma'ani in surah al-baqarah. This research method uses a qualitative approach with critical analytical reasoning. This research found that: Mulla Huways is of the opinion that asbab al-nuzul in surah al-baqarah is an event or question in the Islamic community where the verse of the Qur'an was revealed as an answer to the event or question. Asbab al-nuzul must match the event and context and category of surah. Using the wrong history of asbab al-nuzul will change the understanding of a verse. Mistakes in the use of asbab al-nuzul are dominated by Makkiyyah surahs. This is due to the narrators' lack of understanding of the history of the revelation of the Koran. By using the nuzuli interpretation method, the errors above can be overcome so that the asbab al-nuzul obtained is valid.

Multi-hop community question answering based on multi-aspect heterogeneous graph

Community question answering aims to connect queries and answers based on users' community behaviors, find the most relevant solutions for newly raised questions, and improve community activity. Existing research mainly focuses on the single-hop method, which relies on a particular feature for simple question answering. However, multi-hop question answering, which depends on multi-step reasoning to solve complex questions, still faces the destitute adaptability caused by various entity features and complex entity correlations. In this work, we put forward a Multi-Hop Community Question-Answering method called MHCQA, that combines the multi-aspect features of community entities, constrains the answer retrieval process from different perspectives and improves the adaptability of multi-hop answer retrieval. Firstly, we utilize phrases for representing the semantic features of question-answering and fuse them with entity constitution properties through heterogeneous graphs to effectively indicate the diverse relationships among entities in communities. At the same time, we bring a dynamic heterogeneous network construction strategy to improve the efficiency of feature representation. Secondly, we enhance heterogeneous graph attention networks for efficiently computing local entity similarities to find relevant answers to questions based on partial graphs. Finally, we propose a multi-constraint multi-hop community question-answering method, which optimizes answer retrieval from three aspects: the hop count, the number of answers, and the relevance of responses, to improve the scene adaptability of multi-hop answer retrieving. Abundant experiments on realistic corpus (Quora, Math, Super User, and Stack Overflow) illustrate that MHCQA improves the multi-hop question answering error rate by about 2 % and is about 11 % ahead of the baselines in terms of operating efficiency. Given our present literature survey, MHCQA is a promising research idea for automatic answering services in online question-answering communities.

“But I Am Afflicted” Attending to Persons in Pain and Modern Health Care

Abstract Over one in five adults in the United States and around the world are estimated to live with chronic pain. How are we to attend well to persons living with pain? This is a difficult, pressing question for both healthcare institutions and Christian communities, and it is only made more complex both by the contemporary opioid crisis and by how experiences of pain and addiction are shaped in the American context by race, gender, and class. Attending faithfully to persons in pain demands thoughtful, creative resources on both practical and conceptual levels. In this special issue of Christian Bioethics, eight scholars from different disciplines—Sarah Barton, Farr Curlin, Jaime Konerman-Sease, Brett McCarty, Joel Shuman, Devan Stahl, John Swinton, and Emmy Yang—engage the meaning of attending to persons in pain for Christian bioethics and for faithful Christian practice.

Understanding the role of youth in Indigenous territorial governance

Indigenous territories cover more than one-fourth of the world’s land surface, overlap with distinct ecological areas, and harbour significant cultural and biological diversity; their stewardship provides critical contributions to livelihood, food security, conservation, and climate action. How these territories are accessed, used, and managed is an important question for owner communities, state governments, development agencies, and researchers alike. This extends to how broad community memberships remain invested in territorial use and management, with young people comprising one sub-group often underrepresented in decision-making spaces. We know that internal community norms and structures–often dominated by older, adult males–can limit opportunities for youth to contribute their energy and ideas. We also know that youth can and do leave their home communities to pursue life, work, or education goals and aspirations. Drawing on insights from 5 years of collaborative research with the Indigenous Territory of Lomerío (ITL), Bolivia, we explore the roles that youth play in territorial governance, their perceptions of current structures and novel engagement strategies, and consider what lessons from this case could be applied more broadly. Our findings point to the ITL as an instructive example of how Indigenous (and other rural and remote) communities might enable young people to participate more fully in territorial governance, highlighting the importance of an enabling, underlying socio-cultural context. Based on our work in Bolivia, and lessons from other places, we discuss ways to enhance youth-community-territory linkages to support Indigenous land sovereignty and stewardship and reflect on how research co-design and knowledge co-production can help deliver more robust, inclusive, and useful (in an applied sense) empirical insights in support of such efforts.

SSC-CF: Semantic similarity and clustering-based collaborative filtering for expert recommendation in community question answering websites

SSC-CF: Semantic similarity and clustering-based collaborative filtering for expert recommendation in community question answering websites