Quality Principles Research Articles

Perception of Quality Culture in Small and Medium Enterprise

This research determines appropiate ways to assess a small and medium enterprise’s current perception of quality culture. To accomplish this, a questionnaire was developed, based upon eight quality principles of International Standardization Organization (ISO). Two small and medium enterprises (SME’s) were agreed to participate in this research. Result indicate that there are the differences in quality perception between two SME’s especially for leadership, involvement of people, process approach, continual improvement, and mutually beneficial supplier relationships. We proposed 7 ways to build quality culture in SME’s i.e. declare company values, training of quality culture awareness, focus on quality in every activity, controlling document, communicate with management and regulators, find the feedback, and build the foundation of quality culture.

PARADIGM OF FORMATION OF SUSTAINABILITY OF METHODOLOGY OF SAFETY AND QUALITY OF LIFE ON THE BASIS OF MAINTENANCE OF SYSTEM OF NOOSPHERE EDUCATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION

Scientific (scientific and technical) multidisciplinary project activities for the formation of methodology of security and quality of life through the development of the noospheric education system require studying, developing, implementing and testing multivariate models and characteristics of modernized training system for specialists and professionals of a new kind, which are able to confront the global environmental challenges. Such training system provides the implementation of the system administration methodology of multuvariate noosphere-oriented training models (based on the principles of safety and quality of life), retraining, advanced training and training of kindergarden teacher – school teacher – university teacher – mentor – scientist – person engaged in study process. The study takes into account the next principles and approaches: 1) noospheric, qualchoice, futuristic, constructive-problematic, situational-innovative, energetic and goal-oriented, normative-axiological, culturological, system approach, information approach, synergetic, integrated, problem scenario approach, structural-functional, genetic and morphological, socio-cultural approach etc. as the scientific knowledge of the system state and development; 2) integrated methodology functions (critical and expert, criteria and indicative orientation (targeted), analytically relevant such as heuristic, instrumental, technological, predictive, philosophical, creative etc.) aimed at the prediction, remediation and prevention of environmental risks and civilizational development dangers. These functions include educational and research modules of noospherology, the system administration methodology, qualchoice (safety and quality of life), forecasting and modeling positive psycho-emotional development; 3)development of online workshop network to prepare job seekers (holders of educational and academic degrees) out of all stakeholder categories; 4) integration of the multivariate semantics of the higher education institutions and scientific institutions in the fields of ecology, environmental protection and balanced nature management, governance and public administration, pedagogy, contributing to the institutional modernization of cross-border collaboration at the global, regional, national and institutional levels, as well as administrative management of the portability of scientific-methodical and information-analytical network of logistics, based on the system of noospheric education on the principles of autonomy, accessibility, continuity, academic mobility, ethics and integrity, health of the nation in the consortium of universities for the sake of security guarantees and the quality of life in biosocial dimension.The modern methodological directions of safety and quality of life research are formulated in the global dimension. The current state of the problem is also characterized in the research. The target component of the actualized scientific problem is concretized due to contradictions, methods and means of research. The novelty and structure of the sphere of scientific research are determined. The author's interpretation presents the definition of "methodology of safety and quality of life on the basis of noosphere education", highlights the stages of research, proposes a hypothesis of scientific direction, its novelty and provides the conclusions to achieve the benefits of its relevance.Key words: methodology of education and science system management, noosphere development, safety and quality of life, human ecology, ecological and educational policy, qualitology, network associations, global ecological challenges and dangers, socio-ecological comfort of environment, harmony of perception and reflection of personality in conditions of civilization development bifurcation.

Teaching Accompaniment in Colombia's Official Educational Institutions

This article presents an analysis of the quality principles for the teaching accompaniment of the official educational institutions of the city of Montería. A questionnaire with 36 reagents (Likert type scale) was applied to 341 teachers and their answers were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Additionally, the chi-square test and V Cramer were used to determine the existence of relationships and their strength. The main results refer to the existence of a relationship between the principles of quality and teacher accompaniment in the official educational institutions of the city of Montería.

Excellence in Sustainable Management in a Changing Environment

In the current changing environment, organizations need to evolve from a profitable perspective to a more sustainable focus. To deal with this change, the implementation of specific quality models and principles might help. Thus, the present article aims to study whether sustainable management can be achieved in specific organizations (enterprises, associations, and government institutions) by identifying the EFQM principles. Moreover, it analyses which of these quality principles positively and directly impacts the performances studied (environmental, social, and economic). To achieve these objectives, Ordinal Logistic Regression (ORL) was performed using data corresponding to the sample compiled by the Càtedra Universitària de Responsabilitat Social (RSU) from University of Girona. The research results indicate that implementing specific quality principles all the dimensions improved; thus, the organization becomes more sustainable. The value of this research lies in its contribution to the sustainable management literature; adds knowledge to the ongoing debate about the possible influence of TQM principles on the specific dimensions of sustainable management and highlight the importance of having a clear strategy to obtain the highest sustainable performance.

Methodology of Safety and Quality of Life on the Basis of Noospheric Education System Formation

Scientific (scientific and technical) multidisciplinary project activities for the formation of methodology of security and quality of life through the development of the noospheric education system require studying, developing, implementing and testing multivariate models and characteristics of modernized training system for specialists and professionals of a new kind, which are able to confront the global environmental challenges. Such training system provides the implementation of the system administration methodology of multuvariate noosphere-oriented training models (based on the principles of safety and quality of life), retraining, advanced training and training of kindergarden teacher – school teacher – university teacher – mentor – scientist – person engaged in study process. The study takes into account the next principles and approaches: 1) noospheric, qualchoice, futuristic, constructive-problematic, situational-innovative, energetic and goal-oriented, normative-axiological, culturological, system approach, information approach, synergetic, integrated, problem scenario approach, structural-functional, genetic and morphological, socio-cultural approach etc. as the scientific knowledge of the system state and development; 2) integrated methodology functions (critical and expert, criteria and indicative orientation (targeted), analytically relevant such as heuristic, instrumental, technological, predictive, philosophical, creative etc.) aimed at the prediction, remediation and prevention of environmental risks and civilizational development dangers. These functions include educational and research modules of noospherology, the system administration methodology, qualchoice (safety and quality of life), forecasting and modeling positive psycho-emotional development; 3) development of online workshop network to prepare job seekers (holders of educational and academic degrees) out of all stakeholder categories; 4) integration of the multivariate semantics of the higher education institutions and scientific institutions in the fields of ecology, environmental protection and balanced nature management, governance and public administration, pedagogy, contributing to the institutional modernization of cross-border collaboration at the global, regional, national and institutional levels, as well as administrative management of the portability of scientific-methodical and information-analytical network of logistics, based on the system of noospheric education on the principles of autonomy, accessibility, continuity, academic mobility, ethics and integrity, health of the nation in the consortium of universities for the sake of security guarantees and the quality of life in biosocial dimension. The modern methodological directions of safety and quality of life research are formulated in the global dimension. The current state of the problem is also characterized in the research. The target component of the actualized scientific problem is concretized due to contradictions, methods and means of research. The novelty and structure of the sphere of scientific research are determined. The author’s interpretation presents the definition of “methodology of safety and quality of life on the basis of noosphere education”, highlights the stages of research, proposes a hypothesis of scientific direction, its novelty and provides the conclusions to achieve the benefits of its relevance.

ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ОСОБИСТІСНИХ ЯКОСТЕЙ МАЙБУТНІХ ВЧИТЕЛІВ МУЗИКИ ЗАСОБАМИ КОМПЛЕКСНОЇ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ МИСТЕЦТВ

The article analyzes the professional and personal qualities that create a system of ideas, notions, concepts for personal development during professional training and musical and pedagogical activities of a future teacher in terms of effective pedagogical activities. The definition of "personal qualities" and "professional-personal qualities" is considered, the structure of creative personality qualities and search of natural bases of arts interaction is presented. Professionally important qualities affect the effectiveness of activity. The most important professional qualities of a teacher include the ability to understand students, the ability to exppain the material easily, respond quickly to pedagogical situations, the ability to a particular subject. Not less important role is played by special qualities such as persuasiveness, purposefulness, principledness, creativity, as they contribute to the optimization of pedagogical activities. The set of certain qualities of the teacher's personality, which is caused by the high level of his psychological and pedagogical readiness, the ability to optimally solve pedagogical problems, manifests itself in the pedagogical skills of the teacher. In this context, the author emphasizes the teacher’s personality, which in addition to a set of constituent properties and characteristics, is characterized by a developed motivational orientation and a focused process of communication with various kinds of art. Studying the problem of complex arts interaction we have found out that there has become extremely important the issues related to the need to pay more attention to the principles of professional and personal qualities of music teachers, pedagogical rethinking of fundamental musical and general artistic knowledge and skills in the learning process. Supervising students during the pedagogical practice has shown that many of them have difficulties with the involvement of artistic images of other kinds of arts and verbal application of specific musical and general artistic knowledge in the process of musical education of schoolchildren. In preparing the lesson, the future teacher should take care of the selection of tools and the organization of effective, pedagogically appropriate interaction of music images, literature and fine arts. We pay special attention to the process of creating an image based on artistic analogies in different kinds of arts. Taking into account the pedagogical potential of artistic analogies, which allow to direct the process of communication with different kinds of arts, the following methods were proposed: image-associative, analytical-formative, artistic-formative. The definition of the essence of professional and personal qualities of a music teacher, its component structure and principles of formation by means of complex interaction of arts is interpreted by us as an actual and essential problem of further development of pedagogical science.

Teaching Manufacturing Processes Using a Flipped Classroom Model

Manufacturing processes is a key subject in undergraduate engineering curricula, and ideally blends theory with hands-on activities and exposure to manufacturing practice. Therewith, the emergence of scalable, versatile digital learning tools and techniques suggests that manufacturing courses should explore how to maximize the use and value of in-person teaching time. This paper describes the application of a flipped classroom model to undergraduate manufacturing processes courses at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the University of Michigan. In the flipped classroom approach, pre-recorded lecture videos are provided to students, and in-class time is used for hands-on activities and/or labs, thereby promoting discussion and interaction among students and staff. Together, the combination of online preparation and in-person learning is designed to: (1) study manufactured products, and relate observations to fundamental principles; (2) encourage formulation of questions based on open-ended topics; (3) practice written, verbal, and graphical communication skills; and (4) build a layered understanding of manufacturing as a complex system that connects process physics to overarching principles of rate, quality, cost, and flexibility. We also share our experiences teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic, which necessitated a balance of remote and in-person learning, and comment on emerging curriculum elements including use of augmented reality.

Knowledge management systems in Quality 4.0

Quality management has evolved throughout time in ways that allowed companies to adapt quality practices and principles into their activities in order to provide better products/services to their customer. The latest trends point to the pivotal role that quality plays in the Industry 4.0 era, where it is expected to synergize with Industry 4.0 practices in order to ensure that not only products are built faster and cheaper but also that they can meet the quality expectations of the customers. This gave birth to the concept of Quality 4.0, a new way of managing quality which uses modern technologies such as: IoT, Blockchain, Big data, AI and sensors in order to gather relevant information, monitor process performance and act preemptively in regard to the quality of the process output. An issue that emerges however, is identifying the relevant data and ways to manage it as this is considered to be a major obstacle in the implementation of Quality 4.0 practices. The research focuses on providing the foundational base for Knowledge management practices of companies looking to embrace Quality 4.0 to ensure that these companies use relevant data in their daily activities.

Nutritional, anti-nutritional evaluation, and element analysis of Trichosanthes lobata Roxb. (Cucurbitaceae) through inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry technique

Background: The search for a drug from plant source starts with its investigations on primary and preliminary compositions that further lead the research in its right path. Objective: The objective is to investigate the organoleptic, proximate composition and to quantify the mineral, nutritional, and anti-nutritional values of Trichosanthes lobata Roxb. Materials and Methods: Organoleptic, macroscopic, microscopic, physicochemical, proximate, nutritional, anti-nutritional compositions of T. lobata leaves and stem were evaluated using standard methods. Further mineral composition of the species was analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry technique. Results: The organoleptic, macroscopic, microscopic, physicochemical, and proximate analysis revealed the good quality, purity, and active principles in the T. lobata. All the evaluations concluded that the leaf of the species possess better compositions that the stem. The fair quantity of carbohydrate (27.32 mg GU eq./g), starch (32.44 mg GU eq./g), protein (52.49 mg bovine serum albumin eq./g), amino acid (33.77 mg LE eq./g), Vitamin C (12.68 mg ascorbic acid equivalent eq./g), and Vitamin E (8.21 mg α-TOP eq./g) were seen in leaves. Similarly, minerals such as magnesium, potassium, calcium, sodium, lithium, iron, zinc, aluminum, copper, nickel, and chromium were found in notable quantities in leaves. The anti nutritional analysis of trypsin inhibitors (0.013 TIU/mg), oxalate (0.002%), cyanogen (below detection level (BDL)), and phytic acid (BDL) indicates the low toxicity profile of the species. All the results satisfy the requirements and receive the toxicity boundaries set by the World Health Organization and EFSA. Conclusion: T. lobata leaves possess notable nutritional values.

WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF YASSIALAN DAM LAKE(KARADENIZ REGION, TURKEY) BY USING PRINCIPAL COMPONENTANALYSIS AND WATER QUALITY INDEX

Aim of the study: In this research, spatial – temporal variations of water quality in Yassıalan Dam Lake were investigated by determining a total of 28 limnologic parameters and by using Water Quality Index (WQI) and Principle Component (PCA). Material and methods: Water samples were collected from seven stations selected on the reservoir monthly in 2018 – 2019 and total of 28 water quality parameters were measured in water samples. WQI was used for evaluating the water quality by using the parameters of pH, EC, Cl, NO2, NO3, SO4, Na, Pb, Cu, Cd, Hg, Ni, Zn and PCA was used for evaluating the water quality by using the variables of pH, BOD, EC, salinity, dissolved oxygen, total hardness, temperature, total alkalinity, Hg, Ca, NO3, NO2, NH4, SO4, Mg, Ca, Fe, Ni, Cl, Zn, Cd, S, Na, K, Pb, Cu. Results and conclusions: According to data observed, water of the Yassıalan Dam Lake has 1st – 2nd Class water quality in general and according to the results of WQI, although it was determined that the water quality decreased significantly in summer period, the reservoir was found as "A Grade – Excellent" water quality (<50) in all the investigated months and at all the investigated stations. WQI values recorded in the dam lake were found as 15.3 – 26.1 and the detected limnologic parameters did not exceed the specified drinking water standards in all the investigated months and at all the investigated stations. According to the results of PCA, 3 factors explained 84.2% of total variances.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ НА ПРИКЛАДІ ДНІПРОПЕТРОВСЬКОГО РЕГІОНУ

A global imperative that is especially relevant for Ukraine in view of the social, environmental and economic challenges of sustainable development is to ensure sustainable development. Therefore, addressing the topic of prospects for the development of infrastructure in the country's regions, given the fact that Ukraine is currently moving towards the implementation of a wide range of reforms aimed at improving the welfare of the population is a very important topic. First, because the components of the infrastructure are the main principles of quality of life, which affect the level of satisfaction of citizens. Secondly, a highly developed infrastructure complex is able to bring the country to a whole new European level of development. In terms of infrastructure development, the following priority areas are: housing and communal services, transport and communications, medicine, education, recreation system, ecology, social security, culture, as the most important systems that ensure the gradual sustainable development of each region, and the country as a whole. Despite the sufficient attention of state and regional authorities to the development of infrastructure in many regions of the country, there are still problems of existing infrastructure facilities, such as - educational, cultural, sports, medical, preschool educational institutions and schools, hospitals, etc. The degree of wear of which sometimes reaches 60%. In addition, there are problems with the provision of urban and regional transport to meet the existing needs of residents of the city and its remote areas, which provokes significant time to travel, and so on. In general, the quality of most social infrastructure facilities leaves much to be desired, which determines the high degree of relevance of the topic of this article. The article analyzes the current state of educational institutions, health care and transport infrastructure of the Dnipropetrovsk region, identifies urgent problems. In addition, the problems of the development of transport infrastructure (insufficient number of transport units, its unsatisfactory technical condition, frequent breakdowns, high level of wear, etc.) are highlighted, which requires taking measures to increase the level of accessibility and comfort of transport in the region.

ANALISIS PRINSIP KERJA SAMA DALAM GELAR WICARA INI TALKSHOW EPISODE “GANTIAN NAJWA SHIHAB YANG WAWANCARA SULE DAN ANDRE”

Talk show one of the television shows that people like. The title of the talk, which is the object of this research, is the Ini Talkshow episode "Change of Najwa Shihab's Interview with Sule and Andre." The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The results of the study found 24 data on the principle of cooperation in conversation with details, 5 data on compliance and 2 data on violation of the quantity principle, 3 data on compliance and 5 data on violation of the principle of quality, 1 data on compliance and 3 data on violation of the principle of relevance, 0 data on compliance and 5 data on violation principles of how/implementation. Found 9 data on compliance and 15 data on violations of the principle of the same ape thimble in the conversation on this talk show episode "Change for Najwa Shibah, an interview with Sule and Andre." These data reinforce that the violations of the principle of cooperation in conversations on the Ini Talkshow program were carried out to build an atmosphere of humor and laughter from the audience.

Quality Standards and Techniques for the Application of Focused Shockwaves and Radial Pressure Waves in Musculoskeletal Disorders

Focused shockwaves and radial pressure waves are safe and effective if used correctly. Nevertheless, poor results and complications have been described due to missdiagnosis and technical errors. The aim of this review is to introduce the basic principles of quality and technical recommendations for each method. Keywords: Shock waves, Radial pressure waves, Quality standards

Open Science as a Component of Transparent Information Space for Scientists: Domestic And Foreign Context

The use of open science in the scientific activities of institutions allows to increase the level of information access and transparency of information about the results of scientific research and its promotion in the world. In turn, we need leverage and effective mechanisms to increase the level of transparency in the dissemination of science and the ability to obtain input from research. This article analyzes the work of representatives of national and international scientific schools on the study of open science and its impact on the scientific activity of organizations. The conceptual category of «open science» is considered. The main components of open science in the system of scientific activity of organizations are studied, which include: easy access to scientific products, transparent review of research results, open methodological complex, accessible educational process and the possibility of using software products without limited access. The scientific principles of openness, which characterize the formation of open science, which include the principles of quality and integrity, benefits for society, equality and justice, diversity and inclusiveness. The practical mechanisms of the influence of open science on the scientific activity of institutions are studied. A comparative analysis of the practical implementation of open science in the European Union, the United States and the African continent. Author's proposals on the ways of development of open science and its impact on the scientific activity of institutions are formed, which include: increasing the transparency of information about the scientific results of institutions and scientific results of scientists; formation in society of positive views on the academic integrity of scientific products and services; raising the level of European integration processes of the domestic scientific space. The main conclusions of scientific research and outlined further ways of scientific research are formed.

ASSESSING THE IMPLICATIONS OF APPLYING THE SEVEN BASIC TOOLS OF QUALITY TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE THROUGH APPLICATION TO SOME TOURIST VILLAGES IN THE RED SEA GOVERNORATE.

Total quality management is considered one of the modern administrative concepts that institutions have come to emphasize and implement their programs because it helps to provide a suitable environment and allows the employment and exploitation of the capabilities of workers in institutions, and has become the way for organizations to remain and continue to exist in the world based on rapid movement and continuous development, so organizations must adopt administrative concepts Modernization and development of their systems and structures that are no longer suitable to meet the challenges and requirements of knowledge organizations if they want to achieve their goals efficiently and effectively, in terms of senior management's belief in the importance of employee participation in the planning process, encouraging workers to cooperate in solving work problems, awarding rewards according to efficiency, participation, and working on Continuous improvement of working conditions and continuous updating of the technology used with the need to continuously evaluate the level of services to ensure the quality of the services provided, the participation of all employees in training courses to prevent errors and motivate workers, and finally compare their performance with that of competitors. Therefore, the researchers in that study try to find out the effects of using the seven quality control methods on environmental performance. The researcher used the deductive approach with its tools of description, analysis, and appropriate statistical tests to test the validity of the hypotheses and answer the study’s questions. Therefore, the researcher took a simple random sample of tourism workers and tourists in Red Sea Governorate. starting from Zafarana in the north to Marsa Alam in the south, where the number reached (177) workers, and (123) tourists, and the study tools, represented in the survey form, were applied. The results indicated the existence of an impact relationship for the use of quality control methods to improve the environmental performance in the tourist villages and to activate Principles of total quality management in tourist villages, the study concluded with several recommendations, the most important of which is the activation of the use of quality control methods, the principles of total quality management in tourist villages, the activation of legal legislation for environmental protection and the follow-up of technical support for new projects so that they are based on sound quality principles and environmental foundations.

The Rise of the Personal Data Quality Principle. Is it Legal and Does it Have an Impact on the Right to Rectification?

EU data protection law anchors the principle of data accuracy and connects it to the right to rectification. Both provisions have remained underexplored in literature, leaving a signifi-cant academic gap. In the present paper I will argue that there is a tendency to replace ‘data accuracy’ with ‘data quality,’ which seems to subsume and go beyond classical accuracy elements, i.e. it is broader than accuracy. It also includes requirements on the quality of pro-cessing, not simply on the data pieces. Elements of data quality, as derived from non-legal disciplines, could be traced to different principles of EU data protection law. As a result, the scope of the right to rectification could be broader than it is currently argued to be and could give rise to a broader range of legitimate claims by data subjects.

Public policies in science, technology and innovation: the case of the regional atlantic icbf, colombia

El objetivo del artículo es identificar los elementos de la política pública en CTI presentes en los planes de desarrollo, tanto nacional como departamental, y su relación con los programas sociales que impulsa el Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar (ICBF), en el municipio Soledad del departamento del Atlántico, Colombia. Metodológicamente, se trata de una investigación descriptiva, con diseño no experimental, transeccional descriptivo. Su población corresponde a los programas institucionales del ICBF regional Atlántico, y la muestra está constituida por 24 coordinadores de unidades de servicio social que funcionan en el municipio de Soledad como iniciativa del ICBF. La técnica de recolección de datos empleada fue la encuesta, y como instrumento un cuestionario de 12 ítems con escala tipo Likert, con cinco alternativas de respuesta. Fue validado por 5 expertos y su confiabilidad calculada en 0.84 según el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. Como resultado se evidencia una alta presencia de todos los indicadores correspondientes a la dimensión, relacionados con los principios de oportunidad, calidad, transparencia y apropiación social. Con estos resultados se concluye que los servicios institucionales del ICBF se encuentran alineados con las metas estratégicas de los Programas de Desarrollo vigentes, tanto nacional como departamental, y a su vez con los alcances de la política pública en CTI.

Raman spectroscopy as process analytical tool in downstream processing of biotechnology

• Raman spectroscopy can promote the process analytical technologies in bioprocess. • Raman spectroscopy technique is an effective downstream bioprocess monitoring tool. • Chemometric approaches could enrich the sensitivity of Raman spectroscopy. Downstream processing or product recovery plays a vital role in the development of bioprocesses. To improve the bioprocess efficiency, some unconventional methods are much required. The continuous manufacturing in downstream processing makes the Process Analytical Technologies (PATs) as an important tool. Monitoring and controlling bioprocess are an essential factor for the principles of PAT and quality by design. Spectroscopic methods can apply to monitor multiple analytes in real-time with less sample processing with significant advancements. Raman spectroscopy is an extensively used technique as an analytical and research tool owing to its modest process form, non-destructive, non-invasive optical molecular spectroscopic imaging with computer-based analysis. Generally, its application is essential for the analysis and characterization of biological samples, and it is easy to operate with minimal sample. The innovation on various types of enhanced Raman spectroscopy was designed to enhance the Raman analytical technique. Raman spectroscopy could couple with chemometrics to provide reliable alternative analysis method of downstream process analysis. Thus, this review aims to provide useful insight on the application of Raman spectroscopy for PAT in downstream processing of biotechnology and Raman data analysis in biological fields.

Persistent symptoms after Covid-19: qualitative study of 114 \u201clong Covid\u201d patients and draft quality principles for services

BackgroundApproximately 10% of patients with Covid-19 experience symptoms beyond 3–4 weeks. Patients call this “long Covid”. We sought to document such patients’ lived experience, including accessing and receiving healthcare and ideas for improving services.MethodsWe held 55 individual interviews and 8 focus groups (n = 59) with people recruited from UK-based long Covid patient support groups, social media and snowballing. We restricted some focus groups to health professionals since they had already self-organised into online communities. Participants were invited to tell their stories and comment on others’ stories. Data were audiotaped, transcribed, anonymised and coded using NVIVO. Analysis incorporated sociological theories of illness, healing, peer support, clinical relationships, access, and service redesign.ResultsOf 114 participants aged 27–73 years, 80 were female. Eighty-four were White British, 13 Asian, 8 White Other, 5 Black, and 4 mixed ethnicity. Thirty-two were doctors and 19 other health professionals. Thirty-one had attended hospital, of whom 8 had been admitted. Analysis revealed a confusing illness with many, varied and often relapsing-remitting symptoms and uncertain prognosis; a heavy sense of loss and stigma; difficulty accessing and navigating services; difficulty being taken seriously and achieving a diagnosis; disjointed and siloed care (including inability to access specialist services); variation in standards (e.g. inconsistent criteria for seeing, investigating and referring patients); variable quality of the therapeutic relationship (some participants felt well supported while others felt “fobbed off”); and possible critical events (e.g. deterioration after being unable to access services). Emotionally significant aspects of participants’ experiences informed ideas for improving services.ConclusionSuggested quality principles for a long Covid service include ensuring access to care, reducing burden of illness, taking clinical responsibility and providing continuity of care, multi-disciplinary rehabilitation, evidence-based investigation and management, and further development of the knowledge base and clinical services.Trial registrationNCT04435041.

PHARMACEUTICO-ANALYTICAL STUDY OF SHODHITA SHILAJATU

In the Pharmaceutical process of different forms of medicines raw material & its quality plays an important role. During ancient time Vaidyas were themselves used to collect the raw materials herbs based on their occurrence and organoleptic characters, i.e., typical taste, texture, smell, color, and there types after selection they utilized them in preparing medicines. Based on their own observations, principles of drug processing and ideal quality of finished product, etc., have been documented by them. The principles were developed based upon the scientific parameters prevailing in those days. Materials and Method: Raw Shilajatu was subjected to Shodhana and Shodhita shilajatu was subjected to analytical study. The required materials for the process were collected from the Pharmacy of BLDEA's AVS Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya pharmacy Vijayapur, analytical lab. Raw drugs were purchased from Dorle and Sons retailer from Kolhapur Maharashtra. Shilajatu shodhana was carried out according to reference mentioned in Rasaratna samuchaya. Analytical tests concern Indian Pharmacopeia methods were followed. Result: Raw Shilajatu took 5 ½ hour to 6hour in Shodhan procedure in both batches. Three days for drying. In analytical tests physical constants like pH ash value, solubility, specific gravity, moisture content etc result values were under normal limit.