Quality Of Livestock Products Research Articles

Ефективність озонотерапії кіз із маститом

One of the key issues in solving the problem of mastitis is the therapy efficacy. It is important to find such treatments for animals that, along with pronounced antibacterial and other therapeutic properties, have no negative effects. Therefore, the aim of the work was to develop a method for treating goats with mastitis using ozonized materials – highly effective, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective drugs that have a positive effect on animal’s body and have no side effects. The treatment was carried out with a targeted program motivated by the principle of drug action. The item of the program «Antibiotic therapy» has been replaced by the use of ozone-containing preparations «OKO» (ozonated corn oil) and «Prozon» (ozonated corn oil + alcohol solution of propolis). It was found that for the treatment of goats using «Мastilex», the effectiveness of the therapy was 86.7%, its duration was 5.2 days, and the cost per animal was 55.38 UAH. When using «OKO» treatment efficacy was at the same level – 86.7%, its duration - longer by 0.4 days, and the cost of treating one animal was lower by 31.88 UAH. The use of «Prozon» made it possible to obtain a higher efficiency of treatment – 93.3%, to reduce its duration by 0.6 days and the cost per animal – by 31.3 UAH. The use of «Prozon» with ultraphonophoresis, provided a high therapeutic effect – at the level of 93.3%, a decrease in the duration of treatment – up to 3.7 days and the cost of treating one animal – up to 25.18 UAH. Thus, ozone therapy is becoming increasingly common in veterinary practice, including reproductive pathologies and, in particular, for the treatment of animals with mastitis. Ozone does not affect the quality of livestock products and therefore is safe for humans. Hence, the use of ozone makes it possible to replace antibiotics in the treatment plan of goats with mastitis without reducing the therapeutic and cost-effectiveness and can be recommended for practice.

Kazakhstan meat industry analysis: import substitution, delivery and statistics

Effective management of food safety and product quality issues is critical for maintaining and enhancing the competitiveness of livestock production. Food safety and quality standards are now and will become increasingly important for the competitiveness of livestock products. For most producers and processors of livestock products, as well as for most livestock products, domestic demand remains the main, if not the only, driving mechanism for market improvements in food safety and quality. Better imports entering the market already indicate the need to raise standards, at least to maintain domestic market share, as well as to achieve import substitution or appeal to export markets. International experience shows that the implementation of quality standards should be stimulated by the private sector, but not by the government. However, the government plays an important role in improving the skills of veterinarians and providing advisory services to help livestock producers and processors meet the ISO (International Organization of Standardization) and the CCPHA (Critical Control Point of hazard analysis) standards. In other to create conditions for the prosperity of the livestock industry, the government needs to pay more attention to the following two key areas: reducing market costs and prudent management of food safety and quality of livestock products. With the transition to more dispersed cattle breeding, the cost of re–establishing links between scattered and small livestock producers and consumers, local or foreign, has increased. But such costs can be reduced. To ensure food safety, meet consumer requirements and increase the ability to compete with imports, domestic producers need to strengthen their capacity to achieve higher standards of safety and quality. Attention should be paid to such instruments of the import substitution strategy as an active industrial policy, trade protection and export promotion. The purpose of this study is to analyze the meat industry of Kazakhstan, to present the problems that the industry is facing at the present stage and direct their solutions and the tasks of the state in this mechanism. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the development of measures to develop policies in the field of the meat industry in the context of import–substituting policies and the development of appropriate organizational and economic tools for their implementation.

Study on the Major Cattle Health and Production Constraints in and Around Haramaya Town, Ethiopia

A Cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2018 to April 2019 to assess the major Cattle health and production constraints in and around the Haramaya town of Haramaya district, Ethiopia. First, the survey was conducted on animal owners randomly selected from four sites in the study area and followed by clinical case observation of sick Cattles that come from the area to the Haramaya Veterinary Clinic. In our study, we found Cattle (mainly local breeds) were reared in an extensive production system characterized by mixed herd composition kept under low production input in the peri-urban area for different purposes and dairy cows mainly in the town. The main production constraints are lack of feed, water and animal health problems. According to the survey as well as clinical observation, Blackleg, Mastitis, Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD), Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), and Ringworm, Pneumonia and Fasciolosis were the top listed leading causes of mortality. We also noted parasitic and reproductive health problems that affect the quantity and quality of livestock products. This is associated with poor animal health care and extension service, lack of awareness by the farmers on how to contain the above prevailing constraints. Hence, it is recommended that basic training on Cattle health and production improvement needs to be delivered. On top of this, detail Epidemiological studies need to be conducted to evaluate disease risk factors and design the best policies for animal health and production development in the area. Keywords : Cattle, Disease, Production, Constraints, Haramaya, Ethiopia. DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/10-9-01 Publication date: May 31 st 2020

Profile of Sinjai Superior Kampong Chicken (SSKC) Meat Colour Marinated with Pineapple Skin Powder

Kampong chicken is one of the local poultry that is generally raised by farmers in rural areas; the Kampong chicken farm business has great prospects, both economically and socially, because its products in the form of meat and eggs are highly nutritious food and high enough demand. The provision of pineapple skin was expected to be able to improve the quality of livestock products through enhancing the profile of SSKC meat colour that was contained in it, so it was necessary to do research on the effect of giving pineapple skin as a marinated meat ingredient for SSKC. Pineapple skin in this study was given in powder form to improve the profile of meat colour. The stages of this study carried out the process of marinating used pineapple peel powder with the specified marinating time. The samples were tested for colour profiles by measuring the brightness, redness and yellowish level of the flesh. The results showed that the colour profile was increasing with increasing levels of pineapple skin powder and marinating time. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the optimum profile of SSKC meat colour was at the level of 20% during soaking 120 minutes.

Principles of gene editing techniques and applications in animal husbandry.

Gene editing techniques were developed chronologically, which include zinc finger nuclease, transcription activator-like effector nuclease and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas 9). In this review, the working principles of these techniques were first introduced, their advantages and disadvantages were then discussed, their application in animal husbandry were elaborated, and finally human concerns about gene editing were presented. Compared to the two former techniques, the third-generation gene editing technique CRISPR/Cas9 has higher targeting efficiency and accuracy, less off-target effect, lower cytotoxicity and lower costs for being easier for vector design and manipulation. Although some people may concern about social or ethical issues, the benefits of gene editing certainly overweigh its demerits. The three gene editing techniques have been successfully used to improve the production and quality of livestock products, animal fertility, resistance to diseases, and welfare in animal husbandry. With legislation and the development of gene editing technology per se, it anticipatable that gene editing will have a broader utilization and make our lives happier.

РИСК-ОРИЕНТИРОВАННЫЙ ПОДХОД В СИСТЕМЕ МОНИТОРИНГА ИНФЕКЦИОННЫХ БОЛЕЗНЕЙ ЖИВОТНЫХ

Epizootic well-being of any government is the most important criterion of biological and food security, a factor determining the development of livestock industry, quality of livestock products and raw materials, international trade in livestock products. Access to foreign markets directly depends on this criterion. The article presents a review and criticism of existing approaches for risk-based epizootological monitoring as an independent method. The paper notes the role of science-based approach, geographic information systems and their interaction with information flows during the organization and conduct of epizootological monitoring of infectious diseases in animals.

Assessment of climate change adaptation measures on the income of herders in a pastoral region

Climate change, characterized with global warming, created severe potential threat to natural ecosystems and sustainable development of human society. Effective adaptation measures to mitigate the negative effects of climate change would affect both the ecological environment and the social economy. In this paper, we built a positive mathematical programming model to assess adaptation measures, which were divided into four aspects, to tackle climate change based on the survey data obtained from seven counties and 32 villages in the region of Hulun Buir. The results showed that, livestock breeding improvement had a positive impact on grass yield, livestock number and especially herder's household income (the most in Ewenki (11.7%) and the least in Xinzuo (2.3%)); artificial grassland project could lead to an average growth rate of 8.4% in household income among the four counties; current policies and going out for work could also increase household income, however, not a sustainable choice. To realize sustainable development in the context of global climate change, the vitality of sustainable development of animal husbandry under the premise of protecting ecological environment should be enhanced. For example, improving the safety and quality of livestock products through influencing livestock breeding, processing technology and high quality forage, and ensuring adequate forage supplement through artificial grassland project.

Приватизація державних установ ветеринарної медицини в Україні

Висвітлено результати соціологічного дослідження, здійсненого з метоювизначення експертної думки стосовно приватизації державних установветеринарної медицини в Україні. Наведено результати експертного опитування, проведеного у 2017 р. серед керівників вищої і середньої ланки науково-дослідних установ, закладів вищої освіти, територіальних органів державного управління у галузі ветеринарної медицини. Встановлено неоднозначне ставлення респондентів до роздержавлення лабораторій і лікарень ветеринарної медицини. Обґрунтовано недоцільність приватизації районних і міських лікарень, а також районних, міжрайонних і обласних лабораторій державної ветеринарної медицини. Прогнозовано, що приватизація негативно вплине на безпечність та якість тваринницької продукції і епізоотичну ситуацію в країні. Рекомендовано включити до переліку об’єктів для приватизації дільничні лікарні (структурні підрозділи районних лікарень ветеринарної медицини).

POTENSI DAN PENINGKATAN KUALITAS NUTRISI BUAH TOMAT (Lycopersicon esculentum) AFKIR SEBAGAI PAKAN TERNAK UNGGAS

One of the important things in determining the quality of livestock products is feed ingredients. The quality of Poultry products will be influenced by the nutrient intake provided. Tomato reject is one of the special ingredients of a feed because it contains high lycopene. Lycopene is well known as an antioxidant, also it can lower cholesterol content. However, lycopene still in the matrix of tomato tissue and trans-form lycopene what difficult to digest and absorb in the body. So, in this paper presents the extent to which the development of research utilization of tomatoes high lycopene as poultry feed. As well as opening more widely how to increase the value of lycopene tomatoes in poultry products.

Efficiency of the functioning of the state control system for the safety and quality of animal products in Ukraine

The study reveals the results of evaluating the effectiveness of the state control system (supervision) on the safety and individual indicators of the quality of livestock products in Ukraine. The necessity of application of such components of efficiency as legislation, management and its organizational structure, inspection and laboratory service, information, training and communications is substantiated. It has been determined that during a sufficiently long period of time (until 2015), the system of state control (supervision) was archaic and actually focused on the principles of command and administrative economy. The modern tendencies and specifics of the improvement of the Ukrainian control system in the direction of its harmonization with the European one are shown. The emphasis was on significant volumes of work that needed to be done in a very short time, as well as in the absence of adequate funding and appropriate skilled specialists. The emergence of clarity and unambiguousness in determining the responsibility of market operators for violating the legislation requirements in the field of production and circulation of animal origin food products was emphasized. Along with the achievements, there were identified systemic problems related to the technical regulation of safety assurance processes and individual quality indicators in Ukraine. Also it was noted and revealed that legislation in the area of guaranteeing the quality and safety of livestock products in Ukraine remains incomplete and not fully developed. The necessity of development of a number of by-laws and allocation of necessary financing for effective functioning of the state control system over product safety is substantiated. Article specified on the presence of insufficient number of professional inspection and laboratory services is underlined. The mechanisms of avoiding corruption risks and excessive pressure on the subjects of the livestock production market are proposed. The necessity of determining the separate by-law of the state audit mechanism of procedures based on the principles of HACCP, in the production, processing, storage and transportation of livestock products is proved. The conclusion is made about the lack of systematic, chaotic measures for the formation of an approaching European system of state control. The necessity of the legislation improvement was substantiated and other solutions were proposed to improve the effectiveness of the system of monitoring the safety and individual indicators of the quality of livestock products in Ukraine.

Моніторинг безпечності та якості продуктів забою свиней, отриманих в умовах Одеської області

In accordance with the modern requirements of the international control system (HACCP), it is necessary to abandon the control of the final product for the purpose of identifying shortcomings, but to proceed to the preventive approach of eliminating potential sources of danger at all stages of production. A step-by-step system for controlling the quality of livestock products, in particular meat, in the absence of modern technology of primary processing and quality veterinary and sanitary control, is complex. Therefore, to ensure the safety and quality of meat, it is necessary to improve and scientifically justify the methods of their control, bringing it closer to international requirements. The purpose of our research was to monitor the safety and quality of slaughter products for pigs obtained in the conditions of the Odessa region. The material of the research was reporting on veterinary medicine (Form No. 6-vet., Form No. 5- vet., Form No. 2a-vet.) In the districts of the Odessa region for 2014–2016, which was processed statistically. The analysis has established that for 2014–2016. In the investigated areas, only 28846 pigs were slaughtered, and 74.48% of the slaughter took place. It was found that according to the results of the pre-blast inspection and post-mortem veterinary examination of pig carcasses, 83 cases of diseases, echinococcosis, were detected during the reporting period. For the reporting years, 17103 carcasses of pigs were supplied to the agro-food markets of the study areas. Employees of laboratories for veterinary and sanitary examination in the markets conducted 65417 laboratory studies: all carcasses of pigs were examined organoleptically (including cooking breakdown), trichinoscopy and studies for phychosis and other parasitic diseases were performed; The determination of physicochemical parameters and bacterioscopy of mascara were carried out in individual cases; radiological and other studies were not conducted. During the veterinary and sanitary examination, 662 cases of diseases were detected in the laboratories of veterinary and sanitary examination in the markets: 65 cases of non-communicable diseases and 597 cases of invasive diseases. And draws attention to the fact that 99.83% of the identified invasive diseases was echinococcosis. Comparative analysis of the results on the detection of cases of echinococcosis, depending on the location of Veterinary control, found significant discrepancies– after post-mortem veterinary and sanitary control, only 7.26–26.27% of cases are detected, in comparison with the results of veterinary and sanitary examination of slaughter products in laboratories for veterinary and sanitary examination In the markets. This imbalance, in our opinion, can be related to homestead slaughter and poor quality post-mortem Veterinary control during it. Summarizing the obtained results of the analysis, we can conclude that the management system for the safety and quality of slaughter products in pigs in the regions of the Odessa region at the present stage still relies on the analysis of the final product, not taking into account the preventive approach.

ЧУТЛИВІСТЬ ЗБУДНИКІВ БАКТЕРІАЛЬНИХ ХВОРОБ ПТИЦІ ДО АНТИБАКТЕРІАЛЬНИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ

The using of antibiotics and antimicrobials drugs without control may leads to the development of numerous complications and resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics. The using of antibiotics and antimicrobials drugs should are controlled on poultry farms. That is why the monitoring and determination of sensitivity of bacterial diseases agents to antimicrobial drugs are very important. Results of salmonellas’ and kolibakterias’ monitoring in poultry’s farms of Ukraine are introduced in the article. Researches were conducted at the Department of veterinary sanitary examination, microbiology, zoohygiene and safety and quality of livestock products of Sumy NAU. Sampling for microbiological studies was conducted from the hatchery and from pathological material and premises where poultry of different age groups was held. The spread of the disease, morbidity, mortality, mortality rate, age characteristics, economic loss what diseases cause to the poultry farms were counted. Identification of Salmonella and Escherichia was conducted by ELISA with using of RIDASCREEN® and LOCATE® test systems, according to methodical recommendations of RIDASCREEN® and LOCATE® test systems using. The results were read visually or after addition of storageco with ELISA–photometer (reader) at 450 nm. Sensitivity to antibiotics was determined by disco – diffusion method in agar. Microbiological monitoring of a number of poultry farms in Ukraine has shown that agents of bacterial diseases’ are widely spread. Between the isolated microflora largest number were accounted for Salmonella (54.1%) and the Escherichia (30.8 per cent). The rest (15,1%) were isolated cultures of Proteus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Campylobacteria, Enterobacteria, and Clostridia Citrobacter. This indicates that systematic control over the availability of the causative agents of bacterial infections in all critical points of production of poultry products is very necessary. Among isolates that were isolated from ill poultry and poultry objects, differences in their sensitivity to antimicrobial agents from active substances that officially have registered in our country were discovered. Bactericidal activity of relatively isolated cultures was showed by colistin, ftorfenicol, zeftiocur, TimTil 250, doxicyclin, enroxil and sarafloxacin.

Influence of breed and feeding on the main quality characteristics of sheep carcass and meat: A review

This paper reviews two factors (breed and feed) affecting the carcass and meat quality of sheep. The quality of livestock products has acquired greater importance from the distinct perspectives of the different participants in the agricultural food chain. Consumers, producers and the industry give different levels of importance to the parameters of meat and carcass quality. Nevertheless, all the participants in the meat production chain must ensure quality to improve their competitiveness. The quality of the carcass and meat can be influenced by different factors such as breed and type of feed. The breed can influence weight, yields, and the conformation of the carcass, among other variables, as well as the pH level and the fatty acid composition of the meat, whereas the feed mainly affects carcass conformation and several physicochemical and organoleptic parameters of meat quality such as proximal composition, the fatty acid profile, tenderness and color. Consequently, the effects of breed and feed type should be considered to obtain a quality product that satisfies consumer demand.

Breed assignment test in four Italian beef cattle breeds

The assessment of a method able to assign individuals to the breed of origin is needed to certify origin and quality of livestock products. A set of 21 microsatellites was tested for breed identification in four native Italian beef breeds: Chianina, Marchigiana, Romagnola, and Piemontese. Two statistical approaches, based on maximum likelihood and on a Bayesian method, were evaluated. Different marker sets, chosen in order of the highest gene diversity and FST estimates were also tested. The Bayesian method performed better, achieving a correct assignment rate of about 90% even with six microsatellites. The marker sets with the highest gene diversity were shown to perform best. Considering a threshold probability of 90%, only 52.5% of the genotypes were correctly allocated. Such results are mainly due to the low genetic differentiation estimates among breeds (FST=0.049). These findings suggest that markers with high gene diversity and the presence of private alleles should be investigated and the Bayesian method used.

Analysing livestock farm odour using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy approach

In livestock farming, odour measurement and reduction are necessary for a cleaner environment, lower health risks to humans, and higher quality of livestock production. There have been many studies on modelling of livestock farm odour by analysing the chemical components in odorous air. It is suggested that the component analysis approaches should be extended to factors such as temperature, relative humidity, and airflow speed. In this paper, a neuro-fuzzy-based method for analysing odour generation factors to the perception of livestock farm odour was proposed. The proposed approach incorporates neuro-adaptive learning techniques into fuzzy logic method. Rather than choosing the parameters associated with a given membership function by trail and error, these parameters could be tuned automatically in a systematic manner so as to adjust the membership functions of the input/output variables for optimal system performance. A multi-factor livestock farm odour model was developed, and both numeric factors and linguistic factors were considered. The proposed approach was tested with a livestock farm odour database. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach in comparison to a typical neural network model.

Harmful plants in meadow associations of Serbia

In this paper results of the analysis of 48 meadow and pasture associations of Serbia deriving from 6 vegetation classes in order to establish the presence of harmful species. In this way possibility for more efficient method of their removal or reduction could be defined. Analysis included plants poisonous to domestic animals or could cause mechanical injuries to livestock, plant species that have harmful affect to the quality of livestock products (meat and milk), also plants not consumed by livestock at all and plants inducing the productivity of useful forage plant species (parasites and semi-parasites). It was established that their participation in meadow associations varies between 5 and 35%. The highest total presence of harmful plants (35%) and highest single presence of poisonous (15%) and slightly poisonous (20%) plants was registered in ass. Festucetum ovinae.

Control of abiotic factors of pots of Sumy region

Control of abiotic factors of pots of Sumy region