Quarrying Activities Research Articles

Categorization of the Potential Impact of Italian Quarries on Water Resources through a Multi-Criteria Decision Aiding-Based Model

Quarrying has great importance for economic development and, at the same time, can have several adverse environmental impacts; specifically, it may have a significant influence on water resources. There are approximately 4000 quarries in Italy, and knowledge of their potential impact on water resources is limited. To this end, a procedure for categorizing Italian quarries was devised by combining the methods of Geographic Information Systems and Multi-Criteria Decision Aiding, selecting the potentially impactful criteria, and parametrizing the latter through the available databases. Using the ELECTRE models (ELECTRE TRI and ELECTRE III), the impact category of each quarry was assessed separately for surface water and groundwater and then the overall impact on water resources was assessed. The simulations were carried out by varying the weights of the various selected criteria, which allowed the grouping of Italian quarries into five categories with increasing potential impact on water resources. The ranking of quarries falling into the two highest-impact categories was further refined using ascending and descending distillations. The categorization can be interpreted as a first national assessment of the sustainability of quarrying activities with reference to water resources. The methodological approach of the study proved to be appropriate for the quarry-sorting and -ranking processes, lending itself to the introduction of other criteria and weights, including those arising from the participation of different stakeholders.

Rank Order Centroid as a Method to Weight Dimensional Variables for Developing a Composite Index on Policing Activities in Mining and Quarrying Areas

Objective: Dimensional variable weighting is required to calculate the composite index of policing activities in mining and quarrying activities. The purpose of weighting is to determine the Ranking and priority of each indicator and dimension, considering that each indicator does not necessarily have the same value in the actual situation. The weighting method used in this study uses a subjective method using expert opinion. Method: The Ranking carried out by experts is then calculated using rank order centroids. The results of this weighting show that expert opinion can be used to aggregate weights with specific values that can be used as weights for each dimension. Conclusion: The results of this study show that weighting by Ranking by experts through subjective methods can be used to compile rankings or weights of variables for index preparation.

Examining Child Labour in Stone Quarrying in the GA West Municipality, Ghana

ABSTRACTChild labour is a complex social problem worldwide, affecting the physical, moral and educational development of children. A cross sectional quantitative survey research design was used to assess child labour in quarrying activities of the Ga West Municipality, Ghana. The municipality was selected due to evidence in literature of children engaging in quarrying activities. The study examined child labour occurrence and intensity, the working condition of child labourers in the stone quarries; factors influencing child labour in quarrying activities; and the impact of quarrying activities on children. Data which were analysed using probit model and descriptive statistics indicated a negative effect of stone quarry activity on the development, growth and education of the child. Significant influencers were poverty, attitude and poor perception of parents, broken homes, traditional belief systems and migration. The study recommends offering educational support, grants and essential resources to vulnerable households in order to ensure that children remain in school.

Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination and Risk Associated with Quarrying Activities in Marksino Concession Area, Akamkpa

This study evaluates the environmental risks of quarrying activities in the Marksino Concession area, Akampka, with a focus on heavy metal contamination of the soil. Soil samples were collected at various distances from the quarry site and analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS; PG990) to determine concentrations of lead, chromium, copper, cadmium, cobalt, nickel, arsenic, and zinc. Pollution indices and ecological risk factors were calculated, along with hazard quotients and indices for non-carcinogenic impacts on children and adults. Results indicate that contamination values for all metals were below one, suggesting no significant impact at the sampling points. The geo-accumulation index values also indicated no significant impact for all metals. Furthermore, hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) values for all metals were below the permissible value of 1, indicating non-carcinogenic risks for residents. However, children showed higher HI values compared to adults, emphasizing the need for targeted measures to protect this vulnerable group. Continuous monitoring and mitigation efforts are crucial for sustainable quarrying activities and prevention of environmental hazards in the Marksino Concession area.

Characterization, Analysis, and Investigation of the Provenance of the Stone Construction Materials of the Vera Cruz Church (Segovia, Spain)

As part of the restoration project of the 13th century Vera Cruz Church (Segovia, Spain), a preliminary study of the stones used in its construction—dolostones of the Montejo de la Vega Fm of Santonian age (Upper Cretaceous)—and the possible location of the quarry of the provenance of these stones was carried out. For this purpose, a comparative analysis was performed between the currently active quarry of La Vera Cruz n° 88 and the historical quarry of Zamarramala. The samples were characterized using a multidisciplinary approach, combining X-ray diffraction (XRD), polarized optical microscopy (POM), and scanning electron microscopy with microanalysis (SEM-EDX). The combined mineralogical, chemical, and textural characterization provided valuable information on historical provenance. The results show a significant correlation between the dolostone samples obtained from the church and both quarries. The integral characterization confirms the suitability of the dolostones identified in the currently active quarry, Vera Cruz n° 88, for the restoration of the Vera Cruz Church, ensuring the use of appropriate materials. This study contributes to the restoration efforts of the Vera Cruz Church by providing a deeper understanding of the historical origins of the building stones.

An assessment of the immune status of some stone quarry workers in Ondo state, Nigeria.

Stone quarry activities in Nigeria are mostly unregulated such that the workers in these quarries are continuously exposed to the inhalation of silica dust. It has been observed that silica dust particles negatively impact the health of stone quarry workers which usually manifest as respiratory difficulties, asthma-like illnesses and other adventitious events of the lungs. The study was designed to evaluate the probable immunological impact of silica dust inhalation from stone crushing by workers. Blood samples were collected from consenting workers and analyzed for total white blood cells and their subsets. Absolute CD4 cells numbers were also determined. The results indicated that neutrophils and eosinophils numbers increased significantly (P < .05) and CD4 counts declined significantly (P < .001). Alteration in these proportions is a pointer to the injurious impact of silica dust on the immune system of these workers. The findings in this study should spur actions in the education of these workers on the need for the use of proper personal protection equipment and the establishment of a scheme to periodically carry out a health assessment check to identity those at most risk of developing chronic illnesses.

Disaggregated effect of construction investments on the Saudi economy: a dynamic computable general equilibrium model of Saudi Arabia

The role of the construction industry in economic growth has been widely discussed in the extant literature, but existing studies have not investigated the disaggregated impact of construction investments on the production and social sectors. This study examines the disaggregated effect of construction investments on the Saudi economy. The study uses a social accounting matrix of Saudi Arabia and constructs a dynamic computable general equilibrium model. The findings reveal that construction investments significantly boosted GDP and aggregate investments in the first two periods; however, the growth declined in the following three periods. This finding underlines the importance of long-term investments in the construction sector and calls for continuous monitoring and updating of the investment policy for sustainable development. This study also presents the disaggregated impact of investments on the value-added by each sector of the economy. The ranking of sectors exhibits that mining and quarry activities underwent a high increase in value-added, second to construction activities. Other economic activities also experienced growth in value-added and some of them changed their ranks within the five years.

Socioeconomic and Environmental Impacts of Quarrying in Nigeria: A Comprehensive Review of Sustainable Quarrying Practices and Innovative Technologies

The quarrying industry in Nigeria has far-reaching socioeconomic and environmental implications that demand careful consideration of sustainable practices and innovative technologies. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted impacts of quarrying on local communities and the environment, highlighting challenges such as habitat destruction, air, noise,water pollution, environmental degradation, and socioeconomic disparities. Furthermore, it accesses current sustainable quarrying practices and innovative technologies to mitigate these impacts and improve efficiency. To address these challenges, this paper also emphasizes the importance of implementing robust policies and regulations governing quarrying activities in Nigeria. Through analysis of real-world examples, case studies, and existing literature, this review uncovers promising solutions that can enhance quarrying operations’ sustainability and environmental performance in Nigeria and worldwide. This paper unveils that, while quarrying is an important industry in Nigeria, it is critical to ensure it is carried out sustainably and responsibly. This can be achieved through improved regulations, strengthening sustainable quarrying practices, conducting thorough environmental impact assessments, establishing buffer zones around quarries, enforcing stricter pollution control measures, stakeholder engagement, and adoption of new technologies such as advanced blasting techniques, dust suppression technologies, automation and robotics machinery, water recycling, and treatment systems, waste recycling management, and reforestation and restoration techniques.It is evident that there are gaps and inconsistencies in Nigeria’s policy and regulatory framework, and there is a lack of research on the effective implementation of sustainable practices and new technologies. Therefore, further research is recommended on areas such as the lasting impact of sustainable practices, the potential of new technologies, and the enhancement of policy and regulatory frameworks to improve the sustainability and efficiency of quarrying operations in Nigeria.

Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution from Granite Quarrying in Akure, Nigeria

This study investigated the heavy metals pollution of granite quarrying activities in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. Three quarries and a control site were selected for this study. Plants and soil samples were collected at 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 m away from the crushing points, while samples were collected away from roadside for control. Water samples were collected at just a point. Concentration of heavy metals in collected samples was determined using Buck Scientific Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer model 210 VGP. The mean total heavy metal contents in C. odorata and P. purpurem collected within 0 to 200 m showed that Pb, Fe, Zn, Cr Co and Cd contents were above the WHO permissible limit while only Pb content (190.8, 299.20 and 208.80 ppm) and Fe (7559.50, 13386.50 and 19019.50 ppm for Dortmond, Ebenezer and Samchase quarries respectively) were above the permissible limit in soil samples. Elevated Pb, Fe, Cr, and Ni were recorded in water samples collected from quarry sites while values recorded for control sites falls within the permissible limit except for the lead concentration of 0.10 ppm as against the maximum concentration of 0.05 ppm set by WHO. Zn, Mn, Cd and and Cu were not detected in all water samples. Higher pH values were also recorded in soil and water samples from quarry sites. This study has shown that quarrying introduces toxic heavy metals into nearby environment.

Characteristics of airborne particles in stone quarrying areas: Human exposure assessment and mitigation

This investigation aims to assess the levels of human exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) in various locations of a natural stone quarry for the first time based on simultaneous measurements of both PM mass and number concentrations (PMC and PNC). A quarry located in Danang city, Vietnam, considered to be a “hotspot” of air pollution in the city, was selected for detailed investigations. Both PMC and PNC were found to be significantly higher (1.2–6.0 times) within the quarry compared to surrounding areas. Mechanical activities during mining, notably crushing, screening, hauling, and loading stones, contributed to increased emissions of PM in the coarser mode (1–10 μm) compared to the accumulation mode (0.1–1 μm) and thus increased deposition of PM1-10 in the human upper respiratory tract. In contrast, combustion activities, especially the diesel engine exhaust from various machines and vehicles used in the quarry, resulted in increased emissions of small particles in the accumulation mode that dominated the PNC and in their deposition in the lower respiratory tract. Simultaneous measurements of PNC and PMC revealed that the PM counts were strongly associated with PM deposition in the alveolar region (accounting for ≈ 76% of total PNC of particles less than 10 μm, N10), while the PM mass concentration was a better indicator of the deposition of PM in the head airway region (≈92% of total PMC of PM10). Overall, this study demonstrates the significance of measuring both PNC and PMC to assess PM exposure levels, regional respiratory doses, and potential health effects associated with human exposure to PM generated from stone quarrying activities. The novelty of this work is the integration of real-time mass and number concentrations of PM over the size range from 20 nm to 10 μm to provide insights into respiratory deposited doses of size-fractionated PM among quarry workers.

Socio-Economics and Health Impact of Quarry Sites on the Surrounding Localities in Ogun State, Nigeria

Rock quarry provides needed materials used in the road and building construction thus has significant impact on the economy. The aim of this investigation is to look into the socio-economics and health impact of the quarry sites on the surrounding locations in Ogun State. Two hundred copies of structured questionnaire were administered to elicit socio-economic, health, and environmental impact information in eight locations, namely Isara, Igodo, Ilagbe, Baaki Ake, Adelokun, Idode, Ogbere, and Iwaye; while reported diseases data were collected from six Local Government Areas (LGAs) health centres. Data collected were subjected to both inferential and differential statistics using a statistical package for science (SAS 94.0) version. The diseases commonly suffered by the residents were insomnia (34.8 %) Iwaye (Ijebu North east LGA), malaria (63.6 %) Ogbere (Ijebu East LGA), catarrh (40.9 %) Kajola (Owode/Obafemi LGA), skin irritation (46.7 %) Isara (Remo LGA), headache (42.1 %) and cough (31.6 %) Odeda (Odeda LGA),. The environmental impacts of quarrying activities revealed that nearby residents were negatively affected while their economic status was better. In conclusion, the environmental and health impacts of quarrying activities revealed that nearby residents were negatively affected.

Environmental Effect of Quarry Site on the Adjoining Neighborhood in Oluyole Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria

This study assessed the environmental impact of the quarry site on the adjoining neighbourhood in Oluyole Local Government Area, Ibadan, and Oyo State. The healthy city concept provided an anchor for the research. The mixed-methods and cross-sectional survey research design were used. Primary and secondary data sources were used. Using systematic random technique, three hundred and eleven (311) copies of questionnaires were administered to households in the selected houses within 1km of a purposively selected quarry site. The variables that were investigated include the socio-economic characteristics, challenges associated with quarry sites, quarrying activities effect on human properties and psychological health, the coping mechanisms adopted by the people in the neighbourhood. The study revealed that residents of the neighbourhood close to the quarry site were faced with the following prevalent challenges; ground vibration as a result of blasting (FEI 4.81); noise from heavy machines, hauling and processing vehicles, as well as rock blasting (FEI 4.66); quarrying activities producing noise (FEI 4.23). Therefore, there should be more proactive measure in enforcing the environmental protection laws and regulations guiding the location of quarry sites.

The Long-Term Detection of Suspended Particulate Matter Concentration and Water Colour in Gravel and Sand Pit Lakes through Landsat and Sentinel-2 Imagery

Over the past half century, the demand for sand and gravel has led to extensive quarrying activities, creating many pit lakes (PLs) which now dot floodplains and urbanized regions globally. Despite the potential importance of these environments, systematic data on their location, morphology and water quality remain limited. In this study, we present an extensive assessment of the physical and optical properties in a large sample of PLs located in the Po River basin (Italy) from 1990 to 2021, utilizing a combined approach of remote sensing (Landsat constellation and Sentinel-2) and traditional limnological techniques. Specifically, we focused on the concentration of Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) and the dominant wavelength (λdom, i.e., water colour). This study aims to contribute to the analysis of PLs at a basin scale as an opportunity for environmental rehabilitation and river floodplain management. ACOLITE v.2022, a neural network particularly suitable for the analysis of turbid waters and small inland water bodies, was used to atmospherically correct satellite images and to obtain SPM concentration maps and the λdom. The results show a very strong correlation between SPM concentrations obtained in situ and those obtained from satellite images, both for data derived from Landsat (R2 = 0.85) and Sentinel-2 images (R2 = 0.82). A strong correlation also emerged from the comparison of spectral signatures obtained in situ via WISP-3 and those derived from ACOLITE, especially in the visible spectrum (443–705 nm, SA = 10.8°). In general, it appeared that PLs with the highest mean SPM concentrations and the highest mean λdom are located along the main Po River, and more generally near rivers. The results also show that active PLs exhibit a poor water quality status, especially those of small sizes (&lt;5 ha) and directly connected to a river. Seasonal comparison shows the same trend for both SPM concentration and λdom: higher values in winter gradually decreasing until spring–summer, then increasing again. Finally, it emerged that the end of quarrying activity led to a reduction in SPM concentration from a minimum of 43% to a maximum of 72%. In this context, the combined use of Landsat and Sentinel-2 imagery allowed for the evaluation of the temporal evolution of the physical and optical properties of the PLs in a vast area such as the Po River basin (74,000 km2). In particular, the Sentinel-2 images consistently proved to be a reliable resource for capturing episodic and recurring quarrying events and portraying the ever-changing dynamics of these ecosystems.

Environmental assessment of heavy metal contamination at Chekfa aggregate quarry (Jijel, North‐East Algeria)

AbstractIt is fascinating to observe the potential hazards associated with mining and quarrying activities, despite the limited number of comprehensive studies conducted in Algeria to evaluate their environmental impact. This particular investigation focuses on El M'cif quarry in Chekfa, located within the Nil watershed in Jijel, a region situated in the North‐East of Algeria. The primary objective is to assess the concentrations of lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and cadmium (Cd) in surface water, groundwater, stream sediments, and soil. Consequently, a suite of petrographic and geochemical analyses is undertaken to discern the origins of these heavy metals. Employing statistical methodologies, notably the Geo‐accumulation Index (Igeo), Pollution Index (PI+PI), and Ecological Risk Assessment (ER), this study is further fortified to quantify the levels of hazardous contaminants. The findings reveal that the concentrations of Cd and Pb in surface water are recorded at 22 and 654.3 μg/L, respectively, surpassing both Algerian and WHO standards. Meanwhile, the heavy metal concentrations in stream sediments are ranked in the order of Zn &gt; Cu &gt; Cd, with respectively mean concentrations of 1085.30, 14.60, and 1.49 (mg/kg). The mean concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cd, and Cu in soil are measured respectively at 219.78, 128.86, 20.76, and 2.42 (mg/kg). Based on the statistical methods such as I‐geo, PI, IPI, and RI, the research reveals that the sediments of the Aftis River are uncontaminated by Cu, moderately to heavily contaminated with Zn and heavily contaminated by Cd. Besides the soil samples which are found to be extremely contaminated with Cd, moderately contaminated with Pb, and uncontaminated with Cu and Zn. Additionally, the X‐ray fluorescence analysis reveals that the limestone extracted from the quarry contains 0.7% cadmium, suggesting that the quarry could potentially contribute to cadmium contamination. The surrounding rocks exhibit significant concentrations of iron, lead, and zinc. Therefore, the elevated levels of these heavy metals can primarily be attributed to geological factors rather than human activities, highlighting the combined influence of the extractive industry and the geological environment.

Impact of Particulate Matter as an Air Quality Pollutant Released from Quarry Activities in Akamkpa, Cross River State, Nigeria

This study examines the impact of particulate matter (PM2.5) and (PM10) as an air quality pollutant released from quarry operations at a quarry site in Akamkpa, Cross River State, Nigeria. Rock quarrying is the practice of obtaining quarry materials, typically rocks, from above or below land surfaces and crushing or grinding them into fragments to produce various rock sizes. For air quality assessment, concentrations of the air pollutants were measured at different locations within and around the quarry site, from a height of 1.5m above ground level. Highly sensitive digital portable meter was used for the measurement of PM2.5 and PM10. The Inverse Distance Weighted model (IDW) tool in ArcGIS was used to perform a spatial interpolation analysis on the data measured from the field monitoring during the dry and wet seasons. The findings indicate that during the dry season, PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations ranged from 292µg/m3 to 127.33µg/m3 and from 377.67µg/m3 to 222.67µg/m3 respectively, while during the wet season, they ranged from 239.67µg/m3 to 92.00µg/m3 and from 276.33µg/m3 to 124µg/m3. The findings suggest that residents of the study area should limit their exposure, especially during the dry season.

Shrinkage performance and modelling of concretes incorporating crushed limestone sand with a high content of fillers for pavement slabs

Because of the gradual depletion of gravel and river sand resources and restrictions on quarrying activities to maintain the ecological balance, limestone crushed sand with a high content of limestone fillers is being explored to be used, as an alternative source of supply, in Portland cement concrete (PCC) for rigid pavement. This paper aims to first present mechanical test results carried out on three types of PCC formulated with crushed limestone sand as fine aggregates, devoid of superplasticizers. Since shrinkage cracking is an important problem for rigid pavement, the shrinkage behaviour of these concretes is then experimentally investigated. Furthermore, three existing models (ACI-209, Eurocode2, and triple-sphere models) and a novel-developed model are used to estimate the mixtures’ shrinkage. Results showed that the designed mixtures exhibited normal shrinkage values. The shrinkage modelling revealed that the proposed model well fitted the experimental data. Besides, Eurocode2 and ACI-209 models may be adapted for the case of limestone concretes containing a high content of limestone fillers and then used to accurately estimate their shrinkage strains. However, the triple-sphere model was unsuitable for these concretes and overestimated their ultimate shrinkage since it does not take into account their high filler content. Nevertheless, by adjusting the paste shrinkage expression, the ultimate shrinkage strain values of the tested mixtures were improved.

Reconstruction of an Ancient Hill Used as an On-Site Quarry: Castrum Zerzevan (SE-Türkiye)

ABSTRACT The Roman period Castrum Zerzevan is on a hill 35 km south of Diyarbakır, Türkiye. Various field evidence (e.g. petrographic similarities, sudden changes of the topographic contours, the morphology of the nearby hills, and traces of the on-site quarry activities) suggests that the topography of the hilltop was artificially modified and used as a quarry. This study aims to introduce an approach that creates the ancient topography and calculates and verifies the volume of the on-site material required to build the fortification and associated structures by applying morphological analyses. The primary objective of the methodology is to reconstruct the site’s ancient topography and examine the difference between its former and present surfaces. The result indicates that approximately 36% of the extracted material was used in the enclosure. The overall findings and site investigations suggest quarrying and construction activities were carried out in a planned manner or concurrently at the site. In addition to the collected samples’ petrographic and geochemical similarities, the Castrum‘s topographical modifications and the suitability of the geological unit as a building material support our claim that the Romans were well aware of environmental conditions (including topography and morphology) and material performance.

Determination of Activity Levels 226ra, 232th and 40k in some Soil Samples of Federal Polytechnic Kaltungo Main Campus Using Gamma Ray Spectrometry

This paper presents an investigation on radioactivity level of radioactive elements within Federal Polytechnic Kaltungo Main Campus. A total of forty (40) soil samples were analyzed using Gamma-Ray Spectrometry of 76×76mmNaI (TI) detector crystal with radioactivity activity concentration of potassium (40K), Radium (226Ra) and Thorium (232Th) were determined within the study area. Results obtained showed the highest activity concentration of 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th from locations AB3 (898.7365 Bq/kg), AB3 (107.7457 Bq/kg) and AB2 (243.1510 Bq/kg) respectively. The mean activity of 206.7681 Bq/kg obtained for 40K was seen to be lower than the world average of 420 Bq/kg while the mean activity concentrations of 232Th (95.393 Bq/kg) was above the world average of 50 Bq/kg. These upshots could be attributed to the presence of mountains which surround the polytechnic and the quarry activity taking place close to the polytechnic. Equally, Thorium. 226 Ra also had a lowest mean activity concentration of 43.8600 Bq/kg, which is also lower than the world average of 370 Bq/kg. In-situ dose rate measurement of the study area was also carried out using a Radiation Alert Inspector meter and the background radiation reading obtained was seen to fall within a range of 0.11µsv/hr - 0.21µsv/hr, which did not exceed the 1mSv/yr as recommended by National Council on Radiation Protection (NCRP).

The drone-borne magnetic survey as the optimal strategy for high-resolution investigations in presence of extremely rough terrains: The case study of the Taverna San Felice quarry dike

In the Taverna San Felice limestone active quarry (Italy) excavation has progressively exposed a magmatic dike embedded in a calcareous succession. The dike outcrops are scattered among the high vertical steps of the quarry, whereas outside the excavated area the steep mountain slope covered by a dense bush vegetation make direct inspection and geological mapping a challenging task. To map the areal extension of the dike and to define its direction and its relationship with tectonic lines over an area larger than the quarry, a magnetic survey was performed. Given the above-mentioned extremely rugged terrain, a UAV-based magnetic survey was the preferred acquisition strategy. Data were acquired by rigidly fixing the magnetometer to the UAV landing sled, using a sensor with a very high-frequency (1000 Hz) acquisition rate. The acquisition strategy and some simple processing steps resulted in a detailed drone-borne total field anomaly map. This dataset allowed for a mapping of the dike outside the quarry area and the identification of a vent fed by the dike. The 2D forward modelling of the magnetic data was constrained by a field estimation of the intensity of the total magnetization and by the depth to the dike's top, in places where it is outcropping.

Influence of mineral raw material processing on the qualitative and quantitative indicators of crushed stone production

Purpose. Explore the impact of raw material processing stages on qualitative and quantitative production indicators and devise technological schemes for processing mineral raw materials to produce crushed stone products. Methodology. The study employs theoretical analysis, information systematization, and generalization of key physical and mechanical properties of rocks suitable for construction materials. We investigate the nuances in utilizing various crushers based on productivity and input material size. Additionally, technological schemes for crushing and sorting plants are visualized using AutoCAD to obtain finished crushed stone products for concrete and asphalt mixtures. Findings. The study revealed that the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of finished products are influenced by various factors, including the granulometric composition of the raw material, type and number of impurities, presence of vises and needle-shaped grains, number of crushing stages, screening requirements at individual stages, and the type of crushing equipment. Efficiency of the complex is contingent upon the optimization and calculations of the technological line for each specific raw material type. Performance indicators of crushing equipment types can be calculated based on productivity. Common typical technological schemes have been identified, adaptable to specific production conditions. Originality. Optimal typical technological schemes for mineral raw material processing have been identified. These schemes are adaptable to variable productivity and quality requirements for finished products, particularly with a three-stage crushing scheme. Practical implications. Proposed technological schemes enable continuous and cost-effective crushing, reducing power supply delays due to clogging of the feeding hole. These schemes also enhance operating conditions for lining, contributing to the prolonged service life of crushers. The application of these schemes is particularly beneficial in the active quarries of Ukraine for the extraction and processing of raw materials to produce crushed stone products.