Quality Of Carrots Research Articles

Bionic Optimization Design and Discrete Element Experimental Design of Carrot Combine Harvester Ripping Shovel

Aiming at the common problems of the high working resistance, low soil disturbance, and high rates of missed extraction in the operation of carrot combine harvesters, a high-efficiency drag-reducing bionic soil-loosening shovel was designed in this study. The physical parameters of the soil and carrots were measured, and the bionic drag-reducing shovel was designed using the badger claw toe as a bionic prototype. The shovel wing structures were designed. Based on the EDEM discrete element simulation technology, a multi-element simulation model of the shovel–soil–carrot contact was established to determine the effects of the operating speed and sliding angle of the shovel handle on the resistance. The effects of the blade inclination angle and blade opening angle on the resistance, carrot extraction force, and soil disturbance rate were also studied. The results show that the resistance increases with an increase in operating speed. With a blade angle (α) and blade inclination angle (β) of 120.27° and 47.37°, respectively, the performance of the high-efficiency drag-reducing soil-loosening shovel is the best, with the resistance and carrot extraction force being 1908.76 N and 55.37 N, respectively. The virtual simulation experiment shows that this efficient drag-reducing shovel can effectively solve the problems of the low soil disturbance, high resistance, and high missing carrot rates of carrot combine harvester shovels, while also improving the harvesting quality and efficiency of carrot combine harvesters and meeting the agronomic requirements of carrot harvesting.

The Impact of Formalin on Postharvest Quality, Shelf Life, and Nutritive Properties of Carrot, Papaya, Plum, Apple Plum, and Guava

As per the news and articles published in mass media in recent years, the usage of formalin in fruits and vegetables has become a worrisome condition in Bangladesh. In this context, this study was conducted to observe the effect of formalin on postharvest quality, shelf life, and nutritional profile of carrot, papaya, plum, apple plum, and guava. Fruits and vegetables sample were treated with different concentrations of formalin solutions (1%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) in two different modes (dipping and spraying) and stored for seven days. Physical parameters (color, texture, and flavor), weight loss, and shelf life were observed on every alternate day during the study period. Furthermore, 20% formalin-treated samples were used to find out the changes in nutritional profile (moisture, ash, carbohydrate, fat, and protein), pH, and vitamin C content. The study results revealed that different concentrations of formalin and treatment methods (dipping and spraying) did not bring up any positive effect in increasing the shelf-life and physical characteristics of selected fruits and vegetables during storage. Moreover, formalin treatment with higher concentration went in faster deterioration in color, texture, and flavor of samples compared to the control. The weight loss of fruits and vegetables is not dependent on formalin application. Formalin treatment worked negatively on the shelf life of samples. A significant reduction (P<0.05) trend on some nutritional parameters (carbohydrate, protein, fat, vitamin C) was observed in formalin-treated apple plum and guava when compared with the control. No significant differences in the pulp pH content were seen as a result of formalin treatment. The overall results suggest that formalin is not a useful preservative to improve the post-harvest qualities and shelf-life of carbohydrate-rich fruits and vegetables at any concentration and mode of application and it has also a negative effect on the nutritional properties of fruits and vegetables.

Influence of storage conditions on the quality of carrot

Influence of storage conditions on the quality of carrot

The potential of some ameliorative substances in improving growth, yield and quality of carrot under heat stress conditions

A field experiment was carried out in two successive seasons of 2019 and 2020 on the late planting of carrot cv. Shantiny in El-Badrasheen, Giza, Egypt to study the effect of sowing dates and foliar spray applications by using some growth natural and chemical stimulants to increase the plants' ability to withstand heat stress. The experiment was established in a split-plot design with two sowing dates during 15 February and 15 March as the main factors and six treatments of exogenous foliar spray applications as submain factors as follows: untreated plants (control); potassium silicate K-Si at 2g/L; salicylic acid at 2mM; glycine betaine at 100 mM; moringa leaf extract (MLE) at 3.3% and date palm pollen grain extract (DPPGE) at 2g/L. Results revealed that sowing carrots in February significantly increased vegetative growth characteristics, i.e., plant height in both seasons and fresh and dry weight in the second season. Also, the fresh weight of roots in the second season and total marketable yield in both seasons were significantly increased with February sowing. All chemical parameters, either quality or heat indicators, were enhanced considerably with March sowing as a reaction to heat stress. Moreover, all foliar spray treatments gained the higher significant values of vegetative growth, yield, quality characteristics, and chemical parameters [N, P, K, Ca, Mg, proline, antioxidant activity DPPH, total carbohydrates, total carotenoids, total chlorophyll, and total phenols] as compared with untreated plants. In conclusion, foliar spray treatments with MLE and DPPGE are promising materials for heat stress-tolerant applications.

Effect of Different Levels of Potassium and Boron on Growth,Yield and Quality of Carrot (Daucus carota cv. New Kuroda) in Nawalparasi, Nepal

Effect of Different Levels of Potassium and Boron on Growth,Yield and Quality of Carrot (Daucus carota cv. New Kuroda) in Nawalparasi, Nepal

Effect of L-Tryptophan and L-Glutamic Acid on Carrot Yield and Its Quality

Positively affecting crop quality and yields, amino acids used as plant stimulants play a special role in ensuring global food security. L-tryptophan (L-Try) and L-glutamic acid (L-Glu) are important biostimulants that increase the yield of field crops and vegetables. Carrot is one of the most important vegetables due to its production volume in the world (sixth most consumed vegetable) and its nutritional value. The response of different plant species to amino acid application varies. The literature mainly deals with the effects of ready-made products containing a mixture of several amino acids, with no exhaustive studies on the effects of individual amino acids on carrot quality and yield. This paper is based on a two-year field experiment (2019–2020), in which the effect of two amino acids, L-Trp (7.5 g·ha−1) and L-Glu (60.0 g·ha−1), on carrot (Daucus carota L.) was investigated. They were applied to the leaves (FA) or both to the soil and to the leaves (S + FA), separately, (L-Trp or L-Glu) or as a mixture (L-Trp + L-Glu). The control plot was treated with mineral fertilizers only. The research was conducted as a field experiment in a split-block design. The yield of carrot storage roots and their content of dry matter, protein, sugars, total soluble solids (TSS), and ascorbic acid were determined. The amino acids positively affected the yield of carrots compared to the control, but only the synergistic action of L-tryptophan and L-glutamic acid increased it significantly. On average, for both amino acids the S + FA application increased the protein content and the marketable yield of storage roots significantly more than in response to FA treatment. A significant increase in marketable yield compared to the control was found after the combined soil and foliar application (S + FA) of all amino acid combinations, but the L-Trp + L-Glu mixture worked best. The storage roots of carrots grown on the plot with L-Trp + L-Glu contained significantly more protein and TSS than those on the control plot. The content of TSS was also positively affected by L-Trp used on its own, while L-Glu increased the content of ascorbic acid. Amino acids applied to the leaves (FA) increased the content of total sugars in the carrot roots more than when applied both to the soil and to the leaves (S + FA). Of all treatment combinations, the synergistic action of L-Trp and L-Glu made it possible to obtain the highest yields of carrot storage roots, containing the most protein and total soluble solids.

Effects of mulching and micronutrients on growth, yield and quality of carrot (Daucus carota L.)

Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is one of the most important root vegetables of Bangladesh. Mulching and micronutrients have strong effect on growth, yield and quality of carrot. An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm of the Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from November 2021 to February 2022 to examine the effect of mulching and micronutrients on growth, yield and quality of carrot. The two-factor experiment consisted of four mulching treatments viz. control (no mulch), water hyacinth, rice straw and black polythene, and four types of micronutrients viz. control (no micronutrient), boron (3 kg/ha), zinc (2 kg/ha), boron+ zinc (3+2 kg/ha). The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. Result of the experiment revealed that application of mulching materials and different levels of micronutrients alone or in combination significantly influenced all the parameters studied. The highest gross yield of root (29.4 t/ha) was obtained from black polythene mulch. The lowest gross yield of root (14.9 t/ha) was obtained from control (no mulch) treatment. The highest gross yield of root (31.7 t/ha) was obtained from (boron+ zinc) micronutrient treatment. On the contrary, the lowest gross yield of root (13.3 t/ha) was obtained from control treatment. Among the treatment combinations, the highest gross yield of root (39.8 t/ha) was obtained from Black polythene with (boron+ zinc) micronutrient treatment. On the contrary, the lowest gross yield of root (10.6 t/ha) was obtained from control treatment. The highest gross was obtained from black polythene mulch with (boron+ zinc) micronutrient treatment. Therefore, application of black polythene mulch along with combined treatment (boron+ zinc) was found to be better in respect of growth, yield and quality of carrot.

Topdress strategies and remote sensing for nitrogen management in processing carrots

AbstractImproved nitrogen (N) fertilizer management strategies are required to optimize yield and quality in processing carrots (Daucus carota L.) while minimizing risks of N loss. A 2‐year field study was conducted in commercial carrot fields near Hesperia and Pentwater, MI, USA, to investigate the effects of N fertilizer rate (29, 67, 135, and 202 kg ha−1 N), topdress N frequency (single vs. three split applications), and timing of split N applications on carrot production and N utilization. In addition, the potential for remote sensing‐based vegetation indices (VIs) to guide in‐season N topdress decisions was evaluated relative to conventional methods including petiole sap nitrate testing. Both carrot root yield and shoot biomass increased with greater N rates but did not plateau. Split‐applied topdress N and timing of topdress applications did not affect yield. However, greater N rates, single front‐loaded applications, and both earlier and later than typical topdress timings exhibited potential to increase N loss depending on the year. While VIs explained at most 66% and 29% of the variation in yield in 2019 and 2020, respectively, the indices consistently explained greater variation compared to petiole sap nitrate (6%), shoot N concentration (8%), and carrot root (10%) and shoot (14%) weights. Hypothetical N topdress decisions made using VI‐based sufficiency indices recommended N 26% less often than petiole sap nitrate, but more research is needed to evaluate reference and threshold selections. Despite labor and technological tradeoffs, remote sensing may increase accuracy, resolution, and scalability of N decision support in processing carrot production.

Effects of Different Treatments on White-blush of Fresh-cut Carrots During Storage

In order to screen out the preservatives that had better effects on inhibiting the white-blush of freshcut carrots, prolong its shelf life. Using fresh carrots as the test material, the effects of different treatments on the white-blush of fresh-cut carrots during storage were compared, and the changes in whiteness value of fresh-cut carrots in each group were analyzed. Other relevant physical and chemical indicators were measured. The results showed that compared with other treatment groups, the onion treatment group had the lowest whiteness index, the strongest antioxidant capacity, and the best quality of fresh-cut carrots. This indicated that onions were suitable for processing fresh-cut carrots, which cold better inhibit the activities of POD, PAL, and other enzymes, inhibit the white-blush of fresh-cut carrots, and delay their aging.

Effect of heat and pulsed electric field treatment on the physicochemical and nutritional properties of carrots.

Carrots are widely used in home cooking and vegetable processing industries because of their high nutritional value. However, different processing methods may produce a negative impact on carrot texture and nutrition quality. Therefore, the development of better processing methods to preserve the texture and nutrition quality of carrots will be beneficial to the carrot industry. The effects of heat and pulsed electric field (PEF) treatments with different heat temperatures (T) and holding time (th ) on comprehensive changes in thermal efficiency profiles, and physicochemical (color, hardness, cell structural damage) and nutritional (releasable β-carotene contents) properties of carrots were studied. In addition, electrical conductivity (σ) and soluble matter contents (°Brix) were determined for the heat-treated extracts. The value of total color difference (∆E) and cell structural damage index (Z) of carrots, σ and °Brix of extracts all increased with increasing T and th under different heat experimental conditions, whereas the value of cutting force (F) presented an opposite tendency and content of releasable β-carotene decreased after th > 2min at T=100 °C. The results show that PEF heating is beneficial in preventing changes in physicochemical and nutritional properties of carrots compared to traditional heat treatment. PEF has potential as a heating technology in the food industry. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

Postharvest sclerotinia rot control in carrot by the natural product hinokitiol and the potential mechanisms involved

Sclerotinia rot infected by cosmopolitan fungi Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a serious and destructive disease in carrot production, especially during their postharvest storage. Natural products with the advantages of environmentally friendly and safety have been widely concerned. This research estimated the impact of hinokitiol against S. sclerotiorum and on the quality of carrots. In vitro and in vivo tests demonstrated that hinokitiol had promising antifungal activities against both carbendazim-susceptible and -resistant isolates of S. sclerotiorum. Importantly, it effectively kept the quality and prolonged the shelf life of carrot by declining the loss of weight, ascorbic acid, carotenoid, and total phenolics content, preventing the formation of malondialdehyde, and enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Further study found that hinokitiol inhibited the formation of sclerotia by destroying the morphology and the integrality of cell membrane, reduced the pathogenicity by suppressing the synthesis of oxalic acid and exopolysaccharide, declined the activities of enzymes and the gene expression related to sclerotia development in S. sclerotiorum. These information evidenced the great potential of hinokitiol as a natural fresh-keeping agent for the management of postharvest decay infected by S. sclerotiorum.

Quality improvement of freeze‐dried carrots as affected by sugar‐osmotic and hot‐air pre‐treatments

To improve the visual-sensory and nutritional quality of freeze-dried carrots (FDC), the effects of sugar-osmotic dehydration (SO, 40°Brix, 3 h) and hot-air pre-drying (HAPD, 80°C, 10 min) on the FDC quality were investigated. Overall, SO&HAPD significantly improved the redness (8.26% - 11.67%), yellowness (1.24% - 5.82%) and ABTS radical scavenging activity (1.40% - 16.00%) of FDC. FDC pre-treated by sucrose showed the highest a* value (33.31), which was related to the β-carotene content. The influence order of independent variables on the redness was ABTS radical scavenging activity > total sugar content > β-carotene content. As for the carotenoid retention, the sample only treated by HAPD had the highest contents of β-carotene (119.97 μg/g) and α-carotene (93.73 μg/g). These results indicated that SO&HAPD and HAPD were effective pre-treatments for improving the color and carotenoid contents of FDC, respectively. This work provides an experimental-theoretical basis for the quality enhancement of carrot products.

Klasifikasi Kualitas Wortel Menggunakan Metode K-Nearest Neighbor Berbasis Android

In several studies, many have produced various programs or applications specifically designed to identify plants, fruits, leaves or others based on the specified characteristics. Of the various kinds of fruits and vegetables, carrots are vegetables that have many benefits and are liked by the majority of people. So it is necessary to choose good quality fruit to produce quality products as well. However, so far, the selection of quality carrots is still using the manual method with the human sense of sight to determine good and bad quality carrots. . Image processing in this application uses the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm which is a method that classifies objects based on the learning data that is closest to the object. In the development of the carrot quality classification application, it is hoped that it can help farmers, industry, or the general public in sorting out good and efficient carrot quality. On the results of the classification using this classification system got a percentage of 74.19%

INFLUENCE OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF BARLEY SPROUTS, TREHALOSE, AND CALCIUM ON GROWTH, QUALTY AND YEILD OF CARROT

This research was implemented at vegetable field of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad during fall seasons, 2018 and 2019. The experiment was conducted using factorial within Randomized Complete Block Design arrangement with three factors and replicates (3X3X2). The aqueous barley sprouts extract (B0, B1) (0, 100 g.L-1) represented the first factor. Trehalose (T0, T1, T2) (0, 50, 75 mmole.L-1) represented the second factor. Calcium (C0, C1, C2) (0, 1, 2 ml.L-1) represented the third factor. The research objectives are assessing the impact of the mentioned factors and their interaction on carrot vegetative, quality, and yield traits. Results showed the effectiveness of three ways interaction treatment B1T2C1 in producing significant increases in leaves number (14, 13, total sugars in roots (8.619, 8.15mg.100-1g) and carrot weight (161.6, 159g) for both seasons respectively.in compare with control treatment B0T0C0.

Mineral biofortification of vegetables through soil-applied poultry mortality compost.

Intensive agricultural practices lower soil fertility, particularly micronutrients which are rarely applied to soils as chemical fertilizers. Micronutrient deficiency in soils results in inferior product quality and micronutrient malnutrition in humans. Application of compost to soil may improve crop yields and quality by enhancing macro- and micronutrients availability, enhancing soil microbial population, and improving soil physicochemical properties. Poultry mortality compost (PMC) was prepared by decomposing dead poultry birds with poultry litter in an aerated bin through indigenous microbial populations. The prepared PMC was used as an amendment in three field experiments during 2017–18 and 2018–19 to investigate the effect on yield and nutritional quality of potato, carrot, and radish. In these field trials, two compost levels, i.e., 1250 kg ha-1 (PMC1) and 1850 kg ha-1 (PMC2) were compared with the control (no compost application). The results revealed a 10–25% increase in root or tuber yield at PMC2 compared to that in the control. A substantial increase in Zn, Fe, and Mn concentrations in vegetable root/tubers was also observed. Organic matter content and microbial biomass were improved in the soil with PMC application leading to better soil health and better nutrient availability. These studies led us to conclude that the application of PMC not only enhances the vegetable yield but also biofortifies vegetables with micronutrients such as Zn, Fe, and Mn extending agricultural sustainability and eliminating micronutrient malnutrition in humans.

Effect of Wheatgrass Juice on Nutritional Quality of Apple, Carrot, Beet, Orange and Lemon Juice.

Fresh fruit and vegetable juices are commonly consumed as a valuable source of nutrients, while wheatgrass juice is, due to its nutritional value, used as a natural dietary supplement. The main aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of wheatgrass juice addition to apple, beet, carrot, orange, and lemon juice on total and in vitro bioaccessible concentrations of K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, and Zn, vitamin C concentration, total phenolic and flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity. In comparison to other juices, wheatgrass juice had the highest total and in vitro bioaccessible concentrations of Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, and Zn, while beet juice had the highest K concentration. Lemon and orange juices had the highest vitamin C concentration, while the highest total phenolic and flavonoid content were found in wheatgrass juice. After the addition of wheatgrass juice, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Zn concentration increased in all examined juices, vitamin C concentration increased in apple, beet, and carrot juice, total phenolic content increased in carrot juice, while total flavonoid content increased in apple, carrot, and orange juice. In comparison to the examined juices, wheatgrass juice has better nutritional value, and it could be used in a mixture with other juices to improve their nutritional value.

Response of glutathione pools to cadmium stress and the strategy to translocate cadmium from roots to leaves (Daucus carota L.)

Carrots are one of the most highly consumed vegetables in the world. Due to the large area of cadmium (Cd) contaminated farmland, to abate the impact of Cd contamination on carrot quality and safety, a novel strategy is required to drive Cd translocation from the soil to the overground leafy tissues of carrots to protect the edible roots and thus ensure food security. To this end, this article presents an experimental study with mathematical models to assess the tolerance and accumulation capacity of Cd in inedible carrot leaves, as well as the regulatory factors affecting Cd distribution in carrots. The glutathione (GSH) pools were examined in carrot leaves in response to the oxidation stress induced by Cd exposures, and it was found that under low Cd stress (1 and 3 mg/L) the changes of GSH pools were dominated by the variation of GSH, showing higher GSH content and low levels of oxidized GSH content (GSSG). In contrast, both of these two indicator variables as well as the GSH/GSSG ratio all decreased under high Cd stress (5 and 9 mg/L). Combining this information with Cd concentrations in leaves, a model was established to predict the Cd accumulation capacity of leaves. The data showed that the potential Cd accumulation in carrot leaves could be as high as 514 μg/kg dry weight. Furthermore, the factors and primary physiological indicators affecting and regulating GSH pools by multiple stepwise regression were analyzed. The results showed that increasing chlorophyll a/b ratio and γ-glutamylcyclotransferase activity while inhibiting phytochelatin synthase activity could expand the tolerance of carrot leaves to Cd. These findings suggest a possible strategy for regulating the distribution of toxic metals in plants through a molecular-based approach and provide some important information that could be conducive to achieving food safety and phytoremediation of contaminated soils.

Detection of Carrot Quality Using DCGAN and Deep Network with Squeeze-and-Excitation

Detection of Carrot Quality Using DCGAN and Deep Network with Squeeze-and-Excitation

Comparative studies on the effect of certain biofertilizers on growth, yield and quality of carrot (Daucus carota L.) under Punjab conditions

The investigation entitled “Comparative studies on the effect of certain biofertilizers on growth, yield and quality of carrot (Daucus carota L.) under Punjab conditions”was carried out at vegetable research farm, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab during Rabi 2021-2022. The experimental design adopted was two factorial RBD with three replications. The first factor was biofertilizers and second factor, carrot cv. Country Red and Lalima. The experiment included 8 treatment combinations viz. Azospirillum+50% RDF, PSB+50% RDF, VAM+50% RDF, Azospirillum +PSB+50% RDF, Azospirillum +VAM+50% RDF, PSB +VAM+50% RDF, Azospirillum +VAM+PSB+50%RDF, Control 100% RDF. Among the interaction effects the combination of 50% RDF+ PSB + Azospirillum + VAM recorded highest values in terms of growth characters viz., plant height (87.82 cm), number of leaves (19.74), fresh and dry weight of root (124.91 g and 4.72 g, respectively) and yield characters viz., root length (27.33 cm), yield per plot (5.82 kg/ plot) and yield per hectare (194 q/ha), and quality characters viz. carotene content (47.39 mg), total soluble solids showed better performance with application of Azospirillum and 50% RDF and on other hand ascorbic acid found superior in the combination (Azospirillum + VAM + 50% RDF), respectively..

Improved technology elements of table carrot cultivation in the Volgograd region

During the period of field research to find ways to improve the elements of table carrot cultivation technology, we proposed a comprehensive resource-saving technology for the cultivation of carrot root crops on drip irrigation in the Lower Volga region. A hypothesis was put forward to increase the productivity and quality of table carrots through the use of new generation biological products and fertigation of crops using drip irrigation. The research program included a comparative assessment of the zoned table carrot variety Shantane (control) and promising Red Core and Santa Cruz hybrids, which belong to the same early maturity group. For this, mineral fertilizers were calculated in doses for the planned yields of 90, 110, and 130 t/ha, using drip irrigation. Biological preparations Agriful (concentration 3 and 4 l/ha) and Fertigrain Foliar (concentration 1.3 l/ha) were used, in addition, to their complex use together with mineral fertilizers.