The aim of the study was to determine the structure and trends of the public-private partnership projects market in the healthcare sector in the Russian Federation. The information and analytical base of the study was data on investment projects implemented on PPP principles and included in the register of the Rosinfra digital platform. Qualitative and quantitative research methods were used. The PPP market in the healthcare sector has been formed and is developing in different areas of industry activity. However, the analysis of the structure and trends showed its imbalance in models, legal forms, and areas of MP. Conditions have not been created for investors in socially significant areas — primary care, medical rehabilitation. The analysis of the structure and trends of the PPP market in the healthcare sector showed that it is necessary to develop mechanisms for attracting investments in the primary care (general therapeutic area) and improve special legislation in terms of PPP agreements in order to replicate infrastructure models in the industry. This will lead to a decrease in the number of low-capital-intensive and short-term projects, which will contribute to more sustainable development of PPP in the healthcare sector.

<b>Abstract</b>: Mother tongue education plays a central role in transmitting a society’s cultural values and human heritage to future generations. Beyond fostering core linguistic skills such as reading, writing, speaking, and listening, it also enables individuals to make sense of their relationships with others and develop awareness of social values. Sait Faik Abasıyanık’s short story Lüzumsuz Adam serves as a significant resource for values education, as it explores themes of loneliness, the longing for acceptance, and a compassionate outlook toward others. Within this study, the story was examined through the framework of the core values identified by the Turkish Ministry of National Education—justice, friendship, honesty, patience, respect, love, self-control, responsibility, patriotism, and benevolence. The analysis revealed that love, benevolence, responsibility, and respect are particularly foregrounded throughout the text. The sensitive portrayal of the protagonist and the empathetic perspective toward marginalized individuals highlight the story’s potential to foster students’ capacity for empathy. Employing a qualitative research approach and document analysis method, this study investigated the narrative structure, characters, and point of view of Lüzumsuz Adam in the context of values education. The findings suggest that the story is highly suitable for use as instructional material in both Turkish language and values education.

One of the most common problems faced by autistic children is sensory integration problems related to the challenges of developing social cognition. This research aims to establish the causal effect of sensory motor at home and its role in enhancing the social cognitive development of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder. Considering the difficulties of autistic children in the sensory processing and reciprocal social interaction domains, the active early intervention introduced in a familiar home environment has great potential to promote the development and improvement of the key cognitive and social skills. This qualitative research will involve interviewing parents of autistic children between the ages of three to six years. The researchers will identify the range of interesting and efficient sensory motor activities that are already taking place in the home environment and then analyse how these actions affect the social cognition development of the children in a more detailed manner. This research will provide a better perspective on the use of home-based sensory motor practices by providing empirically generated information in the process of facilitating social cognition. It can then be used to directly develop more accessible, convenient, and parent-friendly ways of the early intervention stage, enabling families to actively enhance their child's development in all areas beyond clinical environments and provide significant insights for stakeholders in the autism community, such as parents, educators, and therapists.

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed the educational landscape, particularly in how students learn and engage with the English language. This study explores the perceptions of foundation students at UNITAR International University regarding the impact of AI on English language learning specifically, whether it serves as an aid or an obstacle. Employing a qualitative research design, data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with selected foundation students who have used AI-based tools such as ChatGPT, Grammarly, and Microsoft 365 Copilot in their learning process. The findings reveal that students generally perceive AI as a supportive learning aid that enhances vocabulary acquisition, grammar correction, and pronunciation practice. However, several participants expressed concerns about over-reliance on AI, reduced critical thinking, and diminished originality in writing. The study concludes that while AI can significantly facilitate English language learning, it should be integrated thoughtfully, with educators guiding students on ethical use and promoting self-directed learning. These insights highlight the need for balanced pedagogical approaches that harness AI’s benefits without compromising students’ language development and autonomy.

This study explores the factors influencing the use of YouTube for English as Second Language (ESL) learning among Malaysian Lower secondary students. The rapid growth of digital platforms has altered the way students access real-world language input, yet little is known about how YouTube contributes to their learning. This research paper is guided by the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), the research examines the role of attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control in shaping student’s intentions to use YouTube for learning English. A qualitative research approach was implied, with semi-structured interviews conducted with nine students from both urban and rural schools. Data were analysed using thematic analysis of Braun and Clarke’s (2006) framework. The findings resulted that students use YouTube to develop listening, vocabulary and pronunciation skills, while social influences and accessibility strongly affect their engagement. The study concludes that YouTube functions as a supplementary tool for English Learning, connecting formal classroom instruction with real-world language exposure.

Many vocational schools have been bringing their educational practice closer to industry along with the concept of Teaching Factory (TEFA) to adjust the students’ skills as close as the industry demands. The implementation of TEFA based curriculum in one of vocational higher education in Surabaya for all subjects including English subject has been performed since 2019. In English classes, the Teaching Factory-Based Strategy covers two methods: product-based learning and flipped classroom. This research aims to explore the implementation of TEFA-based strategy and the two methods by revealing students' perceptions and responses on the strategy. This research is descriptive qualitative research in which data were obtained through questionnaires and interviews. The students observed were from 4 different study programs in this PPNS. The results of this study show positive perceptions of students toward TEFA – based strategy implemented in the classroom even though there are some obstacles faced by both students and lecturers. Hopefully this research can contribute practically to English teachers who are adopting TEFA in English language teaching.

This article provides a review and summary of the principles of English teaching to achieve breakthroughs in teaching principles. The review of theories such as input-output theory, self-efficacy, and learned helplessness is not new, but it is useful. These principles are essential theories for guiding educational work, and we must learn them if we want to improve the quality of education. The quality of education in China will improve under the guidance of these theories and principles. Both the qualitative research and quantitative research methodologies must be employed if the desired purposes are to be reached.

This study examines the execution of deradicalization programs for former terrorist offenders in Bengkulu Province, Indonesia, concentrating on three fundamental pillars: rehabilitation, social reintegration, and education. Using a qualitative desk research method, the analysis uses secondary data from government policy papers, institutional reports, and academic literature. The results show that there are still structural problems, such as inadequate institutional support, collaboration within sectors, and help after release. Social reintegration continues to be obstructed by enduring stigma and the lack of effective community empowerment initiatives, while rehabilitative and educational solutions frequently employ standardized methods that do not consider local socio-cultural circumstances. This study’s uniqueness stems from its examination of deradicalization implementation in a non-central, underresearched area, emphasizing the disparity between national policy formulation and local execution capabilities. By proposing a decentralized, participatory, and contextsensitive methodology, this research enhances the literature on counterterrorism and policy implementation in peripheral regions. The study supports a cohesive deradicalization strategy rooted in community-oriented social resilience to guarantee enduring reintegration results.

This study investigated the contribution of internal procedures of monitoring and evaluation to the performance of graduates of private universities. Literature shows that the teaching in private Universities in Uganda is compromised by learning exposures not tailored to students’ situation-related experiences; theoretical learning, and inadequate preparation for the current work demands have been earmarked. Therefore, this research begets a core question- what are the monitoring and evaluation procedures universities engage in to ascertain that their graduates thrive in their learning experiences with competencies- a follow-through to their various placements? Using the qualitative research design, the study targeted key university management figures, including 16 members of the management team through purposive sampling, 19 employers and 17 graduates through in-depth interviews, observations and document reviews analysed thematically by NVIVO software. This led to the emergence of the following themes: inadequate teaching/learning facilities, staff and students’ welfare procedures and competences, minimal involvement of staff, procedures for developing and implementing academic programs, involvement of students and other stakeholders in the implementation of quality assurance procedures. The study emphasises the need for Universities to continually revisit the M&E framework and guidelines that need to correspond to emerging trends and demands with regard to exposing students to relevant learning experiences in preparation for complex job and life-related situations.

Purpose This study aims to examine the influence of the regional social entrepreneurship ecosystem (RSEE) on the functioning of social enterprises (SEs) in India, with a specific focus on Kerala. By shifting the analysis focus from the national to the regional level, it addresses the limited understanding of how social entrepreneurs experience and interact with ecosystem actors. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a qualitative research methodology, drawing on in-depth interviews with 17 social entrepreneurs across the state of Kerala. Thematic data analysis was performed to identify patterns of interaction between SEs and diverse ecosystem stakeholders. Findings This study reveals that SEs are strongly supported and fostered by regionally embedded institutions, such as state and local governments, as well as by locally available actors. The findings emphasise that a strong RSEE is critical for SE growth and sustainability and that research and policy attention should shift from national to regional ecosystems. Originality/value This study contributes to the SE scholarship by focusing on the RSEE and examining how social entrepreneurs experience and engage with ecosystem actors at the local/regional level.

This study aims to determine the perception of students from the Islamic Education Study Program towards the use of Chat GPT to support the learning process at the Tarbiyah Faculty of IAIN Bone. This research was conducted at Campus 1 of IAIN Bone using a descriptive qualitative research method. Data collection techniques included interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis techniques consisted of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The analysis results indicate that students from the Islamic Education Study Program (PAI) at the Tarbiyah Faculty of IAIN Bone have a tendency towards a positive perception regarding the use of Chat GPT in supporting classroom discussion processes. They assess that Chat GPT is effective in helping them formulate stimulating questions, simplify complex language, and enrich insights beyond the material presented in papers. Nevertheless, challenges such as potential dependency and the tendency to copy answers verbatim emerged. To overcome this, students strive to balance it with a critical attitude, ensuring material comprehension, and delivering the information in their own language. Meanwhile, students' perceptions of the quality of information obtained from Chat GPT within the context of PAI material varied; some felt the information was accurate and relevant to their learning, while others held a negative perception, believing the information was not always accurate, limited to what was asked, and not always up-to-date.

This study aims to determine the impact of the home industry of reyeng bamboo weavers in improving the family economy in Trenggalek Regency. The focus of this study is to understand the role of home industries in meeting household needs and reviewed from an Islamic economic perspective. This study uses qualitative research methods that focus on facts occurring in the field with an inductive and descriptive or explanatory approach. Data were collected through interviews with bamboo weavers in Trenggalek Regency. The findings of this study indicate that home industries in Trenggalek Regency are able to meet family economic needs, reduce unemployment, and provide benefits. From an Islamic economic perspective, this activity does not violate Islamic principles and rules, both in terms of raw materials, production processes, and sales, except for fluctuating selling prices, and the system used is still simple and manual. The results of this study indicate that the home industry of reyeng bamboo weaving can improve the family economy in Trenggalek Regency. The success of home industries for the welfare of the community requires support from the local government in order to develop home industry businesses to improve the family economy and absorb labor.

Purpose This study aims to examine the motivations and perspectives of graduate students in arts and design disciplines in engaging with sustainability within their academic and creative practices, explore how institutional frameworks and pedagogies influence their engagement and highlight related challenges and opportunities and investigate how students envision the long-term impact of sustainability practices on their future careers and the broader field of art and design. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts a qualitative research approach which involved semi-structured in-depth interviews with arts and design graduate students at a land-grant university in the USA. Participants were recruited through the university’s sustainability fellows program and sustainability events. Findings The findings revealed an evolving engagement with sustainability shaped by students’ personal backgrounds, interdisciplinary perspectives and institutional influences. Participants viewed sustainability as a holistic, interdisciplinary responsibility connected to social justice, personal experiences and professional aspirations. Despite challenges such as cost barriers, limited resources and institutional gaps, they expressed a strong commitment to advancing sustainability within their creative, academic and professional practices. Originality/value This study highlights the need for strengthening faculty development, expanding interdisciplinary coursework and providing hands-on learning opportunities to better support sustainability engagement in creative disciplines. It also emphasizes the importance of institutional reforms that embed sustainability across art and design programs, particularly through integrating the Sustainable Development Goals as a unified framework for addressing global challenges.

A practical guide to reporting appraisal and transparency in qualitative research in health professions education

Women have become a key target of the global development agenda, particularly in developing countries. In Timor-Leste, several development partner agencies have helped initiate support for the government in agricultural development to ensure that women benefit from this intervention. This article focuses on women's participation in agricultural development interventions in Ermera municipality in Timor-Leste. This qualitative research uses a case study approach to have a better understanding of women farmers' everyday lives in rural areas. It uses a transformative worldview because the findings of this research will contribute to transforming the agricultural development of rural women in Timor-Leste in the future. The discrimination against women in agricultural development interventions continues to occur, which has contributed to the lower success outcomes of the interventions. The lack of women's participation in decision-making processes, limited access to agricultural resources and information, and gender-discriminatory cultural practices are acknowledged as the main contributing factors to the failures of current agricultural interventions for rural women in Timor-Leste.

This study investigates the transpositioning of identity among Indonesian hospitality interns navigating multilingual environments in Hong Kong’s global hotel sector, a context that remains underexplored in current research. Recognizing the gap in how young professionals adapt and reposition their linguistic and cultural identities within institutions dominated by linguistic hierarchies and diverse ideologies, the study set out to examine how they transform themselves in such agentive, moment-to-moment shifts in self-positioning. Employing a qualitative narrative inquiry design, data were collected through thematic analysis triangulated by survey data and interviews with four Indonesian interns. The findings reveal that identity transformation in this setting is both strategic and deeply agentive: intern students transition from locally-rooted Indonesian students to global hospitality professionals, transpositioning their identity from Indonesian student to global hospitality professional as well as shaping their identity through continually leveraging English, Mandarin, and other languages as powerful tools for career advancement, adaptive professionalism, and emotional well-being. The implications suggest that hospitality training should focus not only on language proficiency but also on the development of identity-negotiation skills, preparing interns for complex communicative and cultural demands. Future research is recommended to trace the long-term effects of workplace identity transposition, compare outcomes across international service sectors, and integrate longitudinal and quantitative approaches.

The present study aimed to analyze how digital marketing strategies applied on social media influence consumer behavior and purchasing decisions. In addition to this central objective, the investigation also sought to understand which digital elements have the greatest impact on value perception, engagement, and purchase intention in the online environment. This qualitative and literature-based research drew on scientific articles published between 2016 and 2025, selected from databases such as SciELO, Google Scholar, as well as academic repository publications. The findings indicate that strategies such as the use of digital influencers, personalized content, storytelling, visual engagement, and targeted advertising strongly influence the development of trust, the perception of credibility, and the reduction of perceived risk, ultimately guiding consumers toward purchase decisions. It is concluded that digital marketing on social media has become an essential resource for companies, capable of establishing emotional connections, reinforcing brand identity, and enhancing competitive advantages in an increasingly digitalized Market.

This study investigates the effectiveness of the Intellectual Diary (ID) strategy in enhancing EFL students' Reader Response Competence during the reading of Ernest Hemingway’s novella, The Old Man and the Sea. Grounded in Rosenblatt's (1978) transactional theory, the study addresses the challenge of passive reading by implementing the ID as a structured reflective tool. This qualitative descriptive research involved 28 undergraduate students from an Indonesian state university. Data were collected from 112 Intellectual Diary entries, supplemented by interviews and field notes, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The analysis focused on four dimensions of response: interpretative depth, emotional engagement, critical inquiry, and personal reflection. Findings revealed a substantial improvement across all four dimensions, with high overall mean scores (2.75 to 4.00). The ID successfully fostered deeper symbolic understanding (interpretative depth) and significantly enhanced students' personal connection and empathy for Santiago's struggle (emotional engagement and personal reflection). Furthermore, reflective writing encouraged a more critical and questioning stance toward the text. In conclusion, the Intellectual Diary is an effective and theoretically sound pedagogical strategy for transforming reading into an active, transformative process. Its use is strongly recommended for EFL literature classrooms aiming to cultivate reflective, analytical, and emotionally engaged readers.

Speaking skills influence someone in conveying messages in speaking or communicating activities. Not all students are able to speak Indonesian, because sometimes students are still carried away by their respective regional languages. Regional languages ​​are very attached so that students have difficulty explaining using Indonesian, therefore students find it easier to explain using their regional languages. This study seeks to identify the process of analyzing Indonesian speaking skills of class XI agribusiness food crops and horticulture (ATPH) at SMK N 1 Pakuan Ratu. A qualitative descriptive research design was used in this study. The research findings indicate that the majority of XI ATPH students at SMK N 1 Pakuan Ratu are interested in learning Indonesian, but are constrained by the habit of using regional languages ​​in communication. The results show that the motivation and interest of XI ATPH students of SMK N 1 Pakuan Ratu in learning Indonesian are quite high, this is reflected in every learning meeting, these students are very enthusiastic in learning Indonesian language skills. However, students' Indonesian speaking skills do not develop optimally due to environmental factors, habits, and parenting patterns. These students only learn Indonesian when they are in the school environment, while returning to using regional languages ​​in the family or community environment, thus the role of teachers is very crucial in teaching Indonesian, which is expected to enable students to start getting used to communicating in Indonesian outside the school environment.

<p><em>Spelling competence is critical in academic writing, particularly for English student teachers who are expected to serve as role models of accurate language use in their future classrooms. At the South African university, many Level One English Student Teachers enter higher education with spelling challenges that affect both their academic performance and professional identity. This study investigates spelling problems and effective teaching strategies to overcome the problem. Employing a qualitative research approach, the study collected data through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews with lecturers, focus group discussions with students, and analysis of students’ written work. The findings revealed that spelling challenges were mainly influenced by phonological interference from learners’ home languages, limited familiarity with written English, and inadequate prior instruction in spelling rules. Effective interventions identified in the study include explicit spelling instruction, phonics-based approaches, fostering morphological awareness, peer-assisted learning, and the integration of digital tools. The study recommends incorporating structured spelling instruction into English Education modules to enhance student teachers’ writing accuracy, build their professional confidence, and equip them with the skills needed to teach spelling effectively in South African schools.</em></p>