Quasi-experimental Research Method Research Articles

Efektivitas Media Pembelajaran Matematika Berbasis Android Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar

The increasing use of smartphones among elementary school students is a concern because students are lazy to increase their interest in learning. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Android-based learning media to increase students' interest in learning in elementary schools. The design in this study used a Quasi-Experimental Design experimental research method. The results of the analysis of the effectiveness test, the normality test showed the value of Sig. the experimental group was 0.094 and the control group was 0.101. Because the value of the two groups is> 0.05, it can be concluded that the learning outcome data is normally distributed. While the homogeneity test, it is known that the significance value (Sig.) Of learning outcomes is 0.215 because 0.215> 0.05, it is concluded that the data variant of mathematics learning outcomes is homogeneous. The t-value calculation is 2.442 while the t-table value is 2.032. If the value of t-count> t-table, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted with the assumption that there are significant differences in learning outcomes with different learning media. The n-Gain value of 0.467 in Hake's N-Gain criteria table is in the medium category. So the conclusions that can be taken in Android-based mathematics learning media are effective in increasing student interest in learning

The Influence of Mind Mapping Technique on Students’ Writing Skills at MA Guppi Samata

This research aims to find out the influence of the Mind Mapping Technique on students’ writing skills at MA Guppi Samata. Since writing in English seems to be one of the most difficult tasks to do. The researcher intended to help the students write a descriptive text by applying the mind mapping technique. The researcher performed the quasi experimental research method to find the influence of the technique. The population of this research was 49 first-grade students at MA Guppi Samata. The subjects of this study were 25 students from the experimental class and 24 students from the control class. The researcher did the treatment by teaching descriptive text and applying the mind mapping technique. The data were collected through the test. The result of the data was analyzed quantitatively. By comparing the value of the t-test and t-table to analyze the hypothesis, the researcher defined the result of the research. The researcher found that there was a significant difference between students’ scores in the post-test for the experimental class and the controlled class. The mean score of post-tests (7.44) in the experimental class was greater than the mean score of post-tests (6.54) in the controlled class. Furthermore, the comparison of the t-test (3.333) and the t-table (2.021) indicated that the t-test was higher than the t-table at the level of significance (α) = 0.05 with a degree of freedom (df) = (N1 + N2)-2 = (25 + 24) – 2 = 47. Based on the t-test and t-table comparison results, it was shown that the mind-mapping technique influenced the students’ writing skills. It has been proved that mind mapping is one of the techniques that helps students find and organize ideas for writing, especially descriptive text. Students are facilitated by the diagram in mind mapping that represents the way of organizing ideas linked to the central keyword with branches containing related words.

PENGARUH MODEL COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE JIGSAW BERBANTUAN MEDIA SCRAPBOOK TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA PESERTA DIDIK DI SEKOLAH DASAR

The background of this study is the difficulty in improving speaking skills, the average value of students' speaking skills at SDN Cileunyi 3 in learning under the KKM, because there are students who lack confidence when speaking, learning tools are not maximal when teaching, delivering material by lecturing , learning is focused on educators, therefore when the learning process of students tends to become monotonous. Based on this, it is necessary to have a learning model so that students must interact more with their friends and teachers in learning so that they become accustomed to speaking and communicating. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Jigsaw Cooperative Learning learning model. The method used in this study is a quasi-experimental quasi-experimental research method. The design used is the control group design. Data collection techniques through tests, observation, and documentation. The tests used used the pretest and posttest which were used as data on students' speaking skills. The sample used was class IV-A as the experimental class using the Jigsaw Cooperative Learning model and class IV-B as the control class using the Conventional model. Data processing techniques were carried out using the normality test, homogeneity test, independent sample t test, NGain test and effect size test assisted by IBM SPSS Statistic 25 software. Based on the research results, an overview of the learning process was obtained using the Jigsaw Cooperative Learning Type assisted learning model. media scrapbook. There is a big influence on the use of the Jigsaw Cooperative Learning learning model with a value of 1.8 in the effect size test and a significant value of 0.000 through the Independent Sample T-Test.

The effect of cooperative learning model TGT-type assisted by crossword puzzle media on biology concept mastering

This study aims to determine the effect of the cooperative learning model of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) type assisted by crossword puzzle media on the mastery of biological concepts in class X students at SMAN 3 Kota Bima. This study used a quasi-experimental research method with a nonequivalent control group design (pretest and posttest). The population in this study were students of class X, consisting of class X 1 to X 4. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The samples used were students of class X 3 as the control class and class X 4 as the experimental class. Data collection techniques using test instruments in the form of multiple-choice questions. The analysis technique used is the t-test with a significance level of 5% with the help of SPSS 25 for Windows. The t-test results show that the value of (2.347 > 2.010). Based on these results, it can be interpreted that the cooperative learning model of the TGT type assisted by crossword media affects the mastery of biology concepts in class X students at SMAN 3 Kota Bima.

The Effect of Spiritual Therapy Listening to Morattal Al-Qur'an Surah Ar-Rahman on Student Anxiety at STIKES Cirebon 2024

Students who are completing their final assignments can experience anxiety. One effort to reduce the anxiety level of students preparing their final assignments is by listening to Murottal Al-Qur'an. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of spiritual therapy listening to mutual Al-Qur'an Surah Ar-Rahman on the anxiety of final-year nursing undergraduate students at STIKes Cirebon. This study used a quasi-experimental research method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample in this study was 48 respondents. The data analysis technique used was the Wilcoxon test. The study results have a ρ value 0.000 (ρ <0.05). This means that H0 failed to be rejected, meaning spiritual therapy listening to Murottal Al-Qur'an Surah Ar-Rahman can reduce anxiety levels in final-year nursing undergraduate students at STIKES Cirebon 2024. The results of this study can be used as a source of information to increase knowledge about the effect of spiritual therapy by listening to Murottal Al-Qur'an. Al-Qur'an stimulants are superior to other hearing therapies because they can produce delta waves to reduce anxiety.

Effectiveness of Audio-Lingual Method and Communicative Language Teaching in Enhancing the English Language Grammar Proficiency and Attitude among Intermediate Chinese EFL Learners

The current study delved into examining the effectiveness of Audio-lingual Method (ALM) and Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) in developing the English language grammar skills and language learning attitude of EFL intermediate Chinese learners. The study employed a quasi-experimental research design in the two groups of 60 Chinese EFL middle grades. The study uses a quasi-experimental research method for two groups of respondents. Findings showed that the ALM and CLT are effective in enhancing the English language grammar proficiency and language learning attitude among Chinese EFL intermediate learners. The gender gap in language learning favors female respondents to exhibit better performance. Consequently, the EFL learners exposed to the Communicative Language Teaching method showed better language learning grammar performance compared to those in the Audio-lingual Method. Language grammar learning attitude is not affected by gender, implying that both sexes were able to obtain the same level of benefits of the ALM and CLT. Finally, the study further concludes that language proficiency is not associated to attitude towards learning grammar of the two groups of respondents after their exposure to Audio-lingual method and Communicative Language Teaching implying that regardless of the learners’ attitude towards learning grammar they are capable of manifesting better performance in language learning with the use of ALM and CLT. The theoretical and practical implications of the study are presented and discussed.

Pengaruh Metode Pembelajaran Brainstorming Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa di SMP Negeri 3 Mandrehe Barat

This research is based on a preliminary study conducted by researchers during observations at SMP Negeri 3 Mandrehe Barat. The problem is that students' mathematical problem-solving skills still need improvement. This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of brainstorming learning methods on students' mathematical problem-solving ability. This type of research uses the quasi-experimental research method involving two groups that are given different treatments. The population of this study was all VIII classes of SMP Negeri 3 Mandrehe Barat, and two classes were selected by simple random sampling as research samples, namely class VIII-A totaling 20 students as an experimental class taught using the brainstorming learning method and class VIII-B 21 students as a control class taught using conventional learning methods. Data were collected through student mathematical problem-solving ability tests. Based on this research, the results of hypothesis testing are and . Because > , then Ho is rejected, and Ha is accepted that there is an effect of brainstorming learning method on students' mathematical problem-solving ability at SMP Negeri 3 Mandrehe Barat.

Indonesia Student Can’t Read the Qur’an? The Bilhikmah Method Solution

Although Islam emphasizes that its followers should be able to read the Qur`ān, most students, unfortunately, cannot. Results showed that only 15% of elementary school students, 25% junior high school, 35% of high school, and 40% of university students could read the Qur`ān. Also, the 2021 pre-test results from the UPI showed that only 34% of students could read the Qur`ān. The findings from the UNISBA were better, as the 2021 pre-test results revealed that up to 60% of students were able to read it and only 40% could not. Therefore, the problem of this study is regarding how Al-Qur`ān illiteracy among students can be eradicated. Several innovative reading methods are employed in Indonesia, including the bilhikmah technique. This research aims to test the effectiveness of this method in eradicating Al-Qur`ān illiteracy from UNISBA students. It used a quasi-experimental research method, and the sample comprised 998 students of the 2021-2022 class that were unable to read the Al-Qur`ān. A total of 499 students from 14 classes attended the offline learning program, while the other half from 20 classes participated online. Before and after learning, pre-tests and post-tests were provided. Consequently, the study discovered that 84% and 74% of students from the offline and online classes, respectively, managed to improve their ability to read the Qur`ān. Based on the statistical test results, the offline program was much more effective than the online equivalent. Hence, the study recommends that the eradication of Al-Qur`ān illiteracy for students should use the bilhikmah method for both offline and online classes

Pengaruh Buku Suplemen Digital Terintegrasi Mitigasi Bencana terhadap Keterampilan Kolaborasi Peserta Didik

Collaboration skills are a process carried out in groups to discuss differences through listening, giving suggestions, listening to discussions and respecting differences of opinion. Student collaboration skills can be dangerous in the learning process, one of which is by utilizing digital-based learning media. Digital supplement books are complementary books to printed books which contain reading text, images, video, audio and other information that can be read on smartphones, laptops and other portable devices. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of disaster-integrated digital supplement books on students' training skills. This research was conducted using the Quasi Experiment research method (pseudo-experiment). The data collection technique for this research was an observation sheet filled in by two observers at each meeting and a questionnaire filled in individually by students. The average observation sheet for the collaboration skills of students in the experimental class was higher than that of the control class, namely 71 for the experimental class and 59 for the control class. At the level of student collaboration skills, the average value of the experimental class was 91% greater than that of the control class, which was 79%. From this study it can be interpreted that the integrated digital supplement book on the impact of disasters has an effect on the skills of the trainees.

Effects of Video Recording Platform (Flipgrid) on English as Second Language Students’ Oral Performance

This study is a quasi-experimental method of research that employed the pretest-posttest-control group design. This aimed to determine the effects of using Flipgrid, a video recording platform, on the oral performance of 80 ESL learners of the Junior High School Department of Liceo de Cagayan University. Forty participants were classified as the experimental group, exposed to speaking tasks using Flipgrid. The other forty were classified as the control group, where they did conventional speaking tasks using Google Meet. In order to gather the data needed, the speaking module of IELTS was modified as a pretest and posttest and was administered before and after the intervention. As for the rating scale, the public version of the IELTS speaking rubric was adopted. The findings revealed that both groups exposed to Flipgrid and conventional speaking tasks significantly increased their oral performance after the intervention. It was concluded that Flipgrid can improve students' oral language performance. Moreover, it was recommended that future researchers conduct studies on Flipgrid during limited face-to-face classes and adopt both conventional and video-recording speaking tasks.

The Influence Concept Attainment Learning Model on Students Argumentative Skills and Concepts Understanding on Angiosperm Material

<p>Students need their own arguing skills in learning process. Based on the observation, it is known that not all students have the same courage to express their opinions, both verbally and written. This leads to a lack of understanding of the media design content being studied by education participants. The application of the <em>Concept Attainment</em> learning model is expected to train students how to construct their own concepts and be able to express them verbally. This study aims to determine the effect of <em>concept attainment </em>learning model on students' argumentative skills and concept understanding of angiosperms subject in class X MIPA SMAN 5 Tasikmalaya. This study used a quasi-experimental research method with a research design Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population in this study were all students of X MIPA SMAN 5 Tasikmalaya of seven classes with a total number of 245 students. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, with the samples used class X MIPA 3 as the experimental class and X MIPA 5 as the control class with a total number of 72 students. The instruments used in this study consisted of 5 argumentative ability test questions and 10 concept understanding questions. The data analysis technique used in this research is parametric statistical data analysis technique. Data is processed by conducting prerequisite analysis in the form of a normality test, homogeneity test, and hypothesis testing using one way ANOVA test. The results showed that there was a significant effect of the <em>concept attainment</em> learning model on students' argumentative skills and concept understanding with a significance value of (0.000). Based on these positive results, it can be used as a reference for educators to use <em>concept attainment </em>models that support teaching and learning activities.</p>

The Effect of Additional Lemongrass Extract (Cymbopogon nardus L.) on the Characteristics of Edible Film Sodium Alginate and Arabic Gum

This research is a quantitative study that uses quasi-experimental research methods that aim to analyze the effect of adding lemongrass extract (Cymbopogon Nardus L.) to the characteristics of the edible film, and to analyze the antimicrobial activity of the edible film. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with the addition of lemongrass extract, namely control, 1%, 1.5%, 2.5%. And it was repeated 3 times so that 12 treatment units were obtained. The data obtained were calculated using Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and if there was a difference, continued with Duncan's test using SPSS 16. The results showed that the addition of 2.5% lemongrass extract affected the characteristics of the edible film form of thickness, water resistance, elongation, and has the ability to inhibit pathogenic bacteria with a concentration of 2.5%. However, there was no significant difference in the tensile strength with a concentration of 2.5%.

Comparison of Cooperative Listening Team and Numbered Head Together Types of Learning Outcomes of Geography in the Material of Earth's Rotation and Revolution

Purpose of the study: This study aims to determine differences in geography learning outcomes using cooperative learning models of listening team types, numbered heads together (NHT) and discussions.
 Methodology: This study used a Quasi-Experimental research method "Postest-Only Control Design". The population of this study were all students of class X SMA Negeri 1 Colomadu, Karanganyar in the 2016/2017 academic year. Samples were taken by cluster random sampling technique. The selected sample is class X IPS 1, IPS 2 and IPS 3. The technique of collecting data on learning outcomes uses a test technique in the form of essay questions. The data analysis technique used was One Way Variant Analysis (One Way Anava) and post Anava test (Scheffe' method) with a significance level of 5%.
 Main Findings: The results showed: 1) There were differences in geography learning outcomes using the Listening Team, Numbered Head Together (NHT) cooperative learning model and discussions on the subject matter of Rotational Motion and Earth Revolution for class X students. 2) The Geography learning outcomes using the Listening Team cooperative learning model were better than the Geography learning outcomes using the discussion method. 3) The learning outcomes of Geography using the Numbered Head Together (NHT) cooperative learning model are better than the learning outcomes of Geography using the discussion learning method.
 Novelty/Originality of this study: Based on the results of previous research, it is known that the cooperative model with the Listening Team and Numbered Head Together (NHT) types can increase student activity and achievement. This is renewable through this research practically learning using cooperative learning models of the Listening Team and Numbered Head Together (NHT) types can improve students' learning outcomes of Geography in the material Rotational Motion and Earth Revolution.

The Effect of Two Stay-Two Stray Cooperative Learning Methods and Think Pair Share on Student Learning Outcomes of Geography

The purpose of this study was to find out: 1) differences in student learning outcomes of Geography after using the Two Stay Two Stray, Think Pair Share and Discussion learning methods. 2) differences in Geography learning outcomes for students after using the Two Stay Two Stray and Discussion learning methods. 3) differences in student learning outcomes of Geography after using the Think Pair Share learning method with Discussion. 4) differences in student learning outcomes of Geography after using the Two Stay Two Stray and Think Pair Share learning methods in (material Distribution of Natural Disaster Prone Areas in Indonesia) class X IPS SMA Negeri 1 Sukoharjo Academic Year 2015/2016. This study uses a Quasi-Experimental research method with the design "Postest-Only Control Group Design". The population in this study were all class X social studies students at SMA Negeri 1 Sukoharjo in the 2015/2016 academic year. Samples were taken using the Cluster Random Sampling technique. The selected sample is class X IPS 2, X IPS 3 and X IPS 4. The technique of collecting data on learning outcomes uses a test technique in the form of essay questions. The data analysis technique used was One Way Anava and post Anava test (Scheffe' method) with a significance level of 5%. The results of the study show that: (1) there are differences in the learning outcomes of Geography students who use the Two Stay Two Stray, Think Pair Share, and Discussion learning methods with the acquisition of Fobs > Fα scores; (2) the learning outcomes of Geography using the Two Stay Two Stray learning method are better than the Discussion learning method; (3) the learning outcomes of Geography using the Think Pair Share learning method are better than the Discussion learning method; (4) the learning outcomes of Geography using the Two Stay Two Stray learning method are better than the Think Pair Share learning method. Based on these data, it can be seen that the learning method that has the greatest influence is the Two Stay Two Stray method, followed by the Think Pair Share method, and the Discussion method.

Pengaruh Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok Menggunakan Konseling Realitas Terhadap Kepercayaan Diri Siswa

This study aims to determine the effect of group counseling using reality counseling on increasing student self-confidence at MTs Al-Washliyah Kedaisianam Batubara. This research is quantitative research with quasi-experimental research methods. The design used in this research was before (pretest) measurements were carried out and after (posttest) treatment was carried out. There are two groups, namely the experimental and control groups. The results showed that (1) the average pretest score for the control group was 112.666 and the average posttest score obtained was 113.93. (2). The average pretest score of the experimental group was 107.2. The average posttest score obtained was 120.533 (3). The average score of control group students increased by 1.26. The average score of experimental group students increased by 13.533. The difference in the average increase in the posttest score between the experimental group and the control group was 12.26. So the average score of the experimental group after carrying out group guidance was higher than the average score of the control group. (4). The increase in posttest scores obtained by all students in the experimental group showed that all students in the experimental group experienced an increase in self-confidence after carrying out group guidance. (5) Based on independent sample t test statistical calculations, the value obtained is 3.28. The value of ????ℎi????????????g is 1.70. Then it is obtained > , namely 3.28 > 1.70, the hypothesis which states that there is an effect of group guidance on the self-confidence of Class VIII MTs Al-Washliyah Kedaisianam Batu Bara is accepted. (6) Acceptance of the research hypothesis shows that the implementation of group guidance has an influence on students' self-confidence. Group guidance has an influence in increasing students' self-confidence.

The effectiveness of massage to increase the work productivity of persons with disabilities niepełnosprawnych

Introduction. The development of human resources begins even before birth, by focusing on the well-being of expectant mothers, and continues throughout various life stages: infancy, toddlerhood, preschool and school years, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. Aim. The aim of this research is to examine and assess the effectiveness of a specific type of health massage in enhancing work productivity among individuals with physical disabilities. This productivity encompasses motivation, knowledge, skills, attitudes, and independence. Method. This study employed a quasi-experimental research method utilizing a one-group time series design (pretest-posttest). The initial observation (pretest) was conducted followed by the posttest observation. The treatment group underwent a massage therapy targeting work productivity factors in people with physical disabilities, encompassing five influential elements: (1) motivation, (2) knowledge, (3) skills, (4) attitudes, and (5) independence. The research sample was drawn from the existing population using a non-random purposive sampling technique. Data collection involved assessments and measurements, with a questionnaire serving as the testing tool for measuring work productivity. Data analysis entailed analysis of variance. Results. The research findings reveal a significant disparity between the initial and final variables, with a significance value (two-tailed) of less than 0.05, as determined by paired t-tests. However, the ANOVA test yielded a significance value of 0.267. This implies a significant impact of the health massage treatment on work productivity variables—motivation, knowledge, skills, attitudes, and independence—for individuals with physical disabilities. Conclusion. The most substantial and effective increase in work productivity was observed in the motivation variable, with a percentage increase of 16.75%.

The Effect of Ethnoscience-Based Science Environment Technology Society (SETS) Learning Model in Learning Physics and Biology

This study investigates the effect of the ethnoscience-based Science Environment Technology Society (SETS) learning model on learning Physics and Biology. This type of research involves systematic research, literature reviews, and meta-analyses. The data sources were taken from an analysis of 100 international journals published from 2018 to 2023. Tracing data sources through Google Scholar, Eric, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest. The process of selecting data sources must meet the inclusion criteria analyzed by the JSAP application. The inclusion criteria in this study are: 1) the journal must be published in 2018–2023; 2) SINTA and Scopus/WOS must index the journal; 3) The journal uses experimental or quasi-experimental research methods; and 4) it has an effect size that can be calculated. The data collection technique is direct observation through the journal database. The results showed that the average effect size (ES = 0.873) is a large criterion. These findings explain that the ethnoscience-based Science Environment Technology Society (SETS) model significantly affects science learning. Furthermore, this SETS learning model helps students learn physics and biology more actively and creatively. These results are very important in evaluating the implementation of the school learning system. Furthermore, this ethnoscience-based SETS model must be applied in learning biology and physics to stimulate students to think critically.

PENGARUH METODE PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM SOLVING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS 4 SDN PETIR 3

This study aims to determine the effect of learning outcomes in mathematics among students who are taught using the methodproblem solving with students who are taught using conventional methods. This study used a quasi-experimental research method with a research designnonequivalent control group design. The population subjects in this study were all of class IV at SDN Petir 3, by taking samples of two classes, namely class 4A and 4B which consisted of 30 students from class 4A as the experimental class and 28 students from class 4B as the control class. Data collection techniques using a mathematical test instrument in the form of multiple choices. To test the pretest hypothesis in this study using a testindependent samples test from the t test obtained a significance value of 0.757 > 0.05, it can be concluded that there is no significant difference between the average pretest scores of the control class and the experimental class. Whereas for testing the post-test hypothesis from the results of the t test obtained a significance value of 0.001 <0.05. So it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the average post-test scores of the control class and the experimental class. This can be interpreted that the results of student learning by using the methodproblem solving higher than using conventional learning methods.

Home-Based Enrichment Activities for Science 9 (Biology): Effects on Students’ Academic Performance and Science Engagement

This study aimed to develop Home-Based Enrichment Activities specifically designed for Science 9 and assess their impact on academic performance and engagement of Grade 9 students attending public high schools in the Philippines during the first quarter of the school year 2022-2023. This study employed both descriptive and quasi-experimental research methods. The instruments included the validated pre-test and post-test assessments, a survey questionnaire for teachers, and a survey sheet for students. The data was collected from (60) students, (15) high school teachers and (15) master teachers in science in public schools. The data gathered were statistically analyzed using weighted mean, percentage, independent-samples t-Test, paired t-Test, and z-Test. Results showed that the control group exhibited lower mean scores (4.33 and 29.33) in the pretest and posttest compared to the experimental group (13.97 and 38.20), indicating a significant improvement in performance of the students, further affirming the positive impact of the developed Home-based enrichment activities on academic performance. The experimental group also expressed a high level of science learning engagement, demonstrating strong involvement, effort, and preparation in science lessons as manifested by the grand weighted mean of 3.88. Recommendations include incorporate home-based enrichment activities into blended learning modalities, particularly in modular distance learning to help students to learn the lesson and answer their modules on their own and increase students’ achievement in Science. Additionally, these supplementary activities can also provide valuable support to students who are at risk of failing a specific subject due to time constraints and challenging learning tasks within their modules.

The Influence of Prevention Message Form on Post Covid-19 Self-Protection Motivation

The Covid-19 based on presidential regulations regarding the status of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, in which the president stated that the status of Covid-19 had ended and the factual status of Corona Vints Disease 2019 (COVID-19) had turned into an endemic disease in Indonesia. For this reason, all sectors of people's lives are returning to adjust their operations, including the education sector, one of which is that universities have started to carry out face-to-face education. the Jakarta Institute of Communication and Business has implemented face-to-face learning, students from outside Jakarta have started coming to Jakarta to start lectures. for this reason, socialization is still needed regarding team health protocol procedures with various forms of messages. Appropriate message forms can increase motivation for self-protection during lectures. For this reason, this study wanted to know the types of messages and the effectiveness of the messages conveyed, so the researchers used quasi-experimental or quasi-experimental research methods using 3 types of messages, namely threatening messages, persuasion messages and related threatening messages. with a persuasive message. The first sample was taken using a purposive sampling method, namely sampling based on consideration of characteristics that are in accordance with the research objectives. Of the three experimental groups, the type of threat message associated with persuasive messages was more effective in increasing self-protective motivation.