Qualified Workforce Research Articles

Determinants of foreign direct invesment in eight ASEAN countries

This research aims to analyze the influence of economic growth, labor, regulatory quality, political stability, and carbon emissions on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in eight member countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). With strong economic growth, a qualified workforce, good regulations, stable politics, and low environmental degradation, ASEAN member countries have great potential for investment, which generates long-term returns. This makes the ASEAN region interesting to analyze the factors that influence FDI in the region. Using the Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) method and secondary data from the World Bank, this study combines cross-sectional and time-series data to provide a comprehensive overview. The research findings indicate that variables such as labor, regulatory quality, political stability, and carbon emissions have a significant impact on foreign direct investment in ASEAN countries. These findings underscore the importance of these factors in determining the direction and volume of foreign investment. This study contributes significantly to understanding the dynamics of foreign investment in the ASEAN region and highlights the importance of efforts to improve political stability, regulatory quality, and manage carbon emissions to drive economic growth through foreign capital inflows. The implications of these findings can serve as a policy foundation for governments and stakeholders in ASEAN to enhance the attractiveness of foreign investment.

The Paradox of Upgrading: Standards of Social Reproduction and the Gendered Precarization of Garment Work in China

This article presents a comparative case study that traces the reconfiguration of production and social reproduction processes under China’s upgrading reform across the hometown and worksite of a group of internal migrant garment workers. Although an upgrading regime is expected to promote labor formalization, this empirical study documents a gendered precarization in garment work. Investigating this paradox, this article makes two contributions to scholarship on informal work and social reproduction. First, the study proposes an understudied yet crucial factor impacting informal work: the standard of social reproduction. The change in the standard of social reproduction alters the expectations for women’s unpaid childcare duties and may draw workers and micro-entrepreneurs into generating new configurations of informal work. Second, the study identifies the role of the Chinese state’s workforce quality discourse on the development of the standard of social reproduction and demonstrates the upgrading reforms’ contradictory expectations for female informal workers.

Professional Training in the Agricultural Sector. Case Study: Romania

Preparing a qualified workforce for the agricultural sector is a current issue at national levels in Romania an in the EU. The shortage of specialists in agriculture affects the western regions of Europe as well, but it is more acute in the newly joined EU states, which are experiencing labour migration to economically developed countries in search of better salaries and living conditions. The import of labour from non-EU regions, like the local workforce, faces the need for specialized training to meet European standards. This paper proposes an analysis of vocational training programs in Romania within the European context. The research utilized information provided by national statistics and authorized vocational training centers. The research results highlighted regional differences in the competitiveness of the agricultural sector, dependent on the presence of specialized training centers/programs for the agricultural sector. Developing vocational training courses tailored to regional specifics and market needs, and establishing partnerships between educational institutions, agricultural organizations, and public authorities are other requirements that emerged from the research. The absence of national improvement strategies and support measures for vocational training in Romania's agricultural sector can have a significant short- and medium-term impact, with negative trends in productivity, reduced access to technological innovation, increased unemployment rates, and labour migration.

Construction Projects Duration Derivatives, Correlations Analysis Justified by Frequency Count and Questionnaire

The performance of construction projects is often measured by the triad of cost, quality, and time. However, many projects fail to meet these criteria, leading to significant cost overruns and delays. This research investigates the micro-level factors contributing to time and cost overruns in construction projects. Utilising a mixed-methods approach, the study combines qualitative data from a comprehensive survey of field professionals and quantitative data from a detailed case study of a hospital construction project in northern Jordan. The findings reveal that changes during the project lifecycle, particularly those stemming from requirement modifications and miscommunication, are the primary drivers of delays. While the number of workforce personnel influences activity duration, its impact is secondary to that of changes. The study underscores the critical need for effective change management and communication strategies to mitigate delays and enhance project performance. These insights offer valuable contributions to the construction industry, providing practical recommendations for improving project outcomes through better management practices. The research emphasizes the importance of workforce quality, skill, and contractual arrangements, thereby presenting a comprehensive analysis of the factors affecting construction project success.

The Involvement of the Gampong Government in Aceh in Recruiting Local Workers to Prevent Violent Community Conflicts in the Corporate Environment

In Indonesia, the presence of foreign workers (TKA) has increased rapidly, reaching 110,833 people in 2022, a jump of 25.6% compared to the previous year. Although the contribution of foreign workers in development and investment is undeniable, conflicts often arise between foreign workers and local workers. Dissatisfaction with transparency and fairness in the process of accepting local workers, involving the Gampong government, has led to social tensions. Social jealousy, in which local communities feel marginalized, is often a trigger for conflict. This study aims to understand the form of conflict resolution carried out by the Gampong government on the policy of accepting local workers in the Company's environmental villages and the steps taken by the Gampong government to align the policy of accepting local workers with the needs and aspirations of the people of the company's environmental villages. Perspective of conflict resolution theory. Data collection is carried out through Live in, observation, in-depth interviews and the use of documents. The data analysis process is carried out interactively through stages; data collection, data verification, data patterns, data coding, data thematic networks, meaning and drawing conclusions. The conflict related to the policy of accepting local workers in Dewantara District is caused by the community's dissatisfaction with the company's policies. The solution involves an inclusive approach and dialogue between the company, government, and community. Steps such as mapping labor needs, training, and collaboration between sectors are crucial to improving the quality of the local workforce.

US sanctions, workforce dynamics, and corporate entrepreneurship: evidence from Iran

Purpose This study aims to explore how political sanctions imposed by the US government have influenced workforce dynamics and corporate entrepreneurship within Iranian listed firms. Design/methodology/approach The study utilizes a difference-in-differences approach to compare the workforce compositions and corporate entrepreneurship of Iranian listed firms subjected to US sanctions with those unaffected by sanctions both before and after the implementation of sanctions. The empirical analysis utilizes data from Iranian listed firms spanning from 2013 to 2023. Findings Our analysis reveals a significant decrease in employment rates among sanctioned firms, indicating a reduction in their workforce size. However, interestingly, we also observe a simultaneous positive effect on the educational qualifications of employees, as evidenced by increases in academic credentials and training hours, coupled with higher research and development (R&D) expenditures. These shifts in human capital investment and R&D spending contribute to a heightened level of entrepreneurship in the subsequent year. Furthermore, our findings suggest that firms enhance their entrepreneurial activities by prioritizing innovation in processes over exploring new business domains. Originality/value Through this investigation, our study elucidates the intricate relationship between sanctions and corporate entrepreneurship, highlighting a complex dynamic wherein sanctions, despite reducing workforce quantity, encourage investments in workforce quality and efficiency, ultimately fostering an environment conducive to enhanced entrepreneurship.

Comprehensive Review of Laboratory Automation, Quality Control, And Workforce Adaptation

There is a very close relationship that exists between the increased use of automation technology and the quality of diagnosis as well as the efficiency of the laboratory. Therefore, this review intends to describe the current position of automation for laboratory facilities and sample analysis and investigate its impact on quality control (QC), efficiency, and workforce flexibility. Automated technologies have been integrated into all functional ranges, beginning from sample management to result determination, increasing the sample & result turnaround time and accuracy. Nevertheless, automation and incorporation of technologies in laboratories have their own issues, such as quality assurance, human resource changes, and flow process challenges. This review summarizes the current literature with advances in laboratory automation, quality control, and workforce management, together with implications for the future of laboratories in clinical and research settings.

CDM FRAMEWORK FOR R&D–INNOVATION–PRODUCTIVITY RELATIONSHIP: THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL PERSPECTIVES

This research uses the CDM framework to examine the relationship between R&D investment, innovation activity, and firm-level productivity. The study provides clear insights into the mechanisms that link innovation and economic performance by addressing methodological challenges such as selectivity bias and simultaneity. The findings show that innovative firms experience higher productivity growth, with the impact varying across regions and industries. The research also defines five stylized facts: the positive influence of firm size and age on innovation, the role of competition in driving innovation, the importance of workforce qualifications and professional development, the complementary role of IT investments, and the significant effect of innovation on productivity growth. These insights form a foundation for policymaking that foster innovation and boost productivity growth.

THE EFFECT OF INCOME, CAREER DEVELOPMENT, AND LOCATION OF DUTY PLACE ON CIVIL SERVANT ENTRY MUTATION IN GOVERNMENT AGENCIES EAST LUWU REGENCY

This study aims to analyze the influence of income, career development, and duty location on civil servant entry mutations in East Luwu Regency government agencies. The research conducted is explanatory research using a quantitative approach. This research was carried out at the Office of the East Luwu Regency Human Resources and Development Agency (BKPSDM). Data was obtained based on the List of Requests for Mutation of Civil Servants (PNS) entering the East Luwu Regency Government from 2022 to 2024 totaling 71 people. Data was collected through questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis to test the hypothesis using the variation-based Structural Equation Model (VB SEM). Data processing using the help of the Smart PLS application 3.2.9. The results of the study show that income, career development, and location of duty places have a significant effect on the mutation of civil servants in the East Luwu Regency Government. Effective employee management to prevent mutations is a crucial aspect in human resource management. Transfers, or the transfer of employees either to other positions within the organization (internal mutations) or to other organizations (external mutations), can have a significant impact on operational stability, team morale, and recruitment and training costs. Therefore, an employee management strategy designed to retain a quality workforce is essential to maintain the efficiency and long-term success of the organization.

Tourism and Career Development in the Face of Seawater Threats: Understanding the Perspectives of Tourism and Hospitality Students from Coastal Areas

The subject of this paper stems from the potential threat to the development of tourism functions in coastal destinations, which carries significant consequences for the tourism labor market in these areas. This study examines the state and variability of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) and their potential impact on tourism, focusing on the Gdańsk agglomeration as a tourist hub in Northern Poland. Specifically, the research endeavors to explore the attitudes and career inclinations of prospective professionals in the tourism and hospitality (T&H) sector—students enrolled in higher educational institutions within the studied locale—toward the issue of cyanoHABs and its impact on their post-graduation employment aspirations within the T&H industry. The research employs both desk research methods and a structured questionnaire. The key findings reveal that despite the significant presence of cyanoHABs, particularly in July–August, there is also a peak in tourist flows. Thus, it is not definitively established that tourists select destinations based on the quality of water and beaches. Moreover, T&H students exhibit a comprehensive understanding of the cyanoHAB phenomenon and its detrimental effects on the perceived allure of tourist destinations and the employment market. Specifically, students predominantly acknowledged that cyanoHABs could diminish the tourist attractiveness of coastal regions, decrease tourist traffic, and foster negative opinions of the affected destination. Moreover, the findings confirm that, in students’ perceptions, cyanoHABs in seaside regions could detrimentally affect tourism-related businesses. Thus, it is not surprising that T&H students would not consider their future career in tourism within regions of high cyanoHAB risk. This study represents one of the pioneering efforts to examine the connections between cyanoHABs and students’ perceptions of their impact on tourism and career advancement in the T&H industry, which is directly linked with the environmental quality. The novelty of this research lies in its emphasis on students’ perspectives, offering insight into the future qualified workforce in the T&H sector. This approach may shed new light on a better understanding of how cyanoHABs may affect tourism and its labor market, influencing young people’s attitudes toward their future careers in T&H.

Understanding Economic Growth in India: How It Affects the Everyday Lives of Common People

India has witnessed significant economic progress over the past two decades, positioning itself for sustained growth over the next 30 years. However, the key challenge remains in transforming this potential into actual economic gains. This study aims to identify the primary drivers of India's economic growth by analyzing key indicators—consumption, fixed asset investment, exports, gross domestic product (GDP), and employment—between 2000 and 2023. Using multiple regression analysis conducted with E-Views software, the results demonstrate that consumption, fixed asset investment, exports, and employment have positive and statistically significant impacts on GDP growth. The findings reveal that fixed asset investment plays a pivotal role in enhancing capital stock, while consumption drives domestic demand, contributing to GDP expansion. Exports further bolster growth through international trade, while employment improvements lead to better resource utilization. Based on these insights, the study proposes critical policy recommendations: (i) enhancing social security systems and expanding access to credit to stimulate consumer spending; (ii) prioritizing rural development and promoting innovative industries to ensure a balanced distribution of investment across regions; (iii) optimizing export structures by encouraging technological advancements in key sectors; and (iv) improving workforce quality by aligning education with market demands and offering targeted vocational training. These measures are essential for sustaining India’s economic momentum and ensuring long-term, inclusive growth. The study’s findings provide valuable direction for policymakers seeking to address existing bottlenecks and capitalize on India’s growth potential for sustainable development. Received: 30 August 2024 | Revised: 17 October 2024 | Accepted: 10 November 2024 Conflicts of Interest The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work. Data Availability Statement Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study. Author Contribution Statement Jitendra Kumar Sinha: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data Curation, Writing - Original Draft, Writing -Review & Editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition.

“They are trying their best”: incarcerated individuals’ assessment of general healthcare services in selected Ghanaian prisons

BackgroundThe World Health Organization (WHO) has indicated that the absence of prison health poses a threat to public health, making it important to safeguard access to quality healthcare for incarcerated populations. Although several studies have explored the quality of care in prisons, there is a dearth of empirical evidence on the perspectives of incarcerated individuals. This study investigated incarcerated individuals’ perspectives and opinions on the general healthcare services in Ghanaian prisons.MethodsUtilizing a qualitative approach, focus group discussions were conducted with 51 incarcerated individuals in five prisons sited in the Northern, Middle and Southern zones of Ghana. Thematic analysis following the tradition of Braun and Clarke was conducted. Four of the six constructs of the WHO Health Systems Framework – service delivery, health workforce, access to essential medicines, and leadership and guidance – were applied deductively to organise the data into themes and subthemes.ResultsFour themes were generated from the analysis: “Health service delivery”, “Health workforce in prisons”, “Access to essential medicines” and “Leadership; regulating healthcare services”. Participants rated health services in prisons as below average compared to those available to the general population. The use of nurses as prescribers in prison infirmaries, though consistent with Ghana Health Service policy, seems to negatively influence prisoners’ perceptions of the quality of the health workforce in prisons. Lack of basic equipment and essential medications at the infirmary for common endemic conditions such as malaria coupled with the bureaucratic processes required to access care outside of the prison also negatively affected incarcerated individuals’ perceptions of the quality of health care.ConclusionsIncarcerated individuals perceived that the quality of health services provided in prisons was inferior to that provided in the general population. Addressing challenges associated with the unavailability of essential drugs and equipment, improving the number of health staff, and addressing bottlenecks in accessing urgent care will enhance the experiences of incarcerated populations on the quality of care given.

Responding to the challenges of Global Children Surgery: a unique program in Burkina Faso

PurposeThe challenges are immense when it comes to enhancing the development of pediatric surgery in low- and middle-income countries in line with current recommendations for holistic and sustainable approaches. The Pediatric surgery development plan in Burkina Faso was started in 2020. This paper reports on our unique experience, focusing on the main actions and indicators monitored.MethodsThe program was developed based on the core principles of the Global Initiative for Children's Surgery, employing a comprehensive health system-strengthening strategy. Our approach aimed to address the pediatric surgical ecosystem through partnerships, research, and interventions at all levels of the healthcare system.ResultsSignificant actions were implemented across various domains, including infrastructure, quality of care, workforce, community awareness, research, and advocacy. These efforts have led to a substantial strengthening of the pediatric surgical ecosystem in the country, achieving major milestones and outcomes in each of these areas.ConclusionThis program has not only helped to create a major impulse for the expansion of pediatric surgery in Burkina Faso, but also enriched the community of interest with a robust implementation program to confirm the main challenge to succeed: integrating this most essential discipline into the wider framework of global health.

Understanding Divergent Views on Nearly Zero- Energy Buildings between Developers and Procurers in Romania

This study investigates the awareness, perceptions, and preparedness of Romanian construction developers and public procurement specialists in relation to nearly Zero-Energy Buildings (nZEBs), focusing on factors that influence their adoption. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research analyzes 193 validated questionnaire responses and insights from interviews with four industry experts. The findings reveal a significant disparity in familiarity with nZEB, with developers exhibiting greater awareness than procurers. Compliance with regulations emerges as the primary driver for nZEB adoption, while high upfront costs and a scarcity of qualified workforce are major barriers. Additionally, the complexity and fragmentation of Romanian legislation on nZEB standards creates ambiguities and further hinders effective implementation. Despite these challenges, developers express moderate optimism about Romanian construction companies' adaptability to future nZEB demands, whereas procurers remain less confident. The study underscores the critical role of proactive policy interventions, clear public procurement criteria, and collaborative strategies in aligning government-funded projects with energy efficiency goals. By addressing systemic barriers and fostering innovation, this research provides policymakers and stakeholders with actionable insights to facilitate a smooth transition to sustainable building practices in Romania.

Automation and the Importance of Reskilling Workers: A Case Study in the Automotive Industry

Rapid technological developments, especially the spread of automation and artificial intelligence (AI), have been transforming the world of work, raising some concerns about the future of employment. Automation presents both opportunities and challenges for the labor market. While we can expect productivity to grow with automation, and with-it economic growth, the fear of job loss linked to automation is also present. This paper aims to study the impact of automation on employment, with a special focus on the automotive industry, which stands out as one of the sectors most affected by automation. A second objective is to examine the reskilling procedures implemented by companies in this context, with a view to identifying effective strategies that bring benefits to both the employer and the workforce. To analyze the implications of automation in the automotive industry and the strategies adopted by companies to face these implications, we carried out an exploratory case study, using interviews, with the participation of four companies located in the districts of Minho, in the North of Portugal. The results show that, considering the impact of automation on employment, there is no negative impact since the destruction of some jobs was compensated by the creation of new ones. As for the reskilling procedures implemented by companies, results indicate that reskilling and upskilling are important strategies to prepare workers to transition to new jobs and tasks. Automation has been present in the automotive sector for many years and it has been gaining greater relevance over time. Businesses gain from several benefits provided by automation, including improved value for money, increased productivity, and increased worker safety. At the same time, they also face some challenges, such as high investment costs and workers' apprehension about transforming workplaces. Nonetheless, the investment pays off since companies invest heavily in reskilling their employees, and thus have a more qualified workforce that is prepared for any change that may arise. This paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the implications of automation in the labour market in the automotive sector and highlights the importance of workforce reskilling for the sustainability of companies. These findings are relevant for both employers and employees.

Research on the efficiency and spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of agricultural green development in central cities of the Yangtze River Delta

IntroductionAgricultural green development (AGD) prioritizes sustainable growth by integrating economic, ecological, and social dimensions, aiming to harmonize agricultural economic development with environmental protection and social progress.MethodsThis study integrates the three-stage super-efficiency DEA-SBM model with the BP algorithm, creating an advanced DEA-SBM-BP model to overcome the shortcomings of traditional DEA in evaluation and management processes. The study further applies the Dagum Gini coefficient, kernel density estimation (KDE), and Moran’s index to assess and forecast the efficiency and spatiotemporal evolution patterns of green agricultural development in key cities within the Yangtze River Delta.ResultsThe analysis shows that AGD in the central city of the Yangtze River Delta is overall balanced; however, substantial variations exist among cities within individual provinces. Factors like macroeconomic conditions, workforce quality, and policy support play a crucial role in promoting the efficiency of AGD. Among these, macroeconomic development level has a negative impact, while labor quality and policy support exhibit bidirectional effects. Infrastructure construction, digitalization of agricultural economy, and rural security have become key factors in the green development of modern agriculture. The green advancement of agriculture in the central Yangtze River Delta region typically exhibits a marked clustering effect; however, the local clustering reveals a trend toward dispersed development.DiscussionDespite the emergence of new characteristics in agricultural production in China within the context of high-quality development, differences in resource endowments and economic structures among cities continue to be significant factors contributing to regional imbalances and changes in the agglomeration patterns of agricultural development.

The Role of the Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology in Forming a Workforce Aligned with Circular Economy Principles and Strategies

Objective: This study aims to assess the adherence of the themes and the current curricular matrices of the courses after high school at the Brazilian Federal Institutes of Education, Science, and Technology regarding the principles and strategies of the Circular Economy (CE). Theoretical Framework: In the current scenario of resource scarcity and climate emergency, CE emerges as a viable alternative. In Brazil, the Federal Institutes (FIs) can play a crucial role in training a qualified workforce for CE, offering professional education that meets market demands. Method: The methodology adopted is classified as qualitative and applied. Regarding its classification, it is descriptive. Regarding the design, it is classified as a documentary since the primary data source was the IFs' websites. Results and Discussion: The results reveal that 26.17% of the 554 courses evaluated have content related to CE. The analysis showed a predominance of disciplines, such as Environmental Management, but a gap in specific CE courses. Research Implications: From a practical perspective, this study provides insights into the need for changes in the current economic model regarding public education policies adopted in Brazil to prioritize areas of study. As for the theoretical contribution, the study discusses conceptual issues of CE based on findings from the Brazilian context in order to fill a research gap. Originality/Value The research highlights the importance of training professionals with critical and practical skills in CE, highlighting the need for curricular reform that meets new market demands and promotes a circular mindset.

“I feel more in control of my learning experience:” ungrading as an empowering approach to competency-based gerontological teaching and learning

ABSTRACT Ungrading is a constellation of pedagogical practices that seek to recenter the educational experience of learners as individuals by using detailed feedback rather than grades to assess the achievement of learning competencies. Ungrading practices have been employed in multiple disciplines in response to various concerns about traditional grading, including the tendency of grades to signal the end of learning, the ineffectiveness of grades in assessing competencies, and equity concerns. While the use of ungrading in gerontological teaching and learning appears to be largely unknown, it may offer a potentially powerful and innovative way to support students in attaining and demonstrating AGHE’s gerontological competencies. This should be a key concern of all gerontology educators as the main goal is to develop a qualified workforce who can be employed across the aging services sector. A form of ungrading known as grade anarchy was piloted in three master’s level gerontology courses and student and instructor feedback was gathered to assess reactions to the pilots. Students were mostly supportive, reporting that they felt less stressed and more motivated to learn, while some preferred traditional grading as they perceived its structure was clearer. The instructor experienced a steep learning curve followed by the observation that ungrading was freeing for the instructor as well, allowing a more individualized approach to student learning that resulted in greater clarity with regard to learners’ mastery of the selected AGHE competencies and the course learning objectives.

Research on the Construction of Teacher Ethics and Conduct in Higher Education from an Evaluation Perspective: A Case Study of Province S

Teachers are the primary resource for educational development, and teacher ethics is the first standard for evaluating the quality of the teaching workforce. The state have always placed great importance on the work of teacher ethics and conduct. This paper, taking Province S as a case study, explores the evaluation mechanisms for teacher ethics in higher education. On the premise of clarifying the importance and urgency of teachers' ideological and political work, the paper delves into the significance of the evaluation system for teacher ethics and conduct in universities, summarizes key areas and challenges of teacher ethics assessments, and provides countermeasures for improving these mechanisms. Additionally, it discusses the current state of the teacher ethics evaluation system in higher education, analyzes its root issues, and explores improvements in content, methods, mechanisms, and the utilization of results, with the aim of strengthening the effectiveness of ideological and political work for university teachers and constructing a comprehensive framework for "large-scale ideological and political work."

The 21st Century Management Skills for Educational Institution Administrators under the Jurisdiction of the Ubon Ratchathani Secondary Educational Service Area Office, Amnat Charoen

Background and Aims: Education is an important tool for human, social, and national development. It is the main mechanism for creating a quality workforce. Able to live happily with others in society. At a time when the world is changing rapidly in the 21st century, this research has the following objectives: 1) to study and analyze the management skills in the 21st century of Educational Institution Administrators under the Ubon Ratchathani and Amnat Charoen Secondary Educational Service Area Offices. 2) To compare the management skills in the 21st century among administrators of educational institutions under the same affiliation. Classified by position education level and the size of the educational institution. 3) To study and find ways to develop management skills in the 21st century of educational institution administrators in those areas. Methodology: The sample used in this research consisted of 351 school administrators and teachers. The sample size was determined according to Krejci and Morgan's table. and used the random sampling method. The research instrument was a questionnaire with a 5-level rating scale. Which has a consistency index between 0.80 and 1.00 and the total reliability of the questionnaire is 0.89. Statistics used in data analysis include frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, T-value and F-value tests. Results: The results of the research are as follows: (1) Management skills in the 21st century of administrators of educational institutions under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office, Ubon Ratchathani and Amnat Charoen, overall it is at a high level. (2) Results of comparing opinions about management skills in the 21st century among administrators of educational institutions under the same affiliation. Divided by position Education level and the size of the educational institution. It was found that overall and in each aspect there were no differences. (3) Guidelines for promoting management skills in the 21st century of school administrators in the Ubon Ratchathani Secondary Educational Service Area Office consist of 5 areas: 1) communication skills, 2) relationship-building skills, 3) technology and digital skills, 4) vision setting skills, and 5) analytical thinking and creative thinking skills. Conclusion: According to the research, educational institution administrators in the twenty-first century working for the Secondary Educational Service Area Office of Ubon Ratchathani and Amnat Charoen have generally high management skills. There were no significant differences in management skills across positions, educational levels, or institution size. To improve these abilities, the study suggests focusing on five key areas: communication, relationship building, technology and digital skills, vision setting, and analytical and creative thinking.