Quality Engineering Research Articles

Analysis of Technical Key Points in Road and Bridge Construction Management

With the rapid development of the country, the overall strength of the country is also increasing. With the rapid development of various industries in the country, more new technologies have been introduced and more new materials have been adopted in highway and bridge construction. At the same time, improving the quality of road and bridge construction and prolonging the service life of road and bridge engineering are also the primary tasks of construction enterprises. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of road and bridge engineering and extend its service life, it is necessary to improve the quality of road and bridge engineering on the premise of ensuring the construction focus. In the process of construction, the construction unit must effectively and reasonably choose the bridge construction technology, technological process and construction points that conform to itself, and only in this way can the quality of bridge engineering be guaranteed. In the process of road and bridge construction, the construction unit must comprehensively consider all aspects, carefully and conscientiously do every procedure, and take effective measures against various problems to ensure the construction quality, save costs and promote the development of road and bridge undertakings in China.

Dynamic Behavior and Parameter Characteristics of Buried Pipeline in Airports

Buried pipeline, as one of the crucial facilities of airport ground engineering, has been extensively utilized for the transportation of petroleum, natural gas, industrial wastewater, and more. However, there are significant gaps in the research on the dynamic response of buried pipelines in airports under the action of dynamic traffic loads, which severely hampers the design and engineering quality of oil transmission pipelines. This study builds a three-dimensional finite element model to simulate the action of vehicles on the pipe–soil structure with actual loads. Moreover, the current research establishes a dynamic analysis model of pipe–soil interaction to analyze the material damping and load parameters. Using the structural dynamic response equation and Rayleigh damping calculation theory, this study investigates the change law of pipe dynamic stress and influencing factors and presents the recommended values of the parameters related to the pipe–soil interaction. Results are as follows. A damping ratio of 0.05 can enhance the time lag of the dynamic response of the structure and weaken the response peak. For the Rayleigh damping parameters, the viscous damping coefficient [Formula: see text] has almost no effect on the dynamic response of the pipe–soil structure, so it can be disregarded in the calculation. With the increase of the axial weight of the traffic load above the pavement structure, the peak value of each dynamic response quantity of the pipe–soil structure and load magnitude. The suggested value of the dynamic load coefficient of the pipe–soil structure is 1.5. Lastly, the earth pressure and dynamic load coefficients are suggested to take values for different load and axle type cases.

Learnability in Automated Driving (LiAD): Concepts for Applying Learnability Engineering (CALE) Based on Long-Term Learning Effects

Learnability in Automated Driving (LiAD) is a neglected research topic, especially when considering the unpredictable and intricate ways humans learn to interact and use automated driving systems (ADS) over the sequence of time. Moreover, there is a scarcity of publications dedicated to LiAD (specifically extended learnability methods) to guide the scientific paradigm. As a result, this generates scientific discord and, thus, leaves many facets of long-term learning effects associated with automated driving in dire need of significant research courtesy. This, we believe, is a constraint to knowledge discovery on quality interaction design phenomena. In a sense, it is imperative to abstract knowledge on how long-term effects and learning effects may affect (negatively and positively) users’ learning and mental models. As well as induce changeable behavioural configurations and performances. In view of that, it may be imperative to examine operational concepts that may help researchers envision future scenarios with automation by assessing users’ learning ability, how they learn and what they learn over the sequence of time. As well as constructing a theory of effects (from micro, meso and macro perspectives), which may help profile ergonomic quality design aspects that stand the test of time. As a result, we reviewed the literature on learnability, which we mined for LiAD knowledge discovery from the experience perspective of long-term learning effects. Therefore, the paper offers the reader the resulting discussion points formulated under the Learnability Engineering Life Cycle. For instance, firstly, contextualisation of LiAD with emphasis on extended LiAD. Secondly, conceptualisation and operationalisation of the operational mechanics of LiAD as a concept in ergonomic quality engineering (with an introduction of Concepts for Applying Learnability Engineering (CALE) research based on LiAD knowledge discovery). Thirdly, the systemisation of implementable long-term research strategies towards comprehending behaviour modification associated with extended LiAD. As the vehicle industry revolutionises at a rapid pace towards automation and artificially intelligent (AI) systems, this knowledge is useful for illuminating and instructing quality interaction strategies and Quality Automated Driving (QAD).

Сортировка коллизий пересечения

The article describes the features of the transition to information modeling at the design stage, which lead to an increase in the number of digital information models. Quantitative and qualitative improvement of models entails an increase in the time spent by highly qualified labor resources. A method is proposed for sorting intersection collisions for their subsequent correction in order to rationalize the use of labor resources in design organizations, and the organization of work to improve the quality of digital information models, and design solutions in general. Thus, using the collision sorting method, assigning weights to elements, it is possible to increase the productivity of qualified engineers through the rational use of labor resources.
 The greatest number of collisions consist of the intersection of walls with walls, from this it can be concluded that the tool with which the walls are modeled is used incorrectly, there is probably a duplication of elements. The value of weak intersections in the future can be reduced, thereby the verification conditions will become tougher, there will be more intersection collisions, the quality of the CIM will increase after their correction. The values of the weights in this study are assigned based on the fact that the load-bearing elements have a higher priority.
 As further research, it is possible to determine the weights for most of the CIM elements in different types of capital construction projects by expert evaluation and make methodological recommendations.

Slope-Scale Remote Mapping of Rock Mass Fracturing by Modeling Cooling Trends Derived from Infrared Thermography

The reliable in situ quantification of rock mass fracturing and engineering quality is critical for slope stability, surface mining and rock engineering applications, yet it remains difficult due to the heterogeneous nature of fracture networks. We propose a method to quantify and map the slope-scale geomechanical quality of fractured rock masses using infrared thermography (IRT). We use the Mt. Gorsa quarry (Trentino, Italy) as a field laboratory to upscale a physics-based approach, which was developed in the laboratory, to in situ conditions, including the effects of fracture heterogeneity, environmental conditions and IRT limitations. We reconstructed the slope in 3D using UAV photogrammetry, characterized the rock mass quality in the field at selected outcrops in terms of the Geological Strength Index (GSI) and measured their cooling behavior through 18h time-lapse IRT surveys. With ad hoc field experiments, we developed a novel procedure to correct IRT data in outdoor environments with complex topography. This allowed for a spatially distributed quantification of the rock mass surface cooling behavior in terms of a Curve Shape Parameter (CSP). Using non-linear regression, we established a quantitative CSP-GSI relationship, which allowed for the CSP to be translated into GSI maps. Our results demonstrate the possibility of applying infrared thermography to the slope-scale mapping of rock mass fracturing based on a physics-based experimental methodology.

Influence of plastic aggregate geometry on strength properties of cement-stabilized macadam

In order to improve the toughness and flexibility of cement-stabilized macadam and inhibit crack formation and propagation, the influence of plastic aggregate geometry on the strength properties of cement-stabilized macadam is studied. The surface roughness of plastic aggregate was designed into Ra 12.5 and Ra 25. When the content of plastic coarse aggregate was gradually increased from 4 to 8%, 12%, 16%, 20%, and 24%, the compressive strength, splitting strength, and the tensile-compression ratio of the cement-stabilized macadam made of aggregate with rough surface texture were found higher than those of aggregate with smooth surface texture. The rough cylindrical, spherical, spindle, and dumbbell-shaped plastic coarse aggregates were designed and prepared for testing. The test results showed the maximum compressive strength, splitting strength, and tensile-compression ratio of cement-stabilized macadam with the dumbbell-shaped plastic coarse aggregate. The tensile-compression ratio increased by 15.2% compared to natural aggregate cement-stabilized macadam. The results show that under the same conditions, the plastic aggregate with different geometry can improve the compressive and splitting strengths of cement-stabilized macadam and significantly improve the toughness and flexibility, with dumbbell-shaped plastic coarse aggregate having the greatest improvement, especially compared with natural aggregate cement-stabilized crushed stone. This research provides insights for improving pavement engineering quality and new ideas for utilizing waste plastics.

Risk Control Analysis in Electric Power Engineering Project Management

With the development of social economy, the number and scale of electric power construction projects are increasing. Their contents are changing from "single" in the past to "diversified" at present. And the contents of project management are constantly being improved and updated. The function and structure of the electric power construction project in China are relatively complex, involving many factors. There are certain risks in safety, quality, investment, construction period and operating benefit. How to better solve the problems existing in the actual operation process and how to better manage power companies and improve the efficiency and economy of power company projects are the key issues that need to be considered. In order to ensure the economic and social benefits of electric power projects, improve their engineering quality, the project managers must analyze various possible risk factors in time during the construction of electric power projects, and take effective measures to minimize the risks.

A modelling method for simulating nitrogen dynamics under the hydrodynamic context of river network

River network comprised by varieties of interconnected rivers is an essential form of lotic environments. Unravelling the biogeochemical processes are essential for promoting the water quality and ecological health of river networks. However, biogeochemical processes in river networks are difficult to be quantified, since they are controlled by multi-directional mass transport processes and transformation processes associated with varieties of microbial metabolic pathways. To address this gap, the present research combined turbulence model and gene-centric model to establish a systematic modelling method to quantitively describe the nitrogen dynamics in a river network. The proposed model can capture the mass transport and microbial metabolic processes, and can accurately simulate the distribution characteristics of chemical materials and functional genes. The relative errors between simulated results and in-site measured data were low than 40%. With the help of the modelling method, this study further investigated the nitrogen dynamics in the river network. The results illustrated sulfide oxidation and nitrate reduction pathway and anaerobic ammonium oxidation pathway, participated by genes hzo and nap respectively, were the main pathways of NO3– and NO2– reduction. Besides, these two pathways exhibited high rates in all of the six confluence hydrodynamic zones (CHZs) of the river network and further increased the nitrogen removal efficiency. Moreover, the high-rate nitrogen removal processes continued in the downstream areas after CHZs, and the scope of such continuous influences increased with the discharge ratio between tributary and main stream. The modelling method and results in this research can be useful for prediction of water environmental quality and design of river connection engineering.

BACKGROUND FOR THE USE OF HYDROGEN IN UKRAINE IN THE ENERGY AND AUTOMOTIVE SECTORS

Based on the global trends, the article substantiates the place of hydrogen and hydrogen technologies in the further decarbonisation of the energy sector and road transport in Ukraine. The variety of methods of production, transportation and storage, and the use of hydrogen of different purity require complex trade-offs between the cost of the technology and the amount of possible emissions of harmful substances into the environment at all related stages of application of these technologies. Hydrogen fuels and hydrogen technologies should be positioned as one of the areas of energy transition of economic sectors to decarbonisation, which will lead to the development of climate-neutral technologies. Traditional reciprocating internal combustion engines (ICE) can be upgraded to run on purely hydrogen fuel, but this requires the use of new materials due to the high specific energy intensity of hydrogen. The combustion of hydrogen in ICE combustion chambers is hindered by nitrogen oxide (NOX) emission restrictions. A possible option is to use a mixture of hydrogen and natural gas or to upgrade dual-fuel internal combustion engines. This is the most realistic option for Ukraine at this point. In light of the decarbonisation process, the main advantage of fuel cells (FC) is the absence of hydrocarbon combustion and, accordingly, the ability to reduce air pollution with the greenhouse gas CO2. Existing FC can operate not only on hydrogen but also on natural gas. In the energy sector, hydrogen technologies compete not with traditional methods of generating heat and electricity, but with bioenergy, heat pumps, and technologies for capturing and storing carbon and its oxides. In the automotive sector, hydrogen technologies compete with liquid and gaseous biofuels, electric vehicles and hybrids with internal combustion engines and batteries. The potential application of hydrogen technologies for decarbonisation processes will only be unlocked once a hydrogen market and the relevant infrastructure are in place. The segment and price of hydrogen technologies depend on by the method of production process chosen, as well as the infrastructure components, including storage, transportation and fuelling stations. The safe operation and implementation of hydrogen technologies in Ukraine requires qualified engineering staff. The training of such specialists for the energy and transport sectors can be taken on by universities by universities in the speciality 142 – energy engineering.

Spektr–UF Mission Spectrograph Space Qualified CCD Detector Subsystem

Spektr–UF (World Space Observatory Ultraviolet, WSO-UV) is a Russian-led international collaboration aiming to develop a large space-borne 1.7 m Ritchey–Chretién telescope with science instruments to study the Universe in ultraviolet wavelengths. The WSO-UV spectrograph (WUVS) consists of three channels: two high-resolution channels (R = 50,000) with spectral ranges of 115–176 nm and 174–310 nm, and a low-resolution (R = 1000) channel with a spectral range of 115–305 nm. Each of the three channels has an almost identical custom detector consisting of a CCD inside a vacuum enclosure, and drive electronics. The main challenges of the WUVS detectors are to achieve high quantum efficiency in the FUV-NUV range, to provide low readout noise (3 e− at 50 kHz) and low dark current (<12 e−/pixel/hour), to operate with integral exposures of up to 10 h and to provide good photometric accuracy. A custom vacuum enclosure and three variants of a custom CCD272-64 sensor with different UV AR coatings optimised for each WUVS channel were designed. The enclosure prevents contamination and maintains the CCD at the operating temperature of −100 ∘C, while the temperature of the WUVS optical bench is +20 ∘C. A camera electronics box (CEB) that houses the CCD drive electronics was developed. Digital correlated double sampling technology allows for extremely low readout noise and flexible frequency for normal and binned pixel readout modes. This paper presents the WUVS detector design drivers, methods for extending the service life of the CCD sensors working with low signals in a space radiation environment and the key calculated parameters and results of the engineering qualification model qualification campaign.

Advancements in Security Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Methodologies and Emerging Trends in Software Quality Engineering

Advancements in Security Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Methodologies and Emerging Trends in Software Quality Engineering

Vision of Engineering Education System with Balance Economic Growth of India

Abstract— This paper focuses on the journey of engineering education to flourish the India’s economic growth. To know the role of engineering education towards the contribution of nation’s economic growth, the meaning of true engineering education must be understood. The engineering student’s life includes three phases in his/her education journey; i) education, ii) employment and iii) society welfare. At the world level, engineering education is the most preferred career option. At present India produces 15 lakh engineers for 1 trillion economies whereas United State (US) produces 1 lakh engineers for 16 trillion economies. The difference is the engineers of US is skill oriented from day one while India’s engineers are not industry ready due to lack of skill and required 6 month or 1 year training after the course completion. So, the quantity and quality of engineers produced by India is not adequate to keep the pace with the world. In the new world technologies changes very fast so as engineering education from 1.0 to 4.0 and now education 5.0 more focuses on rehumanizing approaches with machine and technologies. The paper also emphasis different era of industry, society, education revolution with respect to engineering education to compete with globalized world. Keywords— engineering education, economic growth employment, society welfare, rehumanizing approaches, education 1.0 to 4.0, education 5.0.

Use of Egg Shell Powder and Periwinkle Shell Ash to Strengthen the Engineering Properties of Clayey Soil

Recently, the stabilization of clayey soil (CS) has drawn the attention of numerous researchers. In the past, Egg Shell Powder (ESP) and Periwinkle Shell Ash (PSA) were individually tested for their ability to stabilize clayey soil. The author has attempted to stabilize the clayey soil by combining the two of them. The goal of the current study was to compare the efficacy of various eggshell powder and periwinkle shell ash concentrations as soil stabilizers. Testing procedures include the California Bearing Ratio (CBR), Atterberg limits, Unconfined Compression Test (UCS), and compaction tests on the mixture of clayey soil, eggshell powder and periwinkle shell ash. In this study, ESP and PSA were used as soil stabilizers. PSA was varied (i.e., 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%) after ESP was fixed at 12% utilizing index properties testing. The current study aims to evaluate the increase in the strength and stability qualities in soft subgrade soil by stabilizing it first with ESP and then reinforcing it with PSA. It was found that curing time, eggshell powder, and periwinkle shell ash concentration all significantly affected the engineering qualities of the stabilized soil. The findings demonstrated that increasing eggshell powder content increased unconfined compression strength and California bearing ratio values up to a certain point and then decreased slightly. On the other hand, the strength attributes described increased as periwinkle shell ash concentration increased. Additionally, it was found that the stabilized soil samples' strength properties had been significantly improved by the curing period. Key Words: Atterberg limits, CBR, Compaction test, Eggshell Powder, Periwinkle Shell Ash

Discussion on the Status Quo of Non-Destructive Testing Technology in Highway Engineering and Strategies of Improving the Quality of Testing

Highway test and detection technology play a very important role in controlling the quality of road and bridge engineering and improving the maintenance of roads and bridges. The study of highway bridge test detection technology is both theoretically and practically useful. Road and bridge test and detection is a complicated task. With the development of science and technology highway and bridge engineering test and detection technology has also made great progress. The continuous improvement of test and detection technology has brought good social benefits to road and bridge construction. This article discusses the problems in test and detection technology of highway bridges and how to improve the quality of test and detection.

Optimized aggregate height measurement by laser with nonlinear fitting

The measurement of shape parameters of coarse aggregate is the premise to ensure the quality of concrete engineering. In the measurement of particle shape based on laser triangulation method, the selection of polynomial fitting parameters between different test scene displacement and image offset is often different. For coarse aggregate height measurement, an optimal laser triangulation method is proposed, and the best polynomial fitting times of aggregate measurement is obtained through data extraction and error analysis. Firstly, the laser streak information is collected from the aggregate surface based on the industrial camera, and the laser streak is processed by Gaussian filtering and color space transformation, and then the center line of the laser streak is obtained by the center method to obtain the corresponding aggregate height information. Finally, based on the comparison between the experimental measurements and the height values calculated by different polynomial fits, the laser triangulation solution method is optimized by different error factors analysis. The experimental results show that in the process of aggregate height measurement, the cubic term fitting solution is optimal with an average relative error of only 0.693%.

A Study on the Benefits and Limitations of Software Testing Principles and Techniques: Software Quality Engineering

A Study on the Benefits and Limitations of Software Testing Principles and Techniques: Software Quality Engineering

A Comprehensive Research Analysis of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Agile & Waterfall Model Advantages, Disadvantages, and Application Suitability in Software Quality Engineering

A Comprehensive Research Analysis of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Agile & Waterfall Model Advantages, Disadvantages, and Application Suitability in Software Quality Engineering

A Comprehensive Review of Performance Testing Methodologies and Best Practices: Software Quality Engineering

A Comprehensive Review of Performance Testing Methodologies and Best Practices: Software Quality Engineering

Synergizing Requirements Engineering and Quality Assurance: A Comprehensive Exploration in Software Quality Engineering

Synergizing Requirements Engineering and Quality Assurance: A Comprehensive Exploration in Software Quality Engineering

Quantity and quality of marine dual-fuel engine’s exhaust sensible waste heat considering different sulfur content in fuels

Quantity and quality of marine dual-fuel engine’s exhaust sensible waste heat considering different sulfur content in fuels